中国文化禁忌Cultural taboos in China学习资料
中国送礼文化的风俗禁忌英文作文
中国送礼文化的风俗禁忌英文作文Title: Taboos in Chinese Gift-Giving CultureIntroduction:Gift-giving is an important aspect of Chinese culture, as it is a way to show respect, gratitude, and maintain good relationships. However, there are certain taboos and customs that should be observed to ensure that the gift is well-received and does not unintentionally offend the recipient.Taboos in Chinese Gift-Giving Culture:1. Clocks: Giving someone a clock as a gift is considered taboo in Chinese culture, as the pronunciation of the word "clock" is similar to the word "end" or "death" in Chinese. This can be seen as a bad omen and may bring bad luck to the recipient.2. Umbrellas: Similarly, giving someone an umbrella as a gift is also considered taboo, as the pronunciation of the word "umbrella" is similar to the word "separation" in Chinese. This can imply that the relationship between the gift-giver and recipient may come to an end.3. Shoes: Giving shoes as a gift is also considered taboo in Chinese culture, as shoes are associated with walking away or leaving. This can suggest that the recipient will walk away from the relationship or the friendship may come to an end.4. Sharp objects: Giving sharp objects such as knives or scissors as gifts is considered unlucky in Chinese culture, as it symbolizes cutting ties or relationships. This can bring bad luck or misfortune to the recipient.5. Chrysanthemums: Although chrysanthemums are beautiful flowers, they are often associated with funerals and are used to mourn the dead in Chinese culture. Giving chrysanthemums as a gift can be seen as inappropriate and insensitive.6. Handkerchiefs: Giving handkerchiefs as gifts is considered taboo in Chinese culture, as it symbolizes wiping away tears and may imply sadness or sorrow. It is best to avoid giving handkerchiefs as gifts, especially on happy occasions.7. Numbers: In Chinese culture, the number four is considered unlucky as it sounds similar to the word "death." Therefore, gifts should not be given in sets of four, and the number four should be avoided in the value of the gift.Conclusion:In conclusion, understanding the taboos and customs of Chinese gift-giving culture is essential to ensure that gifts are well-received and do not unintentionally offend the recipient. By being mindful of these taboos, gift-givers can show respect and maintain positive relationships with their friends, family, and colleagues in China.。
中国禁忌文化英文作文
中国禁忌文化英文作文In Chinese culture, there are many taboos that people need to be aware of. For example, it is considered rude to point at someone with your finger. Instead, it is better to use an open hand to gesture towards someone.Another taboo in Chinese culture is the concept of "saving face." This means that it is important to avoid embarrassing someone in public, as it can cause them to lose face. It is important to be mindful of this when interacting with others in Chinese culture.In Chinese culture, the number four is considered unlucky because it sounds similar to the word for death. As a result, it is best to avoid giving gifts or making references to the number four.Additionally, it is important to be mindful of the concept of hierarchy in Chinese culture. It is important to show respect to elders and those in positions of authority.This can be demonstrated through actions such as allowing them to speak first or serving them food and drinks before yourself.In Chinese culture, it is important to be mindful of the concept of "guanxi," which refers to the importance of building and maintaining relationships. This can involve exchanging favors and building a network of connections to help one another in various aspects of life.Furthermore, it is important to be mindful of the concept of "yin and yang" in Chinese culture, which emphasizes the balance between opposing forces. This can be seen in various aspects of life, including the balance between work and rest, as well as the balance between different elements in traditional Chinese medicine.In Chinese culture, it is important to be mindful of the concept of "qi," which refers to the life force or energy that flows through all living things. This concept is important in traditional Chinese medicine and can influence various aspects of daily life.In conclusion, Chinese culture is rich in taboos and traditions that are important to be mindful of when interacting with others. By being aware of these cultural nuances, one can show respect and understanding towards the customs and beliefs of the Chinese people.。
中国筷子禁忌英语作文
中国筷子禁忌英语作文In Chinese culture, the use of chopsticks is not just amatter of eating; it is deeply rooted in tradition and etiquette. Here are some of the taboos associated with theuse of chopsticks in China:1. Pointing with Chopsticks: Never point chopsticks at someone as it is considered impolite. This is becausepointing with chopsticks is reminiscent of pointing with a finger, which is also considered rude.2. Stirring Food: Avoid stirring your food with chopsticks as if searching for something. This action is likened tostirring a dead person's ashes, which is a grave taboo.3. Sticky Chopsticks: Do not stick chopsticks vertically intoa bowl of rice as it resembles incense sticks used inancestor worship and funerals. This is seen as a sign of bad luck.4. Passing Food: It is not acceptable to pass food from oneset of chopsticks to another. This is associated with funeral practices where food is passed to the deceased.5. Using Chopsticks to Point Out Food: When choosing what to eat, do not use your chopsticks to point at the food. Instead, use your hand or verbal cues.6. Crossing Chopsticks: Crossing chopsticks over a bowl is considered bad luck, as it resembles a cross, which is associated with death in Chinese culture.7. Holding Chopsticks Idle: Do not hold chopsticks in your hand without using them. This is seen as a sign of indecision or lack of respect for the meal.8. Chopstick Length: Ensure that the chopsticks used at the table are of equal length. Uneven chopsticks symbolize an uneven path in life.9. Chopsticks on the Table: Place chopsticks on the rest provided, rather than directly on the table. This shows respect for the cleanliness and orderliness of the dining area.10. Chopsticks in the Mouth: Do not speak with chopsticks in your mouth. It is considered impolite and can be seen as a sign of disrespect.Understanding and respecting these chopstick taboos is essential for anyone who wishes to dine in a Chinese setting or engage with Chinese culture. It shows respect for the host and the cultural practices that have been passed down through generations.。
中国禁忌-Chinese-Taboos
• And the position of the chopsticks when holding may depends the position where your husband’s home.
Now, I will introduce some Chinese taboos from the following aspects.
Chinese Taboos
The production, essence and functions of taboos
• Taboos are some actions that be forbid.
• The source of the taboos are the instinct to the horrific things, for example the animals, and the natural calamities.
• If a people pass away, we shouldn’t say that he is die, but choose other words replace.
Taboos in language
• Chinese people always avoid the negative things when speaking.
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othing
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Eating and drinking
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Language
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Gender
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Wedding
Taboos in clothing
• People must select the clothes depend on the seasons.
英语学习资料：中国文化禁忌CulturaltaboosinChina
英语学习资料：中国文化禁忌CulturaltaboosinChina中国文化禁忌Cultural taboos in China每种文化都有其各自的禁忌，中国文化也不例外。
然而，今天大多数人却忽略了它们。
事实上，很多中国禁忌相当有趣。
这里是一张中国禁忌的清单。
Every culture has its own taboos, and Chinese people are no exception. However, most people ignore them today– and many Chinese taboos are actually rather amusing. Here is a list of taboos in China.1. Don't wear a green hat. In Chinese, the words for "wearinga green hat" sound similar to the word for "cuckold."2. Never lose your temper. Doing so represents a great loss of face and it is one of the major social taboos.3. When giving gifts always offer pairs. All good things are given in pairs and not as one piece.4. Never try to bite noodles or cut them on your birthday. This will lead to early death. A long noodle can be swallowed whole.5.Don't wash your hair on (Chinese) New Year Day because this will wash away your good luck.6. Never cry on New Year's Day - or you'll cry all year.7. Never cut anything during the Chinese New Year festivities - as doing so will cut your life short.8. Never sweep the floor on Lunar New Year's Day, for doing so will sweep away the whole year's good luck.。
中西方禁忌(Taboos between China and Western countries)
中西方禁忌（Taboos between China and Western countries）Taboo is a universal cultural phenomenon in human society, which regulates people's speech act and social communication. Around the world, there are "Customs" which require extreme attention and are punished if they do not pay attention to a certain taboo. Can cause misunderstanding, or suffer fatal disaster. Magellan was killed by aborigines on the Philippines islands because of the taboos he made against the natives. With the progress and development of society, taboo customs have precipitated rich cultural connotations. The quantity is not reduced but increased in a way. It also has distinctive cultural characteristics and strong characteristics of the times. Therefore, in intercultural communication in Chinese and western personality characteristics and main taboos, and to understand and study the taboo taboo custom can reduce cross-cultural communication may lead to misunderstanding and friction, ensuring international communication smoothly. A taboo and taboo customs of taboo is a complicated social phenomenon, English word is "taboo" ("Tabou, tower of terror"), said "no" or "suppression", which originated from the South Pacific Polynesian dialect Tonga people, the original meaning is "sacred" "be violated". In 1777, the taboo phrase was first discovered by the English navigator Cook (JamesCook) and introduced into english. There is a taboo in the early Han Dynasty in China recorded: "and to hold detainees, and taboos, mud in decimal, and any ghosts sheren." Taboo is a universal cultural phenomenon in human society, which regulates people's speech act and social communication. Around the world, there are "Customs" which require extreme attention and are punished if they do not pay attention to a certain taboo. Can cause misunderstanding, or suffer fatal disaster. Magellan waskilled by aborigines on the Philippines islands because of the taboos he made against the natives. With the progress and development of society, taboo customs have precipitated rich cultural connotations. The quantity is not reduced but increased in a way. It also has distinctive cultural characteristics and strong characteristics of the times. Therefore, in intercultural communication in Chinese and western personality characteristics and main taboos, and to understand and study the taboo taboo custom can reduce cross-cultural communication may lead to misunderstanding and friction, ensuring international communication smoothly. A taboo and taboo customs of taboo is a complicated social phenomenon, English word is "taboo" ("Tabou, tower of terror"), said "no" or "suppression", which originated from the South Pacific Polynesian dialect Tonga people, the original meaning is "sacred" "be violated". In 1777, the taboo phrase was first discovered by the English navigator Cook (JamesCook) and introduced into english. There is a taboo in the early Han Dynasty in China recorded: "and to hold detainees, and taboos, mud in decimal, and any ghosts sheren." tabooIncluding the nature, natural objects (stars, lightning) as a sacred form about their taboos and behavior; of some animals and plants taboo; worship of ancestors and gods, the gods and ancestors have symbolic relics taboo [1], also formed in interpersonal relationships in the long-term taboo customs. Freud, a famous psychologist in Austria, made a deep study of the cultural phenomenon of taboo in his book totem and taboo. In his view, Tab (taboo), in our view, it represents two different aspects of meaning. First of all, it's "mysterious", "dangerous", "forbidden", and "unclean"". The opposite of Tabin Polynesian language is "NOA", which means "popular" or "usually approachable". So, that means a taboo have been restricted or prohibited and can not touch the nature of things exist. We usually say "sacred person or thing" in meaning and has some of the same tower [2]. Generally passed through oral inheritance and social demonstration. "Taboos are almost everywhere. In the same culture,Taboos differ and differ because of regional or sub cultural differences. Taboos vary much in different cultures." [3] taboos involve speech acts, and if you do not pay attention to or disrespect each other's taboos, it is easy to hurt each other's feelings. Because of this, more people taboo communication, especially cross-cultural communication is a sort of a small obstacle. Taboo refers to violations of the expectations of the society, it not only comes from the people of some mysterious force of fear, but also contains people in the long-term accumulation of experience in the struggle with nature, and formed in interpersonal communication in the long-term social etiquette. Taboo customs vary according to nationality, society, culture, region, occasion and so on. Therefore, people must be very sensitive to taboos incross-cultural communication and have to study it. They have to pay attention to it and have to avoid it in order to communicate smoothly. Two, the taboo characteristics of Chinese and Western taboos are the common cultural phenomena of different ethnic groups in the world, but the content and form of taboos are different. Taboos, as a kind of non behavioral normative folk customs, are closely related to the cultural characteristics and traditions of the society in which taboos are based. In the course of human history, the samenation usually has a common spiritual structure, value system, psychological characteristics and behavior patterns, and it is in this common cultural background that they have a sense of belonging and identity. The dialectics of Chinese classical philosophy emphasizes the harmony and interpenetration of opposites, that is, unity in opposites, and the whole world is a unity. The book of changes uses the interaction of two opposing forces, yin and Yang, to explain the development and change of things. Chinese traditional culture emphasizes the harmony between man and nature as a whole. "Harmony" in the political field is the spring and autumn unified concept, on ethical performance for the overall situation; in terms of value, although the ancient China is private ownership, but on the relationship between individual and society still emphasize collectivism, value orientation in order to safeguard the overall interests of the. With the changes of the times, the phenomenon of taboo which reflects the patriarchal clan system and hierarchy has disappeared. But there are still taboos in appellation. The dialectics of western philosophy is similar to the dialectics of Chinese classical philosophy. Heraclitus, an ancient Greek philosopher, also believes that the world is a harmonious unity. However, the 14 sixteenth Century European Renaissance and religious reform is like a star in the night of seventeenth Century; Newton and other scientists reveal the secrets of the universe, inductive reasoning observation, Bacon advocated the scientific research as the hard facts; eighteenth Century cultural enlightenment movement swept Europe and the United States, national independence, democracy and Republic, within the in the 21st century, "the world is a philosophy in the unity of opposites", the pursuit of "freedom and equality" and "civil rights, thepeople" concept and "individual struggle" in the western society is deeply rooted in the hearts of "individual standard" consciousness as the mainstream consciousness. For the pursuit of freedom and human rights, the concept of "privacy" (Privacy) in personal life is extremely developed, and privacy has become an important content of taboos. In this colorful folk culture, some factors vary from culture to culture, western culture is likely to be highly appreciated from the Chinese culture, and Chinese culture of "bad habits" may be as unalterable principles in western culture. Some topics are popular in Chinese culture, but in Western cultures it may constitute a violation of privacy. "When in Rome, do as the Romans do" is a must. Three, the taboos of Chinese and western social taboos mainly exist in all aspects of human social interaction. Chinese and Western English speaking countries have different social taboos because of different cultural backgrounds, cultural traditions, religious beliefs and different hierarchical concepts. 1. self esteem and privacy incross-cultural communication, involving Chinese self-esteem or "face" and Westerners privacy issues is absolutely not openly asked, otherwise it will be regarded as rude and disrespectful. The Chinese people pay most attention to "face"". In Chinese culture, "face" is a symbol of status, identity, honor and self-respect. Chinese saying "don't hit the face,Don't speak Jieduan, Chinese the biggest taboo is related to personal dignity "weaknesses" and "pain" and "shortcomings" "wrong" and so on. Chinese people are good at face, criticism can not be mentioned directly, but should be expressed in a tactful way. No evil human nature concept in China. For the personality cultivation of the heart should be mature and timesof day. Instead of trying hard to improve one's own character, but to pay attention to the faults of others, just as a stone hits his own foot, society will come to the concept of "disgrace" and so on。
中国禁忌英语作文
The Subtleties of Chinese Culture: ExploringTaboos in EnglishThe rich tapestry of Chinese culture, intricate andmulti-faceted, is often adorned with threads of taboos that weave their way through everyday life. These taboos, often deeply rooted in history, tradition, and superstition, play a significant role in shaping social norms and interactions. As China increasingly engages with the global community, understanding these taboos becomes crucial for effective cross-cultural communication.One of the most prominent taboos in Chinese culture is the avoidance of discussing death, illness, and other unpleasantries. This is not out of disrespect or lack of empathy, but a cultural norm that reflects a deep-seated belief in the importance of maintaining harmony and positivity. When discussing such topics, it is customary to use euphemisms or indirect language to avoid directly mentioning the unpleasant details. For instance, the phrase "going to a better place" is often used instead of "dying," and "falling ill" is preferred over "becoming sick."Another taboopertains to the number four, which is widely considered unlucky in Chinese culture. This beliefis attributed to the homophony between the word "four" and the word for "death" in Chinese. Consequently, many buildings, especially hospitals and hotels, skip the fourth floor entirely, labeling it as the fifth floor instead. Similarly, gifts that come in sets of four are often avoided, as they are associated with bad luck.Respect for elders is another crucial taboo in Chinese culture. Elders are held in high esteem, and their wordsand advice are considered wisdom. It is considered disrespectful to argue with or contradict an elder, especially in public. Moreover, it is customary to address elders using respectful titles and avoid using informal or familiar language.In the realm of food, there are also numerous taboos. For instance, it is considered unlucky to serve fish withits head pointing towards the elderly, as it is believed to symbolize someone "going over the hill" or dying. Similarly, it is avoided to serve chicken dishes with the head andfeet intact, as they are associated with death and misfortune.The Chinese also have strong taboos regarding personal space and privacy. It is considered impolite to stare at others, especially in public, and it is customary to maintain a certain level of distance when interacting with others. Personal information, such as age, marital status, and income, is considered private and should not be disclosed unless explicitly asked by the other person.Understanding these taboos is crucial for effective communication and cultural exchange between China and the rest of the world. By respecting these cultural norms, we can foster a deeper understanding and appreciation of Chinese culture, and promote harmonious interactions between people of different cultures.**中国禁忌的微妙之处：英文探索**中国文化的丰富多样性，就像一幅精心织就的挂毯，其中穿插着禁忌的线索，这些禁忌在日常生活中扮演着重要角色。
Taboos in China(完整)
Reading card 4：Taboos in ChinaCultural Taboos in ChinaForeigners are not expected to know all of these things the minute they step off the plane and will be given great latitude, however your knowledge of what is not acceptable can make your transition to life in China much smoother.If you want someone to come to you, don’t wave them over with an upturned finger. This is impolite. Wave them over with your fingers turned down, as if they were sweeping something toward you. The same motion is used whenhailing a cab.When using a toothpick in public, cover your mouth with your hand.When eating with a group, if there is a dish everyone is sharing (which is customary), do not use your chopsticks or the spoon you are eating with to dish your food. Use the serving spoon to dish into your bowl or plate and then use your spoon or chopsticks to eat.If someone gives you a present, it’s best not to open it in front of them.When someone gives a business card to you, do not stick it in your hip pocket. Also, don’t stick it in your wallet and then put your wallet in your hip pocket. You would be symbolically stating that you want to sit on them! Putting a business card in your wallet and them placing the wallet in a front pocket is no problem.After eating a meal, never leave your chopsticks sticking up in the left-over rice at the bottom of your bowl. This is what people do at shrines when offering a meal to their ancestors' ghosts. Doing it in a restaurant would be a terrible curse on the proprietor.Sometimes funerals, weddings, or religious ceremonies will suddenly occupy a whole street without warning. Even though they’re blocking your way, it's not good to walk through such a gathering.When you're just getting to know someone, and it begins to rain but they don't have an umbrella, it’s bad luck to give them an umbrella to go home with – a sure omen that you’ll never see each other again.( the Chinese word for umbrella-san-sounds like the word for “to break apart”.)This is particularly important for dating couples the first few times they go out together. If you like our new friend, take the time to escort him or her with the umbrella out to the bus stop or taxi.The following gifts and/or colors are associated with death and should not be given:Clocks (giving a watch is okay)Straw sandalsA stork or craneHandkerchiefsAnything white, blue or blackLikewise, its best not to give a handkerchief as a present. Given that this is something that is used to wipe away tears, a gift of this nature is perceived to actually bring them some kind of bad fortune, IE) the cause for crying. Believe it or not, finishing everything on your plate is NOT a good thing in China. If you eat all of your meal, the Chinese will assume you did not receive enough food and are still hungry.Don't lose your temper. You can be form as long as you remain polite but to lose one's temper is an absolute loss of face.You can give away your used stuff but not as a gift, no matter how nice it is. But don’t worry, if you accidentally give an unlucky gift, the course can be set straight if the receiver gives you a coin as a token payment – then it technically becomes a purchase instead of a present.Remember when entering any home in China that you need to always take off your shoes.When sitting, do not point the bottoms of your feet to any person. Try to sit cross-legged or tuck your legs underneath you.Eating Taboos in China“A Chinese dinner host will not expect a visitor to know all the traditions associated with a Chinese meal. But the visitor who knows some of them will gain 'face' and give 'face' to his host!” Here are some basic rules that we suggest you follow:1. First of all- Where to sit? No you cannot randomly go pick the best seat, right next to a friend of your host. There is a specific order to where you can sit.2. The host sits nearest to the door. The guest of honor sits opposite. Other honorary guests sit to the left of the guest of honor.3. In China, people tend to eat together. And sometimes the Chinese host uses their chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plate. This is a sign of politeness. The appropriate thing to do would be to eat the whatever-it-is and say how yummy it is. If you feel uncomfortable with this, you can just say a polite thank you and leave the food there.4. Don’t eat a whole course; just sample everything on your plate. The re will bea lot of courses.5. Don’t eat everything on your plate, or your host may misunderstand that you haven’t have enough food. Instead leave a little bit of food on your plate.6. Never pour your own drink first. Instead make a toast, about business or friendship. Pour everyone a drink, leave no one out, or it will seem as if you forgot them.7. Don’t take the last piece of food on the platter, as it will seem as you’re greedy.8. It is impolite if the index finger points to others while holding chopsticks.9. Don’t take your chopstick and turn them into forks by poking into the food. You must use the chopstick to pick up the piece.10. If you pick up a piece with a chopstick and drop it, don’t attempt to pick up another piece instead, keep on trying.11. Don’t start playing drum with your chopsticks by tapping on your bowl with them. Beggars tap on their bowls, so this is not polite.12. Don’t use the chopsticks as tooth picks, or suck on them.13. Never stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl, since that usually is done at a funeral and is deemed extremely impolite to the host and seniors present.14. Make sure the spout of the teapot is not facing anyone. The spout should always be directed to where nobody is sitting, usually just outward from the table.15. Never try to turn a fish over and de-bone it yourself, since the separation of the fish skeleton from the lower half of the flesh will usually be performed by the host or a waiter. Superstitious people think bad luck will ensue and a fishing boat will capsize if you do so.Social taboosEvery culture has its own rules on what is acceptable and what is not. This list will detail these customs in China. There is nothing better than experiencing a culture first hand - that doesn't, however, mean that one should not take the time to read and learn about what is expected before going. This will prevent embarrassing situations, and help natives feel more comfortable around you, so that you can learn the intricacies of the culture. In addition, taking the time to read about what is expected will help you avoid getting in trouble or seriously offending someone.Addressing PeersWhen addressing someone for any reason, it is expected that you address them with their official title. If they hold a position, such as 'General', then referto them as that. If they do not, however, or if you are unaware of their position, you should refer to them as Mr./Mrs./Ms plus their last name. Don't call them by their first name unless invited to do so.How to ActEvery culture has its rules on how you are to act, and China is no different. In China, to greet someone, you nod your head, or you bow slightly. Handshakes are also common, but you should wait for your Chinese partner to initiate the motion.Don't TouchThis is common in many Asian countries, and is the direct opposite of those found in Western society. Chinese people do not enjoy being touched by strang4ers. Don't touch someone unless you absolutely have to.Respect the EldersAs a Confucian rules, the elders are to be respected in every situation by those who are younger. You should always acknowledge the elder in a group first, and show the most respect to that person.Keep Your Hands out of Your MouthPutting your hands in your mouth is considered to be vulgar in Chinese culture, and should not be done. This includes biting your nails.Notes：Latitude：纬度Cab：驾驶室Shrines：神社break apart：掰开，分开escort：护送cross-legged：盘腿drum：鼓capsize：倾覆Confucian：儒家Vulgar：庸俗Nails:指甲。
从禁忌语看中外文化差异taboo words,culture differences
ContentsAbstract (2)摘要 (2)Key words (2)关键词 (2)Introduction (2)1 Some fundamental knowledge about taboo (3)1.1 Definition of taboo (3)1.2 Origin of taboo (4)1.2.1Origin of taboo in English (4)1.2.2 Origin of taboo in Chinese (5)1.3 Reasons for the appearance of taboo (5)1.4 Social functions of taboo word (6)1.4.1 Indicating gender differences (6)1.4.2 Showing anger (6)1.4.3 Showing insult (6)1.4.4 Relieving tension (6)1.4.5 Showing affection and friendship (7)2 The similarities in Chinese and English taboos (7)2.1 Taboos on sex (7)2.2 Taboos on bodies and their effluvia (7)2.3 Taboos on illness, old and death (8)2.3.1 Taboos on illness (8)2.3.2 Taboos on old (8)2.3.3 Taboos on death (9)3 The differences between Chinese and English taboos (9)3.1 Taboos in naming and addressing (9)3.2 Taboos in Privacy (10)3.3 Taboos in religion and superstition (10)4 The development of taboos (11)4.1 The decreased taboos (11)4.2 The new taboos (12)4.3 The changed taboos (13)5 Conclusion (13)Acknowledgements (14)Bibliography (15)Culture Differences between Chinese and Western from TabooAbstract: Language never exists as an isolated object, which is always showing its different appearances in different nations, different countries and different areas all over the world together with culture. Nowadays, the information and globalization bring mankind more and more opportunities of intercultural communication in our “earth village”. To avoid misunderstandings, discomforts and embarrassments during intercultural communication, people need to get fundamental knowledge about taboos in non-native countries. Taboo speech, originating from social life, is part of social taboos. It involves many aspects in people’s daily life including taboo things, places and persons which are made untouchable or sacred by religious customs or superstition or other reasons. The article, based on studies on taboos' generalities and the background, in which they arise, as well as their cultural similarities and differences between China and the West, aims at familiarizing English learners with cross-culture background, developing their cross-cultural awareness, and avoiding unnecessary communication failures.摘要: 语言，从来不是作为一个单独的个体而存在，它在文化斑斓的外衣下以不同的面貌出现在世界上不同的民族，不同的国家，不同的地区中。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文46Cultural Taboos文化禁忌
46 Cultural Taboos<禁忌> 文化禁忌1. The speed and convenience<便利> of modern travel means that destinations<目的地>that used to take a long time to travel to<朝…旅行>can now be reached quickly and easily.Even though "faraway" countries may now seem closer thanks to<由于，多亏> air travel, they may still be different from your home country. Therefore, it is important to adapt<适应于，改善>your behavior so that you don't insult<冒犯，凌辱>or offend<得罪> the local people. The following are some fundamental<基本的> rules that will make communication easier and your trip more enjoyable.1、现代旅行的速度和便捷意味着过去需要花很长时间才能抵达的目的地现在可以又快又轻松地到达。
尽管由于可以乘坐飞机旅行，“遥远”的国家似乎更近了，但是它们也许仍然与你自己的国家有所不同。
因此，改善你的行为从而不冒犯或不得罪当地人非常重要。
以下几条基本规则将会使交际变得更容易，使你的旅行更愉快。
2. First, never raise your voice in order to make yourself understood. If you do not know the word for something in the local language, or cannot make yourself understood verbally<adv口头地，用言辞地>, try drawing a picture or pointing to an object. Remember, though, that pointing directly at a person can be highly offensive<无礼的，冒犯的>in some cultures. If you have to point something out, do so<如此做> by gesturing<做手势> towards the object, with the palm<手掌> of your hand flat<变平>, facing upward, and your fingers outstretched<伸出，扩大>. Before you travel, try learning some basic words or phrases of the local language. Most useful are those that express gratitude<感激> and politeness<有礼貌>such as words for please, thank you, and may I, as well as basic greetings<问候用语>.2、首先，千万不要为了让别人听懂你的话语而提髙嗓门高声大叫(in order to do sth. 为了做某事)。
文化禁忌
Comparison and analysis of Chinese and American cultural taboosIn modern society, international communications are playing a more and more important role, such as cultural communication, economic communication and political communication. Due to the frequent contacts, cross-cultural communication is quietly critical, but when we have communications with foreigners in real life, we will find it is very difficult to have a successful conversation. To a great extent, taboos are the most vital and sensitive elementsSimply speaking, a taboo is something forbidden by religious, law, morals or society and it is a common social phenomenon of every nation. The history of taboo dates from ancient times. Because of the helplessness of men towards the nature, people always have a psychological worship and reverence to the whole world. Under such circumstance, the taboo comes into being. In general, taboo has the quality of universal, national, and epochal features. T aboo’s contents and forms are different, although it is ubiquitous in daily life, political and economic aspects. This essay focuses on taboos of social customs, festival and religion, and the cultural mappings between Chinese and American taboos.1. Social etiquette and customs tabooIn western countries, it is necessary to make an appointment in advance, you can’t visit somebody suddenly. Once you visited suddenly, you will get great inconvenience for your friends or colleagues, their arrangements will be disturbed. At the same time, their house is a part of their privacy, so, it is impolite to visit suddenly. However China is different from America, it isn’t an infringement to visit somebody suddenly. On the contrary, some Chinese will regard it as a surprise, and the hosts will be very passionate to treat you. Although in the modern time, the Chinese people begin to make an appointment in advance in business circles, it isn’t a serious problem among common people. In addition, China and America have big difference in the visit time. Chinese people are used to arrive in advance. Don’t be late for more than 10 minutes. While in America, people are usually late for 5 to 10 minutes, because they think the master need more time to prepare. If you arrive in advance, the master will be very embarrassed.As to the content of communication, different countries have different taboos. In America, age, income, marriage, prosperity, stature and all problems concerning privacy are forbidden in chatting. Americans in flavor of individualism, so, we should pay attention to these problems when we chat with foreigners. Although Chinese are noticing privacy, they think income, age, marriage problems can be talked about. When two Chinese encounter, they usually talk about these topics. The taboos which Chinese mind are the topics about their shortcomings. Chinese don’t want to show their weakness in public. Weakness will cause embarrassment. What’s more, when foreigners are talking in public places, they are forbidden to speak loudly, especially in table manners. They think if you speak too loud, the contents you’re talking will affect others. In China, many public places are noisy. Maybe this has become aChinese characteristic.2. Festival tabooChristmas is an important festival in America. On that day, everyone will make puddings to promise a wish. But it has a taboo that you can’t stir the pudding anticlockwise, and their wishes can’t be talked open, otherwise, the wishes will not effect. In addition, on New Year's Day, Americans will invite a male friend as the first one to visit their home, because they think the people who first visit them will bring good luck to their whole family. In China, Spring Festival is the most important traditional festivals, all family members will go back home to have a gathering. During the period, it is forbidden to say “over”, "no", “death”and other negative words. In the first day of lunar year, it is a taboo to sweep trash, because Chinese think that it would let their good luck loss. What’s more, Chinese people in flavor of red color, so they usually decorate with red colors both in festival and weddings. While Americans think white color represents purity and holiness, so we can see white colors are spread over all churches. People would exchange presents during the festival period, almost every nation pays attention to reciprocity, but different nation has different customs. In America, people won’t present gifts that are too expensive. If you do, the behavior will be regarded as bribery. However, Chinese won’t give a present excessively light; it would let the receiver feel that they are despised. To some extent, sending a gift is according to the receiver’s social status. Americans pay attention to the content of gifts. They usually take flowers as a gift when having a visit. In their eyes, different gifts contain different meanings, so, we should notice these problems in case of making troubles.3. Religious tabooReligion is an important element of taboo language exists. There is a big difference between Chinese and American religion. Americans believe in Christianity. The name of God”Jehovah” is a taboo. Mention the name means blasphemy. According to the Old Testament, Christ, Jesus and some religious words only can be used in formal and solemn occasion. In their daily life, they usually use other words to replace these words. For example, they use “golly”, “gosh” to replace “God”. In China, people mainly believe in Buddhism, Islamism and Taoism, but due to the influence of Confucianism, the religious taboos are more complex. Chinese Buddhists avoid drinking, killing, and eating meat. They must be single. Islam avoid eating pork, they are not allow to drink. When we contact with religious believers, it’s very important for us to know their religious taboos well.Sapir once said; “Languag e is a guide to social reality.”Taboo, as a social cultural phenomenon, is based on deep cultural deposits. Take religious faith and political preference for example, it’s rude to ask an American these questions, but Chinese don’t care too much. These phenomenons attribute to culture. America is a nation composed of different immigrants. On the one hand, people from different countries bring different beliefs. They avoid talking about these matters in order torefrain from conflicts. On the other hand, Americans think religious belief and political preference are their own affairs; it has nothing to do with others. They separate the politics from their individual life. However, Chinese prefer to link politics to the daily life. They might ask: “Do you a party member?”because generally speaking, you are a quite good person to a great extent. Certainly, Chinese and Americans have some taboos in common.From the above analysis, we can see human have the psychology of pursuing beauty and avoid evil, but they are expressed from different forms. With the development and update of taboos, taboos will be an indispensible element of modern life. We need to keep learning and use the knowledge to effect successful cross-cultural communication and as far as possible to avoid misunderstandings.。
中国的避讳文化
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中国的避讳文化中国的避讳文化主讲人：常耀华中国的避讳文化中国的避讳文化一二三三五六中国避讳风俗之起源灵力崇拜与禁忌关于欲望的禁忌关于仪式性禁忌教训与禁忌汉语语讳：汉语语讳：独一无二的文化俗信中国的避讳文化中国的避讳文化南太平洋玻里尼西亚汤加岛人的土语中一个词语叫Tabu或Taboo，汉语译作塔一个词语叫或，汉语译作"塔塔怖"，精神分析学鼻祖佛洛伊德布"或"塔怖，精神分析学鼻祖佛洛伊德或塔怖将它定义为“某种含有被限制或被禁止将它定义为“而不可触摸等性质的东西之存在。
而不可触摸等性质的东西之存在。
”并它代表了两种不同的意义。
首先，说“它代表了两种不同的意义。
首先，崇高的’神圣的’另一方面，是‘崇高的’、‘神圣的’，另一方面，则是‘神秘的’危险的’则是‘神秘的’或‘危险的’、‘禁止不洁的’塔怖"相似的的’、‘不洁的’。
”与"塔怖相似的塔怖汉语词语有禁忌避忌、避讳、忌讳等禁忌、汉语词语有禁忌、避忌、避讳、忌讳等等。
禁忌是人类社会中具有普遍意义的一种文化现象，不同的民族有其各自不同的禁忌，化现象，不同的民族有其各自不同的禁忌，禁忌可谓每个民族形形色色的禁忌可谓是每个民族形形色色的禁忌可谓是其民族文化性格的曲折反映。
化性格的曲折反映。
中国自古就有问禁问讳的古训，初至异地，中国自古就有问禁问讳的古训，初至异地，先访问其政教风俗的禁忌，以免触犯。
先访问其政教风俗的禁忌，以免触犯。
入竟（而问禁，礼记曲礼上曲礼上》《礼记曲礼上》：“入竟（境）而问禁，入国而问俗，入门而问讳。
入国而问俗，入门而问讳。
”孟子曾对齐宣王说：“臣始至于境，问国之大孟子曾对齐宣王说：臣始至于境，然后敢入。
如果入人之境，不知避忌，禁，然后敢入。
”如果入人之境，不知避忌，就有可能如王充所说：人不忌避，就有可能如王充所说：“人不忌避，有病死之祸。
中国民俗文化—禁忌习俗 ppt课件
禁忌习俗
• 一、禁忌的界定
• “禁忌”一词来源于，国际学术界统称为 “塔布”，源于太平洋小岛波利尼西亚汤 加岛人的土语，音译为“taboo”或“Tabu”， 其基本含义是表示“神圣的”、“不洁 的”、“和危险的”、“不可接触的”。
• 行路上忌遇到殡葬，若遇上殡葬的，要将 衣帽脱下，扑打吹气，以为破解，谓之
“散晦气”。路遇过道之蛇，绝不伤害，
俗信认为蛇为土神。路上见到布袋之类的 东西不要随便拾捡，恐惹是非。
• 讲：1、路上连续看到两条蛇。。。 • 2、不踩殡葬时的纸钱，免得带晦气回家。 • 3、四七不出门
禁忌习俗禁忌一词来源于国际学术界统称为塔布源于太平洋小岛波利尼西亚汤加岛人的土语音译为taboo或tabu其基本含义是表示神圣的不洁的和危险的不可接触一是对受尊敬的神物不许随便使用因为这种神物具有神圣或圣洁的性质随便使用是一种亵渎行为
中国的民俗文化
——禁忌习俗
XX院XX级XX班 XX
• 民俗
• “十里不同风，百里不同俗”，在我国， 各民族、各地区都有千姿百态的民俗。
• 民俗是民间记忆的载体，反映了普通民众 在历史长河中不断发展、变化的生产、生 活情境以及蕴含在其中的精神与情感，是 中国传统文化的重要组成部分。
民俗文化
• 民俗文化是在共同区域、共同历史的作用 下形成的积久成习的文化传统。
• 这种民族的、时代的文化既有物质的标识、 制度的规范，又有具体的社会行为和风尚 习俗，是民族心理的外部表现，他在长期 的历史发展过场中积淀下来，成为代代相 承的民众贯习。
• 五、出行禁忌
• 一般出行前要礼敬日神、月神、天神、路 神、龙王爷等，以求的神灵的保佑，出门 在外一路顺风，旅途顺心。否则必定招致 灾祸，俗语有云：“在家不敬月，出门招 风雪”。
禁忌与中国文化
禁忌与中国文化“禁忌”这个词，国际学术界统称为“塔布”（Taboo或者Tabu），原本是太平洋波里尼西亚汤加岛上的土语，表示的是“神圣的”和“不可接触”的意义。
波里尼西亚汤加岛人信仰和崇拜一种他们称之为“玛那”（Mana）的神奇力量。
他们相信凡是具有玛纳力量的人或者物都是危（wei）险的，不可接触的，都是“塔布“。
酋长、头人、巫师、祭司等人物，举行宗教仪式的场所，被认为有神灵居住的圣地，为神灵使用的圣物，以及某些鸟兽草木和食物都被视为具有玛纳，于是皆为塔布。
人在非常的时候（如出征打仗是、打猎时、妊娠期、月经期）也被视为由塔布。
禁忌决不只是太平洋群岛才有，迄今所知世界上所有的民族无不具有禁忌。
它是一种历史悠久且极其复杂的民间社会文化现象，特别是当一些远古的宗教禁忌世俗文化为生活习惯之后，更是渗透到人们生活的方方面面。
同时，人们还在不断创造禁忌，以求通过自我的抑制，来达到祈福避邪及生活更为顺利的目的。
总之，每一个社会成员一生中都要受到这样或者那样一些禁忌的约束。
禁忌现在已成为人类学、宗教学以及社会语言学通用词语，并且是这些学科中颇为重要的一个领域。
在我国，禁忌也成为研究的一个热点，译著和专著频频出版，如弗洛伊德的《图腾与禁忌》（中国民间文艺出版社1988年半）、赵建伟的《人世的“禁区”----中国古代禁忌风俗》（陕西人民出版社1988年版）、任骋的《中国民间禁忌》（作家出版社1990年版）（page 3-4）(1)禁忌是一种否定性的行为规范。
在常态下，禁忌系统在整个民俗文化体系中是一种无外在行为表现的心意民俗形态。
“无论是远古时代由于神圣、不洁观念或者图腾崇拜、灵物崇拜、鬼神崇拜而带来的恐怖，还是后世吉凶祸福观念带来的忧患，其反映在心理上都凝集为一个忌字。
忌时心意上的，精神上的东西。
这种‘禁止的’和‘抑制的’的行为，在外观形态上通常也是无所表现的。
”固然，“无所表现”亦是一种表现，“禁止”的行为亦是一种行为。
中国的文化禁忌英语作文200词
中国的文化禁忌英语作文200词全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Chinese Cultural TaboosHey guys, today I want to talk about some cultural taboos in China. In China, there are some things that we shouldn't do because they are considered disrespectful or unlucky. Let's learn about them together!First, let's talk about the number four. In Chinese culture, the number four sounds like the word for "death" in Chinese. So, people believe that the number four brings bad luck. That's why many buildings in China skip the fourth floor or avoid using the number four in phone numbers or license plates.Second, let's talk about giving clocks as gifts. In Chinese culture, giving someone a clock as a gift is considered bad luck because the phrase "giving a clock" sounds like "attending a funeral" in Chinese. So, it's better to avoid giving clocks as gifts to your Chinese friends or family members.Next, let's talk about chopsticks. When using chopsticks, it's important to remember not to stick them upright in a bowl of rice. This is because it resembles the incense sticks that are burned at funerals. It's also considered disrespectful to pass food from chopstick to chopstick because it reminds people of a funeral custom.Lastly, let's talk about the color white. In Chinese culture, the color white is associated with death and mourning. That's why it's better to avoid wearing white to joyful occasions like weddings or festivals. Instead, it's better to choose bright and colorful clothes to bring good luck and happiness.So, guys, remember these cultural taboos when you are in China or interacting with Chinese people. Let's respect their culture and traditions!篇2Title: Cultural Taboos in ChinaHey guys! Today, I want to talk about some cultural taboos in China. Do you know what taboos are? Well, they are things that you should avoid doing or saying because they are considered disrespectful or rude in a particular culture. Let's dive into some of the taboos in China!First of all, one major taboo in China is touching someone's head. In Chinese culture, the head is considered the most sacred part of the body, so touching or patting someone's head is seen as disrespectful. So remember, never touch anyone's head in China!Another taboo is giving gifts in sets of four. In Chinese culture, the number four is considered unlucky because it sounds like the word for "death" in Chinese. So, giving gifts in sets of four is a big no-no in China. Stick to sets of six or eight instead!Oh, and don't forget to never point your finger at someone in China. Pointing is considered impolite and rude in Chinese culture. If you need to gesture, use your whole hand or just nod in the direction you are talking about.Lastly, never stick your chopsticks upright in your bowl of rice. This is a superstition in China that is associated with death and funerals. It is better to lay your chopsticks flat on your plate or bowl when you are not using them.So, there you have it, some important cultural taboos to remember when in China. Respect and understanding of other cultures are key to building strong relationships and friendships. Let's all strive to be mindful of these taboos and be respectful of Chinese culture. Thanks for listening, guys! Bye-bye!篇3Chinese Cultural TaboosHi guys! Today I want to talk about some interesting things about Chinese culture - cultural taboos! Do you know what cultural taboos are? They are certain things that Chinese people believe are bad luck or disrespectful. Let's check them out!1. Never stick your chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice. This is a big no-no in China because it looks like the incense sticks that are used at funerals.2. Don't gift clocks or anything in sets of four. In Chinese, the pronunciation of the word 'four' sounds like 'death', so it is considered unlucky.3. Avoid giving umbrellas as gifts. The word for umbrella in Chinese sounds like 'break up', so it is believed to bring bad luck to relationships.4. Don't whistle at night. It is believed that whistling at night will bring bad luck or attract ghosts and spirits.5. Never point at the moon with your finger. In Chinese culture, the moon is considered a sacred object, so pointing at it is disrespectful.6. Don't write someone's name in red ink. In China, writing someone's name in red ink is associated with death and is considered very unlucky.7. Avoid mentioning the number '250'. In Chinese, the number '250' sounds like 'idiot', so it is impolite to use it to describe someone.Remember these cultural taboos when you are in China or interacting with Chinese people. It's always good to respect and appreciate different cultures!篇4Chinese Culture TaboosHey guys, today let’s talk about some interesting stuff in Chinese culture – taboos! Taboos are things that Chinese people believe are bad luck or disrespectful to do. It’s important to know these taboos so you don’t accidentally offend someone. Let’s learn more about them!1. Don’t stick your chopsticks upright in y our rice! This is a big no-no because it looks like the incense sticks that are used at funerals. It’s considered bad luck and disrespectful to the deceased.2. Don’t point at people with your chopsticks! This is seen as rude and aggressive. Instead, use your hand to gesture or point.3. Don’t write someone’s name in red ink! In Chinese culture, writing someone’s name in red ink is believed to bring bad luck and symbolize death. So, always use black ink when writing names.4. Don’t give clocks as gifts! The Chinese word for “clock” sounds like the word for “funeral” in Chinese. Giving someone a clock as a gift is like wishing them bad luck or death.5. Don’t talk about ghosts at night! Chinese people believe that talking about ghosts at night will attract them and bring bad luck. So, save those spooky stories for daytime.Remember, respecting other people’s culture is super important. So, be mindful of these taboos when you’re in China or around Chinese people. Let’s all have fun learning about different cultures!篇5Title: Chinese Cultural TaboosHello everyone! Today I want to talk about some interesting things about Chinese culture. Do you know that there are some things that Chinese people believe are important to follow? These are called cultural taboos.The first taboo is about giving gifts. In China, it is not polite to give a clock as a gift because it sounds like the word for "funeral" in Chinese. Instead, it is better to give something like fruit or tea. Also, it is important to never give a gift that is too expensive because it could make the other person feel uncomfortable.The second taboo is about chopsticks. Did you know that it is considered rude to stick your chopsticks straight up in a bowl of rice? This is because it looks like the incense sticks that are used at funerals. Instead, it is better to place your chopsticks on a chopstick rest or on the edge of your plate.Another cultural taboo in China is to never point at someone with your finger. In Chinese culture, it is considered impolite and disrespectful. If you need to point at something, it is better to use your whole hand or gesture with your chin.Lastly, it is important to always respect your elders in Chinese culture. This means listening to them, being polite, andnever talking back. In China, family and respect for elders are very important.So, let's remember these cultural taboos and show respect when interacting with Chinese people. Thank you for listening!篇6China has a lot of cultural taboos that everyone should know about. Today, let's talk about some of these taboos in a fun and easy way!First of all, let's talk about the color white. In China, white is the color of mourning and funerals, so it's not a good idea to wear white clothes or give white gifts. If you want to stay away from bad luck, it's better to avoid white!Next, let's talk about chopsticks. It's a big no-no to stick your chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice, because it looks like incense sticks at a funeral. It's also rude to point at people with your chopsticks or pass food from chopsticks to chopsticks, because these actions are associated with death.Another taboo in China is giving clocks as gifts. The Chinese words for "giving clocks" sound like "attending a funeral," so clocks are considered bad luck. Instead of giving someone aclock, it's better to choose a different gift to show your appreciation.Lastly, let's talk about shoes. It's important to take off your shoes before entering someone's home in China, because wearing shoes inside is seen as disrespectful. Also, never give someone a pair of shoes as a gift, because it's believed to bring bad luck and symbolize sending someone away.So remember, be mindful of these cultural taboos when you're in China. It's important to respect and understand the customs of the country you're visiting. Let's all be cultural savvy and avoid any awkward situations!篇7Title: Chinese Culture TaboosHey guys, have you ever heard of Chinese culture taboos? Well, today I'm gonna tell you all about it!In China, there are some things you should avoid doing because they are considered bad luck or disrespectful. One of the big taboos is giving someone a clock as a gift. This is because the word for "clock" sounds like the word for "death" in Chinese.So if you give someone a clock, it's like you're wishing them bad luck!Another taboo is sticking your chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice. This is something you should never do because it looks like the incense sticks that are used at funerals. It's seen as a sign of death and is very disrespectful.Also, you should never point your finger at someone in China. It's considered impolite and rude. Instead, use your hand to gesture or point with an open palm.In Chinese culture, the number "4" is also seen as unlucky because it sounds like the word for "death" in Chinese. So you should try to avoid the number 4 whenever you can.There are many more taboos in Chinese culture, but these are just a few examples. It's important to be respectful and mindful of these taboos when you're in China so you don't accidentally offend someone.That's all for today! Thanks for listening and be sure to remember these taboos if you ever visit China. Bye!篇8Title: Chinese Cultural TaboosHey guys, do you know there are some things you shouldn't do in Chinese culture? Let me tell you about some of the taboos in China.First, in China, it's not polite to point at someone with your finger. Instead, you should use your whole hand to gesture or nod in their direction. It's considered rude to point directly at someone.Second, when you're giving a gift in China, you should avoid wrapping it in white or black paper. These colors are associated with funerals and are considered bad luck. It's better to use red or other bright colors when wrapping gifts.Next, in Chinese culture, it's important to respect your elders. You should always address them with proper titles and show them deference and respect. It's also important to avoid speaking loudly or arguing with older people.Another taboo in China is not to discuss sensitive topics, such as politics or religion, in public. These topics can be controversial and may offend others. It's best to avoid these discussions in social settings.Lastly, when you're dining in China, there are some rules to follow. Never stick your chopsticks upright in a bowl of rice, asthis resembles the incense sticks used at funerals. Also, don't tap your chopsticks on the edge of your bowl, as this is considered bad luck.So, remember these cultural taboos when you're in China and show respect for the traditions and customs of the country. It's important to be aware of these taboos to avoid unintentionally offending someone. Let's all be respectful and understanding of different cultures!篇9In China, there are some cultural taboos that we should be aware of. It's important to respect these traditions and customs to show respect to the Chinese culture.One of the biggest taboos in China is talking about sensitive topics such as politics or religion. It's best to avoid these topics in conversation as they can lead to arguments or misunderstandings. It's also important to be respectful when discussing these topics and not to offend anyone.Another cultural taboo in China is touching someone's head. In Chinese culture, the head is considered the most sacred part of the body and it's disrespectful to touch someone's headwithout permission. It's best to avoid any physical contact with someone's head to show respect.In Chinese culture, it's also important to avoid the number four as it is considered unlucky. The number four in Chinese sounds like the word for 'death', so it's best to avoid using or talking about the number four. Instead, it's better to use other numbers or avoid mentioning the number four altogether.Overall, it's important to be respectful of Chinese culture and traditions when visiting or interacting with Chinese people. By following these cultural taboos, we can show respect and appreciation for the Chinese culture. Let's all be mindful of these traditions and customs to promote harmony and understanding between cultures.篇10In China, there are lots of cultural taboos that we need to follow. These rules have been passed down from generation to generation, and it's important for us to respect them. If we don't follow these taboos, we might offend someone or bring bad luck to ourselves.One of the most important cultural taboos in China is not to point at people with your finger. It is considered impolite anddisrespectful to point at someone, so we should always use our hand or nod our head to gesture towards someone instead.Another taboo is not to talk about death or anything related to it. In Chinese culture, talking about death is seen as bad luck and it is believed that it can bring misfortune to the person you are talking to.We should also avoid giving clocks or umbrellas as gifts in China. Clocks are associated with death and funerals, while umbrellas are linked to the idea of splitting up or parting ways. It's best to choose a different gift to avoid any negative connotations.In addition, we should never step on someone's shadow in China. It is believed that stepping on someone's shadow is disrespectful and can bring bad luck to both parties involved.Overall, it's important for us to be aware of these cultural taboos in China and respect them. By following these rules, we can show our respect for Chinese culture and avoid causing any unintentional offense.。
中国传统文化中的禁忌
中国传统文化中的禁忌中国传统文化丰富多样，其中不乏一些禁忌，这些禁忌历史悠久，深深植根于人们的生活中，起到了规范和约束的作用。
本文将探讨中国传统文化中的一些禁忌，并解析它们背后的文化内涵。
1. 四大吉祥.中国文化中的四大吉祥是“福、禄、寿、喜”。
福是指幸福、禄是财富与地位、寿是长寿与健康、喜是喜庆与幸福。
这四个字在中国人的日常生活中极为重要，人们希望能够得到这些好运和福祉。
因此，中国人在庆祝喜事或过节时会用到这四个字，但在悼念或祭祀亡灵时则避免使用。
这是因为福的反音与福相同，而禄、寿、喜的发音与离别相似，因此使用这些字会带来对逝者不敬的负面暗示。
2. 四通八达.中国传统文化中有一个禁忌是避免在庆祝或祭祀的场合中使用“四通八达”的说法。
四通八达的意思是方方面面都通达，事事顺利。
然而，这个禁忌的起源与中国的风水学有关。
在风水学中，“四通”和“发通”谐音，而“发通”是宣布人的死亡的一种传统用语。
因此，使用“四通八达”一词可能会给人带来糟糕的联想，因此在庆祝或祭祀的场合中应避免使用。
3. 死亡相关.死亡在中国传统文化中被视为一个令人不安的话题。
因此，中国人在日常社交中往往避免使用与死亡相关的词语。
例如，避免用“死”、“去世”等词来形容逝者的离世。
相反，人们更倾向于使用“仙逝”、“离去”等委婉的方式来表达。
这是出于对逝者的尊重，同时也是中国传统文化中关于生死的一种思考。
4. 四书五经.在中国传统文化中，“四书五经”是指《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》以及《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《周易》和《春秋》等经典著作。
这些经典被视为中国传统文化的瑰宝，因此人们对它们极为尊崇。
然而，由于道教的影响，一些人认为在特殊场合读书是不吉利的。
因此，在庆祝活动或家庭聚会中人们往往避免读经书。
5. 饮食禁忌.中国传统文化中有许多与饮食相关的禁忌，其中包括避免吃动物的禁忌，如猫、狗等家养宠物。
这是因为在中国的文化中，猫咪和狗狗被视为家庭的伙伴，人们并不习惯将其作为食物。
TheTaboosinChineseandWesternCulture中西方文化禁忌
中西方文化禁忌The Taboos in Chinese and Western CultureAcknowledgementsFirst and foremost, my appreciation goes to my affectionate parents, and the rest of my family. Throughout the development of this paper, they have been there always giving me continuous support, encouragement and understanding. Their love and support encourage me to pursue progress all the time.I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to all other teachers who gave me lectures during the past four academic years. I have benefited so much not only from their courses and lectures but also from their constant encouragement.Finally, my deepest gratitude and respect go to my supervisor, Zhong Liping. It is for his constant encouragement, critical instructions, his great care and precious advice and suggestions that this paper appears in the present form.AbstractWith the development of economic globalization and China's Reform and Opening up, the connection between China and western countries are Increasingly close. And the communication and collisions between the Chinese and western culture also appear in each person's life. This thesis mainly introduced the Chinese and western cultural taboo from the definition of taboo to origin, then to the differences between Chinese and western cultural taboos, and finally research how to avoid touching these taboo in daily communication. This thesis involves these taboos of name, address, gender, race, religion, superstition and other espects relate to our life.And through these research readers will not touched others‘ taboo and even influence people‘s relationship in communication.Key words:Chinese and western; taboo; definition; origin of taboo; species of taboo; details of taboo; how to avoid touching taboo随着经济全球化的发展和中国对外开放程度的加深，中国和西方国家的联系也日益密切起来，中西方文化之间的交流和碰撞也出现在了每个人的生活中。
中英文化的信仰和禁忌作文
中英文化的信仰和禁忌作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
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中国餐桌文化 禁忌taboos 英文
1.hoard [hɔ:d] vt. 贮藏
3、related to food
1. It is impolite to hoard a dish.
2.linger ['liŋɡə] vi. 徘徊
2. Do not take the last piece of food on the serving platter. It's considered bad luck, shows your greed, and seems you are too hungry to take the piece of a dish.
4.Ring finger 无名指
5.Little finger 小指 6. censure['senʃə] vi. 谴责，责备
Chopsticks are not used to move bowls or plates.
Chopsticks are not used to toy with one's food or with dishes in common. Treat chopsticks as extension of your fingers. It is impolite to use them to point at other people or to wave chopsticks around. Immortal Guiding (Chinese: 仙人指路)： “Immortal Guiding” means that one uses the thumb, middle finger, ring finger and little finger to hold the chopsticks, but points the index finger to the others. Because the index finger is the finger for meal, using this finger to point to the others stands for censure. Even worse is to use the four fingers except middle finger to hold the chopsticks and to use the middle finger to point.
中国禁忌文化研究
第十章禁忌文化学习导读：禁忌，是各民族普遍存在的一种文化现象。
它存在于各民族的生活当中，衣食住行，婚丧嫁娶。
娱乐游戏都存在禁忌。
禁忌，还是一种历史悠久的传统文化现象。
从远古直至今天，禁忌的观念在人们的灵魂中始终都未完全退出，即便在科技高度发达的今天，禁忌还是象幽灵一样游荡在许多人的脑海里，从都市到农村，从有文化的到没文化的，从高官到平民，从白领丽人到打工仔，从耄耋老人到年轻后生，都无不存在禁忌。
可以这么说，哪里有人群，哪里就有禁忌。
随着新的社会文化的交流，新的禁忌又在不断的产生。
旅游是一种民族间的交流，是一种地域间的交流，了解各地，各民族的禁忌，对推动旅游业的健康发展具有极其重要的作用。
第一节禁忌的由来1.什么是禁忌禁忌，在民俗学中称为“塔布”（英语tabu或tadoo的音译）其意是为了避免招致惩罚和危险，而在观念、语言和行为上对人们的约束。
在汉语中，“禁忌”一词早在汉代典籍中就已经出现。
“臣生长草野，不晓禁忌，披露肝胆，书不择言。
”（《后汉书·朗频传》）“禁”就是禁止、限制；“忌”就是忌讳，也就是因害怕或厌恶而对某些言语、行为有所顾忌。
在“禁忌”这个合成词中，偏重的是“忌”。
“入境而问禁，入国而问俗，入门而问讳。
”（《礼记、曲礼》）可见在当时“禁”指的是在法律意义上的社会限制形式，更多的在于对他人的限制，而“讳”（忌）则是属于民间的一种抑制自我的习惯。
实际的情况是先有“忌”，而后“禁”。
禁忌，是属于风俗习惯中的一种观念，它与法律和道德意义上的“禁止”是不一样的。
法律、道德意义上的“禁止”是意志上的强加和观念上的强求，而禁忌是一种自觉自愿的自我抑制，他是建立在共同信仰的基础之上的。
法律、道德意义上的禁令来自于统治阶级，是社会的禁制形态，禁忌则是普遍存在于民间的，是民间在自然状态下的自我禁制形态。
禁忌代表了一个民族约定俗成的禁约力量，是一种心理意愿上的自我限制。
2、禁忌的由来关于禁忌的由来，佛洛依德在《图腾与禁忌》一书中归结为三个方面：灵力、欲望、仪式。
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中国文化禁忌
C u l t u r a l t a b o o s
i n C h i n a
中国文化禁忌Cultural taboos in China
每种文化都有其各自的禁忌，中国文化也不例外。
然而，今天大多数人却忽略了它们。
事实上，很多中国禁忌相当有趣。
这里是一张中国禁忌的清单。
Every culture has its own taboos, and Chinese people are no exception. However, most people ignore them today– and many Chinese taboos are actually rather amusing. Here is a list of taboos
in China.
1. Don't wear a green hat. In Chinese, the words
for "wearing a green hat" sound similar to the word for "cuckold."
2. Never lose your temper. Doing so represents a great loss of face and it is one of the major
social taboos.
3. When giving gifts always offer pairs. All good things are given in pairs and not as one piece.
4. Never try to bite noodles or cut them on your birthday. This will lead to early death. A long noodle can be swallowed whole.
5.Don't wash your hair on (Chinese) New Year Day because this will wash away your good luck.
6. Never cry on New Year's Day - or you'll cry all year.
7. Never cut anything during the Chinese New Year festivities - as doing so will cut your life short.
8. Never sweep the floor on Lunar New Year's Day, for doing so will sweep away the whole year's good luck.
9. Don't offer an umbrella to a friend. The word for umbrella (伞, sǎn) sounds similar to (散sàn), to break up, and the gesture could be interpreted as meaning that you don't want to see your friend again.
10. Never share a pear, especially with friends, family members or lovers. "分梨 fen li"(share a pear) sounds the same as "分离 fen li"(parting).。