高考英语情态动词专题训练100题含答案

高考英语情态动词专题训练100题含答案
1.
—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him.
—His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far.
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. wouldn’t
D. can’t
2.
—It’s really great to have a co mputer to store my photos.
—Don’t count on it too much. It ________ break down and you’d better make a copy of them.
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. will
3.
It is really cold and the ground is wet; it have rained last night.
A. might
B. must
C. can
D. should
4.
He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes.
A. shall
B. should
C. can
D. must
5.
The room is so clean. He ____have cleaned it yesterday evening.
A. will
B. need
C. can
D. must
6.
---It’s really great to have a computer to store my photos.
---Don’t count on it too much. It____break down and you’d better make a copy of them.
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. will
7.
Keep up your spirits even if you _____ fail hundreds of times.
A. must
B. need
C. may
D. should
8.
If you leave within 15 minutes, you________ park your car at the roadside temporarily.
A. would
B. should
C. must
D. can
9.
—So touching a story！ Love is all-powerful.
—Yes. love exists，there are miracles.
A. Unless
B. If
C. Where
D. While
10.
Hang a wet towel in your hotel room —— because of climate-controlled rooms and windows that don’t open, the air _________ be very dry.
A. must
B. can
C. shall
D. need
11.
The society can remain good as long as we are willing to fight for it—and to fight against whatever imperfections ________ exist.
A. shall
B. may
C. should
D. would
12.
— How did you do in the test?
— Just ok. It ______ worse!
A. could have been
B. could be
C. would have been
D. might be
13.
Why ________ you choose to work in a remote village school when you can own a respectable job in a city?
A. need
B. should
C. must
D. will
14.
—I don’t really like Tom. Why did you invite him?
—Don’t worry. He come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.
A．must not B．need not C．would not D．might not 15.
The accident which left 15 people on board dead if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.
A. should have avoided
B. should be avoided
C. could have avoided
D. could have been avoided
16.
I can’t understand why he ________ so angry. I meant no offence.
It’s typical of him to be so sensitive.
A. must have been
B. should have been
C. might have been
D. can have been
17.
Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago．
A. would have been
B. might have been
C. shouldn't have been
D. couldn't have been
18.
It has been announced that all the candidates ___________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A. shall
B. could
C. would
D. ought
19.
--- Where will you start your work after graduation?
--- Mum, it’s not been decided yet. I ______ continue my study for a higher degree.
A. need
B. must
C. would
D. might
20.
Hope there will be an end to the trade war between China and the US.
Indeed, otherwise both sides _________ a lot.
A. must suffer
B. were to suffer
C. suffered
D. would suffer
21.
We'll make the final decision on our scheme. change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.
A. Should
B. You should
C. Would you
D. You would
22.
Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that___ possible just a few years ago.
A. would have been
B. might have been
C. shouldn’t have been
D. couldn’t have been
23.
－ What does the sign over there read?
－“No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”
A. will
B. shall
C. may
D. must
24.
—It’s already 11 o’clock , and he ______ have been here half an hour ago.
—Maybe he got caught in the rain.
A. must
B. ought to
C. may
D. can
25.
English is a language that many young people around the world ________ not speak perfectly but at least ________ understand.
A. may; can
B. would; might
C. will; must
D. could; might
26.
Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”
A. could have been rewarded
B. must have been rewarded
C. should be rewarded
D. need have been rewarded
27.
—Tony _______ what I did annoying though he didn’t say anything.
—So you think you will have to make an apology?
A. could find
B. should have found
C. might find
D. must have found
28.
The delay in diagnosis often leads to worse health issues that _______ potentially preventable if they had been given the access in the country where they were working.
A. could have been
B. should have been
C. must have been
D. need have been
29.
—It’s already 11 o’clock , and he ______ have been here half an hour ago.
—Maybe he got caught in the rain.
A．must B．ought to
C．may D．can
30.
---Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?
---No, we____ it, but we spent too much time shopping．
A. could have visited
B. must have visited
C. can't have visited
D. shouldn't have visited
31.
The device runs off a kind of battery that can______________ by USB within 2 hours and lasts for
a few days with normal use.
A. be charged
B. charge
C. be connected
D. connect
32.
It seems strange that the old man _____ have returned to college to finish the degree he left
undone four decades ago.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
33.
I just mean to give you a hand How come you believe I attempt to obtain something from you? I’m really sorry you think that way!
A. could
B.mtght
C.should
D. need
34.
- Mum，I look forward to having an IPhone X for my birthday -Well,you have one if you perform, well in this exam. I mean it!
A. must
B. should
C.shall
D.might
35.
The little girl the operation last week had it not been for the denations from society.
A.couldn't have recced
B. couldn't receive
C. shouldn't have received
D. wouldn't receive
36.
As a keen netizen, she thinks there ________ be better ways for the government to deal with the Internet cafes rather than to shut them down.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
37.
The school has made it a rule that no students carrying cell phones be allowed to enter the campus.
A. must
B. would
C. shall need
38.
In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company. A. can B. need
C. must
D. should
39.
—I can’t think why he ______ so angry. I meant no offence.
—It’s t ypical of him to be sensitive.
A. must have been
B. should have been
C. might have been
D. can have been
40.
Never ______ forget that poem and the inspiration ______ provided for my first novel.
A. can I; which
B. will I; that
C. shall I; it
D. must I; what
41.
She knew she was wrong, but she ________ tell him.
A. dare not to
B. dare
C. dares not
D. dared not
42.
--- I can’t think why he_____ so angry.1 meant no offence.
---It’s typical of him to be sensitive.
A. should have been
B. must have been
C. might have been
D. can have been
43.
— Has he finished his homework?
— He ______, for he is enjoying his favourite album.
A. must have
B. can have
C. must
D. can
44.
Claire's car wasn't there, so she ______ have gone to her mother's.
A. would
B. should
C. can
D. must
45.
--- I went to the ticket office, but the tickets had been sold out already.
--- You could have yourself an unnecessary trip by phoning in advance.
A． prevented B． made
C． enjoyed D． spared
46.
—Why, my new computer is rubbish! Five hours has passed and it still hasn’t finished the downloading.
—Don’t worry. You know, sometimes the Internet ________ be very slow.
A． can B． may
C． should D． must
47.
According to the school rule, no child be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.
A. should
B. must
C. shall
D. can
48.
But for the survival instinct that nearly all creatures have，more species from the earth.
A. could disappear
B. might have disappeared
C.should disappear
D. will have disappeared
49.
You _____ something great, otherwise you wouldn't have got the promotion.
A. should do
B. must do
C. should have done
D. must have done
50.
As a teen, I think we learn to take good care of ourselves in life.
A. may
B. must
C. needn’t
51.
—What is your impression of your former colleague Nick?
—He’s helpful, and he ________ give us a hand at work.
A. must
B. would
C. may
D. should
52.
—Did Max go to the concert with his family yesterday?
—The report scheduled to be handed in tomorrow, he _______ it.
A. couldn’t have attended
B. needn’t have attended
C. wouldn’t attend
D. shouldn’t attend
53.
Come here, Mary. If you stand at this angle, you ______ just see the sunset.
A. must
B. need
C. can
D. should
54.
So much homework lo be done at the weekend, we attend classes at school.
A. might as well
B. mustn’t
C. may well
D. have to
55.
---What a pity! George ____well quit the trip to Hangzhou.
---Let me phone him for his final decision.
A. can
B. must
C. shall
D. may
56.
—I had my computer stolen in my office, but luckily the police got it back to me.
—How unbelievable! The thief it.
A. need have sold
B. might have sold
C. should have sold
D. must have sold
57.
Instead of making choices for their children, liberal parents usually say, “Go where you.”
A. will
B. should
C. can
D. must
58.
I can’t thank you _____much, because without your help I _____ have won the first place.
A. too; wouldn’t
B. very; shouldn’t
C. that; might not
D. so; couldn’t
59.
— Can you do me a favour, Mr. Smith? My car ______ start.
— No problem. You can count on it.
A. won’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
60.
If you want to improve your figure and health, the most effective thing to do is to show up at the gym every time you ________ be there.
A. can
B. will
C. may
D. shall
61.
During my first year at university, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I did not write to my family as often as I .
A. could have
B. would have
C. might have
D. should have
62.
—Why didn't you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?
—I wanted to, but she simply ________ let me go.
A. couldn't
B. wouldn't
C. shouldn't have
D. mustn't have
63.
Volunteers and charities, as well as many churches, arrange meals for the homeless and those who ________ otherwise be alone on Christmas Day.
A. can
B. should
C. would
D. may
64.
According to the school rule, no child be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.
A. should
B. must
C. shall
D. can
65.
During my first year at university, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I did not
write to my family as often as I ________.
A. could have
B. would have
C. might have
D. should have
66.
Why ________ you always be so skeptical of what I say? I’ve never cheated you!
A. shall
B. would
C. can
D. must
67.
—I had my computer stolen in my office, but luckily the police got it back to me.
—How unbelievable! The thief ________ it.
A. need have sold
B. might have sold
C. should have sold
D. must have sold
68.
During my first year abroad, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I did not phone my parents as often as I _______.
A. should
B. would
C. should have
D. would have
69.
---How do you find the club?
---I ________ it. Everyone is saying its management is going from bad to worse.
A. coul dn’t have joined
B. might have joined
C. would rather not have joined
D. would like to have joined
70.
The 60th Grammy nomination list was suspiciously male dominated, leaving a number of social media users up in arms, complaining why Katy Perry and Demi Lovato, who both had albums eligible for nods, ______ be shut out.
A. should
B. must
C. shall
D. might
71.
Although passing the driving test ________ be difficult now, it’s worth the efforts.
A. need
B. shall
C. can
D. should
72.
The accidenthave been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don’t know for sure.
A. might
B. should
C. will
D. must
73.
The professor recommended the young couple _________ their emotions.
A. do not hide
B. not hide
C. mustn’t hide
D. couldn’t hide
74.
Anyone ________ be a victim of road accidents if he doesn’t observe traffic regulations.
A. can
B. must
C. should
D. shall
75.
Anyone ________ be a victim of road accid ents if he doesn’t observe traffic regulations.
A. can
B. must
C. should
D. shall
76.
Sixty decades on, the presenter (Queen Elizabeth II) has evolved somewhat, as has the technology she described. Back then, who _____ that people would one day be watching this on laptops and mobile phones, as some of you are today?
A. must have imagined
B. may have imagined
C. would have imagined
D. should have imagined
77.
He failed in the driving test again. He .
A. must have disappointed
B. must have been disappointed
C. might be disappointed
D. couldn’t be disappointed
78.
A. will keep
B. shall keep
C. must keep
D. would keep
79.
resources.
A. may
B. should
C. must
D. shall
80.
In China, you ___vote when you are 18.
A. must
B.might
C.can
D.would
81.
--- I borrowed 10 dollars from Cathy, but she insisted that I borrowed 15 dollars from her.
--- I you the money. Why didn’t you ask me?
A. must lend
B. could have lent
C. would lend
D. should have lent
Michael ________ be a policeman, for he is much too short.
A. needn't
B. can't
C. should
D. may
83.
—Show me your permit, please.
—Oh, it's not in my pocket. It ________.
A. might fall out
B. must have fallen out
C. should have fallen out
D. could fall out
84.
Mr. Black, Mrs. Li wants to see you. she wait here or outside?
A. Should
B. Will
C. Shall
D. Must
85.
-Remind me to buy a bottle of wine for the party this weekend.
-I .
A. can
B. must
C. should
D. will
86.
These fresh vegetables are easy to rot so you ______ eat them within two days.
A. might
B. should
C. can
D. would
87.
— How is the smog control going on in our capital city?
—It couldn’t be worse. You ________ believe Beijing upgraded the smog alert from yellow to orange and then red again yesterday.
A. won’t
B. mustn’t
C.needn’t
D. shouldn’t
88.
The painting not be a masterpiece, but the colors are marvelous.
A. must
B. may
C. need
D. should
89.
—Mom, I’ve been studying; English since 8 o’clock. I go out and play with Tom for a while? —No, I’m a fraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now.
A. Can’t
B. Wouldn’t
C. May not
D. Won’t
—I’m sorry. I at you the other day.
—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t shout
B. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout
D. mustn’t have shouted
91.
We have work to do, but if you need a rest, we _____ start tomorrow.
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. need
92.
--- What do you think of Betty?
--- She is a lovely girl, though she ________be naughty sometimes.
A. should
B. must
C. need
D. can
93.
According to the school rule, no student go out during the class without the teacher’s permission.
A. could
B. need
C. shall
D. would
94.
A journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts, for the writer's impressions
color the telling of events.
A. shall
B. might
C. should
D. must
95.
When we worked in the same office, we _____ have coffee together.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
96.
Now that you have practiced a lot, there be any difficulty in performing well.
A. mustn’t
B. shan’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
97.
No one _____ cheat or help others cheat in the exam.
A. shall
B. will
C. must
D. need
98.
— Why does she look so angry after reading Still Alice?
—She _____ be. She _____ be missing her grandma who has Alzheimer’s.
A. can’t; must
B. mustn’t; can
C. shouldn’t; should
D. can’t; would
99.
It was playing video games that took the boy too much time that he ______ have spent learning．
A. could
B. must
C. might
D. ought to
100.
—Your windows are still open? It’s so cold!
— Oh, sorry. They_______ .
A. aren’t closing
B. won’t close
C.won’t be closed
D. aren’t closed
试卷答案
1.D
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：——我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。

——他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。

根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能……，用can’t have done。

故选D。

2.B
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：——有一台电脑来存储我的照片真是太好了。

——别指望太多。

这个电脑可能会发生故障，你最好把它们复制一份。

本题中情态动词can表示可能性，符合语境。

故选B。

3.B
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。

句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。

根据上文the ground is wet可知“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。

【点睛】must have done用法辨析
must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。

He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well.（他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。

）
Somebody must have stolen the ring.（肯定有人偷了这枚戒指.）[该句所推断的偷窃动作发
生在过去.]
The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night ,because the water is frozen all over.（昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了.）
如果'must + have + 过去分词'句型与by now连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作,例如：
They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now.（他们今晨很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了.）
中国学生的常见病句是：They…; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到
达了.”（这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动作已经完成.）
4.C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。

句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但只要他想，他可以变得相
当可爱。

根据句意可知此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。

5.D
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。

句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。

must have done表示对过去发生的事情最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。

6.B
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：——有一台电脑来存储我的照片真是太好了。

——别指望太多。

这个电脑可能会发生故障，你最好把它们复制一份。

本题中情态动词can表示可能性，符合语境。

故选B。

7.C
【详解】考查情态动词。

A. must必须；B. need需要；C. may可能，或许；D. should应该。

句意：即使失败了几百次，也要振作起来。

此处表示一种不确定的推测，故选C。

8.D
【详解】考查情态动词。

A. would会，将要；B. should应该；C. must必须，一定；D. can 可以，能够；可能；有时候可能；句意：如果你在十五分钟内离开i，你可以暂时把车停在路边。

根据句意可知本句中can表示可以，能够。

故D项正确。

9.C
【详解】考查地点状语从句。

句意：—很感人的一个故事!爱是最强大的。

—是的。

爱存在的地方，有奇迹。

此处是where引导的地点状语从句，故选C。

10.B
【详解】考查情态动词。

A. must必须，一定；B. can可能；能够；有时可能，有时会；C. shall将要；D. need需要；本句表示要在宾馆房间里挂一块湿毛巾，室内的空气有时会可能会很干燥。

根据句意可知B项正确。

【点睛】本句考查了情态动词“can”表示“有时可能，有时会…”的用法，can还有其他用法，具体如下：
表示能力，"can"译为"能；会"
例句：I can speak English. 译：我会说英语。

She can dance. 译：她会跳舞。

②表示可能性，"can"译为"可能；会"
例句：Can you sing? 译：你会唱歌吗?
Can you swim? 译：你会游泳吗?
③"can"用在肯定句中：主语＋can＋动词原形
例句：I can play the guitar. 译：我会弹吉他。

I can join the music club. 译：我可以加入音乐俱乐部。

④"can"用在一般疑问句中：Can＋主语＋动词原形
肯定回答：Yes，主语＋can
否定回答：No，主语＋can't
例句：Can he play chess? 译：他会下国际象棋吗？
Yes, he can. 译：是的，他会。

NO, he can't. 译：不，她不会。

⑤"can"用在否定句中：主语＋can't＋动词原形（can't 是 can not 的缩写）
例句：She can't play the piano well. 译：她弹不好钢琴。

I can't sing. 译：我不会唱歌。

⑥"can"用在特殊疑问句中：特殊疑问词＋can＋主语＋动词原形
例句：What can you see in the room? 译：在房间里你能看见什么?
⑦当特殊疑问词是句子的主语时：特殊疑问词＋can＋动词原形
例句：Who can answer my question? 译：谁能回答我的问题?
11.B
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：只要我们愿意为这个社会努力，我们愿意去和不完美可能会出现的地方作斗争，这个社会可能会继续美好。

句中情态动词may意为“可能”，表示推测，语意较弱。

故B项正确。

12.A
【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。

句意：—你考试考得怎么样?—勉强可以，情况本可能更糟!could have done“本来能做成---，本来可以---”，结合句意可知答案为A。

【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推
测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would ＋ have ＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
13.C
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：既然你能在城市里找到一份体面的工作，为什么还要选择在偏远的乡村学校工作呢?此处考查must的特殊用法，“偏偏，非要”，故选C。

14.
D
情态动词的考查，根据语义，他可能不来
15.D
【详解】考查情态动词+完成式。

句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。

co uld have done“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。

【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推
测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would ＋ have ＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
16.B
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。

句意：——我不明白他为什么这么生气。

我无意冒犯。

——他很敏感，这是他的特点。

should have done“本应该做而没有做”，结合句意可知答案为B。

【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推
测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“ne ed + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该
做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would ＋ have ＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
17.D
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。

句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。

根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故D项正确。

18.A
【详解】考查情态动词用法。

句意：据宣布，所有的候选人都要坐在位置上，直到所有的试卷都被收齐。

根据句意可知本句是考试规则，情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”，符合本句语境。

故A项正确。

19.
句意：——毕业后你会在哪里工作？——妈妈，还没有确定下来呢。

我可能会继续学习获得更高的学位。

根据答语中的“it's not been decided yet”可知，此处暗含不太确定的语气，故选might。

20.D
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：---希望中美之间的贸易战能够结束。

---事实上，不然双方都将遭受巨大损失。

would可用于评论某一特定的行为。

故D选项正确。

21.A
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定，如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。

此处的should表示“如果、万一”，故A项正确。

【点睛】should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在条件状语从句中表示一种语气较强的假设，表示“如果、万一”，这时可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。

22.D
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。

句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。

根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故D项正确。

23.B
【详解】考查情态动词。

—那边那个标志上说什么？—在这一区域，不准吸烟或携带点燃的雪茄、香烟或烟斗。

A. will表意愿；B. shall用于第二、三人称，表示命令、警告、威胁、许可等；C. may表可能； D. must必须。

故B选项正确。

24.B
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。

A. must have done必定做了…（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。

25.A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。

句意：英语是一门语言，世界上许多年轻人可能说得不太好，但至少能听懂。

第一个空表示“猜测”，用may；第二个空表示“能力”，用can，故选A。

26.A
【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。

句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。

A. could have been rewarded 本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。

根据语境，A选项正确。

【点睛】could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。

用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。

本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。

故A选项正确。

27.D
【详解】考查情态动词+完成式。

句意：—Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。

—所以你认为你得道歉?此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”，故选D。

【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推
测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would ＋ have ＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
28.A
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。

A. could have been本可以；B. should have been本应该；C. must have been过去一定；D. need have been本来有必要。

句意：延迟诊断往往会导致更严重的健康问题，如果他们能在工作的国家得到治疗，这些问题本是可以预防的。

根据句意可知此处表示“本来可以”，故A项正确。

29.B
考查情态动词。

句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。

A. must have done必定做了…（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。

30.A
试题分析：考查情态动词表虚拟语气。

A表虚拟，（过去）本能做某事却未做；B表猜测（过去）一定做了某事；C表猜测（过去）不可能做了某事；D表虚拟，（过去）本应该做某事却未做。

根据语境“No,…but we spent too much time shopping（花太多的时间购物）”可知“本能去参观著名的文化遗址但没有去成”，故选A。

句意：——上个月你们去参观了著名的文化遗址吗？——没有,我们本能去，但我们花太多的时间购物了。

31.
A
32.B
33.
C
34.
C
35.
A
36.
B
37.
C
38.A
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：在今天的信息时代，数据丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。

can可能；need需要；must必须，肯定；should应该，竟然。

数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性”，故该空应用情态动词can，其余情态动词均没有该用法。

故选A。

39.B
【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。

句意：——我想不出他为什么这么生气。

我无意冒犯。

——敏感是他的特点。

A. must have been对过去事实肯定的推测；B. should have been本应该做某事，而实际没有做；C. might have been表示一种可能性，一种推测；D. can have been表示推测，题干中表示“本应该做某事，而实际没有做”，故选B。

40.C
【详解】考查情态动词和定语从句。

句意：我永远不会忘记那首诗和它为我的第一部小说提供的灵感。

Can表示能够；will 表示将要；shall 用于第一人称，则表示决心；must 必须，故第一个空用shall。

inspiration后面是定语从句，关系代词省略，定语从句还缺少主语the poem，用it特指前面的that poem，故选C。

41.D
【详解】考查情态动词用法。

句意：她知道她错了，但她不敢告诉他。

动词dare既可以作实义动词也可以作情态动词，根据主句的动词knew是过去式，所以空格处也要用过去时，A、B选项形式错误，D选项为情态动词dare过去式dared。

故选D。

【点睛】dare用作实义动词时，有时态和人称的变化，用do，does或did来构成否定句或疑问句。

dare用作情态动词，一般用于疑问句、否定句或条件句，有时态变化，但没有人称形式的变化，其后接动词原形。

42.A
考查情态动词。

A. should have been本应该；B. must have been表示对过去事情的肯定推。