初中过去完成时讲解

过去完成时用法讲解

一、概念:表示过去的过去,其构成是had +过去分词。

二、用法:

1. 表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。例如:

He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night. (昨夜十点钟之前他已上床去睡了。)

2. 与一般过去时搭配,表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。例如:

The train had started when I got to the station. (当我到达车站时火

车已开走了。)

The minute I saw a lady getting off the bus, I knew it was she, for I had seen her before. (我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她,因为我以前看见过她。)

解说:使用过去完成时在简单句里表达某一动作在过去的某一时刻已完成时,

该过去的时刻常以“by +过去时间”的短语来表达。例如下面的说法是不正确的:

He had gone to bed at 10:00 last night.

若是要说“at 10:00 last night”就必须用一般过去时“He went to bed...”。请再观察下面的句子试比较: It had rained yesterday. (误)

It rained yesterday.(正)

或许你会说:“昨天下了雨,可是今天已放晴了,下雨已是过去的事,而且已经下完了,所以就用过去完成时……。”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。

1. 由过去的时间作状语来修饰动词的句子都使用一般过去时。

2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外,应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。

三、过去完成时常用的连词有:before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as等。例如:

He said that he had learned some English before.

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

四、在什么情况下使用过去完成时?

1. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词引导的宾语从句中,一般用过去完成时。例如:

She said (that) she had never been to Paris.

2. 状语从句

在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如: When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

3. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示“原本……,未能……”。例如:

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

典型例题:

The students ________ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ____ in the office.

A. had written, left

B. were writing, has left

C. had written, had left

D. were writing, had left

答案D。“把书忘在办公室”发生在“去取书”这一过去的动作之前,因此“忘了书”这一动作发生在过去的过去,用过去完成时。句中when代表时间的一点,表示在“同学们正忙于……”这一背景下, when所引导的动作正在发生。因此前

一句应用过去进行时。

初中英语语法梳理和提高14过去完成时态讲解试题

过去完成时态

1

1)过去完成时态的构成:

肯定式:had + 动词的过去分词

否定式:hadn't + 动词的过去分词

疑问式:Had …+ 动词的过去分词

简略回答: Yes, 主+ have/has had.

No, 主+ had现在完成时的用法

过去完成时的用法:

1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。他表示的时间是"过去的过去"常与by last year, by the time of yesterday,等连用。如:

She said she had seen the film 4 times.

When Mr Li got to the classroom, all the students had begun reading.

By the time they arrived, the bus had left.

2、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与

for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如:

She had worked in this school since it opened 25 years ago.

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1. He ______ in Shanghai University for four years before he ______ Beijing.

A. studied, had gone

B. had studied, went