最新高中英语不定式不定式
高中英语动词不定式(共26张PPT)
Because of the recent accident, our parents forbid my brother and me from swimming in the river unless someone agrees to watch over us.
Her husband can do everything except cook.
He wanted nothing but to stay there. 注意:如果but 或except 之前有实义动词do 的限定性
是或非限定形式,其宾语为不带to的不定式,否则为 带to的不定式。 Lots of empty bottles were found under the old man’s bed. He must have done nothing but ____ (drink) I thought you had planned to pradcrtiincekpiano today. “I did nothing but___ letters all day.”
careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly, stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词,不定式前的 sb.可作其逻辑主语。
It is better to die on one’s feet than ____
A. to write B. write C. writing D. wrote
5、不定式(短语)做宾语补足语
在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补 足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, expect, encourage, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.,observe, intend, press, remind warn, lead, command 等, 如:
高中英语不定式及练习题
3. 作定语, 表示要干的事: I have a composition to write. The house to be built next year is 150 square metres.
English Grammar The Infinitive不定式
时态 语态 主动语态 一般式 to do
完成式 进行式
to have done
to be doing
完成进行式 to have been doing
被动语态
to be done to have been done
/
/
一般式: 表示与谓语的动作同时发生或发生在 谓语动作之后。 He seems to know it. She wishes to pass the coming exam.
3) 作表语: My wish is for our people to live a happy life.
4) 作定语: The question for her to answer is hard.
5) 作目的状语: We handed in our homework in time for the teacher to correct.
完成进行式: 表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动 作之前, 并且目前还在进行。 We’re happy to have been working with you. He is said to have been living here for 6 decades.
不定式的否定:not + 不定式 He pretended not to see me when passing by me. He seems not to have been there.
高中英语动词不定式
动词不定式不定式知识点综述不定式知识点综述1.不定式的基本形式 1. 不定式词作主语句型 1. 省略 to 的不定式作宾to do, to be done 2. 识记用不定式作宾语语补足语动词“五看to be doing; to have done, 的动词三使两听一感”to have been done 3. 跟动名词作宾语差别 2. 不定式作目的、结果2. 否认式组成状语2、不定式重难点解说重难点 1:动词不定式的时态语态动词不定式 (infinitive) 两种形式:一种是“to + 动词原形”组成( to- infinitive );另一种是不带 to 的不定式 ,即动词原形 (bare- infinitive) 。
动词不定式有一般式、进行式、达成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和达成式有被动语态变化形式。
主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing达成式to have done to have been done达成进行式to have been writinga. 不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依照的:(1)一般式表示的动作或状态往常发生在谓语动词以后或同时发生。
例:They made plans to live in Paris.他们计划住在巴黎。
(to live发生在made plans以后)( 2)进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。
例: He pretended to be listening to me carefully.他假装仔细地听我讲。
(3)不定式的达成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作以前。
例: I am sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起,让你久等了。
(to have kept 发生在 I am sorry 所表示的时间以前)(4)不定式的达成进行式表示动作在谓语动词以前发生,并且向来进行着。
高中英语语法之不定式和现在分词(精)
高中英语语法之不定式和现在分词一、不定式(to do的构成1. 不定式的构成不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。
不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例: 主动式被动式一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing/完成进行式to have been doing/1 不定式的一般式不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。
如:They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。
He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。
2 不定式的完成式不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。
如:She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。
I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do.我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。
It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country. 对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。
3 不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。
如:It’s nice of you to be helping us these days. 你真好,这些天一直帮我们。
高中动词不定式讲解
不定式由“to+动词原形”构成, 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是 动词原形 do”, “not/never to do ,不定式可以带宾语或状语 构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化, 构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时 态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、 态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、 状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语。 状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语。
watch
五看
see look at observe notice
三使
let make have
一感觉: 一感觉 feel
二听
listen to hear
注意 1> help 后面的“to”可省去 后面的“ 可省去 e.g. They often help the grandma (to) carry water. 2> see, hear, watch, feel, notice, look at等表示 等表示 感觉和let, have等表示使役的动词后 感觉和let, make, have等表示使役的动词后 面,不定式作宾语时要省“to” (注:被动 不定式作宾语时要省“ 语态不省to) 语态不省 ) e.g. I made him do his work. He was made to do his work (by me).
3> 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 不定式用在介词 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 后时 如果这些介词前有行为动词 的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 那么介词后的不定式不带 各种形式 那么介词后的不定式不带 相反则带to.(有do省to,无do带to) 相反则带 有 省 无 带 (1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go. (3).What do you like to do besides sleep.
高中英语英语语法动词不定式总结的归纳总结
一.动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成。
在某些情况下,to 也可以省略。
动词不定式有一些形式的变化,见下表(以do 为例)主动式被动式一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing 无完成式to have done to have been done完成进行式to have been doing无A.不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。
He appears to be very happy.他看起来好象很高兴。
(同时发生)To catch the train ,we ’d better hurry to the station by taxi.为了赶上火车,我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。
(to catch the train 发生在hurry to the station 之后.)B.不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
It happens t o be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候,天碰巧下雨。
I ’m glad to be travelling with you. 我很高兴和你一起旅游。
C .不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前。
I ’m sorry to have lost your key.我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄没了。
I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn ’t feel very well.我本来想昨晚完成工作的,但是我觉得身体不舒服。
It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.对我来说,应邀来你们国家是一件很荣耀的事。
D.不定式的完成进行式不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生并且一直进行着。
新教材2025版高中英语语法精讲2不定式作定语和结果状语学案牛津译林版必修第三册
语法精讲②不定式作定语和结果状语1.不定式作定语动词不定式作定语,修饰前面的名词或代词(也叫中心词)。
动词不定式跟中心词有逻辑关系,大致分为主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和状语关系等。
(1)主谓关系不定式的动作是不定式所修饰的中心词来执行的。
可以改成定语从句。
①不定式可用来修饰人。
He is a man to finish his task best.他是任务完成得最好的人。
→He is a man who has finished his task best.He was a brave man to admit what he had done.他是个敢做敢当的英勇之人。
→He was a brave man who could admit what he had done.②不定式可用来修饰物,表示某物要做某事。
The next train to arrive was from New York.下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。
→The next train which would arrive was from New York.The world mathematics conference to take place in Beijing next month is bound to be a great success.下个月将在北京召开的世界数学大会肯定会取得圆满胜利。
→The world mathematics conference which is going to take place in Beijing next month is bound to be a great success.(2)动宾关系不定式与所修饰的中心词有动宾关系,可改成定语从句。
跟主谓关系一样,不定式修饰的既可以是人,也可以是物。
不定式动作的执行者可能是句子的主语,也有可能是句子的宾语;有时不定式动作的执行者暗含在上下文中;有时用for sb./sth.指出动作的执行者;有时根本不知道是谁。
高中英语语法复习动词不定式的用法
⾼中英语语法复习动词不定式的⽤法动词不定式专题复习动词不定式的形式:动词不定式的⽤法1.不定式作主语⑴原则上,可⽤动词不定式直接作句⼦的主语,通常⽤it作句⼦的形式主语,⽽把不定式移到后⾯,形成“It + 谓语… + 动词不定式…”的句型。
如:To catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning is not a good idea.It is not a good idea to catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning.To learn a foreign language well takes painstaking efforts.It takes painstaking efforts to learn a foreign language well.⑵若要说明不定式的动作的执⾏者,可以在不定式前⾯加上“for + 名词或代词”结构,或是“of + 名词或代词”结构。
It is a great pleasure for me to talk with him. It is very kind of you to help me .⑶可⽤于“of + 名词/代词 + 动词不定式”结构中作主语补⾜语的形容词是指那些可以表⽰⼈或事物的性质或品质的好坏的形容词。
这些词如:careful, cruel, foolish, bold, brave, good, honest, kind, rude,polite, nice,stupid, selfish,silly, wicked, wise, thoughtful, wrong等。
2.不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种情况:⼀是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式,⼆是“动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。
⑴“动词+带to的不定式”结构:常见的以不定式作宾语的动词有afford, appear, agree, ask, believe,decide, demand,desire, fail, hope, intend,learn, mean, offer, promise,refuse, wish等。
高考英语不定式全解析2023
高考英语不定式全解析2023不定式是英语语法中的一种动词形式,由"to"加上动词原形构成。
在高考英语中,不定式是一个常见的语法知识点,涉及到多种用法。
本文将全面解析高考英语中的不定式用法,并给出相关的例句进行说明。
一、不定式作为名词和表语1. 不定式作为名词的用法不定式作为名词可作主语、宾语、表语等,常见结构有:- It is + 形容词 + 不定式例:It is important to have a good night's sleep.- 不定式 + 不定式例:His dream is to travel around the world.2. 不定式作为表语的用法不定式作为表语常用于表示状态、目的等,通常放在be动词后面,结构有:- It + be动词 + 不定式例:My goal is to become a doctor.- 主语 + be动词 + 不定式例:His wish is to study abroad.二、不定式作为动词的补充1. 不定式作为及物动词的宾语不定式作为动词的宾语,通常用在感官动词(see, hear, watch等)、使役动词(make, let, have等)以及一些特定的动词后面,结构为"动词+ 不定式",如:- I heard him sing in the talent show yesterday.- They made her clean the classroom after school.2. 不定式作为介词的宾语不定式也可以作为介词的宾语,常见的介词有for, about, of, to等,结构为"介词 + 不定式",如:- She is worried about what to wear to the party.- I'm sorry for not being able to attend the meeting.3. 不定式作为动词的状语不定式作为动词的状语可以表示目的、结果、原因等,常见的结构有:- in order to + 不定式例:I study hard in order to get good grades in the exam.- so as to + 不定式例:She exercises every day so as to stay healthy.- so that + 主语 + can/could + 动词原形例:He spoke slowly so that the audience could understand him.三、表示时态和语态的不定式1. 完整不定式完整不定式由"to + have + 过去分词"构成,常用于表示完成的动作或状态,通常放在动词后面作补充,如:- I am happy to have finished my homework early.- He was lucky to have won the first prize in the competition.2. 进行不定式进行不定式由"to be + 现在分词"构成,常用于表示正在进行的动作或状态,如:- She seemed to be reading a book when I saw her in the library.- They appeared to be discussing something important.3. 被动不定式被动不定式由"to be + 过去分词"构成,通常用于被动语态中,如:- The problem needs to be solved as soon as possible.- The car is going to be repaired by a mechanic.四、不定式的其他特殊用法1. 不定式与形容词的连系不定式可以与形容词连用,用来强调或修饰名词,通常放在名词后面,如:- He is a difficult person to deal with.- The book is easy to understand.2. 不定式的省略在特定条件下,不定式中的"to"可以省略,如:- I heard him speak at the conference. (省略了to)- She made me do the housework. (省略了to)以上是关于高考英语不定式的全面解析。
最新高中英语动词不定式的用法(二)
动词不定式的用法(一)动词不定式的句法功能:动词不定式在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。
一、作主语:不定式作主语时,通常表示一个具体的,特定的行为。
其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
动词不定式作主语可位于句首。
例如:To live means to create.To do that sort of thing is stupid.To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.但是当作主语的不定式是较长的短语是,我们通常使用it作形式主语,而将动词不定式置于句末。
例如:It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.It was his job to repair bicycles(自行车)常用it作形式主语,而用动词不定式作实际主语的常用句型有:1. It is+adj (+for sb./sth.) +to do sth.表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。
通常表明的是事情对人产生的影响或意义。
比如“难易程度、重要性、可能性大小等”。
用于此句型的形容词有:easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。
例如:It is interesting to play this game.It is necessary for you to change your job.How rude it was of the boy to jump the queue!It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house.How silly it was of you to give up such a good chance!2. It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。
高中语法 动词不定式 共62张ppt
三、不定式充当的句子成分
6. 不定式作状语 2)作结果状语 ② so… as to/such as to She looks so beautiful as to attract all of us. Her voicstare.
challenge command encourage persuade recommend
get hate like press warn
cause have mean want wish
compel help make request urge
在let, make, have, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, listen to等动 词后面作宾补的不定式,to要省略。
三、不定式充当的句子成分
2. 动词 + to do(作宾语) 1) 直接跟在及物动词后面作宾语。此时,句子有两个特点: ① 句子主语和不定式的逻辑主语是一致的,及两个动作都是由一个人发出的。 ② 句子谓语动词多是描写态度,不定式动词说明行为。
I hope to see you again.
This company refused to cooperate with us.
1)主谓关系 I don’t think he is the best man to do the job. The next train to arrive is from New York. Jack was the only person to survive the air crash.
高中英语动词不定式
高中英语动词不定式一、关键信息1、动词不定式的定义:动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,由“to +动词原形”构成。
2、动词不定式的形式:一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)、完成式(to have done)。
3、动词不定式的功能:作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等。
4、动词不定式的逻辑主语:通常是句子的主语,但有时也有自己独立的逻辑主语。
5、动词不定式的否定形式:not to do二、动词不定式的定义和形式11 动词不定式的定义动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,在句子中不能单独作谓语,但具有动词的特征,可以带有宾语、状语等。
它由“to +动词原形”构成,其中“to”是不定式符号,无实际意义。
111 一般式(to do)表示动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,或者表示一种普遍的情况或习惯。
例如:I hope to see you again(动作尚未发生)112 进行式(to be doing)表示动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行。
例如:He seems to be waiting for someone113 完成式(to have done)表示动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
例如:I'm sorry to have kept you waiting三、动词不定式的功能12 作主语动词不定式作主语时,通常位于句首,但为了保持句子平衡,常用it 作形式主语,将真正的主语后置。
例如:To learn a foreign language is not easy(直接作主语)It is not easy to learn a foreign language(it 作形式主语)121 作宾语常见的动词后接动词不定式作宾语,如 want, hope, decide, promise 等。
例如:I want to go home122 作定语动词不定式作定语时,通常置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
高中英语语法动词不定式
The following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive.
afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, claim, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate, help, hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise refuse, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish •
Remember them!
作表语
1. 我的工作是教英语。 我的工作是教英语。
My job is to teach English.
2. 眼见为实。 眼见为实。
To see is to believe.
作定语
1. 你有什么要说的吗 你有什么要说的吗?
Do you have anything to say?
All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
We found a house to live in. 定语 She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 状语
注意
C. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时, 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时,
动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词 的动词, 动词不定式常常省去 后面的动词, 保留to 只保留 。
高中英语不定式
3) 动词 + 间接宾语 + 疑问词 + to 不定式 show,teach,advise,tell,inform … 那个农夫教我们如何挤奶。 The farmer showed us how to milk the cow. 克罗克先生教他们怎样打字。 Mr. Crook taught them how to type. 4) 动词 + 形式宾语 it + 宾补 + to不定式 (真宾语) find, think, consider, make, feel … 我觉得学第二外语很重要。 ( I find it…) I find it important to learn a second foreign language. 我们认为最好早点出发。 (We think it better…) We think it better to start off early.
我渴望成为一个足球明星。 I longed to become a football star. 他同意保密。 He agreed to keep it secret. 2) 动词 + 疑问词 + to不定式 know, decide, wonder, learn, remember, see, understand, think, find out 我不知道说什么安慰她。 I don’t know what to say to calm her. 他们在学习如何修汽车。 They are learning how to repair cars.
7. 不定式作状语
1) 表示原因:不少形容词(包括已变成形容词的分词)可后 接不定式表示原因或某个方面。 (2)We are sorry to leave. (4)You are free to go home.
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式动词的不定式是英语中一种非常重要的语法结构,它可以用来表达动作的目的、原因、愿望、意愿等。
在高中英语学习中,了解并正确运用动词的不定式是提高语言表达能力和写作水平的重要一环。
本文将对高中英语中的动词不定式知识点进行归纳总结。
一、不定式的基本形式与用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”,例如:to go, to eat, to study。
在句子中,不定式可以充当名词、形容词或副词。
1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时,常用于句子的开头或者后面。
例如:- To learn a foreign language is important.- It is important to learn a foreign language.2. 不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常跟在动词后面。
例如:- I want to go to the movies tonight.- She loves to dance.3. 不定式作表语不定式可以作表语,通常与be动词连用。
例如:- His dream is to become a doctor.4. 不定式作定语动词不定式可以修饰名词,充当名词的定语。
例如:- She has a book to read.5. 不定式作状语动词不定式可以作状语,修饰动词、形容词或副词,表达动作的目的、原因、结果等。
例如:- He went to the store to buy some groceries.(目的)- She is too young to watch that movie.(结果)二、动词不定式的时态与语态动词不定式有时态和语态的变化,主要包括一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。
1. 一般式一般式表示动作或状态的普遍性、一般性。
例如:- I like to play basketball.2. 进行式进行式表示动作正在进行。
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高中英语不定式不定式由“ to十动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“ not to do”。
不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语.不定式的逻辑主语有时用“ for十名词或代词宾格”构成。
(1)不定式的用法:①作主语不定式短语作主语时,可以直接放在句首,但在很多情况下,尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中,往往放在谓语之后,而用先行代词it作形式主语。
例如:To serve the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我的最大幸福。
It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是对的。
不定式作主语常见句型如下:a.It is + adj (easy, important, difficult…) +不定式b. It is + n (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) +不定式c. It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) +不定式It’s important for us to learn English well.我们学好英语很重要。
It’s my duty to teach you how to be a useful person.教你如何做一个有用的人是我的职责。
It requires patience to be a good teacher.当个好老师需要耐心。
②作宾语不定式短语作宾语时,位于及物动词之后。
可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish 等。
例如:I offered to help her, but she refused.我提出帮助她,但她拒绝了。
He pretended not to hear me.他假装没听见我(的声音)。
I don’t want to sound like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.我不想听起来象在说别人坏话,但经理的计划是不公平的。
如果还带有宾语补足语。
往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。
常用动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。
例如:I find it interesting to work with him.我发现与他共事很有趣。
We feel it our duty to help others.我们认为帮助别人是我们的责任。
Science and technology has made it possible for man to fly in space.科学技术已经使人类能够遨游太空了。
下列动词后可接疑问词+不定式:teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find out、advise、know 等例如:Can you teach me how to use the computer?你能教我使用电脑吗?I don’t know what to do next.我不知道下一步怎么办。
③作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语位于宾语之后,表示宾语的动作或状态。
常用于以下动词之后:ask, tell, advise, allow, enable, expect, force, get, like, order, teach, want, invite, wish, beg等。
例如:He asked me to do the work with him.他要我与他一起干。
You should get more people to help you.你应该多找些人帮你。
The teacher expected everyone to study hard,老师希望每个人都努力学习。
●注意:a.在see,watch,look at,notice, observe,have,let,make, hear,listen to,feel,help等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to。
例如:I often hear him sing the song.我经常听见他唱这只歌。
The teacher usually made the students recite the text.老师通常让学生背颂课文。
Would you please help me (to) repair my bike?请帮我修理自行车好吗?但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时,就必须带to。
例如:He is often heard to sing the song.人们常听到他唱这只歌。
The students were usually made to recite the text.学生们常被要求背颂课文。
b.不定式动词在介词but,except,besides后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么,这些介词后的不定式不带to,否则要带to.如:She could do nothing but cry.她只是哭。
What do you like to do besides swim?除了游泳你还喜欢干什么?c.主句含有不定式,后面有rather than, rather than后省to。
d. Why not、had better、would rather、can’t but等词后省to。
如:He could not but walk home.他只好走回家。
注意:e.常用带不定式作宾补的几种情况:(a)主语+ ask / require / tell / order / force / get / want / like + sb.to do sth.(b)主语+ think / judge / suppose / believe / consider / imagine / consider / feel + sb. + to be/ to have done(c)主语+ call on / upon / depend on / wait for / ask for + sb.+ to do sth.④作定语不定式作定语位于所修饰的名词之后。
例如:I have some books for you to read.我有一些书给你看。
We have a lot of homework to do today.今天我们有很多作业要做。
He hasn’t kept his promi se to write to his parents regularly.他没有信守定期给父母写信的诺言。
●注意:a.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。
例如:He is looking for a room to live in.他在找房子住。
There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。
Please give me a knife to cut with.请给我一把刀用。
但是,不定式所修饰的名词是time,place或way,不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。
例如:He had no money and no place to live.他没有钱,也没有房子住。
b.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同.试比较:Have you anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗?(不走式to send的动作执行者是you)Have you anything to be sent?你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else)c.下列词语后常接不定式作定语:chance、wish、right、courage、need、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.他总是第一个到,最后一个走。
⑤作状语,表示目的、原因、结果或条件例如:I came here to see you.(目的)我来是看你的。
We were very excited to hear the news.(原因)听到那消息我们很激动。
He hurried to the school to find nobody there.(结果)他匆忙赶到学校,结果发现没有人。
To look at him, you would like him.(条件)如果你见到,你会喜欢他的。
in order (not) to, so as (not) to用来引导目的状语,在enough to, too … to, so… as to, such….as to, only to …结构中不定式作结果状语,其中only to…用于表示意想不到的结果。
例如:The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.那个女孩很热心,帮助老人下车。
In order to pass the exam, he worked very hard.为了通过考试,他刻苦努力学习。
We ran all the way so as not to be late.我们一路跑着,以免迟到。
He is too old to do that.他太老了,不能做那件事了。
The room is big enough to hold us.房间足够大,可以容纳我们。
He hurried to the station only to be told the train had gone.他匆忙赶到车站,结果被告知火车已经开走了。
不定式也可在作表语用的形容词后面作状语。
例如:I am very glad to hear it.我非常高兴听到这事。