2015英语中考总复习-并列句和复合句句型结构及用法讲解

一、并列句

由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫作并列句。常见分类：

1.表示同等、平行或承接关系，常用连词and，both. . . and，not only. . . but also. . . ，neither. . . nor. . . ，as well as等。

2.表示转折关系，常用连词but，yet(然而), however(然而), while(而)等。

3. 表示选择关系，常见连词or，not. . . but(不是……而是……), either. . . or. . . (要么……要么……)等。

4. 表示因果关系，常见连词because, as，for(因为), so等。

二、复合句

由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫作复合句。从句需由关联词引导。初中英语教材主要涉及的复合句有状语从句、宾语从句和定语从句。

考点一状语从句

状语从句在复合句中起状语的作用，修饰主句中的谓语、形容词或副词。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为：时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句、地点状语从句等。

状语从句的注意事项

2. 时间状语从句中not. . . until. . . （直到……才……）与before/ after引导的从句的转换。

I went to bed after I finished my homework. =I did n’t go to bed until I finished my homework.

直到做完作业我才去睡觉。

考点二宾语从句

一、在主从复合句中作宾语的句子叫作宾语从句。

二、宾语从句的四个考点：

【温馨提示】

当主句谓语动词为think，suppose，guess, believe等词，主语为第一人称，从句表达否定意义时，形式上应否定主句。例如：

I don’t think that he is right. 我认为他不对。

考点三定语从句

一、基本构成

1. 定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。

2. 句式：含有定语从句的复合句基本结构：先行词+ 关系词+ 定语从句。

二、关系代词的基本用法

Do you know the girl who/ that has won the first prize in the singing competition?

你认识歌咏比赛中获得一等奖的那个女孩吗？

Many laugh-making stars whose master is Zhao Benshan have become famous these years.

近年来很多师承赵本山的笑星成名了。

【温馨提示】

三、关系副词的基本用法

中考真题

单项选择

1. (2012·达州中考)—Do you enjoy My heart will go on?

—No, I prefer songs _______ loud.

A. that is

B. which is

C. that are

D. what are

2. （2012·六盘水中考）—Do you know if we will go for a picnic this Saturday?

—I think we will if we _______ any classes.

A. won’t have

B. didn’t have

C. don’t have

D. aren’t having

3. (2012·恩施中考)—I don’t know when _______ tomorrow?

—I will call you as soon as he _______.

A. will he come; arrives

B. he will come; arrives

C. he will come; will arrive

4. （2012·达州中考）—That actor often joins in different activities in Beijing. Do you know _______?

—For 5 years.

A. how soon he will come back

B. how long he has stayed there

C. how long has he stayed there

D. how often does he go there

5. （2011·广东中考）The first thing _______ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.

A. which

B. that

C. why

D. who

6. (2011·济南中考)—Julie, do you know _______ yesterday afternoon?

—By bus. I guess.

A. when Mr. Green will get to Quancheng Square

B. when will Mr. Green get to Quancheng Square

C. how Mr. Green got to Quancheng Square

D. how did Mr. Green get to Quancheng Square

7. （2011·兰州中考）Jane is one of the students in the class _______ have ever been to China.

A. who

B. whose

C. which

D. whom

8. （2011·山西中考）—Mr. Li, I found a watch on the playground.