实验报告的英文
英文实验报告模板
Title:Investigation of [Experiment Name or Objective]Introduction:The purpose of this experiment is to [briefly state the objective of the experiment]. The experiment aims to explore [briefly mention the variables or phenomena being investigated]. This report will detail the experimental setup, procedure, results, and conclusions drawn from the data collected.Objective:To [restate the objective of the experiment in a clear and concise manner].Materials:- List all the materials used in the experiment, including equipment, chemicals, samples, and any other items.1. [Equipment Name] - [Model or Description]2. [Chemical Name] - [Concentration or Volume]3. [Sample Name] - [Quantity]4. [Other Materials] - [Description]Procedure:1. [Step 1: Describe the first step of the procedure in detail. Include all actions taken and any safety precautions.]2. [Step 2: Continue with the next step, ensuring all actions and observations are clearly described.]3. [Step 3: Proceed with the subsequent steps, maintaining the samelevel of detail and clarity.]4. [Step 4: Complete the procedure by detailing the final steps and any additional notes or observations.]Observations:- Record all observations made during the experiment, including any visual, auditory, or tactile information.- Include any measurements taken, data collected, and any other relevant information.Data Analysis:- Present the data collected in tables, graphs, or other appropriate formats.- Discuss the significance of the data and how it relates to the objective of the experiment.- Use statistical analysis where applicable, and explain the results.Results:- Summarize the findings of the experiment.- Compare the results with the expected outcomes or previous studies, if applicable.- Discuss any anomalies or unexpected results.Discussion:- Interpret the results in the context of the experiment's objective.- Explain any limitations of the experiment and how they may have influenced the results.- Compare the findings with those of other experiments or literature.- Discuss the implications of the results and their potential applications.Conclusion:- Restate the objective of the experiment.- Summarize the key findings and their significance.- State whether the objective was achieved and why or why not.- Suggest areas for further research or modifications to the experimental procedure.Appendix:- Include any additional information that supports the experiment report but is not essential to understanding the main points.1. [Table of raw data]2. [Graphs or charts]3. [Photographs or diagrams]4. [Additional calculations or analyses]References:- List all the sources cited in the report, following the appropriate citation style.1. Author, A. (Year). Title of the work. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), Page range.2. Book Title (Edition). Author, A. (Year of publication). Publisher.3. Website Name. (Date of access). URLAcknowledgments:- Acknowledge anyone who assisted with the experiment, provided equipment, or contributed to the research in any way.Author Information:- Name of the author(s)- Affiliation- Contact informationDate:- Date of submission or completion of the experiment---This template can be adapted to fit the specific requirements of the experiment and the educational institution. The length of the report should be tailored to the complexity of the experiment and the depth of the analysis required.。
化学实验报告 英文版
化学实验报告英文版Chemical Experiment ReportAbstract:This report presents the findings and analysis of a chemical experiment conducted to investigate the effects of temperature on the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3). The experiment involved varying the temperature of the reactants and measuring the time taken for the reaction to occur. The results indicate a clear correlation between temperature and reaction rate, with higher temperatures leading to faster reactions.Introduction:Chemical reactions are influenced by various factors, including temperature, concentration, and catalysts. The purpose of this experiment was to examine the impact of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulfate was chosen due to its well-documented reaction kinetics.Methodology:The experiment was conducted using a simple setup consisting of a conical flask, a stopwatch, and a thermometer. Initially, 50 mL of 1 M hydrochloric acid was poured into the flask, followed by the addition of 10 mL of 0.1 M sodium thiosulfate. The stopwatch was started as soon as the sodium thiosulfate was added, and the time was recorded when the solution turned opaque due to theformation of a yellow precipitate. The experiment was repeated at different temperatures by immersing the flask in water baths maintained at specific temperatures.Results and Discussion:The experiment was carried out at four different temperatures: 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C. The average reaction times at each temperature were recorded and are presented in Table 1 below:Temperature (°C) Reaction Time (s)20 12030 9040 7050 50Table 1: Average reaction times at different temperaturesFrom the results, it is evident that as the temperature increased, the reaction time decreased. This indicates that higher temperatures accelerate the rate of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulfate. The relationship between temperature and reaction rate can be explained by the collision theory. According to this theory, particles must collide with sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier for a reaction to occur. As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the particles also increases, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions.Furthermore, the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulfate isexothermic, meaning it releases heat. As the reaction progresses, the released heat raises the temperature of the solution, further increasing the reaction rate. This positive feedback mechanism contributes to the observed trend of faster reactions at higher temperatures.Conclusion:In conclusion, this experiment demonstrates the significant influence of temperature on the rate of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulfate. As temperature increases, the reaction time decreases due to more energetic collisions and the exothermic nature of the reaction. These findings have practical implications in various fields, such as industrial chemistry and environmental science, where controlling reaction rates is crucial.Further research could explore the effect of temperature on other chemical reactions and investigate the specific activation energy values for different reactants. Additionally, studying the impact of other factors, such as concentration and catalysts, on reaction rates would provide a comprehensive understanding of chemical kinetics.。
英文滴定实验报告
英文滴定实验报告英文滴定实验报告IntroductionTitration is a widely used technique in analytical chemistry to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution. In this experiment, we aimed to determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) by titrating it with a standardized solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The reaction between HCl and NaOH is a classic example of an acid-base reaction, where the acid (HCl) reacts with the base (NaOH) to form water and a salt.Experimental Procedure1. Preparation of Standard SolutionTo prepare the standardized solution of NaOH, we weighed a specific amount of solid NaOH and dissolved it in distilled water. The solution was then transferred to a volumetric flask and diluted to the mark with distilled water. This ensured that we had a known concentration of NaOH for the titration.2. Preparation of Acid SolutionIn order to determine the concentration of HCl, we prepared a known volume of HCl solution. This solution was then added to a conical flask.3. Titration ProcessUsing a burette, we carefully added the standardized NaOH solution to the conical flask containing the HCl solution. We added the NaOH solution drop by drop, while continuously swirling the flask to ensure thorough mixing. Theaddition of NaOH was stopped when a color change was observed, indicating the completion of the reaction. This color change was due to the addition of an indicator, phenolphthalein, which is colorless in acidic solutions and turns pink in basic solutions.4. Data CollectionDuring the titration process, we recorded the initial and final burette readings to determine the volume of NaOH solution used. This data allowed us to calculate the amount of NaOH required to neutralize the HCl solution.Results and DiscussionBased on the data collected during the experiment, we calculated the concentration of the HCl solution. By using the equation:M1V1 = M2V2where M1 is the concentration of NaOH, V1 is the volume of NaOH used, M2 is the concentration of HCl, and V2 is the volume of HCl used, we were able to determine the concentration of HCl.By repeating the experiment multiple times and calculating the average concentration of HCl, we ensured the accuracy of our results. The precision of the experiment was evaluated by calculating the standard deviation of the data. ConclusionIn this experiment, we successfully determined the concentration of hydrochloric acid by titrating it with a standardized solution of sodium hydroxide. The use of phenolphthalein as an indicator allowed us to observe the color change at theendpoint of the titration. The calculated concentration of HCl was found to be consistent with the expected value.Titration is a versatile technique that can be applied to various acid-base reactions. It provides a quantitative analysis method, allowing scientists to determine the concentration of a substance accurately. This experiment highlights the importance of careful measurement and accurate data collection in analytical chemistry.Overall, the experiment provided valuable hands-on experience in performing titrations and reinforced the fundamental concepts of acid-base reactions.。
金属拉伸实验报告英文
Introduction:The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the mechanical properties of a metal material under tension. The test was conducted using a tensile testing machine, and the results were analyzed to determine the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and other relevant parameters of the material.Materials and Equipment:- Metal specimen: A steel rod with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 50 mm.- Tensile testing machine: A universal testing machine with a load cell capacity of 100 kN.- Measuring instruments: Calipers, micrometer, and a digital gauge.- Sample preparation tools: Saw and grinding machine.Experimental Procedure:1. Sample preparation: The steel rod was cut to the required length and diameter using a saw. The ends of the rod were then ground to ensure flatness and parallelism.2. Mounting the specimen: The prepared specimen was mounted horizontally in the tensile testing machine, ensuring that it was properly aligned and secured.3. Setting up the testing machine: The crosshead speed was set to 5mm/min, and the load cell was calibrated using a known weight.4. Pre-test measurements: The initial length and diameter of the specimen were measured using calipers and micrometers, respectively.5. Conducting the test: The tensile testing machine was activated, and the crosshead moved at a constant speed. The load was recorded at regular intervals until the specimen failed.6. Post-test measurements: The final length and diameter of the specimen were measured, and the failure mode was observed.Results:1. Initial length (L0): 50.0 ± 0.1 mm2. Initial diameter (D0): 10.0 ± 0.1 mm3. Final length (Lf): 55.0 ± 0.1 mm4. Final diameter (Df): 8.5 ± 0.1 mm5. Ultimate tensile strength (σut): 540 MPa6. Yield strength (σy): 450 MPa7. Elongation at break (εb): 15.0 ± 1.0%8. Reduction in area (RA): 65.0 ± 5.0%Discussion:The ultimate tensile strength of the steel rod was determined to be 540 MPa, indicating its ability to withstand high tensile loads before failure. The yield strength, which is the stress at which the material begins to deform plastically, was found to be 450 MPa. This value is crucial in designing structures that need to withstand tension without permanent deformation.The elongation at break of 15.0 ± 1.0% shows that the material has good ductility, which is the ability of the material to deform under tensile stress without fracturing. This property is essential in applications where the material needs to absorb energy during deformation, such as in automotive components.The reduction in area of 65.0 ± 5.0% indicates the material's ability to undergo significant plastic deformation before fracturing. This value is an important measure of the material's toughness, which is itsability to absorb energy without fracturing.The failure mode observed in the test was ductile fracture, characterized by the specimen elongating and the cross-sectional area reducing before fracturing. This suggests that the material is suitable for applications where ductility is important.Conclusion:The metal tensile test conducted on the steel rod has provided valuable insights into its mechanical properties. The material demonstrated good tensile strength, ductility, and toughness, making it suitable for various applications. The results of this test can be used to design and optimize structures that require these properties, ensuring their reliability and safety.References:-ASTM E8: Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Steel. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017.-Beatty, D. C. (2008). Engineering Materials and their Properties. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ.。
英文版化学实验报告
Themain reagents：Cyclohexanol、Sodium chloride、Concentrated sulfuric acid、Anhydrous magnesium sulfate、Ethyl ether、Sodium dichromate
The last, the productas a colorlessoil,0.8 gofproduct wasobtained,andin the experiment,we can knowthe boiling pointof the product is154.1°C
There aretheoretical yield2.36 gproductexperimentwas0.8grams, sothere isa yieldof 34.8%
二、The experimental principle
The main reaction:
3 RCH2OH (环己醇）+ Cr2O72-+ 2 H+→ 3 RC=O +2Cr3++7H2O
The deputy reaction:
3 RCH2OH (环己醇）+H2Cr2O7+H2SO4→ 3 RCHO + Cr2(SO4)3+8H2O
Fractions of stratification, the upper is a colorless liquid, the lower is a colorless oily
3 gof theliquid wasevaporatedtoa saturatedsalt,aftertransferred to a separatoryfunnel andthe organiclayer wasseparated andallowed to standlayered,dried over anhydrous magnesiumsulfate.The liquidwas distilledafter drying, theproductweighed
如何写实验报告英文版
Writing an Experiment ReportWriting an experiment report is a very stylized genre of writing. It should be as efficiently written as possible and should provide each item of information just where readers will expect it to be. Nothing redundant. The paper should contain 6 sections: a short Abstract, an Introduction, Methods（Process）, Results（Data）, Discussion and Conclusions. The Bibliography, Tables, Figures and typically come at the end (though the Tables and Figures can also be inserted within the text).ABSTRACT:Always include an abstract for ANY paper (in my opinion). Write it as one paragraph, about 200 words or less. This is a concise summary of the entire experiment. Include the rationale, method, results, and significance in highly abbreviated form (but using full sentences). Look at some published journal abstracts or Society Meeting abstracts to get the idea of how to write one.INTRODUCTION:Give background rationale for the experiment. Why were you motivated to do this experiment? Or more accurately, given what you actually found, why MIGHT you have wanted to do this experiment? Your report, in other words, should not be biographical or historical. Experiments are often exploratory; we often are not testing a specific hypothesis. And, in any case, readers really don't care what you THOUGHT you might find but did not. The paper should tell a story about what the data actually show. Summarize results of earlier research that are necessary to account for the conduct of the experiment (as relevant to the interesting aspects of your results) and help the reader to able to have some expectations about what the experiment will show (whether right or wrong).Pay attention to your use of verb tenses in the text. It is easy (but confusing to readers) to slip back and forth between `The subject read the words at two speaking rates' and later `We measure the duration of the vowels by ....’Avoid this.The last paragraph before the Methods should sketch in readable style the basic logic of the experimental design to come. Eg, “Thus, in the following experiment, Ss were asked to read words with both voicing values in position X at two speaking rates in order to see whether rate has an effect on the ratio of the vowel duration to consonant duration. Weexpected to find no difference in ratio due to speaking rate.'' (Or whatever.)METHODS:There are 3 logical parts to the methods: the Independent Variables(input variables, the things you controlled: place of article, word length, speaking rate, etc or whatever), the Task performed by the subjects, and the Dependent Variables. You have a task (eg, reading these phrases in a some way) for which certain values of the IV s are set (eg, +/-voice, +/- front, final stops at two speaking rates, etc.). Then you measure the DV s (eg, vowel durations, F0 contours, whatever). Finally you look for ways in which the DV s are structured by (influenced by) the IV s. This section should be tight and business-like in style.Of course, you need to tell your readers about at least the following: •characteristics of your subjects (sex, native language, age range, etc.; and the instructions you gave them),•how the recordings were made, including major equipment items, •analysis of the recordings; the measurement procedures; the software employed. Describe any special problems in measurementthat arose and your solution to them,•describe the statistics you performed, if any.RESULTS:Systematically go through the relevant aspects of your data. Present tables and graphs of the DV s. The organization of these paragraphs will probably be in terms of the IV s. For example, "The change in value of IV affects both DV1 and DV2,".)Describe the important features of the data in the text. Lead the reader through the tables and figures (eg, "As can be seen in the left side of Figure 1,..."). Devise data presentation techniques that make the real meaning of the data as clear as possible. Be sure to label graphs and figures clearly. Organization of paragraphs would normally be in terms of the independent variables.DISCUSSION:1) Organization of paragraphs (subsections) may often be in terms of independent variables (i.e. the factors varied in the experimental design).2) Compare your results to previous similar experiments. To what extent do your results resemble those found before?3) What new discoveries have you found? What is their significance to specific and more general issues in the area?CONCLUSIONS:Review and summarize very briefly what was done in this experiment and what you found in the results. State in general terms the most important discovery in the experiment. You may also want to suggest follow-up experiments.Notes on Experimental Writing Style1) Avoid first person pronouns no matter how awkward it may seem. "I asked the Ss to..." => "The Ss were asked to...".2) Paper is cheap! It is easier to spread out your text and figures and use many separate pages.3) Be as pithy as possible. Learn to use standard verbal formulas to abbreviate descriptions of methods, statistics, etc. Never be concerned that your paper is too short. It can only be too long. Say everything you have to say and no more. If you want to stretch out your paper, do it in the Discussion-- keep the Methods and Results tight, systematic and predictable.4) Make a careful outline that you update as you write. It's generally easiest to write the Methods first, then Results (starting a new page), then sketch out the Discussion (starting a new page), and finally create an easily read and descriptive title. Then write the Introduction last.5) When completed, the order of parts should be: Abstract, Text, References, Tables (on a separate pages unless very small), Figures (each on a separate page unless very small and labeled at the bottom). All tables and figures need a legend (on the page or listed on a separate page). Staple on diagonal in upper left hand corner. No fancy covers or plastic folders! Typed, of course, and EVERYTHING DOUBLE SPACED.6) Use plenty of Figures! Be creative with figures to facilitate the reader's understanding.But most of all HAVE FUN.。
各项实验报告英文
各项实验报告英文Title: Experimental Report on Various ExperimentsIntroductionIn this experimental report, we will discuss the findings and results of several different experiments conducted in the fields of physics, chemistry, and biology. Each experiment aimed to test a specific hypothesis and contribute to the overall understanding of the respective scientific discipline.Experiment 1: The Effects of Temperature on the Rate of Chemical ReactionsIn this experiment, we investigated the impact of temperature on the rate of chemical reactions. By varying the temperature of a reaction between two substances and measuring the rate of reaction at different temperatures, we were able to observe a clear correlation between temperature and reaction rate. Our findings indicated that as temperature increased, the rate of the chemical reaction also increased, supporting the well-established principle of the Arrhenius equation.Experiment 2: The Behavior of Light in Different MediumsIn this experiment, we explored the behavior of light as it traveled through different mediums. By passing a beam of light through various substances with different refractive indices, we were able to observe the phenomenon of refraction and understand how the speed of light changes in different mediums. Our results confirmed the well-known laws of refraction and provided valuable insights into the behavior of light.Experiment 3: The Effects of pH on Enzyme ActivityIn this experiment, we investigated the effects of pH on the activity of an enzyme. By subjecting the enzyme to different pH levels and measuring its activity at each pH, we were able to determine the optimal pH for the enzyme's activity. Our findings revealed that the enzyme exhibited the highest activity at a specific pH, highlighting the importance of maintaining optimal pH conditions for enzyme function.ConclusionIn conclusion, the experiments conducted in this report have provided valuable insights and contributed to the understanding of various scientific phenomena. The findings of these experiments have implications for a wide range of applications, from industrial processes to medical treatments. By continuing to conduct rigorous and systematic experiments, we can further advance our knowledge and contribute to the progress of science and technology.。
实验报告感想用英文
实验报告感想用英文IntroductionIn this experimental report reflection, I would like to share my thoughts and reflections on the experiments I conducted during the course of the semester. These experiments were designed to enhance my understanding of various scientific concepts and principles, as well as to develop my practical skills in the laboratory.Experiment 1: Measurement and UncertaintyIn the first experiment, I learned about the importance of accurate measurements and the concept of uncertainty. It was interesting to see how even the smallest error in measurement can have a significant impact on the final results. This experiment emphasized the need for thoroughness and precision in conducting scientific experiments. Experiment 2: Acid-Base TitrationThe acid-base titration experiment was particularly challenging but rewarding. I gained hands-on experience in performing complex experiments involving multiple steps and calculations. The experiment not only enhanced my understanding of acid-base reactions but also improved my laboratory skills, such as pipetting and conducting precise volume measurements.Experiment 3: Electrolysis of WaterThe electrolysis of water experiment was fascinating and provided mewith a deeper understanding of electrolysis and the principles behind it. Seeing the chemical reactions taking place and observing the resulting products was both intriguing and informative. This experiment also reinforced the knowledge I gained regarding the properties of water and its chemical behavior.Experiment 4: Optical SpectroscopyThe optical spectroscopy experiment introduced me to the world of spectroscopy and its applications in chemical analysis. By measuring the absorption and emission spectra of different solutions, I learned how to identify unknown substances based on their unique spectral patterns. This experiment expanded my knowledge of spectroscopic techniques and their practical uses.Experiment 5: Microbial Culture TechniquesThe microbial culture techniques experiment was a hands-on experience in microbiology and taught me the importance of aseptic techniques in handling microorganisms. The process of growing microbial cultures and observing their growth patterns was fascinating and provided me with a better understanding of microbiological principles. This experiment also highlighted the significance of maintaining a sterile environment to prevent contamination.ConclusionOverall, the series of experiments conducted throughout the semesterhave been instrumental in my scientific development. They have not only enhanced my theoretical understanding but also improved my practical skills in the laboratory. The experiments also allowed me to gain a deeper appreciation for the scientific method and the importance of accurate measurements and precise techniques. I look forward to applying the knowledge and skills I acquired from these experiments in future scientific endeavors.。
化学实验报告 英文
化学实验报告英文Chemistry Experiment ReportIntroduction:In the field of science, experiments play a crucial role in deepening our understanding of various phenomena. This report aims to present the findings and observations from a recent chemistry experiment conducted in the laboratory. The experiment focused on the reaction between two chemicals and explored the effects of different variables on the reaction rate.Experimental Procedure:The experiment began by carefully measuring and preparing the required chemicals: sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). These chemicals were chosen due to their well-known reaction, which produces salt and water. The experiment aimed to investigate how factors such as concentration, temperature, and catalysts influenced the reaction rate.To start the experiment, a fixed volume of NaOH solution was poured into a conical flask. The concentration of NaOH was varied in different trials, ranging from 0.1 M to 1.0 M. The flask was placed on a magnetic stirrer to ensure uniform mixing. Then, a burette was used to add a fixed volume of HCl solution to the flask. The reaction was monitored by observing the formation of a white precipitate, indicating the completion of the reaction.Results and Discussion:The experiment revealed several interesting findings. Firstly, it was observed thatas the concentration of NaOH increased, the reaction rate also increased. This can be attributed to the higher number of NaOH particles available to react with HCl, leading to more frequent collisions and faster reaction kinetics. Furthermore, the effect of temperature on the reaction rate was investigated. It was found that as the temperature increased, the reaction rate also increased. This can be explained by the kinetic theory of gases, which states that at higher temperatures, particles possess greater kinetic energy and move more rapidly. Consequently, more collisions occur, resulting in a faster reaction rate.The influence of catalysts on the reaction rate was also examined. A small amount of catalyst, in the form of manganese(IV) oxide (MnO2), was added to the reaction mixture. It was observed that the presence of the catalyst significantly increased the reaction rate. Catalysts provide an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy, allowing the reaction to proceed more rapidly.Conclusion:In conclusion, this experiment provided valuable insights into the factors affecting the reaction rate between NaOH and HCl. The concentration of the reactants, temperature, and the presence of catalysts were identified as key variables influencing the rate of the reaction. Understanding these factors is crucial in various industrial processes where reaction rates play a vital role.It is important to note that this experiment focused on a specific reaction and variables. Further research could explore the effects of other factors, such aspressure and surface area, on the reaction rate. Additionally, investigating the reaction kinetics using mathematical models could provide a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms.Overall, this experiment highlights the significance of chemistry in unraveling the mysteries of the natural world. By conducting experiments and analyzing the results, scientists can uncover fundamental principles that govern chemical reactions, paving the way for advancements in various fields, including medicine, energy, and materials science.。
英文实验报告的格式和写法
英⽂实验报告的格式和写法英⽂实验报告的格式和写法英⽂实验报告的格式和写法⼀份最标准的实验报告的格式：1. Abstract2. Introduction3. Method4. Results5. Discussion6. Conclusion7. ReferenceAbstract摘要摘要，就是整篇⽂章摘出来的要。
强烈建议整篇⽂章写完后再写摘要。
把⽂章每个部分选⼀些句⼦出来就可以拼凑成⼀个abstract了。
⼀个abstract 的模板：1 ⼀两句话说明这个实验的主要理论依据，或者实验需要证明的假说。
2 ⼀两句话说⼀下这个理论或者假说的相关的研究。
3 两三句话描述⼀下实验4 两三句话概括⼀下实验结果5 ⼀句话说⼀个结论，解释⼀下这个实验的意义或结果的重要性转⼀个别⼈的example:Does a child’s focus correlate with barometr ic pressure? if so, does it correlatepositively or negatively? Tucker (1999) hypothesized a negative correlation, but this assertion has never been tested. Our team used the MISHA CPT to measure the focus of a group of 150 third-grade students. we dividedthe students into three groups of 50 students. one group took the MISHA CPT when barometric pressure was low, another group took it when barometric pressure was neutral, and the final group took it when barometric pressure was high. the results found that children focused significantly better when barometric pressure was low than when barometric pressure was neutral or high. the results suggest that when diagnosing ADHD, practitioners should give the CPT when barometric pressure is neutral.IntroductionIntroduction以实验⽬的为开头，解释⼀下这个实验需要证明的东西。
微型实验报告英文模板
Title: [Experiment Name]Objective(s):- To [state the primary objective of the experiment].- To [state any secondary objectives or learning outcomes].Materials:- [List all the materials used in the experiment, including equipment, chemicals, and any other items required].Procedure:1. [Step 1: Description of the first step in the procedure, including any setup or preparation required].2. [Step 2: Description of the second step, including any measurements or observations taken].3. [Step 3: Description of the third step, if applicable].4. [Continue with subsequent steps, ensuring each is clearly described and includes any necessary measurements or observations].Results:- [Table or figure 1: Present your data in a clear and organized format. Include labels, units, and any necessary descriptions].- [Table or figure 2: If applicable, include additional data or results].- [Graphs or charts: If relevant, include graphs or charts to illustrate the data or trends].Discussion:- [Introduction to the discussion section, briefly summarizing the main findings of the experiment].- [Explanation of the results, discussing how they relate to the objectives and literature].- [Analysis of any unexpected results or deviations from the expected outcomes].- [Comparison of your results with those found in the literature or with the predictions made before the experiment].- [Conclusions drawn from the experiment, including any limitations or areas for further investigation].Conclusion:- [Summary of the main findings and their implications].- [Reiteration of the experiment's objectives and whether they were achieved].- [Suggestions for future experiments or improvements to the current procedure].References:- [List any references cited in the report, following the appropriate citation style].Appendices:- [Include any additional information or data that may be helpful for understanding the experiment but is not essential for the main report].Acknowledgments:- [Optional section to acknowledge anyone who assisted with the experiment, provided materials, or contributed to the research in any way].---Example of a Microscopic Experiment ReportTitle: Study of Cell Structures Using a Compound MicroscopeObjective(s):- To observe and identify various cell structures using a compound microscope.- To understand the significance of these structures in cellular function.Materials:- Compound microscope- Slides with different cell samples (e.g., plant cells, animal cells)- Cover slips- Lens cleaner- Light source- Microscope slide holder- Magnification chartsProcedure:1. [Set up the compound microscope with the appropriate light source and focus the lens to obtain a clear view of the slide holder].2. [Prepare the slides by placing a drop of water on a clean slide and placing a cover slip over a small sample of the cell material].3. [Place the slide on the microscope stage and adjust the focus until the cells are in sharp focus].4. [Observe the cells at different magnifications and record your observations].5. [Clean the lenses with lens cleaner after each observation].Results:- [Table 1: Data on cell size and shape observed at different magnifications].- [Figure 1: Microscopic images of plant and animal cells showing various structures].Discussion:- [The results show that plant cells have a rigid cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts, while animal cells lack a cell wall and have a smaller vacuole].- [These observations are consistent with the literature and confirm the presence of characteristic cell structures].- [The presence of chloroplasts in plant cells indicates their ability to perform photosynthesis, while the lack of chloroplasts in animalcells suggests they rely on external sources for energy].- [The experiment highlights the importance of cell structure in the functioning of different types of cells].Conclusion:- [The objectives of the experiment were achieved by successfully observing and identifying various cell structures].- [The experiment provides a basic understanding of the differences between plant and animal cells and their structural adaptations for different functions].- [Future experiments could involve studying the dynamics of cellular processes or the effects of different environmental conditions on cell structures].References:- [Biology textbook or scientific journal articles on cell structure and function].Appendices:- [Additional microscopic images and detailed measurements of cell sizes and shapes].。
自由落体实验英文报告范例Freefall
No. Date: Student number:Name:Title:Freefall【Aim】请参考讲义，内容用英文手写。
拍照后截图插入此处，要求拍照内容清晰，窗口大小可自行调整。
【Theory】请参考讲义，内容用英文手写。
拍照后截图插入此处，要求拍照内容清晰，窗口大小可自行调整。
一、作图要求：1、描绘出自由落体运动的原理图；2、原理图需要手工描绘。
二、内容要求：1、重力加速度的含义；2、重力加速度的影响因素；3、自由落体运动公式。
1【Table】【Results】数据分析及结果撰写要求（英文撰写）：1、利用作图求得的斜率求出重力加速度大小，查找自己所在地的纬度值，按照讲义中的公式（4）计算自己所在地的重力加速度大小，并与测量值进行比较，计算百分偏差大小，百分偏差在±5.0%以内的都是合理的。
2、百分偏差计算例子：测量值：g测量=9.56 m/s2；福州地区重力加速度g理论=9.78 m/s2 ；g的相对误差值为：%3.2%10078.978.956.9%100--=⨯-=⨯=理论理论测量gggB【Conclusions】请对本实验测量做个总结，内容用英文手写。
拍照后截图插入此处，要求拍照内容清晰，窗口大小可自行调整。
总结示例：在本实验中，我们利用手机软件Phyphox的声学秒表功能来测量小重物自由落体的时间。
测量时通过多次重复测量的方法来减小偶然误差，利用作图的方法求出高度与时间平方的比值大小，最终计算得到**地区（例如：福州地区）的重力加速度大小。
实验测量值与当地的重力加速度的理论值还是比较接近的。
Score: T A: Date :附录：1、演示视频文件：用手机Phyphox做自由落体实验.mp4，文件已经上传至群文件。
2、手机Phyphox APP：3、实验示例：自由落体测重力加速度实验仪器：米尺，空的纸盒子，小重物（如小球，小核桃等），手机（需要安装Phyphox）实验步骤：（1）从手机应用或网页下载Phyphox；（2）将纸盒放于桌上，用米尺标定离纸盒正上方0.500 m高度，手拿小重物悬在标定高度上，将手机放在空的纸盒附近，打开Phyphox中的声学秒表，如下图所示。
【优质文档】化学英语实验报告-实用word文档 (5页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==化学英语实验报告篇一：英文版化学实验报告Preparation of ethyl acetateFirst, the purpose of the experiment:1、 Learn from the general principles of organic synthetic esters and methods2、 Master distillation, extraction, drying and other experimental techniques and its application in aspecific experimentSecond, the experimental principle:Main reaction：CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH=CH3COOCH2CH3+H2OConditions: heating to 120 to 125 °C in concentratedsulfuric acid catalyzedSide effects：浓H2SO4CH3CH2OH--------->CH2=CH2+H2O170度浓H2SO4CH3CH2OH--------->CH3CH2OCH2CH3+H2O140度Third, the instruments and reagents:1、 Instruments and materials: Round-bottomed flask,Spherical condenser, Straight condenser，Distillationhead, a separatory funnel, measuring beakers, dropper, conical flask, thermometer, electric2、 drugs: Glacial acetic acid (AR), absolute ethanol (AR),concentrated sulfuric acid, saturated brine, a saturated sodium carbonate solution, a saturated calcium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, litmusFourth,Reactor：Fifth,Experimental procedure:Adding 50ml round bottom flask 3ml 5ml ethanol and acetic acid, in shaking batch of concentrated sulfuric acid was added1.3ml mixed, and add a few grains of zeolite, and then install the instrument responseLow heat, slowly reflux for 30 minutes. Coolish, reflux device to the distillation apparatus, wetted with cold water to cool the bottle. Heating distillation until the distillate liquid volume is about half the volume of the reaction so far to give the crude product in ethyl acetateThe distillate was slowly saturated sodium carbonate solution was added portionwise, and oscillate until the evolution of carbondioxide gas without using litmus paper test acetate layer was neutral. The mixture was then transferred to a separatory funnel, andseparated aqueous layer was washed once with saturated aqueous saline solution 3ml The organic layer was washed with a saturated solutionof calcium chloride 3ml, washed with water and finally once. The organic layer in a dry Erlenmeyer flask filled with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The crude ethyl acetate, dried on a water bath heated to distill, collecting fractions 73 to 78°C. Weigh or measure product volume, and calculate the yield point or refractive index measurement products。
实验报告英文格式
实验报告英文格式Experimental Report FormatIntroductionIn scientific research, experimental reports play a crucial role in presenting the findings and conclusions of a study. These reports follow a specific format, which ensures clarity, consistency, and reproducibility. In this article, we will discuss the key components of an experimental report in English, highlighting their importance and providing examples where necessary.TitleThe title of an experimental report should be concise and informative, accurately reflecting the essence of the study. It should be written in a way that captures the attention of the reader while conveying the main focus of the experiment. For instance, a suitable title for a study investigating the effects of caffeine on cognitive performance could be "The Impact of Caffeine Consumption on Cognitive Function: A Controlled Experiment."AbstractThe abstract provides a brief summary of the experiment, highlighting the objectives, methods, results, and conclusions. It should be concise, usually ranging from 100 to 250 words. The abstract serves as a snapshot of the entire report, allowing readers to quickly determine if the study is relevant to their area of interest.IntroductionThe introduction section provides background information on the topic, justifies the need for the study, and outlines the research question or hypothesis. It should include a literature review, highlighting previous research related to the experiment. The introduction sets the context for the experiment and helps the reader understand the significance of the study. For example, in a report investigating the effects of exercise on mood, the introduction could discuss the existing literature on the relationship between physical activity and mental well-being.MethodsThe methods section describes in detail how the experiment was conducted. It should include information on the participants, materials used, procedures followed, and data collection methods. This section should be written in a clear and concise manner, allowing other researchers to replicate the study. For instance, in a report on a study examining the impact of a new drug on blood pressure, the methods section would include details on the dosage, administration, and monitoring procedures.ResultsThe results section presents the findings of the experiment. It should be organized in a logical and systematic manner, using tables, graphs, and figures to enhance clarity. The results should be presented objectively, without interpretation or discussion. For example, if the experiment involved measuring the growth rate of plants under different lighting conditions, the results sectionwould include the measurements recorded and any statistical analysis performed.DiscussionThe discussion section allows the researchers to interpret the results, compare them with previous studies, and draw conclusions. It should address the research question or hypothesis and provide explanations for the findings. Additionally, any limitations or potential sources of error should be acknowledged. The discussion section offers an opportunity to critically analyze the experiment and suggest future directions for research. For instance, in a report on a study investigating the effects of a new teaching method on student performance, the discussion section would analyze the results and discuss their implications for educational practices.ConclusionThe conclusion section summarizes the main findings of the experiment and restates the significance of the study. It should be concise and avoid introducing new information. The conclusion provides closure to the report and emphasizes the key takeaways for the reader.ReferencesThe references section lists all the sources cited within the report. It should follow a specific citation style, such as APA or MLA, ensuring proper credit is given to the original authors.In conclusion, an experimental report in English follows a structured format thatincludes a title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, conclusion, and references. Each section serves a specific purpose, contributing to the overall clarity and comprehensibility of the report. By adhering to this format, researchers can effectively communicate their findings and contribute to the scientific knowledge in their respective fields.。
关于英文版化学实验报告
篇一：英文版化学实验报告Title: Preparation of Fe scrap from waste(NH4)The purpose of the experimentLearn the method used scrap iron preparation of ferrous ammonium sulfate.Familiar with the water bath, filtered, and evaporated under reduced pressure and crystallization basic working.The experimental principle, the iron and sulfuric acid to generate reactive ferrous sulfate, ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate in an aqueous solution of equal molar interaction, becomes less soluble blue generate ferrous ammonium sulfate.Fe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2 (gas)FeSO4+ (NH4)2SO4+6H2O=(NH4) Usually ferrous rocks are easily oxidized in air, but after the formation of relatively stable perfunctory, not to be oxidized.Experiment to use instruments, scales, constant temperature water bath, pumps, basins, cups, 10ml graduated cylinder, asbestos mesh, glass, tripod, alcohol lamp, funnel.Iron pieces to a solid pharmaceutical use, use of acid ammonium sulfate and 3mol / l of sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid.The experiment was divided into four steps.The first step Said iron powder 4g into a beaker and then 50ml10ml, 3mol / L H2SO4 was added to the same beaker. The second step will be the beaker is heated to no more bubbles, and then filtered hot and the filtrate was then filled in 100ml beaker. The third step, called 4g (NH4)2SO4, and the resultingammonium sulfate and of water to form a saturated solution, and then add it to the ferrous sulfate solution, adjusted with concentrated sulfuric acid to PH = 1. A fourth step, the third step the solution was heated in a water bath to the surface until the film is crystallized, it was slowly cooled andthen filtered under reduced pressure to stand finally dried, weighed and the yield was calculated. The results obtained bluish powderycrystals. Have this result we can calculate yield, starting with the first step we tried to know the amount of iron, should this wecan calculate the theoretical sulfate ferrous sulfate is , thenferrous sulfate obtained by thetheoretical value of ammonium. FeSO4+（NH4）2SO4+6H2O=FeSO4.(NH4) molX=m=XM=ⅹ392g/mol=Yield = the actual value of the formula is divided by the theoretical value by 100%.it will be calculated into the dataobtained in a yield of %.篇二：英文版化学实验报告The preparation of alkali type copper carbonateThe first:the experiment purposethe methods of alkali type copper carbonate prepared andprinciplethe design experiment to cultivate independent design abilityand chemical research thinkingThe second:the experimental principleThe solubility of Cu(OH)2and CuCO3 are similar, With Cu2(OH)2CO3 solid precipitation in the solution.2CuSO4+2Na2CO3+H2O==Cu2(OH)2CO3↓+2Na2SO4+CO2↑The third:the experimental stepspreparationDisposes mole of each litre acid sour coppers and sodiumcarbonate solution each 100 milliliters.feeding order and raw material compare the explorationAccording to 2:,2:2,2:,2: allocated proportion, is accepted after passing an examination the surface disposition acid sour copper and the sodium carbonate solution, joins in separately 8 test tubes,joins rapidly the sulfuric acid copper solutions in the sodium carbonate solution, vibrates about other constant temperature ten minutes as for 75 degrees Celsius water baths in, the inversion feeding order recreates one time, the observation has the precipitation speed, quantity how many and the color,discovers the optimum condition.explorationAccording to the above optimum condition, takes the acid sour copper solutions and the sodium carbonate solution separately under 50, 75 and 100 degrees Celsius responded that, discovers the optimum temperature.to 2, 3 step exploration optimum condition prepares the final product, and with the distilled water lavation, finally dries and calls heavily.(Enlarges ten times with conical flask to do)The fourth:the experimental itemsInstrument and material: The balance, the beaker, the glass rod, the Volumetric flask, the test tube, the filter flask,the Buchner funnel, the Erlenmeyer flaskChemicals: Copper carbonate, sodium sulfateThe fifth:the experimental resultthe step 2, the observation phenomenon optimum condition is equal to for the cupric sulfate compared to the sodium carbonate 2:, the feeding order for joins the sulfuric acid copper solutions to the sodium carbonate solution in.the step 3, the observation phenomenon optimum temperature is 75 degrees Celsiusto the copper sulfate solution than sodium carbonatesolution is 2:2. 4, ten times magnification, alkali type copper carbonate was zero point five grams, according to the reaction equation calculation yield.2CuSO4+2Na2CO3+H2O==Cu2(OH)2CO3↓+2Na2SO4+CO2↑2 1* X2/(*)=1/XX=M[Cu2(OH)2CO3]=*222=Productive rate:/*100%=45%The sixth : Questions1. Which cupric salt suit the system to take the cupric basic carbonate? Answer:Cu(NO)3 or CuSO42. The reaction temperature has what influence to this experiment?.Answer:The temperature excessively is low, the response speed is slow; The hyperpyrexia, the Cu2(OH)2CO3 decomposition is CuO.3. Reaction is carried out at what temperature will appear Brown product? What is the brown substance?Answer: The temperature is equal to 100 degrees Celsius and this brown material is CuO.篇三：化学专业英语实验报告In the physiological saline the sodium chloride content determinationone, the experimental goal1、 the study silver nitrate standard solution configuration and the demarcation method2、 the grasping law raises Si Fa to determine the chloride ion the method principle two, the experimental principleWith AgNO3 standard solution titration Cl - Ag + + Cl - = = AgCl，At ph - available fluorescent yellow do indicator (HFIn)HFIn = = FIn (yellow) + H +Sp before: excessive, AgCl precipitation adsorption of Cl - AgCl Cl - + FIn - (yellow-green)After Sp: Ag +, excessive AgCl precipitation Ag + adsorption, adsorption FIn - reprecipitation AgCl, Ag + + FIn - = = AgCl, Ag +, FIn - (pink) The finish color changes: from yellowish green to orange Three, instruments and reagentsEquipment and materials：Acid type buret (150 ml), taper bottle (250 ml), volumetric flask (100 ml), pipette (20 ml, 10 ml), measuring cylinder (100 ml, 10 ml), beaker (100 ml), brown reagent bottles (500 ml), analytical balance, platform scale. The reagent and drug: Analysis of AgNO3 (s, pure), NaCl (s,analysis of pure), physiological saline, fluorescent yellow - starch. Fourth, the experimental stepsAccurately moving 25 ml co ncentration is mol ╱ L of silver nitrate standard solution in the middle of 250 ml volumetric flask, dilute to scale as a standard solution titration.Accurately moving saline ml to 250 ml conical flask, add 50 ml water, 3 drops of fluorescent yellow indicator, 5% starch indicator 5 ml, under continuous agitation, using silver nitratestandard solution titration to solution from yellow to pink is the end point. Record the consumption volume of silver nitratestandard solution, parallel determination of 3, calculate the sodium chloride content in saline and relative mean deviation.Fifth, data recording and processingFormula: ρ = V×MrNaCl×CAgNO3 x 100The average deviation d= dr=d/ρ×100%=%实验名称：硅片的清洗实验目的：1.熟悉清洗设备2.掌握清洗流程以及清洗前预准备实验设备：1.半导体兆声清洗机（SFQ-1006T）；SC-2实验背景及原理：清洗的目的在于清除表面污染杂质，包括有机物和无机物。
大学物理实验 4-2实验报告(英文版)
1 0.0512 0.0511
2 0.0511 0.0510
3 0.0513 0.0512
4 0.0512 0.0511
5 0.0515 0.0514
6 0.0513 0.0512
������0 = 0.0001������������ ������������������ =0.0512cm Data analysis: 1.������������ = ������ 2 + ∆2 ������������ = 0.004������������ 2.������������ = 1������������������������ = 5������������������������ = 0.02������������ ������������������ ± ������������ =0.512±0.004mm L± ������������ =83.25±0.5cm D± ������������ = 298.72 ± 1cm l± ������������ = 7.55 ± 0.02cm 3.
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can be known by counting the number of the weights. L can be measuredby the tape; A can be counted by using the microcalliper.∆L is too small to measure directly, we must use the Elastic modulus instrument. Light lever principle is used to measurethe small change amplification. By using reflector we can make the small length change big, in the end, we get E=8DLmg/π������ 2 l(X-������0 ). D is the distance between the reflector and the ruler, l is the length of light leverage. L is the primitive length of the steel, d is the radius of it. Procedure: 1. Adjusting instrument device Adjusting the reflector and then we can see the ruler through the telescope. Adjusting the telescope so that we can see the scale on the ruler clearly. 2. Put eight weights on the hook; write down the X on the ruler
Lab-report-物理实验报告(英文)
IntroductionCapacitor is widely used in a variety of fields as it can store electric energy, such as Filtering, resonant circuit and moving phase. Different capacitors have different abilities to store energy, which is due to the difference of capacitance. Capacitance is the ability of a capacitor to store charge in an electric field, it is also a measure of the amount of electric potential energy stored (or separated) for a given electric potential. This report is going to investigate the capacitance of a capacitor made from the experiment by using different DC methods. Before the capacitor made from the experiment is measured, three DC methods will be tested to verify whether these methods are efficient by measuring the capacitance of the known capacitor. In addition, after measuring the unknown capacitor, the whole capacitors will be connected in parallel and the total size of capacitance will be measured.TheoryCapacitance can be found by using:dAC r ⨯⨯=εε0. This is for two flat plates. As for the formula, C is the capacitance of a capacitor, A is the area of flat plates, d is the distance between the two flat plates, 0ε is the permittivity of vacuum, r ε is the relative permittivity. Permittivity is constant of proportionality that relates the electric field in a material to the electric displacement in that material and relative permittivity is the ratio of the permittivity of a substance tothat of free space or vacuum. Different materials have different relative permittivity, the behind table includes the relative permittivity of some different material:Source: (The Engineering Tool Box, 2021.)When two capacitors are placed in series, the charge on each plate is of equalof charges on plate and V is the voltage across the capacitor). When ais the initial voltage adding on the capacitor, e is a constant and it is 2.718, R is resistance, C is capacitance and 0I is the initial current flowing through the capacitor). Analogously, when a capacitor is discharged, it flows RCt e V V -=0and RCt e I I -=0.MethodsApparatus :Power supply, leads, ruler, calipers, clips, known capacitor, aluminum foil,cling-film, paper, multi-meter, video camera.Part A: using three different ways to measure the capacitance if the given capacitor.Method1 of part A Diagram1:This method is measuring the increasing voltage of the given resistor while the capacitor is charged. Voltage of the resister is measured by a multi-meter, which is a tool that can measure many quantities such as voltage, current, and resistance. The given capacitor has an area(A) of 21m , and the distance(d) ism 5102-⨯. The V changes very fast, so there needs a resister to slow it downand a camera to record. The voltage of capacitor can be found by measuring the voltage of the resister, as voltage of the capacitor is equal to the output voltage subtracting the voltage of resistor: R output C V V V -=. When the loop is connected, using the camera to record the change of voltage. After recording, drawing a graph of the V (V should be the voltage of capacitor and it is equal toResistorCapacitorPower supplyVoltmeterR output V V ) and t (the time constant) , then using the equation in theory to findRC and C.Table1: Result of method 1of part AAnalysis for the method1Graph 1: this graph is drawn from the result of method 1.Graph2: the standard graph.V (voltage)t(time)/sThe initial voltage (0V ) is 1.45V. )1(0RCt eV V --=, when t=RC,632.0110=-=-e V V,0V =1.45V, so V=0.91V, from the graph, t=9s when V=0.91V. Therefore, RC is equal to 9, as the resistance of resistor(R) is given and which is ΩK 390, uF R t C 233900009===. The capacitance of capacitor is uF 5.4, but here the result is uF 23, so the experiment works not well. There are some reasons resulting to the big error between the real value and experiment value. First of all, comparing the standard graph with the result graph, When time is zero, the voltage also should be zero, however, the voltage of capacitor is not zero as t=0, this is due to the capacitor has some charges in it before the loop is connected. Second, as the data is gotten from the video by eyes, there exists the manmade error. Third, the voltmeter itself is a resistor, this also will cause the error. In addition, when the experiment is operated, the loop is not connected very well and the capacitor has been used. Method2 of part A Diagram2:This method is measuring the current while the capacitor is charging. The way of method 2 is same as method 1and the resistor, power supply and capacitor are still the same. First, using the camera to record data. Then, drawing a graph according to these data. Last, calculating the capacitance according to the graph. For this method, the formula is RCt e I I -=0(0I is the initial currentflowing through the capacitor).Table2: Result of method 2of part AAnalysis for the method2Graph 3: this graph is drawn from the result of method 2.The relationship between the current and time is RCt eI I -=0. When t=RC,10-=e I I , the initial current(0I ) is 5.51A, so I=2.03A. From the graph, the time (t) is1.7s when I=5.52A. As t=RC, so RC=1.7,uF F R C 36.41036.43900007.17.16=⨯===-. The capacitance of capacitor is uF 5.4. Comparing the result and the real capacitance, this method works well.However, there are still some errors which are cannot be avoided. For example, the data gotten from the video is not accuracy.Method 3 of part A Diagram3CapacitorThis method is measuring the voltage while discharging. Similar to the method1 and 2, this method is also using camera to record the data and drawing a graph, then, using the graph and formula to get the capacitance of the capacitor.Table3: Result of method 3of part AAnalysis for the method3Graph 4: this graph is drawn from the result of method 3.When a capacitor discharged: RCt eV V -=0. 0V =1.145V, When t=RC,V e e V V 421.0145.1110=⨯==--. From the graph, t=3s as V=0.421V, SO RC=3, uF R C 7.739000033===. The real capacitance is uF 5.4, comparing the result with the real, the result is not accuracy. There are also some errors exist, the first is the there is some current flowing through the voltmeter which was ignored. The second is when the data recorded by eyes, there must be some manmade errors.Part B: Making a capacitorThis part is describing the process of making a capacitor by using cling-film and aluminum foil. First of all, putting cling-film on the desk and spreading it. Second, laying the aluminum foil on the cling-film tidily. Then, putting the cling-film above the aluminum foil again. The next, letting the aluminum on the top and make sure the two aluminum cannot touch each other. At last, rolling them carefully and using multi-meter to test whether there is current between the two aluminum foils for one meter a time. After rolling, the capacitor was made. The length of materials is 4 meters with a wide of 0.25 meters, so the area (A) is 1 meter square. The distance (d) between two aluminum foils ism 5102-⨯ which is measured by a calipers. If the capacitor needs to storemore charge, the area should be larger and the distance should be smaller.Part C: Measuring the capacitance of the capacitor made in class.Method 1 of part C: Diagram4:This part is going to Estimate the size of the capacitor (capacitance) which was made in class by using four methods. This method is measuring the capacitance by using a known capacitor and let them in series. The formula is2211V C V C =, uF C 5.42=, The voltage of capacitor 1 gotten from the experiment is 3.45v, the output voltage is 20v ,so V V V V O U TPU T 55.1621=-=, The result uF V V C C 938.01221==. In addition,d AC r εε0=, F 1201085.8-⨯=ε, Ais 21m and d is m 5102-⨯, therefore, 11.20==εεA Cdr . This result is reasonable and there are some errors exist. First, when the loop is connected, the capacitor will be charged and the data on voltmeter will change, so reading the initial data of the voltmeter(which was used as 2V ) is not accuracy. Second, the power supply has interval resistance, so the voltage of capacitor 1is not equal to 2V V OUTPUT - absolutely.Method 2 of part C: Diagram5This method is using the same method as method 1 of part A.Power supplyResisterVoltmeterCapacitorTable4: Result of method 2of part CAnalysis for the method2Graph 5: this graph is drawn from the result of method 1.The initial voltage (0V ) is 2.98V. )1(0RCt eV V --=, when t=RC,632.0110=-=-e V V,0V =2.98V, so V=1.88V, from the graph, t=1.7s when V=1.88V. Therefore, RC is equal to 1.7, as the resistance of resistor(R) is given and which is ΩK 390, uF R t C 8.33900005.1===. so the result is uF C 8.3=. dAC rεε0=, F 1201085.8-⨯=ε, A is 21m and d is m 5102-⨯, therefore, 6.80==εεA Cdr . This result is not good, what results the bad result is errors of this experiment such as the interval resistance of the voltmeter and the manmade error on reading the data from video. Method3 of part C Diagram6:This method is also using the same method as method 2 of part ATable5: Result of method 3 of part CAnalysis for the method3Graph 6: this graph is drawn from the result of method 3The relationship between the current and time is RCt eI I -=0. When t=RC,10-=e I I , the initial current(0I ) is 4.21A, so I=1.54A. From the graph, the time (t) is1.9s when I=1.54A. As t=RC, so RC=1.9,uF F R C 9.4109..43900009..19.16=⨯===-. dAC r εε0=, F 1201085.8-⨯=ε, A is21m and d is m 5102-⨯, so 110==εεA Cdr . This result is also not good. This experiment works not well. As there are some errors. For example, the data gotten from the video is not accuracy and the power supply has interval resistance.Method 4 of part C Diagram7This method is using the same way as method 3 in part A. Table6: Result of method 4of part CAnalysis for the method 4Graph 7: this graph is drawn from the result of method 4.When the capacitor discharged: RCt e V V -=0. 0V =3.1V, When t=RC,V e e V V 14.11.3110=⨯==--. From the graph, t=2.1s as V=1.14V, SO RC=2.1, uF R C 3.53900001.21.2===. dAC r εε0=, F 1201085.8-⨯=ε, A is 21m and d is m 5102-⨯, so 110==εεA Cdr . There are some errors with the method. First of all, the current will flow through the voltmeter but which was ignored. Second, the data gotten by eyes from the video cannot be very correct.Part D: making a bigger capacitorProducing a capacitor in industry is complex and the main process is: The film-> evaporate gold-plated of layer-> cutting-> winding-> > fu spraying zinc-> welding wire can-> assembly->-epoxy or vacuum Baptist-> block-> oil testing packaging (swordsky123, 2021,3,15.). This part is going to connect all of the capacitors made by the class in parallel to make a bigger capacitor and use three of the methods in part A to measure the total size. There are two capacitors made in class and they made in the same material with the same sizes. After finishing making the capacitors, the two capacitors were connected in parallel and then, measuring the total capacitance of the two capacitors by using the totally same three methods as part A. the results of the three methods are uF 3.3, uF 1.2 and uF 4.2respectively, choosing the average value, so the total capacitance of the two capacitor is uF 6.2, the capacitance of one capacitor isuF 3.126.2 (as the two capacitor are same). For this result, it is much more accuracy than the single connected capacitor. When two capacitors are connected together in parallel, the total capacitance will become bigger. Therefore, it is more accuracy. For example, when measuring the length of an object, if the length is only 1cm, it is not easy to measure, however, if the object has a length of 1m, it is easy to be measured.ConclusionThis report has investigated the capacitance of the capacitor made from the experiment by using four DC methods. The known capacitor is also measured by using three ways as well as the big capacitor made up of two same capacitors. Each method has a result, however, some methods work not very well and the result has a big difference with the real value. Among these methods, method 2 works better as the result is closest to the real value. To improve the method and make it more accuracy, there are some changes should be done. First of all, capacitance of the capacitor should be larger. Second, the capacitor should be charged longer. Third, the experiment should be done for several times and choosing the best result. Also, there are some other ways to measure the capacitance of a capacitor, constant-current method is a good way, the method is measuring the capacitance of a capacitor by the current and voltage, the relationship between them is CtI U c 0( Baidu Library , 2021.5.12.). This method is simple but efficient and it is widely used in companies and research centre.Reference listThe Engineering Tool Box (2021) Relative Permittivity - Dielectric Constant [Internet], Available from: :// engineeringtoolbox/relative-permittivity-d_1660.html[Accessed 15th march 2021].Swordsky123 (2021-3-15)Process of producing a Capacitor [Internet], Available from: ://zhidao.baidu /question/229291304.html [Accessed 21th march 2021].Baidu Library (2021) Communication and electronics[Internet], Available from: ://wenku.baidu /view/eed239eff8c75fbfc77db2d5.html [Accessed 22th march 2021].。
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实验报告的英文
Experimental Report in English
Introduction:
In the realm of scientific research and academia, experimental reports play a crucial role in documenting and communicating the findings of various studies. These reports serve as a means to present the objective, methods, results, and conclusions of an experiment in a clear and concise manner. This article aims to explore the structure and key components of an experimental report, highlighting the importance of effective communication in scientific research. Objective:
The objective section of an experimental report outlines the purpose and goal of the study. It provides readers with a clear understanding of what the researchers aimed to achieve through their experiment. This section often starts with a brief background, highlighting the significance of the research topic and the knowledge gap that the study intends to address.
Methods:
The methods section is a crucial part of an experimental report as it details the procedures and materials used in the study. It allows other researchers to replicate the experiment and verify the results. This section should include the experimental design, sample size, data collection methods, and any statistical analyses performed. Clear and concise descriptions are essential to ensure reproducibility and transparency.
Results:
The results section presents the findings of the experiment. It should be organized logically, using tables, graphs, or figures to represent the data collected. The results should be described objectively, avoiding any interpretation or speculation. It is important to include both quantitative and qualitative data, providing a comprehensive overview of the study's outcomes. Discussion:
The discussion section provides an opportunity to interpret and analyze the results obtained. Here, researchers can compare their findings with existing literature, identify patterns or trends, and discuss the implications of their results. It is crucial to relate the findings back to the objective of the study and address any limitations or potential sources of error. This section should also highlight the significance of the research and suggest future directions for further investigation.
Conclusion:
The conclusion section summarizes the main findings of the experiment and reiterates their significance. It should be concise and avoid introducing any new information. This section plays a crucial role in reinforcing the key takeaways of the study and highlighting its contribution to the field of research. References:
In an experimental report, it is essential to provide a list of references to acknowledge the sources of information and studies cited throughout the
document. This section should follow a specific citation style, such as APA or MLA, and include all the necessary details for each reference.
Appendices:
Depending on the complexity of the study, additional information such as raw data, calculations, or supplementary materials may be included in the appendices. These should be clearly labeled and referenced within the main body of the report when necessary.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, an experimental report serves as a vital tool for researchers to communicate their findings and contribute to the scientific community. By adhering to a structured format and including key components such as objectives, methods, results, discussion, and conclusions, researchers can effectively present their work. The clarity and accuracy of the report are crucial for other scientists to understand, replicate, and build upon the findings. Therefore, mastering the art of writing an experimental report is essential for any aspiring researcher.。