(人教版)高中英语必修一：Unit 1 Friendship语言点及其练习

Unit 1 Friendship 语言点
学习目标
重点词汇
upset, ignore, calm, concern, cheat, dare, power, suffer, settle
重点短语
add up, go through, set down, on purpose, in order to, face to face, fall in love, get along with, join in
重点句型
1. It/ This/ That is(was)+the first/the second/...time that从句
2. While/ When doing...
3. It is ... doing...
知识讲解
重点词汇
upset
【原句回放】Your friend comes to school very upset. 你的朋友来上学时心烦意乱。

【点拨】upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的(通常不置于名词前)
常用搭配：be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事烦心
Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine? (2018 广东高考)
She was really upset about the way her father treated her. 她为父亲对她的态度而烦恼。

He was upset at not being welcomed. 他因不受人欢迎而生气。

【拓展】upset vt. (upset，upset，upsetting) 使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱，扰乱（计划等）His father’s death upset him very much. 他父亲的死去让他心烦。

A large wave upset the boat. 大浪打翻了那条船。

The rain upset our plan for a picnic.大雨打乱了我们野炊的计划。

He made a movement and upset his glasses. 他动了一下，打翻了眼镜。

Cheese often upsets her stomach. 奶酪常使她感到肠胃不适。

ignore
【原句回放】You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. 你会不顾铃声，去一个安静的地方安慰你朋友。

【点拨】ignore vt.（故意）不理睬，忽视；不顾，忽略（不计）
She saw him coming but she ignored him. 她看到他来了，但无视他。

I can’t ignore his rudeness any longer. 我再也不能无视他的粗鲁无礼了。

The policeman ignored personal danger to save a little girl. 警察不顾个人危险救小姑娘。

(2018 四川高考) However, their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown... 但是，他们遥远的位置意味着法国的法律经常被忽略或者不为人所知……
【拓展】ignorance n. 无知，愚昧，不知道
ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的，不知道的
calm
【原句回放】…go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. 去一个安静的地方使你朋友冷静下来。

【点拨】calm vi.平静，镇静；vt. 使平静，使镇静
adj . 平静的；镇静的，沉着的
常用搭配：calm down平静下来
calm sb. down 使某人平静下来
The high wind passed and the sea was calm again.
大风过后，大海又平静了。

Try to keep calm and tell me what happened.
保持镇静，告诉我发生了什么事。

She tried to keep calm about it.
她尽力冷静对待这件事。

Calm down; there’s nothing to worry about.
冷静点儿，没有什么好担心的。

At last we calmed him down.
最终我们使他平静下来了。

concern
【原句回放】You will tell your friends that you are concerned about him/ her. 你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他/她。

【点拨】concern vt.涉及，关系到，参与；(使)担心，(使)操心
n.［U］关心，担忧；［C］关心的人（或）事
常用搭配：
concern sth. /sb. 与……有关系
concern oneself with/ about sb. / sth. 忙于；关心
be concerned about/for sb. /sth.忧虑，担心
be concerned with与……有关
We’re all concerned for her safety. 我们都为她的安全担心。

These problems concern all. 这些问题牵涉到所有人。

She concerns herself with her son’s future. = She is concerned about her son’s future.
她关心他儿子的未来。

The experts are concerned about the growth in the world’s population.
专家们在担心世界人口的增长。

There is growing concern about the effects of pollution on health．
有关污染对健康的影响的担心越来越多。

【拓展】concerned adj. 关心的，担忧的，焦虑的，相关的（作定语需后置）concerning prep. 关于
as far as sb./ sth. is concerned就……而言
I’m concerned that they may have got lost. 我担心他们可能已经迷路。

cheat
【原句回放】…，asks you to help him/ her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper. 让你帮助他作弊，让他看你的试卷。

【点拨】cheat 1. vt. 骗取；欺诈（某人）
常用搭配：cheat sb. (out) of sth. 骗某人某物
They cheated the old woman of her house and money. 他们骗取了老妇人的房屋和钱财。

2. vi. 行骗；欺诈；作弊；作假；
He never cheats to pass exams. 他从不以作弊的方式通过考试。

3. n. 欺骗(行为) ；骗子
The sheets I've bought are a cheat. 我买这些床单上当了。

【拓展】cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事
cheat on/at/ in… 作弊；欺诈；行骗
dare
【原句回放】…I didn’t dare open a window… ……我不敢打开窗户……
【点拨】dare 敢，竟敢
1. 作实义动词有人称和数的变化，后接不定式，但在否定句中to可以省略。

He dares to walk alone at night. 他敢晚上独自散步。

He doesn’t dare to take it home. 他不敢把它带回家。

2. dare作情态动词一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句，后接动词原形，不用于肯定句中（I dare say除外）。

How dare you ask me such a question？你怎么能问我这个问题呢？
I daren’t ask you because I thought I must be wrong. 我不敢问你，我想我肯定错了。

Dare he tell them what he knows? 他敢告诉他们他所知道的吗？
power
【原句回放】...the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power. ……雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。

【点拨】power n.能力；力量；权力
常用搭配：have the power to do 有权利做某事
come into power掌权（动作）；be in power掌权（状态）
brainpower智能；political power政权
electric/waterpower电/水力；power station发电站
She lost her power of speech. 她失去了说话的能力。

The police have the power to deal with such matters by law.
警察有权利依据法律处理这样的事。

【拓展】powerful adj.强有力的；强大的
powerless adj.无力量的；软弱的
powerfully adv. 强大地
suffer
【原句回放】she suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. 她忍受了孤独，但是在那儿她不得不学着喜欢它。

【点拨】suffer v. 遭受；忍受；经历
常用搭配：
suffer sth 经受，使遭受（多接loss 损失，pain疼痛，punishment惩罚，defeat失败等）suffer from… 患有(病痛), 为……所苦
suffer for 为……而受苦
He often suffers from headaches at night. 他晚上饱受头疼之苦。

He died quickly; he didn’t suffer very much. 他很快死了，没有受很多苦。

The company suffered a great loss because of the air crash.
由于这次空难，这家公司遭受巨大损失。

You will suffer for your foolishness some day. 总有一天,你会因你的愚蠢而受到惩罚。

【拓展】suffering n.苦难，令人痛苦的事
settle
【原句回放】She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place. 她发现在藏身之处要安定并冷静下来很难。

【点拨】settle vt. & vi. (使)安定；安排；定居；解决；调停；(鸟等) 栖息
This pill will help to settle your nerves. 这药片有助于安抚你的神经。

After years of travel, we decided to settle here. 周游数年后，我们决定在这儿安顿下来。

He settled himself on the sofa to watch TV. 他舒适地待在沙发上看电视。

The question has been settled. 这个问题已经解决了。

The bird settled on a branch. 鸟栖息在树枝上。

【拓展】settle down定居, 过安定生活；(使)安静下来, 平静下来
When are you going to marry and settle down?你们什么时候结婚安顿下来？
Wait until the children settle down before you start the lesson.
等孩子们安静下来你就开始上课。

重点短语
add up
【原句回放】Add up your score and see how many points you get. 把你的分数加起来，看你得了多少分。

【点拨】add up sth./add sth.up 把……加起来
常用搭配：add up to 加起来共计/达（不用于被动语态)
He is now adding up the bill. 他正在算帐单。

Add these figures up, and we can find the answer. 把这些数字加起来,我们就可以找到答数。

The cost of two trips added up to 1,000 dollars. 两次旅行的费用总计达1000美元。

All his school education added up to no more than one year．他的学校教育加起来不过一年。

【拓展1】相关短语
1. add...to... 把……加到/进……里
Add 6 and 6 to make 12. 六加六是十二。

Do you want to add your name to the list? 你想把名字增加到名单中吗？
2. add to 增加，增添（后多接抽象名词）
The bad weather only added to our difficulties. 坏天气增加了我们的困难。

【拓展2】add vt. & vi.加，添，增加；相加；补充说
n. addition 加；增加的人或事物
adj. additional 附加的；另外的；外加的
常用搭配：add that... 补充（说）
That’s all I want to say. Is there anything you’d like to add？
我想说的就那些，你还有要补充的吗？
If the tea is too strong, add some more water. 如果茶太浓了，多添点水吧。

He added that they would return a week later. 他又说他们一周后会回来。

go through
【原句回放】..., or would not understand what you are going through? ……会不理解你目前的处境呢？
【点拨】
1. go through 经历；遭受（大多是痛苦的事情）
He went through a hard time while his wife was sick.
他妻子生病的时候，他经历了一段艰难的日子。

2. go through 仔细检查；详细讨论
The police went through the pockets of the suspected thief.
警察仔细搜查了疑似小偷的口袋。

Let’s go through the plan again.让我们再详细地讨论这项计划吧。

3. go through 看完
How long will it take to go through the book? 读完这本书要多少时间?
4. go through 通过，穿过（宾语常常是立体的东西）
The rain has gone through my overcoat．雨水渗透了我的大衣。

【拓展】pass through 通过，穿过；经历，遭受
John passed through a difficult period shortly after his marriage failed.
婚姻破裂不久, 约翰经历了一段短暂的艰难时期。

She said she was passing through Paris and would like to have a chat with me.
她说她要路过巴黎, 想跟我聊一聊。

set down
【原句回放】I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do... 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。

【点拨】set down 放下，搁下；记下，写下
常见搭配：set sb./sth. down 把某人/物放下
Set down your bags and take a rest．
把包放下来，歇一会儿吧。

I will set down the story as it was told to me．
我将按我听说的情况写。

The driver will set you down just outside our house．
司机会送你到我们家门口的。

【拓展】set构成的短语
set about (doing) sth. 着手（做某事）
set out (to do sth.)开始，着手（做某事）
set aside 留出；不顾
set back （把钟等）往回拨；推迟
set free 释放；解放
set up开办；建立；设立
set off 动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸
set out 动身，出发；着手；安排，组织
set fire to...=set...on fire纵火烧……
on purpose
【原句回放】…, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven… ……我熬到十一点半故意不睡觉……
【点拨】on purpose 故意地，特意地
If you joke with him, he’ll think you are hurting him on purpose.
如果你跟他开玩笑，他会认为你故意伤害他。

【拓展】purpose n. 目的，意图；
常用搭配：a/ the purpose in doing 做某事的目的
the purpose of ……的目的
for the purpose of 为了……的目的
What is your purpose in doing this？
你这样做的目的是什么？
The purpose of the meeting is to elect a new captain.
这次会议的目的是选出新的队长。

A meeting was called for the purpose of discussing what to do next.
为了讨论下面该做什么召集了一次会议。

(2018 北京海淀模拟) The main purpose of this passage is to remind people to wisely use social media. 这个段落的主要目的是提醒人们明智地使用社交媒体。

in order to
【原句回放】…, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. ……我熬到十一点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。

【点拨】in order to 为了（接动词原形，用作目的状语，可放在句首、句中）
He is working hard in order to pass the maths exam.
为了通过数学考试他正努力学习。

In order to catch the first bus, we left very early.
为了赶上第一班车，我们出发很早。

【拓展】同义短语：so as to 为了（接动词原形，用作目的状语，，只放句中）
He stopped working in order to/so as to take a rest.
他停止工作以便休息。

注意：so … as to 如此的……以致于（引导结果状语）
He ran so fast as to get a pain in his side.
他跑得太快，结果导致腹侧疼痛。

face to face
【原句回放】...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.... 这是一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
【点拨】face to face 面对面地（作状语）
face-to-face adj. 面对面的（作定语）
Children preferred to communicate face to face.
孩子们更喜欢面对面地交流。

The church and the school stand face to face across the street．
教堂和街对面的学校相对而立。

We must have a face-to-face struggle against the enemy.
我们必须与敌人进行一场面对面的斗争。

【拓展】类似短语
shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地heart to heart 贴心地，坦诚地
back to back 背靠背地side by side 并排地
hand in hand 手拉手地arm in arm 臂挽臂地
fall in love
【原句回放】They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. 他们说我与这个男孩儿相爱了。

【点拨】fall in love with sb. 爱上某人（表动作，不与一段时间连用）
注意：be in love with sb. 与某人相爱（表状态，可与一段时间连用）
They fell in love at once; it was love at first sight.
他们立即相爱了，那是一见钟情。

What will he do if his daughter falls in love with a poor man?
如果他女儿与一个穷人相爱，他会做什么呢？
fall in love with还是be in love with
1.It is said that our monitor _________________ the beautiful girl from Xingjiang.
2.They have been ______________ each other for two years.
答案：1. has fallen in love with 2. in love with
【拓展】类似短语：fall ill 生病fall asleep 入睡
注意：fall表动作，不与一段时间连用。

He threw himself into the bed and fell asleep quickly.
他把自己撂到床上，很快就睡着了。

get along /on (well) with
【原句回放】I’m getting along well with a boy in my class. 我和班上的一个男孩儿相处融洽。

【点拨】get along /on (well) with sb. 与……相处（得好）
The old man was very difficult to get along with.
这个老人很难相处。

I don’t know how to get along well with my parents.
我不知道如何与父母融洽相处。

【拓展】get along /on进展，进行
How is your son getting along in school?
你的儿子在学校表现怎么样？
The business is getting along very well.
生意经营得很不错。

They said they could get along without our help.
他们说没有我们的帮助他们也能进行下去。

join in
【原句回放】to join in discussions and show interest in other people’s ideas 参加讨论，对别人的观点表现出兴趣
【点拨】join in 参加（小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”）
常用搭配：join sb. in sth. / doing sth. 与其人一起做某事
Come and join us in the game. 来和我们一起讨论吧！
We are having supper now. Would you like to join us?
我们正在吃晚饭，你也来和我们一起吃吧？
Why didn’t you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？
They are going to join in the singing. 他们准备加入歌唱中。

【拓展】join, attend和take part in
1. 加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，用join。

2. take part in 参加(群众性活动、会议等)，往往指参加者持积极态度．起一份作用。

3. attend主要是指以观众或听众的身份来参加，一般用于参加会议、出席典礼或者招待会等，也可以指上学，听课，听演讲或者讲座等。

All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning.
所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。

His brother joined the army three years ago.
他哥哥是三年前参军的。

The school was attended almost only by local children.
几乎只有本地孩子上这所学校。

重点句型
【词汇精讲】
It is/was the first/ second/ ...time that+现在完成时/过去完成时
【原句回放】It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.这是一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
【点拨】It is / was the first /second time that sb. have/ had done sth. 某人第一/二次做……
注意：此句型中如果前面是It is...，后面从句用现在完成时；前面是It was...., 从句用过去完成时。

that可省略。

这是我第一次来中国。

It was the first time that I had been to China.
那是妻子第四次劝他戒烟。

It was the fourth time that his wife had persuaded him to stop smoking.
上述两个句子是指一次事件，描述的过去发生的事情，主句用的是一般过去时，从句都用了过去完成时。

这是我第一次来这个城市。

It is the first time that I have visited the city.
上述句子描述的是说话时的事情，主语用一般现在时（It is)，从句用现在完成时（have visited）。

While/ when doing...
【原句回放】While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的时候，你不够细心，狗跑开了，并且被车撞了。

【点拨】原句中“While walking the dog,...”意思是“While you were walking the dog,...”，省略了从句部分的主语和be动词。

什么情况下可以省略从句的主语和be动词呢？
在很多状语从句中，比如时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语相同（如上句中主句主语为you，从句主语也是you），而且从句中的谓语动词又含有be 的某种形式（were walking），从句中的主语和be可以省略。

这样能使句子显得更加简洁。

When I was traveling in London (=When traveling in London), I happened to meet a former classmate. 当我在伦敦旅游时，碰巧遇到一位以前的同学。

Though he is tired (= Though tired), he still keeps on writing the diary.
尽管累了，他仍然继续写日记。

She won’t attend the meeting, unless she is invited (= unless invited).
除非被邀请，否则他不会参加会议。

It is ... doing...
【原句回放】It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer. 观看这些已经不再是乐趣。

【点拨】在这个句子中，It 是形式主语，looking through these是真正的主语。

It’s no pleasure 后面如果接动词形式的话，一定是接doing形式。

It’s no pleasure playing all day long instead of studying hard.
整天玩不学习也没什么乐趣。

【拓展】类似结构：
It is no use doing… 做……没用
It is no good doing sth. 做某事不好/没用
It’s a waste of time/ money doing sth. 做某事是白费时间/金钱。

It’s fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣。

翻译句子：
为过去的事情哭泣毫无用处。

It is no use crying about the past.■
巩固练习
一、单词填空
1. He had broad shoulders and____________(强有力的)arms.
2. (2018 福建福州八县一中期中) She has been trying hard to catch up with her classmates, however, failing in the examination again __________ (心烦意乱) her a lot.
3. Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to _________ (恢复).
4. (2018 银川一中期中考) .I said hello to her this morning, but she ____________（忽略）me completely and walked on.
5. He was punished by the school because of his c____________ in the exam.
6. She helped the child __________ (松松) the laces of his shoes(鞋带).
7. He wants a job that will let him work _________ (在室外).
8. There is so much ______ (suffer) in this world.
二、短语翻译
1. 把……加起来___________
2. 遛狗___________
3. 平静下来___________
4. 在考试中作弊___________
5. 经历___________
6. 躲藏起来___________
7. 记下___________8. 一系列___________
三、选词填空：
1. I don’t know why they had to ___________ for such a long time.
2. I __________________ watching television; let’s go for a walk.
3. I think it is ___________ a secret. It is being talked about everywhere in the town.
4. Why dare you not speak to Harry ______________?
5. You needn’t __________ everything that the teacher says in class.
6. Although I am a new comer, I __________________my classmates very well.
四、单项选择
1. When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing
B. introduced
C. introduce
D. being introduced
2. —Have you ever been here before?
—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall.
A. comes
B. have been
C. came
D. had come
3. —My children are always arguing.
—______
A. Just ignore them.
B. That's right.
C. Are you sure?
D. How old is the boy?
4. Because he didn't finish the work on time and was fired by the company, he was very ______ about it.
A. upset
B. worried
C. anxious
D. nervous
5. All my pockets have been ______ but I can't find my keys.
A. got through
B. given out
C. gone through
D. gone down
6. He got ______ while ______ the fire.
A. burning; putting out
B. burnt; put out
C. burning; put out
D. burnt; putting out
7. David said that it was because of his strong interest in movie ________ he chose the course. A．that B．what C．why D．how
8. As we all know，parents are concerned ________ their children’s study，because it is concerned
________ their future.
A．about；with B．about；for C．for；about D．with；about
9. ______such heavy loss in the hurricane, the farmer didn't expect to have a good harvest.
A. Suffering
B. Having suffered
C. Suffered
D. To suffer
10. All these gifts must be mailed immediately ______ in time for Christmas.
A. in order to have received
B. in order to receive
C. so as to be received
D. so as to be receiving
11. Have you seen Jack recently? I wonder ________ with his classmates.
A．how is he getting along B．that he is getting along well
C．what he is getting along D．if he is getting along well
12. While _________ through the park, we saw a fine flower show.
A. walked
B. walking
C. walks
D. being walking
13. When _________ from the hill, the buses look small.
A. seen
B. seeing
C. see
D. to see
14. — Do you know our town at all?
— No, this is the first time I ________ here.
A. had come
B. am coming
C. came
D. have come
15. Be careful or our work will ________.
A. fail
B. suffer
C. fall
D. lose
16. He ________ terribly all through his illness.
A. suffer
B. is suffered
C. suffered
D. suffering
17. Young people are always active. They are full of _________.
A. power
B. strength
C. force
D. energy
18. I will certainly be pleased if he _____ us what he knows about the matter.
A. dares tell
B. dare tell
C. dare to tell
D. will dare to tell
19. The students listened carefully and ______ what their teacher said.
A. set down
B. turned down
C. went down
D. calmed down
20. All my money _____ no more than ten yuan, so I can’t buy the dictionary.
A. adds up
B. is added to
C. adds up to
D. adds to
五、完成句子
1. 我不是故意把水洒在你衣服上的。

I didn’t spill the water on your clothes ______________.
2. 尽管他不喜欢学习英语，他还是加入了英语俱乐部。

Although he dislikes learning English, he ____________ the English Club.
3. 为了不迟到，他起床很早。

_____________________ late, he got up early.
4. 父母非常关心我们的健康。

（be concerned about）
Our parents ___________________ our health.
5. 七起交通事故中就有一起是因为司机开车睡着了而发生的。

One in seven road accidents happens because drivers ____________ while ________.
6. 这是杰克第三次驾照考试没过（fail）了。

It is the third time Jack ____________________ his driving test.
7. （2018 江苏启东中学期中）很多青少年感到孤独，好像没有人理解他们以及他们正在经历的变化。

Many teenagers feel lonely, as if no one understands them and the changes they are _________ _________.
8. (2018 福建福州八县一中期中)我不知道这是不是因为我长久没有出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

I wonder if ________ because I haven’t been able to be _________ for so long that I’ve ______ so _________ about everything to do with nature.
答案和解析：
一、单词填空：
1. powerful
2. upset
3. recover
4. ignored
5. cheating
6. loose
7.outdoors
8. suffering
二、短语翻译：
1. 把……加起来add up sth./add sth.up
2. 遛狗：walk dogs
3. 平静下来：calm down
4. 在考试中作弊：cheat in the exam
5. 经历：go through
6. 躲藏起来：hide away
7. 记下：set down 8. 一系列：a series of
三、选词填空：
1. hide away
2. am tired of
3. no longer
4. face to face
5. set down
6. get along with
四、单项选择：
1. B. 将从句补全应为When these products were first introduced to the market，主从句主语一致且从句中有be，可以省略主语和be。

2. B. This is the first time that...之后的从句需要用现在完成时态。

3. A. 对方在抱怨孩子们总吵架，应回答A项“别理他们”。

4. A. 由题意“没有按时完成工作就被公司解雇了”可知，选upset“苦恼的，心烦意乱的”。

5. C. 考查动词短语辨析。

语意：我找遍了所有的口袋，但是没有发现钥匙。

此处的go through 表示“仔细检查；搜查”。

get through表示“通过；到达”，give out表示“分发”，go down
表示“下降”，都不符合语意。

6. D. 第一空got burnt＝be burnt“被烧伤”；第二空省略了he was。

7. A。

这是一个it强调句式，对原因状语进行的强调。

原句为：David said that he chose the course because of his strong interest in movie.
8. A。

be concerned about“对……关心”；be concerned with“涉及到，牵扯到，与……有关”。

句意为“众所周知，父母对孩子的学习非常关心，因为这关系到孩子们的将来。

”
9. B.考查非谓语动词。

此句用现在分词的完成式having suffered 做状语，表主动及影响和结果。

10. C. 考查in order to/so as to 引导目的状语时，前后两部分主语必须一致。

因为前面主语是all these gifts，所以应选C项，表示“被收到”。

11. D。

考查宾语从句。

I wonder if...为常用句型，后用陈述语序。

此处意为：我想知道他与同学相处得是否融洽。

12. B. 空白处相当于“While we were walking...”，省略了we were。

13. A. 根据状语从句的省略规则，默认从句的主语为the buses，从句补全为“When the buses are seen from...”。

14. D. 根据题意可知答话者是“到现在为止第一次……”，从句用现在完成时。

15. B. suffer 在这里作不及物动词，意为“受损失”
16. C. 根据意思“他得病期间遭受了很多痛苦”。

时态应用一般过去时，另外当suffer 作“受痛苦，患病”讲时，是不及物动词，不能用被动语态。

17. D. force指外力，强迫力，破坏力；power指能量，能力，包括自然界的能量和人的能量；strength指力气，力量，具象化名词，特指人的力气；energy指精力，多形容人或机械器具。

18. B. dare用作情态动词，无第三人称单数形式，后接动词用原形，用于if之后接动词原形。

19. A. set down有“写下、记下”的含义；turn down 关小，拒绝；go down下降，传下去；calm down冷静。

20. C. add up to意为“加起来总数为”。

句意为“我所有的钱加起来不超过十块，所以我没法买这本书”。

五、完成句子
1. on purpose
2. joined
3. In order not to be
4. are concerned about
5. fall asleep；driving
6. has failed
7. going through
8. it’s, outdoors, grown, crazy。