山东省2019-2020年中考英语名词考点剖析
2019年山东省中考英语专题汇编解析:名词
1、(2019•济南)-Mike,what club do you want to join?-Well,I want to join the club.I love painting.()A.chess B.sports C.art D.English【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】Mike,你想参加什么俱乐部?--我想参加美术俱乐部.我喜欢绘画.【解答】答案:C 根据其后的"I love painting."(我喜欢绘画),可知我是对美术方面感兴趣的.故我想参加的是美术俱乐部.chess棋;sports运动;art美术;English英语.故选C2、(2019•济南)-Excuse me.Is there a near here?I want to buy some drinks.-Yes.Go along the street,and it's on your left.()A.zoo B.schoolC.supermarket D.museum【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-劳驾,这附近有超市吗?我想买些饮料?-有的,沿着这条街走,它就在你的左边.【解答】答案:C;zoo动物园;school学校;supermarket超市;museum 博物馆;根据句中信息I want to buy some drinks.推测上句句意:这附近有超市吗?故选C.3、-Is this photo taken in Tibet?-Yes.You can see beautiful snow mountain in the of thephoto.()A.form B.backgroundC.shape D.introduction【考点】名词在语境中的辨别.【分析】这张照片是在西藏拍摄的吗?是的,你在照片的背景里能看见美丽的雪山.【解答】该题考查名词的辨析;form,表格;方式;形状,形式;外形;background,背景;底色;背景资料;配乐;shape,形状;模型;状态;身材;introduction,介绍;引言,导言;根据句中的snow mountain和the photo,可知此处应指的是“在照片的背景里能看见美丽的雪山”可知应用background;故选B.4、I think Zhou Xun is one of the best .I like her movies very much.()A.doctors B.players C.actresses【考点】名词在语境中的辨别.【分析】我认为周讯是最好的演员之一;我非常喜欢她的电影.【解答】该题考查名词的不同用法;doctor医生;B.player运动员;C.actresse演员;根据后面的句子“I like her movies very much.”(我非常喜欢她的电影)可以推测出,她是演员;故选C5、Could you please take my picture?Here is my _________.()A.printer B.radio C.player D.camera【考点】名词在语境中的辨别.【分析】你可以给我照张照片吗?给你我的照相机.【解答】该题考查名词的辨析;printer,打印机;印刷机;radio,收音机;player,演奏者;演员;播放器;camera,照相机;根据上句信息,“你可以给我照张照片吗”可知该句中指的应该是照相机;故选D.6、When the monkrys see the keepers,they run over with__ ______.()A.excited B.exciting C.excitement【考点】名词在语境中的辨别.【分析】当猴子们看到饲养员时,它们兴奋地跑过去.【解答】答案:Cexcited兴奋的,激动的,形容词,修饰人;exciting令人兴奋的,形容词,修饰物;excitement兴奋,刺激,名词;猴子看到了饲养员,当然是兴奋的,run over with洋溢着,充满,后跟名词,不能跟形容词,故选C.7、He has a collection of _____.He can not only enjoy them but also use them to mail letters.()A.stamps B.novelsC.instruments D.magazines【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】他收藏了一系列的邮票,他不仅喜欢它们,而且可以用它们来邮寄信.【解答】答案:A;stamp邮票;novel小说;instrument仪器;乐器;magazine杂志;根据后面的句子信息use them to mail letters推测上句中指的是邮票;故选A.8、In 1998,Liu Xiang's ______ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.()A.ability B.tradeC.electricity D.memory【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】1998年时,刘翔在跨栏上的能力就受到了孙海平的注意.【解答】答案:A根据选项的意思ability"能力";trade"贸易,交易";electricity"电,电力";memory"记忆"结合语境In 1998,Liu Xiang's ______ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping可推知是刘翔在跨栏上的能力受到孙海平的注意,故选A.9、There is a______ on the desk.()A.cups B.book C.rulers【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】桌子上有一本书.【解答】答案:B 根据There is a中的is和a,可知其后的名词应该为单数形式.cups杯子(复数);book书(单数);rulers尺子(复数).故选B.10、-More and more people come to visit Jingzhou Ancient City.-That’s true.It has become the of Jingzhou()A.effort B.praise C.courage D.pride【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】--越来越多的人来参观荆州古城.--那是真的.它已经成了荆州的骄傲.【解答】答案:D effort“努力”;praise“赞扬”;courage“勇气”;pride“骄傲”.根据More and more people come to visit Jingzhou Ancient City.可知是:成了荆州的骄傲.故选D11、-I’m hungry.May I have something to eat?-OK.Here’s some ________.()A.orange B.bread C.water D.milk【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】--我饿了.我可以吃点东西吗?--可以.这里有些面包.【解答】答案:B orange橙汁,不可数名词/桔子,可数名词;bread 面包,不可数名词;water水,不可数名词;milk牛奶,不可数名词.根据May I have something to eat?我可以吃点东西吗?OK.可以.可知应该是吃的东西.故排除C,D,A(橙汁,不可数名词).根据Here’s some ________.some+可数名词复数,应该是some oranges才对,故排除A,可知此处的名词,只能是不可数名词bread,故选:B.12、Turn down the music.It hurts my ______.()A.nose B.eyes C.ears【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】关小音乐.它伤害我的ears.【解答】nose,鼻子;eyes,眼睛;ears,耳朵;根据句中的music 可知,太大声的音乐应该伤害是耳朵,而不是鼻子或者眼睛,故选C 13、---Could you tell me the_______of making such tasty cakes?---Well,I just follow the instructions in the cookbook.()A.time B.method C.cost D.menu【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】你能告诉我做如此美味蛋糕的方法吗?好吧,我就是按照烹饪书上的说明做的.【解答】time,时间;method,方法;cost,花费;menu,菜单;菜,菜肴;根据句中信息“making such tasty cakes”和“follow the instructions in the cookbook”可知,该空应该填“方法,method”;故选B.14、Annie has a ___________,and she is going to see her dentist today.()A.cold B.fever C.cough D.toothache【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】Annie牙疼,今天她要去看牙医.【解答】答案:Dcold感冒;fever发烧;cough咳嗽;toothache牙疼;根据she is going to see her dentist today可知她牙疼,have a toothache牙疼,故选D.15、Jeff will come to understand you one day.It’s a matter of ____()A.pleasure B.value C.time【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】Jeff总有一天会理解你,它只是一个时间(长短)的问题.【解答】答案:C;pleasure愉快;娱乐;value价值,价格;time 时间;根据句中信息Jeff will come to understand you one dayJeff总有一天会理解你,推测下句句意:它只是一个时间(长短)的问题.故选C.16、Jack likes watching _______.He can find out what’s going on around the world.()A.news B.comediesC.talent shows D.soap operas【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】Jack喜欢看新闻.他可以找出世界上正在发生什么.【解答】答案:A 根据“He can find out what’s going on around the world.”可知Jack喜欢的电视节目是可以帮助Jack了解世界上发生的事情.可知此节目为新闻.news新闻;comedies喜剧;talent shows 才艺表演;soap operas肥皂剧.故选A.17、I’m a little hungry now.I only drank some __________ before I came to school.()A.bread B.milk C.bananaD.noodle【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】我现在有些饿了.来学校之前我只喝了一些牛奶.【解答】答案:B 根据drank喝(drink的过去式),可知其后的名词是可以喝的东西.bread面包(吃的);milk牛奶(喝的);banana香蕉(吃的);noodle面条(吃的).故选B18、---We have missed the last bus.What shall we do?---Let's take a taxi.We have no other ________now.()A.reason B..habit C.choice【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-我们错过了最后一班公共汽车,我们该怎么办?-让我们乘出租车吧,我们现在没有别的选择.【解答】答案:C;根据题干We have missed the last bus和Let's take a taxi,推测本句的意思是“恐怕我们除了乘出租车没有别的选择”;Have no choice but to do sth,是固定结构,除了做什么别无选择;“选择”是choice.advice“建议”,reason“原因”.故选D.19、Sun Nan got tons of ____ as soon as he announced that he would stop competing during I Am a Singer.()A.joy B.pressure C.attention【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】在“我是歌手”期间,孙楠一宣布他将退赛,他就得到了大量的关注.【解答】答案:C.由后半句“在我是歌手”期间,孙楠一宣布他将退赛“,根据常识可推知前半句应是他就得到了大量的关注.A.joy快乐,高兴.B.pressure.压力,C.attention关注,关心.故选C 20、You are supposed to be more careful to make fewer while you are writing.()A.trouble B.matter C.mistakes D.problems【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】当你写作时应该更细心以少犯错误.【解答】答案:Ctrouble麻烦;matter事情;mistake错误;problem问题;联系常识写作中容易出错,可知细心点可以少犯错,故选C.21、-I am afraid to ask questions because of my poor________.-You’d better practice speaking more.()A.introduction B.inspirationC.pronunciation D.Information【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-因为我的发音不好,所以我害怕问问题.-你最好多练习说(英语).【解答】答案:C;A.introduction 介绍;B.inspiration灵感;吸气;C.pronunciation 发音;C.information 信息;根据答语You’d better practice speaking more你最好多练习说(英语),推知上句句意:因为我的发音不好,所以我害怕问问题.故选B.22、-Would you like something to drink?--Yes,_____,please!()A.apples B.tomatoes C.beef D.coffee【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】--你想要一些喝的吗?--是的,请给我咖啡.【解答】答案:D;apple苹果;tomato西红柿;beef牛肉;coffee咖啡;根据问句Would you like something to drink可知答语应是可以喝的东西;故选D.23、You must go to the ________ if you want to buy vegetables.()A.supermarket B.libraryC.theatre D.bookshop【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】如果你想买蔬菜,你必须去超市.【解答】答案:A;supermarket超市;library图书馆;theatre电影院;bookshop书店;根据句中信息if you want to buy vegetables,推测应去超市;故选A24、The car was out of ______________and hit a tree by the road.()A.danger B.breath C.controlD.practice【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】这辆小汽车失去控制撞到了路边的一棵树上.【解答】答案:Cout of danger脱离危险;out of breath喘不过气来;out of control失去控制;out of practice久不练习;根据后半句hit a tree by the road可知是小汽车失去了控制,故选C25、--Finding information is not a big deal today..---Well,the ______is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.()A.courage B.message C.challenge D.knowledge【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-查询信息在当今不是大问题.-是的,挑战是我们怎样才能辨别这些信息是否有用.【解答】答案:Ccourage勇气;message消息;challenge挑战;knowledge知识;根据how we can tell whether the information is useful or not可知怎样辨别这些信息是否有用才是挑战,所以要用“挑战”一词对应,故选C.26、We can see many ________ on the hill in the picture.()A.sheeps B.sheep C.Horse【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】在图画中我们可以看到许多绵羊在山上.【解答】答案:Bsheep绵羊,它的复数还是sheep,排除A;house马,many修饰可数名词复数,排除C,故选B27、-I’ll go to New York for my summer vacation,Jenny.-It’s a good______.Have a good time!()A.exercise B.offer C.promise D.idea【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】--詹尼,我将去纽约度暑假.--这是一个好注意.祝你玩得开心.【解答】答案:D;考查名词词义辨析.exercise锻炼,练习;offer 提议,出价;promise 诺言,承诺;idea 主意.结合上下文I’ll go to New York for my summer vacation和Have a good time,判断此处表示“这是一个好主意”故选D.28、Tom will be able to find the hotel,he has a pretty good ______ of direction.()A.idea B.feeling C.experienceD.sense【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】Tom能找到那家旅馆,他有极好的方向感.【解答】答案:D;idea主意;想法;feeling感觉;情绪;experience 经历;体验;sense感觉;识别力;根据上句Tom will be able to find the hotel.推测下句句意:他有极好的方向感;D符合题意;故选D.29、Which word goes with the sound?()A.fun B.found C.fan D.phone【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】哪一个单词伴随着声音?【解答】答案:C;fun乐趣,娱乐活动,名词;found找到;发现(find 的过去式),动词;fan风扇,名词;phone电话,名词;根据句意Which word goes with the sound哪一个单词伴随着声音,因为风扇转动是伴随着声音的,可知选项C符合题意;故选C.30、I had some ________,vegetables and two eggs for dinner.()A.rice B.noodle C.banana【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】晚餐我吃了一些米饭,蔬菜和2个鸡蛋.【解答】答案:A;rice米饭,不可数名词;noodle面条,可数名词;banana,香蕉,可数名词;根据句中的some可知该空应填可数名词的复数或不可数名词;分析三个选项,A符合题意;故选A.31、-Where are you going to spend your summer holiday,Jenny?-I haven’t made a yet.I’m going to talk about it with my family tomorrow.()A.decision B.promise C.journey D.suggestion【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】--你到哪里度暑假,Jenny?--我还没有做出决定,我明天要和我的家人讨论这个问题.【解答】答案:A;decision决定;promise许诺;journey旅行;suggestion 建议;根据答语信息I’m going to talk about it with my family tomorrow 我明天要和我的家人讨论这个问题;推测上句句意:我还没有做出决定;make a decision做出决定.故选A.32、--______ are you in?--I am in Class One.()A.Which school B.What classC.Which grade【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】你在几班?--我在一班.【解答】答案:B 根据答句中in Class One,可知回答的是班级.故问句中也应该是问班级.which school哪个学校(问的是学校);what class什么班级(询问的是班级);which grade哪个年级(问的是年级).故选B.33、After reading the novel Treasure Island,Paul has more than before because of themain character,brave Jim.()A.humour B.wealth C.luck D.courage【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】在读完小说《金银岛》之后,因为小说中的主角,勇敢的Jim,Paul比以前有更多的勇气.【解答】答案:D 根据原因“the main character,brave Jim.”中的brave(勇敢的),可知主角的勇敢让我的勇气比以前更多了.humour 幽默;wealth财富;luck运气;courage勇气.故选D.34、I am hungry.I’d like to have some ______.()A.rice B.sandwich C.dumpling D.egg【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】我饿了,我想吃些米饭.【解答】答案:Arice米饭,不可数名词;sandwich三明治,dumpling水饺,egg鸡蛋,都是可数名词;此处用可数名词的话,要用复数形式,故选A.35、---A study shows that good habits play a very important _________ in children’s education.---I think so.()A.sense B.part C.reason D.meaning【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-一项研究表明:好习惯在孩子的教育中起着重要的作用.-我认为如此.【解答】答案:Bsense感觉;part部分;reason原因;meaning含义;play a part起…作用,扮演角色,起…作用,固定短语,符合句意,故选B.36、The __________ is the best place to chat and watch TV.()A.bedroom B.dining roomC.living room. D.bathroom【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】客厅是最好的聊天和看电视的地方.【解答】答案:Cbedroom卧室;dining room餐厅;living room客厅;bathroom浴室;根据the best place to chat and watch TV可知living room是最好的选择,故选C.37、--Would you like something to drink?--Yes,please.I’d like some ______.()A.beef B.juice C.fish D.bread【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-你想喝点什么吗?-是的,我想要些果汁.【解答】答案:Bbeef牛肉;juice果汁;fish鱼;bread面包;根据something to drink 可知要选喝的东西,其他三项皆为吃的东西,故选B38、On September 3there will be some in China to celebrate the 70-year victory of the Anti-Japanese War.()A.actions B.projects C.traditions D.activities【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】9月3日中国将会有一些活动来纪念抗日战争胜利70周年.【解答】答案:Daction行动;project工程,设计;tradition传统;activity活动;根据句意,庆祝抗日战争胜利70周年要举行一些活动,故选D39、-Why are you so unhappy?-I have to do much______every day.()A.homeworkB.exercises C.sports【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】--你为什么这么的不高兴?--我每天不得不做太多的作业.【解答】答案:A 根据much,可知其后需要不可数名词.homework作业(不可数名词);exercises练习(可数名词);sports运动(可数名词).故选A.40、--What can you see on the farm?--There are many __________ on the farm.()A.pig B.sheep C.horse D.sheeps【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】--在农场你能看见什么?--农场里有很多的绵羊.【解答】答案:B 根据many,可知其后需要可数名词的复数形式.pig 猪(可数名词单数);sheep羊(可数名词单数或复数);horse马(可数名词单数);sheeps错误选项,sheep的复数还是sheep故选B.。
山东省2019-2020年中考英语名词考点剖析
中考英语:名词考点一词义辨析名词词义的辨析在历年中考试题中属于必考题,通常在完形填空、词汇运用等题型中考查。
名词词义辨析常分为同类名词辨析、不同类名词辨析和近义名词辨析。
其中,同类名词辨析主要涉及抽象类、地点类、职业类、饮食类、情绪类等。
1.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟一)—Look! Here comes Cindy! She is always full of .—So she is. Because she takes a lot of exercise every day.A.knowledge B.courage C.energy2.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)Our teachers gave us some on how to study well.A.advice B.question C.suggestion3.(2018·内蒙古巴彦淖尔五原模拟改编)Yesterday Lily told us such goodthat we are all amazed at it.A.news B.ideas C.decisions4.(2018·江苏苏州高新模拟改编)I must say it is my parents’ that makes me finally take up my job as a teacher.A.character B.education C.influence5.(2018·广西贵港港南三模改编)I have the of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life.A.courage B.spirit C.habit6.(2018·广西贵港平南三模改编)—The river is becoming dirtier because the steel factory has put waste into it.—Yes. We must take action to improve the .A.condition B.mention C.position7.(2018·山西平定一模)In fact, most of children know little about Chinese traditional culture. They prefer to spend in playing computer games.A.time B.effort C.mind8.(2018·贵州贵安民族中学模拟)Country music is from the southern states of America, Tennessee is the of country music.A.city B.home C.country9.(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨平房调研)—James is ill, do you know what’wrong with him?—Poor boy. His illness is the of eating bad food.A.result B.cause C.reason10.(2018·山西中考)Reading the first of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly.A.letter B.word C.sentence11.(2018·广东深圳中考)—Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.—That’s good . Reading makes a full man.A.dream B.wish C.habit12.(2018·广东深圳中考)—I’m looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup.—Me too. I hope the German team will be the . It’s my favorite.A.player B.winner C.loser考点二名词的数(四年未考,只做了解)名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解10:N、O字部含答案
2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题十N、O字部1. nationaladj.国家的,全国性的,民族的;国内的,本国的;国有的,国立的关联词组:National Day国庆节;national standard国家标准;national culture民族文化;national team国家队○1national表示“国家的,全国性的”,与local(当地的,地方性的)相对。
例如:Between 1929 and 1933 America’s national income fell by more than half. 1929至1933年间,美国的国民收入下降过半。
○2national表示“国内的,本国的”,与international相对。
例如:national and international news国内和国际新闻○3national表示“国有的,国立的”:a national museum国家博物馆词性转换:nation n.国家;民族;nationally adv.全国性;nationality n.国籍关联单词:international adj.国际的(2019,江西卷,阅读B)I come from Kitengela, a farming community on the edge (边缘) of Nairobi National Park of Kenya (肯尼亚).2. naturaladj.自然的,天然的关联词组:natural gas天然气;natural environment自然环境;natural resource自然资源;natural world自然界;natural science自然科学用法:○1natural表示“自然的,天然的”,与man-made(人造的)相对,例如:the need for natural light in offices 办公室里需要自然光的照射○2natural表示“天生的,本能的,与生俱来的”,形容行为或能力:Babies have a natural fear of falling.婴儿本能地害怕跌倒。
山东淄博专版2020届中考英语复习方案第二篇语法专题突破专题01名词试题及解析
语法专题训练(一) 名词(限时:30分钟)Ⅰ.选择填空1.[2019·苏州]—Keep quiet! I need complete when I'm working.—Sorry, dad. I won't make any noise again.A.trustB.silenceC.controlD.strength2.[2019·泰州]My mother has a poor of direction, so she is always afraid to go out alone.A.sceneB.silenceC.serviceD.sense3.[2019·南京]—Tomorrow is Mum's birthday. Let's buy some flowers for her.—OK. I know she likes best.A.dressesB.ringsC.handbagsD.roses4.[2019·盐城]The number of the people using HUAWEI is getting larger and larger.A.culturesB.customersC.productsD.histories5.[2019·扬州]—I'm not sure what to write about The Secret Garden in the report.—You should read some about the book before writing.A.reviewsB.reasonsC.resultsD.rewards6.[2019·徐州二模]—Andy, you mustn't bring your mobile phone to school.—It's one of your school .A.plansB.ideasC.subjectsD.rules7.[2019·连云港]On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the 110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Championships in Qatar.A.manB.menC.men'sD.mens'8.[2019·安徽]You can see the in our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years.A.doubtB.prideC.regretD.ability9.[2019·重庆]We have wider in our village, so we can go out more easily now.A.housesB.roadsC.schoolsD.hospitals10.[2019·江西]My daughter helps me cook, but she isn't old enough to be left alone in the .A.bedroomB.classroombD.kitchen11.[2019·滨州]After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for .A.priceB.noiseC.peaceD.course12.[2019·天津]The of this activity is to raise money for a new hospital.A.silenceB.purposeC.culturenguage13.[2019·黄冈]—Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?—I'm afraid that we have no but to take a taxi.A.ideaB.decisionC.reasonD.choice14.[2019·天水]—Look! They are .—Yes. We are proud of them.A.man scientistB.women scientistsC.woman scientistsD.man scientists15.[2019·咸宁]—Creative morning are popular in our school.—Yes, we dance to fun music, such as the song Calorie(《卡路里》).A.examsB.exercisesC.examplesD.expressions16.About how to achieve a balance between hobbies and schoolwork, Justin asked me for my .A.positionB.attentionC.suggestionD.introduction17.Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high from the art community for his sculptures.A.prideB.praiseC.promiseD.progress18.Please give me some on how to spend the coming weekend.A.spaceB.adviceC.praiseD.courage19.James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television.A.funB.timeC.roomD.noise20.[2019·盐城调研]—I'm tired out these days.—Well, you'd better keep a between work and play.A.promiseB.diaryC.balanceD.secret21.—Do you have this T-shirt in a small ?—I'm afraid not. It only comes in medium.A.sizeB.colourC.materialD.taste22.Stephen Hawking's story gives me much to face all kinds of difficulties.A.chanceB.wealthC.courageD.decision23.—What would you like to drink?—I'd like three .A.bottles of watersB.bottle of watersC.bottle of waterD.bottles of water24.The woman in a hat is aunt.A.Jack and JohnB.Jack's and JohnC.Jack's and John'sD.Jack and John's25.—Your is quite good. You must be from an English-speaking country.—Thanks, but I'm from China.A.pollutionB.protectionC.pronunciationD.population26.We usually have seven holiday every National Day.A.daysB.day'C.day'sD.days'27.—I like the named the English World very much.—Me, too. I have read it for many years.A.gameB.programC.movieD.magazine28.—I'm thirsty, Mum. I'd like something to drink.—We only have some in the fridge.A.orangesB.ice creamC.juiceD.cheese29.China has the world's largest population of university graduates, so providing them with jobs is really a for the Chinese government.A.challengepetitionC.purposeD.situation30.One of the book is missing, so I can't learn the whole story.A.copyB.pageC.writerD.readyⅡ.根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解16:S字部(三)含答案
2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题十六S字部(三)1. spreadv.传播;扩散;张开,展开词形变化:过去式spread,过去分词spread用法:○1表示“扩散,蔓延”,指影响更多的人或地方,后面可跟介词through/over/among等。
例如:The disease spread rapidly among the poor. 疾病在穷人中间迅速传播。
○2表示“流传;散布,传播”,指信息或观点,可及物可不及物;其后可跟介词to/through/over等。
例如:Word spread quickly that she was leaving. 她要离开的消息迅速传开。
○3表示“张开,伸开”,指手臂、手指、腿等;其后常接out。
例如:She spread her arms and the child ran towards her. 她张开双臂,孩子向她跑来。
(2019,浙江卷,词汇运用)40. More and more people have realized the importance of spreading our _____________(传统的) culture.2. standardn.&adj.标准(的)关联词组:living standard=standard of living生活水平;up to standard达到标准名词用法:表示“水平,标准,规格,规范”,其后常接介词of:How do you think of the general standard of education there? 你觉得那里教育的整体水准如何?形容词用法:○1表示“正常的,标准的,普通的”,形容普遍接受的,相当于normal。
例如:This is our standard price. 这是我们的标准价格。
○2表示“标准的”,指形状、大小、质量等。
例如:We make shoes in standard and wide sizes. 我们制造标准码和加宽码的鞋子。
2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考01 名词(讲解)
2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考秘籍名词名词词义辨析是中考对名词考察的最大热点,又是重点和难点。
对名词的考察主要集中在语义辨析上,尤其是在具体语境中考察近义高频词的用法区别名词辨析的几上备选项往往是意义比较接近的词,考生千万不要望词生义,尤其是不能仅从汉语意思就随意作出选择,应注意其固定搭配,并领悟其在语境的词义。
【知识方法】专有名词个体名词名词分类可数名词集体名词名词普通名词物质名词不可数名词不可数名词的数抽象名词名词的数可数名词的规则不规则变化of所有格的构成及用法‘s所有格的构成及用法名词所有格双重所有格考点清单考点一名词词义辨析在中考中,对于名词的考察主要集中在具体语境下名词词义的辨析上。
综合分析这几年的中考的真题,总结出一些常考的名词。
具体如下:考点二名词的可数不可数性1.名词的复数形式名词复数形式的变化规则如下:(2)某国人变复数①中国人a Chinese→Chinese②英国人an Englishman→Englishmen③阿拉伯人anArab→Arabs可用口诀记忆这一点,即中日不变英法变,其余s加后面。
(3)以-0结尾的名词,有些在词尾加-es,它们是“黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿”。
如:Negro→Negroes hero→heroes而一般在词尾加-s。
如:zoo→zoos radio→radios(4)名词修饰名词时,若前面的名词是man,woman,变复数时,前后两个名词全都要变成复数形式;如果是其他词,变复数时,只需把后面的名词变成复数形式。
如:man teacher→men teachersboy student→boy students(5)有些以-f或-ef结尾的词直接加-s变成复数。
如:roof→roofs屋顶belief→beliefs信仰pr oof→proofs证据chief→chiefs首领2.不可数名词的数(1)表示方法:不可数名词需要计量时,用“数词或冠词+计量名词+of+不可数名词”这样的结构来表示,量词可以是单数也可以是复数,但of后的名词只用原形。
2019年中考英语语法知识点:名词语法
2019年中考英语语法知识点:名词语法2019年中考英语语法知识点:名词语法(一)名词概述名词用来表示人或事物的名称。
名词可分为专有名词和普通名词,普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词有单复数形式,不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与不定冠词连用。
在考试命题中,主要是考察可数、不可数名词的区分,以及量词修饰的使用。
考试的题型主要是选择题和词性转换。
另外,名词的所有格也是重要的考查部分,主要是区分's和of的用法。
(二)基础知识梳理1.名词复数形式的构成1)规则变化(1)一般名词后面加s。
如:month-months,bird-birds。
(2)以s,ss,x,ch,sh结尾的名词,后面加es。
如:bus-buses,boss-bosses,box-boxes,match-matches,brush-brushes。
(3)以o结尾的名词,有的加es,如:patato-patatoes,mango-mangoes,tomato-tomatoes;有的加s,如:radio-radios,zoo-zoos,piano-pianos。
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i再加es。
如:factory-factories,city-cities。
以元音字母加y结尾的名词,直接加s,如:toy-toys,day-days。
(5)以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v再加es。
如:knife-knives,wolf-wolves(例外:roof-roofs,chief-chiefs),scarf-scarfs或scarves。
2)不规则变化(1)改元音字母,构成复数。
如:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,fisherman-,tooth-teeth,mouse-mice(例外:German-Germans,walkman-walkmans,human-humans)。
(2)单复数形式一样。
2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解11:P字部(一)
2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题十一P字部(一)1. pardonn.原谅,宽恕,对不起v.原谅,宽恕用法:○1pardon作名词,常见搭配为ask/beg one’s pardon (for sth.)请求某人原谅(某事)。
例如:He asked her pardon for having cheated her. 他欺骗了她,向她请求原谅。
○2pardon作动词,常用于pardon sb. for doing sth.原谅某人(做)某事:He could never pardon her for the things she had said. 他永远不会原谅她说的话。
○3口语中常用pardon me表示一种礼貌用语,意为“对不起;劳驾”,或请求别人重复:Oh, pardon me, I didn’t mean to disturb you. 噢,对不起,我不是有意要打扰你。
○4口语中常常直接用Pardon?做语气词,表示“请再说一遍”(没听清,希望对方重复):‘Hurry up Jonathan!’‘Pardon?’‘I said hurry up!’“快点,乔纳森!”“你说什么啊?”“我说快点!”(2019,湖北卷,单项选择)35. —The game is too hard for me. I will certainly lose.—_______. You should never say no before you try.A. Forget it!B. Come on!C. I’m s orry.D. Pardon me?2. parkn.公园;v.停放(汽车等)关联词组:forest park森林公园;amusement park游乐园;city park城市公园熟词僻义:park还可作动词,表示“停放(汽车等)”,可接宾语,也可不接宾语:I couldn’t find anywhere to park. 我找不到地方停车。
【精品真题】山东省青岛市2019年中考英语真题试题(含解析)
山东省2019年青岛市中考英语真题试卷(含答案详细解析)一、单项选择(本题10小题,每小题1分,共10分)1.— Lucy, how about going to the ?— Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure.A. libraryB. cinemaC. museumD. concert【答案】 A【考点】名词辨析【解析】【分析】句意:——露西,去图书馆怎么样?——听起来很好!读书能给我们很多快乐。
library图书馆;cinema电影院;museum博物馆;concert音乐会,根据Reading books can give us much pleasure.可知是去图书馆读书,故选A。
【点评】此题考查名词辨析。
根据上下文的联系确定所使用的名词。
2.Qingdao is a beautiful city that lies in east of China.A. anB. /C. theD. a【答案】 C【考点】用于某些习惯用语中【解析】【分析】句意:青岛是坐落在中国东部的一个美丽城市。
表示某个方位,名词前加定冠词the,in the east of,在……东部,故选C。
【点评】此题考查定冠词用法。
在固定的短语前使用点冠词the。
3.As middle school students, we follow the public rules wherever we go.A. wouldB. shouldC. mightD. could【答案】 B【考点】情态动词【解析】【分析】句意:作为中学生,无论走到哪里我们应该遵守公共规章制度。
would将会,指将会发生的事情;should,应该,主要用于告诉某人应该做什么、给予忠告或加强语气。
might,可能,事情发生的可能性;could,能,表示委婉语气;此处表示应该做的事情,故选B。
山东省菏泽市2019年中考英语连词考点剖析
我可以帮你看孩
子,这样你就可以休息一下了。
6.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有 because, as, since 等。
He was unhappy because the girl turned down his invitation.
他不开心,因为这个女孩
拒绝了他的邀请。
7.引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有 where, wherever 。
等。
Although it rained heavily, I had to go.
尽管雨下得很大,但我还得出去。
5.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有 so that, in order that
等。
I can help you take care of your child so that you can have a rest.
popular.
—Yes. my parents my little sister likes watching it very much.
A.Neither; nor
B.Both; and
C.Not only; but also
5.(2018 ·北京大兴一模改编 )Put on more clothes,
—A car hit an old lady at the crossing.She was hurt, not too bad.
A.and
B. but
C. or
4.(2018 ·山东菏泽东明模拟 ) — It is said that the TV program The Reader was quite
where you have visited.
—No problem.
2019年山东省潍坊市中考英语试卷-答案
山东省潍坊市2019年初中学业水平考试英语答案解析Ⅰ.阅读理解A【文章大意】本文是一张海报。
文章介绍了Lanley英语学校所提供的说、写、听三项课程的相关信息。
1.【答案】B【解析】由全文内容尤其是海报中的“3 courses”部分可知,文章主要介绍了三项英语课程的相关信息。
故选B。
【考点】主旨大意。
2.【答案】C【解析】由海报中的“Speaking £ 125. 00”和“Writing£ 30.00”可知,口语课和写作课一共要支付(125+30=)155英镑。
故选C。
【考点】细节理解。
3.【答案】A【解析】由海报Listening部分中的“every day of the week”可知,三项课程中只有听力课每天都会上课,所以如果Leo周日下午有空,他可以提高听力能力。
故选A。
【考点】细节理解。
B【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
文章主要介绍了Hunter Adams是一名特别的医生,他对待病人就像对待朋友一样,给病人带去了欢乐。
4.【答案】C【解析】由第一段内容和第二段第一句中的“When he left hospital,Adams decided to become a doctor”可推知,Hunter的青少年时期的经历使他决定成为一名医生。
故选C。
【考点】推理判断。
5.【答案】C【解析】由第三段第一、二句“But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine. He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too.可推知,Hunter和其他医生的不同之处在于他尽可能地像对待朋友一样对待病人。
故选C。
【考点】推理判断。
6.【答案】B【解析】由画线词所在句中的“often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh”可知,Adams经常把一个特别的红鼻子放在他的脸上,让他看起来像个小丑,来让孩子们开怀大笑。
山东省菏泽市2020年中考英语副词考点剖析.doc
2019年山东菏泽市中考英语:副词考点一副词词义辨析1.副词分类2.常用副词的用法与辨析(1)already, yet, stillalready通常用于肯定句中,表示“已经”。
yet用谈论某事是否已经发生,多用于疑问句和否定句中。
在疑问句中,意为“已经”,在否定句中意为“还,尚”,通常放在句末;not yet可用于简略回答,意为“还没有”。
still意为“仍然,还”,强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续。
在现在进行时中,still 只表示动作正在持续。
You already told me that.你已经告诉过我那件事了。
I haven’t ased him yet.我还没有问他。
Do you still have Julie’s phone number?你还有朱莉的电话号码吗?(2)enoughenough作副词用,修饰形容词或副词时,放在所修饰的词的后面,而作为形容词时,既可放在被修饰的名词前,又可放在后面。
The rooms are all large enough to tae a third bed.这些房间都很大,足够放下第三张床。
(3)much too, too muchmuch too“太……”,修饰形容词或副词;too much“太多……”,后接不可数名词。
There was too much noise in the net door.隔壁房间太吵了。
The dress is much too long for me.这裙子对我说太长了。
(4)常见疑问副词及短语1.(2018·山西中考)If one of your friends sends you a message to borrow money on the Internet, you’d better phone him first to mae sure of that.A.recently B.directly C.finally2.(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨中考)So far, Confucius Institute(孔子学院) has been set up in many other countries. And Chinese is spoen in those countries.A.widely B.badly C.hardly3.(2018·江苏徐州中考改编)As an engineer, you can’t be careful. You should pay attention to every detail.A.very B.too C.so4.(2018·安徽中考改编)Yuan Longping is regarded as the greatest scientist in rice planting.A.suddenly B.patiently C.generally5.(2018·甘肃白银中考改编)—Is dinner ready?—Not .A.already B.just C.yet6.(2018·江苏南京中考改编)Millie missed the train this afternoon. It started to leave right after she got on it.A.almost B.already C.seldom7.(2018·江苏泰州中考改编)—Good news! China won a gold at PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games. —, we won si silvers.A.Moreover B.However C.Instead8.(2018·山东济南历下二模改编)—Mr. Lee, was the famous scientist born?—Let me see. He was born in Oford, England.A.when B.who C.where9.(2018·山东东营六校联考改编)— is it from your home to the supermaret.—About ten minutes’ wal.A.How far B.How soon C.How often10.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟一)— is it from your home to school?—Two miles.A.How long B.How many C.How far考点二副词比较等级(四年未考,只做了解)1.原级的用法(1)无比较,是副词最简单的表述。
山东省2019-2020年中考英语代词考点剖析
中考英语:代词考点一人称代词、物主代词及反身代词1.人称代词、物主代词及反身代词总表2.人称代词主格用作主语或表语,宾格用作宾语。
要根据题干中的提示词,如mother, father, Lily, Tom等及语境判定应该用哪一人称。
—Where is Dad?爸爸在哪儿?—He is in the garden.他在花园里。
Miss Smith is very kind. We all like her.史密斯小姐非常和蔼,我们都喜欢她。
3.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词My sister likes painting. It’s one of her hobbies.我妹妹喜欢画画,这是她的爱好之一。
—Is this your bike?这是你的自行车吗?—No, it’s her bike. Mine(=My bike) is under the tree.不是,是她的自行车。
我的(自行车)在树下。
4.反身代词的固定搭配:enjoy oneself玩得愉快 learn/teach...by oneself自学dress oneself穿衣 help oneself to随便吃些……by oneself独自 for oneself亲自hurt oneself受伤 keep ... to oneself 保守秘密prove oneself证明自己 lost oneself in 沉迷于1.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)Mom, I’m old enough to washown clothes and . You can have a rest after work.A.my; your B.my; yours C.yours; mine2.(2018·山东济南槐荫一模改编)—Jim, what do you usually do in the evening?—I usually do homework.A.me B.my C.mine3.(2018·山东济南商河二模改编)—Is this your English book?—No. is in my bag.A.My B.Me C.Mine4.(2018·山东菏泽巨野模拟)Jack used to be a teacher in this school, but he gave up job when he went abroad.A.him B.his C.he5.(2018·北京大兴一模改编)My birthday is coming. My parents will give some nice presents.A.mine B.I C.me6.(2018·江苏南京中考改编)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.A.they B.their C.theirs7.(2018·四川南充中考改编)—Is that model plane?—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me.A.your; my B.your; mine C.yours; mine考点二指示代词 this/these, that/those1.this和these用于指距离较近的人或事物;that和those用于指距离较远的人或事物。
(山东专用)2019年中考英语复习专题一名词(讲解部分)素材(pdf)
4. The dam lies in the middle reaches of the river. 5. That is a goods train. 那是一列货物列车㊂ 因为天气寒冷,他心情忧郁㊂
reach 本义为 伸手可及的距离 ,此处 reaches 变义为 河段 ㊂ good 本义是 好处 ,此处 goods 变义为 货物 ㊂
我们在翻译此类句子时不能望文生义, 只把这类词当复数概念 看待㊂ 下列粗体字名词一般用复数形式,请注意它们的词义㊂ 2. Please hand in your papers at once. 请你们立刻交卷㊂ 3. Mary lost her good looks when she was old. 玛丽年纪大了以后没有了当年的美貌㊂ 大坝位于河流的中段㊂ paper 本义是 纸 ,此处 papers 变义为 试卷 ㊂ look 本义是 看 ,此处 looks 变义为 容貌 ㊂ green 本义是 绿色 ,此处 greens 变义为 绿叶蔬菜 ㊂ 1. The girl was washing greens. 那个女孩( 当时) 正在洗菜㊂
二㊁名词转化为动词的词义辨析
1. The police finally cornered the thief in a garage. 2. They topped the hill at 4 p.m. corner 本是 n. 角落 ,此处转为 v. 使 top 本是 n. 顶部 ,此处转为 v. 到达 走投无路 ㊂ 的顶部 ㊂
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考点清单
考点一㊀ 名词辨析
一㊁名词变复数引起的词义辨析
8. They are looking for the head waters of the river. 他们正在寻找这条河流的源头㊂ water 本义是 水 ,此处 waters 变义为 ( 河流的) 水域 ㊂ 最终警方把小偷困在了车库里㊂ 他们于下午 4 点到达了山顶㊂ work 本义是 工作 ,此处 works 变义为 著作 ㊂
山东省滨州市2019年中考英语语法专项复习语法四名词词义辨析语法考点剖析20190110147
名词语法考点剖析考点一名词词义辨析有些名词在不同的语言环境中有不同的词义。
词义辨析题旨在考查学生能否通过对上下文的理解,使用合适的词汇,考查形式主要有以下三种:1.一词多义一词多义指某个名词具有两种或两种以上的常见意义,在不同的语言环境中有不同的意义。
orange橘子(汁);橘黄色fish鱼;鱼肉chicken小鸡;鸡肉paper纸;报纸;试卷glass玻璃;玻璃杯light电灯;光2.近义词辨析近义词指某几个名词在意义上比较相近,但使用范围有差别。
英语中的近义词比较多,考试中出现频率较高的近义词有以下几组:home, family, house家problem, question, trouble问题clothing, clothes, dress衣服job, work工作sound, voice, noise声音person, people, human人message, information信息street, road, way路travel, trip, journey旅行competition, game, match比赛3.语境辨词语境辨词就是运用我们的生活经验、知识积累,根据上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思,从而选出正确的词语,如我们渴了就需要水(water)、饮料(tea, coffee, juice等);饿了就需要食物(bread, rice, meat, cake等);我们寄信需要去post office;取钱需要去bank。
I'm t hirsty, M om. C ould y ou g ive m e s ome w ater t o d rink?妈妈,我渴了。
你可以给我点水喝吗?1.(2018·重庆南开中学期中)—Lucy, would you like to go to the to watch the newest action movie Operation Red Sea with me?—Sure, I'd love to and I heard it was really exciting.A.cinema B.libraryC.park D.station2.(2018·江苏镇江润州二模)Spud W ebb h as i nfluenced m e m ost. H is s tories g ive m e m uch to face all kinds of difficulties.A.luck B.wealthC.decision D.courage3.(2018·湖北鄂州梁子湖5月质量监测)David is a sports reporter. He asks for a(n) with the big sports star.A.instruction B.inventionC.invitation D.interview4.(2018·广东珠海九洲中学三模)It's a wise to drink some green tea every day.It's good for our health.A.choice B.supportC.mixture D.honor5.(2018·山东潍坊模拟)To the parents' joy, their son made great this term. A.result B.progressC.suggestion D.preparation6.(2018·山东东营广饶模拟)—Do you know China's famous scientist Pan Jianwei? —You mean “the father of quantum(量子之父)”?—Yes, he is the of our country.A.pride B.prizeC.proud D.heart7.(2018·江苏泰州兴化顾庄学区一模)It is better to travel 10,000 miles than to read10,000 books, so it's important to have real with languages, cultures and societies.A.communication B.experienceC.knowledge D.influence8.(2018·安徽中考)—What is the of your excellent spoken English? —Practice makes perfect!A.result B.influenceC.duty D.secret9.(2018·湖北襄阳中考)—Mom, I'm thirteen now. Can I ride a bike to school? —Yes, you can. But you must follow the traffic on the way.A.rules B.plansC.safety D.accident10.(2018·天津中考)He r smile mad e me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden .A.competition B.interviewC.treasure D.tradition考点二名词的数名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
山东省菏泽市2019年中考英语数词和主谓一致考点剖析
2019年山东菏泽市中考英语:数词和主谓一致考点一数词的确指和概指1.表示确指。
表达确切数量直接用基数词或分数、小数等。
hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有具体数词修饰时,不能用复数形式。
2.表示概指。
ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion等可以构成短语,表示不确切的数量。
此时这些词用复数形式,不能被具体数字修饰,后面与of搭配。
1.(2018·黑龙江龙东中考)The ice and snow in Harbin is beautiful, so every winter tourists come here.A.too million of B.millon of C.millions of2.(2018·重庆中考A卷改编) visitors came to tae photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.A.Thousands ofB.Thousand ofC.Thousands3.(2018·云南曲靖中考改编)In our hometown, villagers leave for big cities to loo for jobs.A.two hundreds ofB.hundred ofC.hundreds of考点二基数词变序数词的规则1.不规则变化。
one→first two→second three→third2.基数词4~19在词尾加th。
four→fourth nineteen→nineteenth★five→fifth eight→eighthnine→ninth twelve→twelfth3.整十数基数词20~90变ty为tie再加th。
twenty→twentieth ninety→ninetieth4.两位数或两位数以上的非整十数的序数词只将最后一位数变为序数词,其他的几位数仍用基数词;hundred, thousand等只在词尾加th。
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中考英语:名词
考点一词义辨析
名词词义的辨析在历年中考试题中属于必考题,通常在完形填空、词汇运用等题型中考查。
名词词义辨析常分为同类名词辨析、不同类名词辨析和近义名词辨析。
其中,同类名词辨析主要涉及抽象类、地点类、职业类、饮食类、情绪类等。
1.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟一)—Look! Here comes Cindy! She is always full of .
—So she is. Because she takes a lot of exercise every day.
A.knowledge B.courage C.energy
2.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)Our teachers gave us some on how to study well.
A.advice B.question C.suggestion
3.(2018·内蒙古巴彦淖尔五原模拟改编)Yesterday Lily told us such good
that we are all amazed at it.
A.news B.ideas C.decisions
4.(2018·江苏苏州高新模拟改编)I must say it is my parents’ that makes me finally take up my job as a teacher.
A.character B.education C.influence
5.(2018·广西贵港港南三模改编)I have the of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life.
A.courage B.spirit C.habit
6.(2018·广西贵港平南三模改编)—The river is becoming dirtier because the steel factory has put waste into it.
—Yes. We must take action to improve the .
A.condition B.mention C.position
7.(2018·山西平定一模)In fact, most of children know little about Chinese traditional culture. They prefer to spend in playing computer games.
A.time B.effort C.mind
8.(2018·贵州贵安民族中学模拟)Country music is from the southern states of America, Tennessee is the of country music.
A.city B.home C.country
9.(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨平房调研)—James is ill, do you know what’wrong with him?
—Poor boy. His illness is the of eating bad food.
A.result B.cause C.reason
10.(2018·山西中考)Reading the first of each paragraph before you read the whole text helps you get the main idea quickly.
A.letter B.word C.sentence
11.(2018·广东深圳中考)—Simon always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.
—That’s good . Reading makes a full man.
A.dream B.wish C.habit
12.(2018·广东深圳中考)—I’m looking forward to the final of the 2018 World Cup.
—Me too. I hope the German team will be the . It’s my favorite.
A.player B.winner C.loser
考点二名词的数(四年未考,只做了解)
名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
一、可数名词的复数形式
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,可数名词的复数形式的变化规则如下:
种类变化例词
一般情况加s cake→cakes
student→students bed→beds
computer→computers
以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的词加es bus→buses class→classes watch→watches box→boxes
以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i,再加es baby→babies; city→cities country→co untries
lady→ladies
以元音字母加y结尾的词加s toy→toys monkey→monkeys key→keys
以f(fe)结尾的词变f(fe)为ves
leaf→leaves; wolf→wolves
knife→knives; life→lives
以辅音字母加o结尾的表示有生命的名词,在词
尾加es
tomato→tomatoes
potato→potatoes
hero→heroes
表示无生命的名词,在词
尾加s
photo→photos
radio→r adios
piano→pianos
不规则变化改变单数名词中的元音字
母
woman→women
foot→feet
tooth→teeth
单复数形式相同
sheep→sheep; deer→deer
Chinese→Chinese
Japanese→Japanese
其他形式
mouse→mice
child→children
二、不可数名词的数
1.概述:不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数来计算,没有词形变化,这类词主要为抽象名词和物质名词。
2.表示方法:不可数名词需要计量时,用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”的结构表示,量词可以是单数也可以是复数,但of后面的名词只用单数。
a cup of tea 一杯茶two bottles of water 两瓶水
four pieces of paper 四张纸
考点三名词所有格(四年未考,只做了解)
名词所有格表示人或物的所有关系,有以下几种形式:
1.表示有生命的人或动物的名词所有格在单数名词后加“’s”构成。
Mike’s father 迈克的父亲
2.在以“s”结尾的复数名词之后只加“’”。
my parents’ hometown我父母的故乡
3.表示几个人共同拥有某物时,只在最后一个人名后加“’s”;表示各自所有时,则需要在每个人名后都加“’s”。
Mary and Kate’s room玛丽和凯特的房间(共有)
Jane’s and Tom’s books简和汤姆的书(各自所有)
4.在表示“店铺”“某某家”“诊所”的名词所有格后面,一般省去被修饰的表示地点的名词。
at the barber’s (shop) 在理发店
at the doctor’s (office) 在医院
5.表示无生命的事物的名词所有格,通常是由“of+名词”构成。
the gate of the school学校的大门
the center of the city 市中心
6.表示时间、距离、城市、团体等无生命的名词,也可以在词尾加“’s”构成所有格。
the future of China/China’s future 中国的未来
the group’s name/the name of the group这个团体的名字
7.双重所有格。
英语中名词所有格有时可以在前面加of构成的短语,这种结构称为双重所有格。
双重所有格有两种形式:of+名词所有格;of+名词性物主代词
a friend of my sister’s 我姐姐的一个朋友
a dictionary of mine我的一部词典
考点四名词作定语(四年未考,只做了解)
1.名词作定语一般用单数形式,但有些常以复数形式出现的名词则仍用复数形式。
clothes shop服装店sports meeting运动会
2.man, woman作定语时有单复数变化,其他名词作定语一般用单数。
a man teacher→men teachers
an apple tree→apple trees
3.“数词+连字符+名词”作定语。
a threeday holiday一个三天的假期
a fiveyear plan一个五年计划
★连字符后面的名词用单数形式
参考答案
考点一1~5 CAACC 6~10 AABAC 11~12 CB。