八年级下册英语unit4

初二下册英语学习第四课时

一、知识讲解

◆Unit4 He said I was hard-working.

重点短语

first of all pass on be supposed to do better in be in good health

report card get over open up care for have a party for sb.

be mad at sb. How’s it going? go over

重点句子解析

◆I asked her why she wanted to do that, and she said that she had forgotten to do hers. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(还没有做)

forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已经做过了)

e.g. When you leave the classroom, don’t forget to turn off the lig hts.

I forgot meeting him before.

类似的还有：

remember to do sth. 记得做某事(还没有做)

remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已经做过了)

e.g.“Remember to finish your homework on time, Li Ming”, his mother said.

I remember telling this story for several times.

◆I said I didn't think it was a good idea for her to copy my homework.

注意:think 用法：如果think 引导的宾语从句，其从句表示否定意思时，不是否定从句，而是否定主句。

e.g. 翻译下列句子：

我认为给你父亲说这件事的时机还不成熟。

I don’t think it is the right time for you to tell your father about that.

◆Y esterday she told me she was sorry she'd gotten mad.

◆Nowadays, many students prefer using English names in a language classroom.

prefer的用法：prefer v. 更喜欢；宁愿

prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢…胜过…

prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…而不喜欢…

prefer to do rather than do 宁愿…而不愿…

e.g. Do you prefer coffee or tea? He prefers talking to doing.

They prefer to die rather than surrender.

◆And for young people, having an English name is cool for them when they talk to their foreign pen pals.

having an English name …中having 是动词ing形式, 用来做主语。

e.g. Getting up early every day is his good habit.

Swimming is her favorite sport.

◆Learning English and having English names are both popular in China. They are also important for China's contact with the world.

contact的用法：

contact n. be in contact with 和...接触，有联系

They have been in contact with each other for five years.

She comes into contact with many people.

contact v. She contacted me as soon as she arrived.

◆On the other hand, some people who come to China choose Chinese names.

on one hand on the other hand

e.g.On one hand, he is a clever boy; on the other hand, he always makes his mother angry.

语法讲解

直接引语和间接引语

（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。

1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。

例如：

Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”

→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homew ork.

2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。

例如：

She asked Jack, “Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been.

He said, “These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his.

（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。

1.陈述句的间接引语

陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，通常由that引导，可以省略。

“I want the blue one.” he told us.→He told us that he wanted the blue one.

She said to me, “You can’t settle anything now.”

→She told me that I couldn’t settle anything then.

2. 疑问句的间接引语

直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know, inquire。间接疑问句一般有三种：

(1)．一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether或if 引导。

如：“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked.

→The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.

(2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。

如：

“Which room do you live in?” He asked. →He asked me which room I lived in.

“What do you think of the film?” She asked.

→She asked her friend wha t she thought of the film.

(3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether/if …or引导。

如：“Is it your bike or Tom’s? Mum asked.

→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom’s.

“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked.

→Kate ask ed whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones.