学术综合英语unit1-5课后习题答案

Unit 1

Task 2 A contrary to implicit assertion look up adapted

Sustain unbiased In the course of metaphor clutter

B bolster credible impromptu sparingly anecdote

Credentials testimony hypothetical paraphrase juxtaposition

Task 3 Tran slati on

B. 发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的思想是相关联的，你的思

路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常，准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。

在准备发言提纲中，应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式确定主

要观点和次要观点，发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时，可采用准备提纲的模式，尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰，易于辨认。

C. 1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditi ons and Ion g-sta nding culture.

2. In the course of preparing one ' s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster

one' s point of view.

3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice.

4. By using simile and metaphor, you can make your Ian guage more vivid and more attractive to your audie nee.

5. The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impressi on on your liste ners and make your viewpo ints more convincing.

6. When you are speak ing, you should choose com mon and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in you speech.

7. Whe n you write a paper, cit ing the views from some experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible.

8. A good method of deliveri ng a speech will improve its quality and will help convey the speakers ' ideas clearly and in teresti ngly.

9. You should mot bli ndly use a word that you are not sure about, and if you are not sure, look up the word in a dict ion ary.

10. Your Ianguage should adapt to the particular occasion and audienee. If your Ian guage is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful.

D. Before you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points clear in your speech, and your speech should be well orga ni zed. Whe n speak ing, you should not speak too fast, and your Ian guage should be explicit. Don' talways read the no tes you prepared beforeha nd. From time to time, you should look at your audie nee. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audie nee, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.

Unit 2

Task 2 Vocabulary Developme nt

devastati ng posed massive con tribute to triple men ace liability

consen sus en tails plausible

plausible porte nd pin dow n aggravati ng staggeri ng

on a par with emerge nee resurge nee detract from in adequacy

Task 3 Tran slati on

B•能源和人类利益有着双重关系。人类历史发展长河中，由于利用能源成本低廉，人们主要关注能源和人类安康关系中有利的一面。然而，过去一百年以来

人口以空前速度增长，引起了能源需求的激增，同时，人均工业能源需求亦急剧增长。因此，能源利用所需成本越来越高，无论是外延成本还是内涵成本。一方面，能源资源加速减少，能源供应所需投入越来越高；另一方面，相比之下，

外延成本更加令人忧虑，原因是能源利用严重威胁大众健康和安全，不断破坏全

球生态系统，并可能引发大规模军事冲突。

C. 1. En ergy use should ben efit global susta in ability so that it can con tribute to Ion g-term huma n well-be ing.

2. Today, this consensushas given way to a variety of family styles as a result of people livi ng Ion ger, marryi ng later , and divorc ing more.

3. Much of the curre nt research en tails close collaborati on with in dustry, which leads to a profitable excha nge of pers onnel and ideas.

4. If we cannot pin dow n exactly what we are supposed to be managing, how can we man age it?

5. The magn itude of urba n migrati on in rece nt years is evide nee of more disturb ing trends: the expanding gap between rich and poor, rapid population growth and in creas ing en vir onmen tal degradati on.

6. The students perceived that the toxicity testing of an insecticide is on a par with that of a cosmetic.

7. This presentation describes a large set of plausible goals, at least one of which should be achieved with in years.

9. Eve n the very mediocre services and food at the beauty spot did not detract from the enjoyme nt of the tourists.

10. To finance her two daughters who are both at college, she began making han dicraft to augme nt the family in come.

D. It is difficult to qua ntify the total con tributi on of all these factors to the mon etary costs of en ergy supply, in part because factors not related to the en vir onment are ofte n entwined with en vir onmen tal on es. For example, con struct ion delays have bee n caused not just by regulatory constraints but also by problems of engineering, management and quality control. Nevertheless, in the US, environmental impacts have in creased the mon etary costs of suppl ying petroleum products by at least 25 perce nt duri ng the past 20 years, and the costs of gen erati ng electricity from coal and nu clear power by 40 perce nt or more.

Unit 3

Task 2 Vocabulary Developme nt

A. in other words enforced regardless of address invoIved bordering

on applied to suggest conv icti ons available