英语作文得分的“亮点”

英语作文得分的“亮点”
⊙江苏省海州高级中学殷志勇
文章的连贯性和紧凑感是高考书面表达的一个重要评分标准，满分作文有个共性，就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，为此，学会使用关联词，是提升书面表达质量的重要策略之一。

有的同学在作文中使用过多简单句，成了简单句堆砌；有的写复杂句时，动辄用so，and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的，反而使句子结构松散、呆板。

为了避免这种现象，可以通过使用不同的关联词，不仅能够丰富句型，而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚，意义更连贯。

■ 金题解析
当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。

有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。

请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer?”为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：
1. 看电影：省时、有趣、易懂
2. 读原著：细节更多、语言优美
3. 我的看法及理由
【注意】
1. 词数：100~120 文章题目和开头已给出（不计入词数）。

2. 参考词汇：original work 或book in the original （原著）
Film or book, which do you prefer?
Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original.
【写作指导】
这是一篇提纲式半开放性作文。

写作时，我们既要注意汉语提示的要点，又要准确表达自己的观点。

因此，要分两段写出两种不同的观点，在最后一段写出自己的观点。

高考书面表达新评分标准在语言运用上对同学们提出了更高的要求，即在考查短文语言表达准确性的基础上，进一步强调用词的得体性、表达方式的多样性及语言的连贯性。

因此，在写作时，我们一定要尽可能多使用高级词汇和复杂句型，要恰当使用连接词、过渡词，这样的文章才能出采，才能得高分。

【参考范文】
Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original. The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.
Some others have just the opposite opinion. They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful. Personally, I agree with the second view. Actually I have more reasons for it. I think I can stay at home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and what’s more, I am able to better understand the author’s ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
【精彩点击】
写作要求我们就选择看电影还是读原著谈谈看法。

作者在做到了要点齐全，内容充实，语言规范，语法正确的同时，较好地运用句子间的连接词，从而使文章结构严谨，层次分明，逻辑性强。

①第一段中，besides一词的使用，多角度说明人们选择看电影的理由；
②第二段中，meanwhile一词的使用，增强了语言表达的说服力；
③第三段中，what’s more一词的使用，使作者在说明自己观点时呈现较强的逻辑性和感染力。

In a word用于总结前文，突出了主题。

■ 关联词的应用
文章段落之间的逻辑关系可以用启、承、转、合来概括。

“启”就是开头, “承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结。

（1）用于“启”的关联词语通常用在段落或文章的开头：first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to begin with, to start with, recently, now, nowadays, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, lately, currently等。

例：
①Nowadays，a heated debate （discussion）about private cars is under way in China.
时下，人们正议论着关于私家车的话题。

②In the recent few years, millions of fast food restaurants have mushroomed all over China.
近几年，中国涌现上百万快餐店。

③Currently，there is a widespread concern over increasing traffic accidents.
时下，不断增加的交通事故已引起人们的广泛关注。

④First of all，doing exercise every day is of the utmost importance in keeping fit.
首先，每日锻炼对保持健康至关重要。

⑤Generally speaking，the more you practice，the more skillfully you can write in English.
一般来说，多实践，英语的写作能力就越强。

（2）用于“承”的关联词语通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中：second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt等。

例：
①The answer to this problem involves many factors. First, . . . Next, . . . Last, . . .
解决问题的方法涉及两方面，首先，……其次，……最后，……
②The following factors account for the problem. On the one hand, . . . On the other hand, . . .
以下原因导致了这一问题，一方面，……另一方面，……
③As a matter of fact, it is health rather than wealth that counts.
事实上，健康才是最重要。

④What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.
更严重的是，我们不珍惜野生动物。

⑤In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.
此外，我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。

（3）用于“转”的关联词语通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中：but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate（无论如何）, nevertheless（虽然如此）, otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of ..., yet, instead等。

例：
①However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts.
这一想法却受到越来越多的专家质疑。

②But just as a coin has two sides, tourism inevitably has its disadvantages.
凡事都有两方面，旅游不可避免地有其缺陷。

③Parents complain their children are behaving unreasonably while the children declare their parents to be old-fashioned.
父母抱怨孩子行为不端，孩子则认为父母太落伍。

④In spite of these changes, the liberation of women has not been completed realized.
尽管有些变化，妇女解放仍未完全实现。

⑤On the other hand, some examinations fail to measure how the students have really studied.
相反，有些考试却难以真正衡量学生学识。

（4）用于“合”的关联词语通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中：in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking，to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus，after all, eventually, hence, in sum（总之）, on the whole（就整体而言）, to sum up等。

例：
①Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency. 最后，但并非最不重要，教育上的缺失是助长青少年犯罪的原因。

②For these reasons, we can conclude that receiving college education is wise.
基于这些原因，我们可以得出结论：接受大学教育是明智的。

③Therefore，it takes longer time and more energy to communicate in written English than in oral English.
因此，书面语交流比口语需要更多时间和精力。

④In short，environmental pollution is the major problem to be solved to make our world a better place in which to live.
总之，要想生活安逸，必须解决环境污染问题。

⑤From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.
通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论：自行车的优点远大于缺点，并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。

■ 预测作文
请以Surfing on Internet为题，参考下列提示，写一篇120~150词左右的短文。

①因特网在生活中逐渐普及
②因特网给人们生活带来的影响
③你的观点。