2014年专业英语八级真题及答案解析

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2014年专八考试真题答案

2014年3月22日英语专八考试真题参考答案完整版听力Mini-lecture1. physical2. a demand3. blood pressure4. Category5. a job6. signals7. body or mind8. advantage9. accept 10. reasonable speed听力Interview1. To work out a plan …2. was much worried …3. To take prompt …4. Refugees returning to normal …5. talk to different …听力NEWS BROADCAST6. Cancellation of flights …7. Three human fossils8. It supported..9. some international …10. Surprised阅读理解答案阅读理解答案11.A have 12.C to offer 13.B to provide 14.D decide 15.A cultuer 16.B perfered 17.D similar 18.D easy 19.B unapproachalbe 20.D sociable21.B say 22.B sociabel 23.A young 24.D 25C26.D role 27.C effects 28.B offer29.D exercise 30.A features人文知识答案人文知识答案31．Montreal32．Maoris33. Anglicanism34．177635．Ernest Hemingway36．George Bernard Shaw 37．Geoffrey Chaucer38．bare39．Mary40．Lion改错答案改错答案 1.把of 去掉。

2014专八真题

改错真题：There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languageacquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s toearly 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also)have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured)Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that)more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?What motivates people to acquire additional languages？What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the)acquisition of an additional language?What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the)the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting)so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved)or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact)改错题原文已经找到，以上答案应该百分百正确，可以作为最终参考答案。

2014年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2014年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2014)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.How to Reduce StressLife is full of things that cause us stress. Though we may not like stress, we have to live with it.1. ____【答案】physical【解析】细节题。

这篇讲座主要围绕压力展开。

2014年英语专业八级真题及答案

2014年英语专业八级真题及答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section, you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your n otes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given t wo minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete t he gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three wo rds in each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatic ally and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while com pleting the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now listen to the m ini-lecture.In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to e ach question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the intervi ew you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five que stions.Now listen to the interview.1.What is the main purpose of Angelina's visit to Iraq?[A] To draw attention to the refugee crisis.[B] To look after refugees in Iraq.[C] To work for U.N.H.C.R.[D] To work out a plan for refugees.2.From the interview we know that Angelina _________.[A] was strongly opposed to officials’ opinions[B] thought young kids should be given priority[C] was much worried about the lack of action[D] proposed that policies be made promptly3.Which of the following BEST explains what the global community should do?[A] To supervise the construction of schools.[B] To take prompt and effective actions.[C] To provide water and power supply.[D] To prevent instability and aggression.4.According to Angelina, what is the key issue in solving the refugee problem?[A] The current situation in Iraq.[B] The politics in the Middle East[C] Refugees returning to normal life.[D] International and domestic efforts.5.Angelina saw her trip to Iraq significant because she could______ ___.[A] help others know where the problems were[B] help bring NGOs back to the region[C] talk to different people there[D] read the official papersIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to e ach question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news i tem, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6.What is the main idea of the news item?[A] Alitalia's attempt to help Wind Jet out.[B] Cancellation of flights at Rome Airport[C] Problems caused by Wind Jet's cash shortage.[D] Expected changes of Wind Jet’s flight destinations.Question 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of th e news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.7.What did the researchers discover in northern Kenya?[A] A human tooth.[B] A human skull.[C] Three species of humans.[D] Three human fossils.8.What was the significance of the discovery?[A] The findings were published in Nature.[B] It supported an existing assumption.[C] Most research questions were answered.[D] More research efforts were encouraged.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of t he news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.9.The airport originally decided to cover up the poster because ___ _______[A] some international travellers complained[B] the art exhibition was to be postponed[C] other artists works were absent from ads[D] real-life models would appear on the scene10.What was the reaction of the National Galleries of Scotland?[A]Horrified.[B] Indignant.[C] Surprised.[D] Outraged.In this section there are four reading passages followed be a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEER TWO.TEXT AMy class at Harvard Business School helps students understand wha t good management theory is and how it is built. In each session, we loo k at one company through the lenses of different theories, using them to explain how the company got into its situation and to examine what acti on will yield the needed results. On the last day of class, I asked my class to turn those theoretical lenses on themselves to find answers to two qu estions: First, How can I be sure I’ll be happy in my career? Second, how can I be sure my relationships with my spouse and my family will becom e an enduring source of happiness? Here are some management tools th at can be used to help you lead a purposeful life.1. Use Your Resources Wisely. Your decisions about allocating your personal time, energy, and talent shape your life’s strategy. I have a bun ch of “businesses” that compete for these resources:I’m trying to have a rewarding relationship with my wife, raise great kids, contribute to my c ommunity, succeed in my career, and contribute to my church. And I hav e exactly the same problem that a corporation does. I have a limited am ount of time, energy and talent. How much do I devote to each of these pursuits?Allocation choices can make your life turn out to very different from what you intended.Sometimes that’s good: opportunities that you have never planned for emerge. But if you don’t invest your resources wisely, the outcome can be bad. As I think about people who inadvertently inve sted in lives of hollow unhappiness, I can’t help believing that their troub les related right back to a short-term perspective.When people with a high need for achievement have an extra half h our of time or an extra ounce of energy, they’ll unconsciously allocate it to activities that yield the most tangible accomplishments. Our careers p rovide the most concrete evidence that we’re moving forward.You ship a product, finish a design, complete a presentation, close a sale teach a class, publish a paper, get paid, get promoted. In contrast, investing time a nd energy in your relationships with your spouse and children typically d oesn’t offer the same immediate sense of achievement. Kids misbehave every day. It’s really not until 20 years down the road that you can say, “I raised a good son or a good daughter.” You can neglect your relations hip with your spouse and on a daily basis it doesn’t seem as if thing are d eteriorating. People who are driven to excel have this unconscious prope nsity to underinvest in their families and overinvest in their careers, eve n though intimate and loving family relationships are the most powerful and enduring source of happiness.If you study the root causes of business disasters, over and over you ’ll find this predisposition toward endeavors that offer immediate gratific ation. If you look at personal lives through that lens,you’ll see that same stunning and sobering pattern: people allocating fewer and fewer resour ces to the things they would have once said mattered most.2. Create A Family Culture. It’s one thing to see into the foggy future with a acuity and chart the course corrections a company must make. But it’s quite another to persuade employees to line up and work cooper atively to take the company in that new direction.When there is little agreement, you have to use “power tools”– coercion, threats, punishments and so on, to secure cooperation. But if employee’s ways of working together succeed over and over, consensus begins to form. Ultimately, people don ‘t even think about whether thei r way yields success. They embrace priorities and follow procedures by i nstinct and assumption rather than by explicit decision, which means tha t they’ve created a culture. Culture, in compelling but unspoken ways, di ctates the proven, acceptable methods by which member s of a group ad dress recurrent problems. And culture defines the priority given to differ ent types of problems. It can be a powerful management tool.I use this model to address the question, How can I be my family be comes an enduring source of happiness? My students quickly see that th e simplest way parents can elicit cooperation from children is to wield p ower tools. But there comes a point during the teen years when power t ools no longer work. At that point, parents start wishing they had begun working with their children at a very young age to build a culture in whic h children instinctively behave respectfully toward one another, obey th eir parents, and choose the right thing to do. Families have cultures, just as companies do. Those cultures can be built consciously.If you want your kids to have strong self-esteem and the confidence that they can solve hard problems, those qualities won’t magically mate rialize in high school. You have to design them into your family’s culture and you have think about this very early on. Like employees, children bui ld self-esteem by doing things that are hard and learning what works.11. According to the author, the key to successful allocation of reso urces in your life depends on whether you ________.A. can manage your time wellB. have long-term planningC. are lucky enough to have new opportunitiesD. can solve both company and family problems12. What is the role of the statement “Our careers provide the most concrete evidence that we’re moving forward” with reference to the pr evious statement in the paragraph?A. To offer further explanationB. To provide a definitionC. To present a contrastD. To illustrate career development13. According to the author, a common cause of failure in business and family relationships is ________.A. lack of planningB. short-sightednessC. shortage of resourcesD. decision by instinct14. According to the author, when does culture begin to emerge __ ______.A. When people decide what and how to do by instinctB. When people realize the importance of consensusC. When people as a group decide how to succeedD. When people use “power tools” to reach agreement15. One of the similarities between company culture and family cult ure is that ________.A. problem-solving ability is essentialB. cooperation is the foundationC. respect and obedience are key elementsD. culture needs to be nurturedText BIt was nearly bedtime and when they awoke next morning land wou ld be in sight. Dr. Macphail lit his pipe and, leaning over the rail, searche d the heavens for the Southern Cross. After two years at the front and a wound that had taken longer to heal than it should, he was glad to settle down quietly at Apia (阿皮亚，西萨摩亚首都) for twelve months at least, and he felt already better for the journey. Since some of the passengers were leaving the ship next day they had h ad a little dance that evening and in his ears hammered still the harsh no tes of the mechanical piano. But the deck was quiet at last. A little way o ff he saw his wife in a long chair talking with the Davidsons, and he stroll ed over to her. When he sat down under the light and took off his hat yo u saw that he had very red hair, with a bald patch on the crown, and the red, freckled skin which accompanies red hair; he was a man of forty, thi n, with a pinched face, precise and rather pedantic; and he spoke with a Scots accent in a very low, quiet voice.Between the Macphails and the Davidsons, who were missionaries, there had arisen the intimacy of shipboard, which is due to proximity rat her than to any community of taste. Their chief tie was the disapproval t hey shared of the men who spent their days and nights in the smoking-r oom playing poker or bridge and drinking. Mrs. Macphail was not a little flattered to think that she and her husband were the only people on boa rd with whom the Davidsons were willing to associate,and even the doct or, shy but no fool, half unconsciously acknowledged the compliment. It was because he was of an argumentative mind that in their cabin at nigh t he permitted himself to carp (唠叨).‘Mrs. Davidson was saying she didn’t know how they’d have got thr ough the journey if it hadn’t been for us,’ said Mrs. Macphail, as she neat ly brushed out her transformation (假发).‘She said we were really the only people on the ship they cared to know.’‘I shouldn’t have thought a missionary was such a big bug (要人、名士) that he could afford to put on frills (摆架子).’‘It’s not frills. I quite understand what she means. It wouldn’t have been very nice for the Davidsons to have to mix with all that rough lot in the smoking-room.’‘The founder of their religion wasn’t so exclusive,’ said Dr. Macphail with a chuckle.‘I’ve asked you over and over again not to joke about religion,’ answ ered his wife.‘I shouldn’t like to have a nature like yours, Alec. You never look for the best in people.’He gave her a sidelong glance with his pale, blue eyes, but did not r eply. After many years of married life he had learned that it was more co nducive to peace to leave his wife with the last word.He was undressed before she was, and climbing into the upper bunk he settled down to rea d himself to sleep.When he came on deck next morning they were close to land. He lo oked at it with greedy eyes.There was a thin strip of silver beach rising q uickly to hills covered to the top with luxuriant vegetation. The coconut trees, thick and green, came nearly to the water’s edge, and among them you saw the grass houses of the Samoaris (萨摩亚人); and here and there, gleaming white, a little church. Mrs. Davidson c ame and stood beside him. She was dressed in black, and wore round he r neck a gold chain, from which dangled a cross. She was a little woman, with brown, dull hair very elaborately arranged, and she had prominent blue eyes behind invisible pince-nez (夹鼻眼镜). Her face was long, like a sheep’s, but she gave no impression of fooli shness, rather of extreme alertness; she had the quick movements of a b ird. The most remarkable thing about her was her voice, high, metallic, a nd without inflection; it fell on the ear with a hard monotony, irritating t o the nerves like the pitiless clamor of the pneumatic drill.‘This must seem like home to you,’ said Dr. Macphail, with his thin, difficult smile.‘Ours are low islands, you know, not like these. Coral. These are vol canic. We’ve got another ten days' journey to reach them.’‘In these parts that’s almost like being in the next street at home,’ s aid Dr. Macphail facetiously.‘Well,that’s rather an exaggerated way of putting it, but one does l ook at distances differently in the J South Seas. So far you’re right.’Dr. Macphail sighed faintly.16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that Dr. Macphail ___ _____.A. preferred quietness to noiseB. enjoyed the sound of the mechanical pianoC. was going back to his hometownD. wanted to befriend the Davidsons17. The Macphails and the Davidsons were in each other’e company because they ________.A. had similar experienceB. liked each otherC. shared dislike for some passengersD. had similar religious belief18. Which of the following statements BEST describes Mrs. Macphai l?A. She was good at making friendsB. She was prone to quarrelling with her husbandC. She was skillful in dealing with strangersD. She was easy to get along with.19. All the following adjectives can be used to depict Mrs. Davidson EXCEPT ________.A. arrogantB. unapproachableC. unpleasantD. irritable20. Which of the following statements about Dr. Macphail is INCOR RECT?A. He was sociable.B. He was intelligent.C. He was afraid of his wife.D. He was fun of the Davidsons.Text CToday we make room for a remarkably narrow range of personality styles. We're told that to be great is to be bold, to be happy is to be soci able. We see ourselves as a nation of extroverts — which means that we' ve lost sight of who we really are. One-third to one-half of Americans are introverts — in the other words, one out of every two or three people y ou know. If you're not an introvert yourself, you are surely raising,manag ing, married to, or coupled with one.If these statistics surprise you, that's probably because so many peo ple pretend to be extroverts.Closet introverts pass undetected on playgr ounds, in high school locker rooms, and in the corridors of corporate Am erica. Some fool even themselves, until some life event — a layoff, an e mpty nest, an inheritance that frees them to spend time as they like — j olts them into taking stock of their true natures. You have only to raise this subject with your friends and acquaintances to find that the most unl ikely people consider themselves introverts.It makes sense that so many introverts hide even from themselves. We live with a value system that I call the Extrovert Ideal— the omnipres ent belief that the ideal self is gregarious, alpha, and comfortable in the spotlight. The archetypal extrovert prefers action to contemplation, risk-taking to heed-taking, certainty to doubt. He favors quick decisions, even at the risk of being wrong. She works well in teams and socializes in gro ups. We like to think that we value individuality, but all too often we ad mire one type of individual — the kind who's comfortable "putting hims elf out there." Sure, we allow technologically gifted loners who launch co mpanies in garages to have any personality they please, but they are the exceptions, not the rule, and our tolerance extends mainly to those who get fabulously wealthy or hold the promise of doing so.Introversion — along with its cousin’s sensitivity, seriousness, and s hyness — is now a second-class personality trait, somewhere between a disappointment and a pathology. Introverts living under the Extrovert Id eal are like women in a man's world, discounted because of a trait that g oes to the core of who they are. Extroversion is an enormously appealingpersonality style, but we've turned it into an oppressive standard to whi ch most of us feel we must conform.The Extrovert Ideal has been documented in many studies, though t his research has never been grouped under a single name. Talkative peo ple, for example, are rated as smarter, better-looking,more interesting, a nd more desirable as friends. Velocity of speech counts as well as volum e: we rank fast talkers as more competent and likable than slow ones. Ev en the word introvert is stigmatized — one informal study, by psychologi st Laurie Helgoe, found that introverts described their own physical appe arance in vivid language, but when asked to describe generic introverts t hey drew a bland and distasteful picture.But we make a grave mistake to embrace the Extrovert Ideal so unt hinkingly. Some of our greatest ideas, art, and inventions — from the the ory of evolution to van Gogh's sunflowers to the personal computer — c ame from quiet and cerebral people who knew how to tune in to their in ner worlds and the treasures to be found there.21. According to the author, there exists, as far as personality styles are concerned, a discrepancy between ________.A. what people say they can do and what they actually canB. what society values and what people pretend to beC. what people profess and what statistics showD. what people profess and what they hide from others22. The ideal extrovert is described as being all the following EXCEP T ________.A. doubtfulB. sociableC. determinedD. bold23. According to the author, our society only permits ________ to h ave whatever personality they like.A. the youngB. the ordinaryC. the artisticD. the rich24. According to the passage, which of the following statements BE ST reflects the author’s opinion?A. Introversion is seen as an inferior trait because of its association with sensitivity.B. Extroversion is arbitrary forced by society as a norm upon people .C. Introverts are generally regarded as either unsuccessful or as defi cient.D. Extroversion and introversion have similar personality trait profil es.25. The author winds up the passage with a ________ note.A. cautiousB. warningC. positiveD. humorousText DSpeaking two languages rather than just one has obvious practical b enefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientistshave begun to show that the advantages of bilingualism are even more f undamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people.Be ing bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effe ct on your brain,improving cognitive skills not related to language and ev en shielding against dementia （痴呆） in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understan ding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, edu cators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an int erference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child’s academic and int ellectual development.They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample eviden ce that in a bilingual’s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one syst em obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out , isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to r esolve internal conflict,giving the mind a workout that strengthens its co gnitive muscles.The collective evidence from a number of such studies suggests tha t the bilingual experience improves the brain’s so-called executive functi on — a command system that directs the attention processes that we us e for planning, solving problems and performing various other mentally demanding tasks. These processes include ignoring distractions to stay f ocused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another and holdi ng information in mind ? like remembering a sequence of directions whil e driving.Why does the tussle between two simultaneously active language s ystems improve these aspects of cognition? Until recently, researchers t hought the bilingual advantage stemmed primarily from ability for inhibi tion that was honed by the exercise of suppressing one language system: this suppression, it was thought, would help train the bilingual mind to i gnore distractions in other contexts. But that explanation increasingly ap pears to be inadequate, since studies have shown that bilinguals perfor m better than monolinguals even at tasks that do not require inhibition, l ike threading a line through an ascending series of numbers scattered ra ndomly on a page.The key difference between bilinguals and monolinguals may be mo re basic: a heightened ability to monitor the environment. “Bilinguals have to switch languages quite often? You may talk to your fa ther in one language and to your mother in another language,” says Albe rt Costa, a researcher at the University of Pompeu Fabra in Spain.“It requires keeping track of changes around you in the same way that w e monitor our surroundings when driving.” In a study comparing German -Italian bilinguals with Italian monolinguals on monitoring tasks, Mr. Cost a and his colleagues found that the bilingual subjects not only performed better, but they also did so with less activity in parts of the brain involve d in monitoring, indicating that they were more efficient at it.The bilingual experience appears to influence the brain from infanc y to old age, and there is reason to believe that it may also apply to thos e who learn a second language later in life.26. According to the passage, the more recent and old views of bilin gualism differ mainly in ________.A. its practical advantagesB. its role in cognitionC. perceived language fluencyD. its role in medicine27. The fact that interference is now seen as a blessing in disguise means that ________.A. it has led to unexpectedly favorable resultsB. its potential benefits have remained undiscoveredC. its effects on cognitive development have been minimalD. only a few researchers have realized its advantages28. What is the role of Paragraph Four in relation to Paragraph Thre e?A. It provides counter evidence to Paragraph Three.B. It offers another example of the role of interference.C. It serves as a transitional paragraph in the passage.D. It further illustrates the point in Paragraph Three.29. Which of the following can account for better performance of bi linguals in doing non-inhibition tasks?A. An ability to monitor surroundings.B. An ability to ignore distractions.C. An ability to perform with less effort.D. An ability to exercise suppression.30. What is the main theme of the passage?A. Features of bilinguals and monolinguals.B. Interference and suppression.C. Bilinguals and monitoring tasks.D. Reasons why bilinguals are smarter.There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Mark the be st answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.31. Which of the following is the French-speaking city in Canada?A. VancouverB. OttawaC. MontrealD. Toronto32. Which of the following are natives of New Zealand?A. The MaorisB. The AboriginalsC. The Red IndiansD. The Eskimos33. The established or national church in England is ________.A. the Roman Catholic ChurchB. the United Reformed ChurchC. the Anglican ChurchD. the Methodist Church34. The thirteen former British colonies in North America declared i ndependence from Great Britain in ________.A. 1774B. 1775C. 1776D. 177735.“Grace under pressure” is an outstanding virtue of ________ heroes.A. Scott Fitzgerald’sB. Ernest Hemingway’sC. Eugene O’Neill’sD. William Faulkner’s36. Widowers’ House was written by ________.A. John GalsworthyB. George Bernard ShawC. William Butler YeatsD. T. S. Eliot37. Who wrote The Canterbury Tales?A. William ShakespeareB. William BlakeC. Geoffrey ChaucerD. John Donne38. Which of the following pairs of words are homophones?A. wind (v.) / wind (n.)B. suspect (v.) / suspect (n.)C. convict (v.) / convict (n.)D. bare (adj.) / bear (v.)39. Which of the following sentences has the “S+V+O” structure?A. He died a hero.B. I went to London.C. Mary enjoyed parties.D. She became angry.40. Which of the following CAN NOT be used as an adverbial?A. The lion’s shareB. Heart and soul.C. Null and void.D. Hammer and tongs.The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a max imum of one error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “^” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.There is widespread consensus among scholars that second languag e acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1 950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______。

2014年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2014年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2014)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT:150MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture.You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY.While listening to the mini-lecture,please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture.When it is over,you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.How to Reduce StressLife is full of things that cause us stress.Though we may not like stress,we have to live with it.【答案与解析】(1)physical细节题。

这篇讲座主要围绕压力展开。

在提出问题“What is stress”之后，演讲者说到“The term was originally used in physics to describe the force exerted between two touching bodies.That was strictly a term describing a physical reaction”，即stress最初用在物理学中，指两个相互碰撞的物体之间产生的力量，严格地说是一个用来描述物理反应的术语。

2014年专业八级考试试题及答案解析(一)

专业八级考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Listening Comprehension (News Broadcast)（共4小题,共4.0分）In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.第1题According to the news, US consumer confidence ______.A slipped in five successive monthsB slipped in seven successive monthsC has dropped to its lowest level in five yearsD slipped one more point this month【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[听力原文]US consumer confidence dropped in November for the fifth straight month to its lowest level in more than seven years (1). The latest survey, a key indicator for the US economy, was released Tuesday by the Conference Board, a private business research group. The latest numbers show Americans are increasingly worried about jobs, as the number of unemployed keeps rising this year. Consumer confidence slipped another few points this month, more than experts were predicting. The figures show consumers are more concerned about the present economic situation than they have been in recent years. Also, persistent fears over terrorism apparently are adding to the people's worries (2). Economists say signs of falling confidence in the US economy could not have come at a worse time. It suggests less robust shopping during the end of the year holiday season. US retailers are already gloomy, as customers worried about their current financial situation seem to be shopping more cautiously. Consumer spending accounts for about two-thirds of US economic activity.题目问美国消费者信心下滑的情况。

2014年专业英语八级真题及答案解析

Ⅱ.__4__
A. positive stress
-where it occurs: Christmas, wedding,__5__
B. negative stress
—where it occurs: test-taking situations, friend´s death
Ⅲ. Ways to cope with stress
第14题
According to Angelina, what is the key issue in solving the refugee problem?
A.The current situation in Iraq.
B.The politics in the Middle East.
C.Refugees returning to normal life.
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Volume
Life is full of things that cause us stress. Though we may not like stress, we have to live with it.
Ⅰ. Definition of stress
A.__1__reaction
C.proposed that policies be made promptly
D.was much worried about the lack of action
第13题
Which of the following BEST explains what the global community should do?
Play00:0001:46
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第17题

2014年英语专八考试题答案

2014年英语专八考试题答案653390834一、阅读理解(共4题，合计20分)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages.TEXT AWhenever we could, Joan and I took refuge in the streets of Gibraltar. The Englishman's home is his castle because he has not much choice. There is nowhere to sit in the streets of England, not even, after twilight, in the public gardens. The climate, very often, does not even permit him to walk outside. Naturally, he stays indoors and creates a cocoon of comfort. That was the way we lived in Leeds. These southern people, on the other hand, look outwards. The Gibraltarian home is, typically, a small and crowded apartment up several flights of dark and dirty stairs. In it, one, two or even three old people share a few ill-lit rooms with the young family. Once he has eaten, changed his clothes, embraced his wife, kissed his children and his parents, there is nothing to keep the southern man at home. He hurries out, taking even his breakfast coffee at his local bar. He comes home late for his afternoon meal after an appetitive hour at his ear6. He sleeps for an hour, dresses, goes out again and stays out until late at night. His wife does not miss him, for she is out, too — at the market in the morning and in the afternoon sitting with other mothers, baby-minding in the sun.The usual Gibraltarian home has no sitting-room, living-room or lounge. The parlour of our working-class houses would be an intolerable waste of space. Easy-chairs, sofas and such-like furniture are unknown. There are no bookshelves, because there are no books. Talking and drinking, as well as eating, are done on hard chairs round the dining-table, between a sideboard decorated with the best glasses and an inevitable display cabinet full of family treasures, photographs and souvenirs. The elaborate chandelier over this table proclaims it as the hub of the household and of the family. "Hearth and home" makes very little sense in Gibraltar. One's home is one's town or village, and one's hearth is the sunshine.Our northern towns are dormitories with cubicles, by comparison. When we congregate — in the churches it used to be, now in the cinema, say, impersonally, or at public meetings, formally — we are scarcely ever man to man. Only in our pubs can you find the truly gregarious and communal spirit surviving, and in England even the pubs are divided along class lines.Along this Mediterranean coast, home is only a refuge and a retreat. The people live together in the open air — in the street, market-place. Down here, there is a far stronger feeling of community than we had ever known. In crowded and circumscribed Gibraltar, with its complicated inter-marriages, its identity of interests, its surviving sense of siege, one can see and feel an integrated society.To live in a tiny town with all the organization of a state, with Viceroy (总督), Premier, Parliament, Press and Pentagon, all in miniature, all within arm's reach, is an intensive course in civics. In such an environment, nothing can be hidden, for better or for worse. One's successes are seen and recognized;one's failures are immediately exposed. Social consciousness is at its strongest, with the result that there is a constant and firm pressure towards good social behaviour, towards courtesy and kindness. Gibraltar, with all its faults, is the friendliest and most tolerant of places. Straight from the cynical anonymity of a big city, we luxuriated in its happy personalism. We look back on it, like all its exiled sons and daughters, with true affection.我要找茬1 Which of the following best explains the differences in ways of living between the English and the Gibraltarians?[A] The family structure. [B] Religious belief.[C] The climate. [D] Eating habit.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬2The italicized part in the third paragraph implies that[A] English working class homes are similar to Gibraltarian ones.[B] English working-class homes have spacious sitting-rooms.[C] English working-class homes waste a lot of space.[D] the English working-class parlour is intolerable in Gibraltar.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬3We learn from the description of the Gibraltarian home that it is[A] modern. [B] luxurious. [C] stark. [D] simple.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬4There is a much stronger sense of ______ among the Gibraltarians.[A] togetherness [B] survival [C] identity [D] leisure选择答案：A B C D不确定答案我要找茬5According to the passage, people in Gibraltar tend to be well-behaved because of the following EXCEPT[A] the entirety of the state structure, [B] constant pressure from the state.[C] the small size of the town. [D] transparency of occurrences.选择答案：A B C D不确定答案TEXT BFor office innovators, the unrealized dream of the "paperless" office is a classic example of high-tech hubris (傲慢). Today's office drone is drowning in more paper than ever bef ore.But after decades of hype, American offices may finally be losing their paper obsession. T he de2014年专八考试答案653390834mand for paper used to outstrip the growth of the U. S. economy, but the past two or three years have seen a marked slowdown in sales — despite a healthy economic scene.Analysts attribute the decline to such factors as advances in digital databases and comm unication systems. Escaping our craving for paper, however, will be anything but an easy affair."Old habits are hard to break," says Merilyn Dunn, a communications supplies director. " There are some functions that paper serves where a screen display doesn't work. Those f unctions are both its strength and its weakness. "In the early to mid-'90s, a booming economy and improved desktop printers helped boos t paper sales by 6 to 7 percent each year. The convenience of desktop printing allowed o ffice workers to indulge in printing anything and everything at very little effort or cost. But now, the growth rate or paper sales in the United States is flattening by about half a percent each year. Between 2004 and 2005, Ms. Dunn says, plain white office paper will see less than a 4 percent growth rate, despite the strong overall economy. A primary rea son for the change, says Dunn, is that for the first time ever, some 47 percent of the wor kforce entered the job market after computers had already been introduced to offices. "We're finally seeing a reduction in the amount of paper being used per worker in the wo rkplace," says John Maine, vice president of a pulp and paper economic consulting firm. " More information is being transmitted electronically, and more and more people are comfortable with the information residing only in electronic form without printing multiple bac kups. "In addition, Mr. Maine points to the lackluster employment market for white-collar worke rs — the primary driver of office paper consumption — for the shift in paper usage. The real paradigm shift may be in the way paper is used. Since the advent of advanced a nd reliable office-network systems, data storage has moved away from paper archives. T he secretarial art of "filing" is disappearing from job descriptions. Much of today's data m ay never leave its original digital format.The changing attitudes toward paper have finally caught the attention of paper companie s, says Richard Harper, a researcher at Microsoft. "All of a sudden, the paper industry ha s started thinking, 'We need to learn more about the behavioural aspects of paper use, '" he says. "They had never asked, they'd just assumed that 70 million sheets would be bo ught per year as a literal function of economic growth. "To reduce paper use, some companies are working to combine digital and paper capabilit ies. For example, Xerox Corp. is developing electronic paper: thin digital displays that res pond to a stylus, like a pen on paper. Notations can be erased or saved digitally. Another idea, intelligent paper, comes from Anoto Group. It would allow notations made with a stylus on a page printed with a special magnetic ink to simultaneously appear on a computer screen.Even with such technological advances, the improved capabilities of digital storage contin ue to act against "paperlessness," argues Paul Saffo, a technology forecaster. In his prop hetic and metaphorical 1989 essay, "The Electronic Pinata (彩罐)," he suggests that the i ncreasing amounts of electronic data necessarily require more paper."The information industry today is like a huge electronic pinata, composed of a thin pape r crust surrounding an electronic core," Mr. Saffo wrote. The growing paper crust "is mos t noticeable, but the hidden electronic core that produces the crust is far larger — and gr owing more rapidly. The result is that we are becoming paperless, but we hardly notice a t all. "In the same way that digital innovations have increased paper consumption, Saffo says, so has video conferencing — with its promise of fewer in-person meetings — boosting bu siness travel."That's one of the great ironies of the information age ," Saffo says. "It's just common se nse that the more you talk to someone by phone or computer, it inevitably leads to a fac e-to-face meeting. The best thing for the aviation industry was the Internet. "TEXT CWhen George Orwell wrote in 1941 that England was "the most class-ridden country under the sun", he was only partly right. Societies have always had their hierarchies, with so me group perched at the top. In the Indian state of Bihar the Ranveer Sena, an upper-ca ste private army, even killed to stay there.By that measure class in Britain hardly seems entrenched (根深蒂固的). But in another w ay Orwell was right, and continues to be. As a new YouGov poll shows, Britons are surpri singly alert to class 2014年英语专八考试答案653390834— both their own and that of ot hers. And they still think class is sticky. According to the poll, 48% of people aged 30 or over say they expect to end up better off than their parents. But only 28% expect to end up in a different class. More than two-thirds think neither they nor their children will leav e the class they were born into.What does this thing that people cannot escape consist of these days? And what do peop le look at when decoding which class someone belongs to? The most useful identifying m arkers, according to the poll, are occupation, address, accent and income, in that order. The fact that income comes fourth is revealing: though some of the habits and attitudes that class used to define are more widely spread than they were, class still indicates som ething less blunt than mere wealth.Occupation is the most trusted guide to class, but changes in the labour market have ma de that harder to read than when Orwell was writing. Manual workers have shrunk along with farming and heavy industry as a proportion of the workforce, while the number of p eople in white-collar jobs has surged. Despite this striking change, when they were asked to place themselves in a class, Brits in 2006 huddled in much the same categories as the y did when they were asked in 1949. So, jobs, which were once a fairly reliable guide to class, have become misleading.A survey conducted earlier this year by Expertian shows how this convergence on similar types of work has blurred class boundaries. Expertian asked people in a number of differ ent jobs to place themselves in the working class or the middle class. Secretaries, waiters and journalists were significantly more likely to think themselves middle-class than acco untants, computer programmers or civil servants. Many new white-collar jobs offer no m ore autonomy or better prospects than old blue-collar ones. Yet despite the muddle over what the markers of class are these days, 71% of those polled by YouGov still said they f ound it very or fairly easy to figure out which class others belong to.In addition to changes in the labour market, two other things have smudged the borders on the class map. First, since 1945 Britain has received large numbers of immigrants who do not fit easily into existing notions of class and may have their own pyramids to scram ble up. The flow of new arrivals has increased since the late 1990s, multiplying this effect. Second, barriers to fame have been lowered. Britain's fast-growing ranks of celebrities — like David Beckham and his wife Victoria — form a kind of parallel aristocracy open to tal ent, or at least to those who are uninhibited enough to meet the requests of television producers. This too has made definitions more complicated.But many Brits, given the choice, still prefer to identify with the class they were born into rather than that which their jobs or income would suggest. This often entails pretending to be more humble than is actually the case: 220% of white-collar workers told YouGov t hat they consider themselves working class. Likewise, the Expertian survey found that on e in ten adults who call themselves working class are among the richest asset-owners, an d that over half a million households which earn more than $191,000 a year say they are working class. Pretending to be grander than income and occupation suggest is rarer, th ough it happens too.If class no longer describes a clear social, economic or even political status, is it worth pa ying any attention to.9 Possibly, yes. It is still in most cases closely correlated with educa tional attainment and career expectations.TEXT DThe train was whirling onward with such dignity of motion that a glance from the window seemed simply to prove that plains of Texas were pouring eastward. Vast fiats of green grass, dull-hued spaces of mesquite and cactus, little groups of frame houses, woods of li ght and tender trees, all were sweeping into the east, sweeping over the horizon, a preci pice.A newly married pair had boarded this coach at San Antonio. The man's face was redden ed from many days in the wind and sun, and a direct result of his new black clothes was that his brick-coloured hands were constantly performing in a most conscious fashion. Fr om time to time he looked down respectfully at his attire. He sat with a hand on each kn ee, like a man waiting in a barber's shop. The glances he devoted to other passengers w ere furtive and shy.The bride was not pretty, nor was she very young. She wore a dress of blue cashmere, w ith small reservations of velvet here and there, and with steel buttons abounding. She co ntinually twisted her head to regard her puff sleeves, very stiff, and high. They embarras sed her. It was quite apparent that she had cooked, and that she expected to cook, dutif ully. The blushes caused by the careless scrutiny of some passengers as she had entered the car were strange to see upon this plain, under-class countenance, which was drawn in placid, almost emotionless lines.They were evidently very happy. "Ever been in a parlor-car before?" he asked, smiling wi th delight."No," she answered; "I never was. It's fine, ain't it?""Great! And then after a while we'll go forward to the dinner, and get a big lay-out. Fresh meal in the world. Charge a dollar. ""Oh, do they?" cried the bride. "Charge a dollar? Why, that's too much — for us — ain't it, Jack?""Nor this trip, anyhow," he answered bravely. "We're going to go the whole thing. " Later he explained to her about the trains. "You see, it's a thousand miles from one end of Texas to the other; and this runs right across it, and never stops but four times. " He had the pride of an owner. He pointed out to her the dazzling fittings of the coach; and i n truth her eyes opened wider and she contemplated the sea-green figured velvet, the s hining brass, silver, and glass, the wood that gleamed as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil. At one end a bronze figure sturdily held a support for a separated chamber, and at convenient places on the ceiling were frescos in olive and silver.To the minds of the pair, their surroundings reflected the glory of their marriage that mor ning in San Antonio: this was the environment of their new estate; and the man's face in particular beamed with an elation that made him appear ridiculous to the Negro porter. This individual at times surveyed them from afar with an amused and superior grin. On o ther occasions he bullied them with skill in ways that did not make it exactly plain to the m that they were being bullied. He subtly used all the manners of the most unconquerabl e kind of snobbery. He oppressed them. But of this oppression they had small knowledge, and they speedily forgot that infrequently a number of travelers covered them with stare s of derisive enjoyment. Historically there was supposed to be something infinitely humor ous in their situation."We are due in Yellow Sky at 3:42," he said, looking tenderly into her eyes."Oh, are we?" she said, as if she had not been aware of it. To evince (表现出) surprise at her husband's statement was part of her wifely amiability. She took from a pocket a littl e silver watch: and as she held it before her, and stared at it with a frown of attention, t he new husband's face shone."I bought it in San Anton' from a friend of mine," he told her gleefully."It's seventeen minutes past twelve," she said, looking up at him with a kind of shy and c lumsy coquetry (调情; 卖俏). A passenger, noting this play, grew excessively sardonic, an d winked at himself in one of the numerous mirrors.At last they went to the dining-car. Two rows of Negro waiters, in glowing white suits, su rveyed their entrance with the interest, and also the equanimity (平静), of men who had been forewarned. The pair fell to the lot of a waiter who happened to feel pleasure in ste ering them through their meal. He viewed them with the manner of a fatherly pilot, his c ountenance radiant with benevolence. The patronage, entwined with the ordinary defere nce, was not plain to them. And yet, as they returned to their coach, they showed in thei r faces a sense of escape.With social and economic development, our people have more time and money to visit famous sites of historical interest. Their visits, on the one hand,can enrich their own life and meanwhile bring the sites substantial incomes. On the other hand, too many visits, especially during peak travel peak when there are more visitors, have caused huge problems. One solution to this is to charge higher fees during peak travel seasons, which I think is necessary and I am in complete favor of this decision.As we all know, today there is no entrance fee charged for many parks in our country while almost all famous sites of historical interest still need an entry fee. Some people can not accept this for they think that both parks and famous sites of historical interest are part of public services. They should have free access to them or at least shouldn’t pay too much for the visit since they have already paid taxes to the government. Then it is far impossible for those people to allow the sites to charge higher fees during peak travel seasons.On the surface, the arguments that people opposing to entry fees charged for famous sites of historical interest hold seem reasonable. But in fact, those people have ignored the unique features of famous sites of historical interest which normally imply ample historical and cultural values. Those sites differ from common parks. The relics in these sites are precious and fragile to destroy, and usually need special and professional preservation and administration, which turn out to be an expensive exercise that constantly demands resources. Entry fees must be charged. During peak travel seasons, there is no better measure than raising the entry fees to reduce the number of tourists. The purpose of charging higher fees is t o stop some people’ visits so as to better protect the valuable relics and at the same time ensure the safety of the tourists. It is obvious that some people will give up their visits considering the higher fees. Here economic means are applied to conserve precious things at the sites of historical interest in an appropriate and sustainable way.In a word, due to the unique features of relics and the need of the sustainable protection of sites of historical interest, we must control the number of visitors, especially during the peak travel seasons when there are too many tourists, to diminish the impact of human activities on these sites to its lowest level. And charging higher fees during the peak travel seasons, an effective economic means of regulation will be of great importance.Passage Four (Examinations Exert a Pernicious Influence on Education)We might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations.For all the pious claim that examinations text what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a person’s true ability and aptitude.As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.That is because so much depends on them.They are the mark of success of failure in our society.Your whole future may be decided in onefateful day.It doesn’t matter that you weren’t feeling very well, or that you2014年专八考试答案653390834r mother died.Little things like that don’t count：the exam goes on.No one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do.The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured.Can we wonder at the increasing number of ‘drop-outs’：young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself.The examination system does anything but that.What hasto be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize.Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming.They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms.Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise.The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner.Examiners are onlyhuman.They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes.Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time.They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates.And their word carries weight.After a judge’s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an examiner’s.There must surely be many sim pler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities.Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis.The best comment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall：‘I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a teenage millionaire.’The main idea of this passage is[A] examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.[B] examinations are ineffective.[C] examinations are profitable for institutions.[D] examinations are a burden on students.The author’s attitude toward examinations is[A]detest.[B] approval.[C] critical.[D] indifferent.The fate of students is decided by[A] education.[B] institutions.[C] examinations.[D] students themselves.According to the author, the most important of a good education is[A] to encourage students to read widely.[B] to train students to think on their own.[C] to teach students how to tackle exams.[D] to master his fate.Why does the author mention court?[A] Give an example.[B] For comparison.[C] It shows that teachers’ evolutions depend on the results of examinations.[D] It shows the results of court is more effectise.Vocabularypernicious 有害的，恶性的，破坏性的knack 窍门，诀窍embark 乘船，登记write off 勾销，注销。

历年专业英语八级考试真题及答案 (19)

III. Ways to cope with stress
A. recoginition of stress signals
—monitor for (6)of stress
—find ways to protect oneself
B. attention to body demand
—effect of (7)
2014年专业英语八级考试真题及答案
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE, using no more than three words in each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task Use the blank sheet for note-taking.

2014年专八翻译及答案

2014年专八翻译及答案第一篇：2014年专八翻译及答案2014年英语专八考试汉译英部分真题（网友回忆版）当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。

我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。

可是，我也愿意升学。

我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。

只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。

入学，要交十圆的保证金。

这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。

她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。

当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。

我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。

中译英部分参考译文（沪江网校版）After I graduated from primary school, relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother.Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress, I still aspired to go on with study.So I kept learning secretly.I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms, books, room and board.To enter the school, I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit.This was a large sum of money for my family.However, after two weeks’ tough effort, mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards.She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future.On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation, mother and I spent a sleepless night.I said to her, “you can have a rest in the future.” but she replied nothing, only with tears streaming down her face.点评：本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。

2013~2014年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2013年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MIN PART ⅠLISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.What Do Active Learners Do?There are differences between active learning and passive learning.Characteristics of active learners:I. reading with (1) _____ (1) _____A. before reading: setting goalsB. while reading: (2) _____ (2) _____ II. (3) _____ and critical in thinking (3) _____i.e. information processing, e. g.—connections between the known and the new information—identification of (4) ______ concepts (4) _____—judgment on the value of (5) _____ (5) _____ III. active in listeningA. ways of note-taking: (6) _____ (6) _____B. before note-taking: listening and (7) _____ (7) _____ IV. being able to get assistanceA. reason 1: knowing comprehension problems because of (8) _____ (8) _____B. reason 2: being able to predict study difficultiesV. being able to (9) _____ (9) _____A. question what they read or hearB. evaluate and (10) _____ (10) _____ VI. last characteristicA. attitude toward (11) _____ (11) _____—active learners: accept—passive learners: (12) _____ (12) _____B. attitude toward (13) _____ (13) _____—active learners: evaluate and change behavior—passive learners: no change in approachRelationship between skill and will:I. Skill means the tools to handle the studying and learning demands;II. Will means the (14) _____ to follow through; (14) _____ III. Will is more important in (15) _____; (15) _____ IV. Lack of will leads to difficulty in college learning.【答案与解析】(1) purpose(细节题。

专业英语八级真题2014年(暂缺听力音频)

专业英语八级真题2014年(暂缺听力音频)(总分：110.00，做题时间：195分钟)一、PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) (总题数：1，分数：10.00) HowtoReduceStressLifeisfullofthingsthatcauseusstress.Thoughwemaynotlikestress,wehavetolivewithit.I.Definitionofstress A.(1)_____reaction i.e.forceexertedbetweentwotouchingbodiesB.humanreaction i.e.responseto(2)_____onsomeone e.g.increaseinbreathing,heartrate,(3)_____. II.(4)______ A.positivestress Whereitoccurs:Christmas,wedding,(5)______ B.negativestress Whereitoccurs:test-takingsituations,friend?sdeath III.WaystocopewithstressA.recognitionofstresssignals --monitorfor(6)_____ofstress --findwaystoprotectoneselfB.attentiontobodydemand --effectof(7)______C.planningandactingappropriately--reasonforplanning --(8)_____ofplanning D.learningto(9)_____ --e.g.delaycausedbytraffic E.pacingactivities --manageabletask --(10)______HowtoReduceStressLifeisfullofthingsthatcauseusstress.Thoughwemaynotlikestress,wehavetolivewithit.I.Definitionofstress A.(1)_____reaction i.e.forceexertedbetweentwotouchingbodiesB.humanreaction i.e.responseto(2)_____onsomeone e.g.increaseinbreathing,heartrate,(3)_____. II.(4)______ A.positivestress Whereitoccurs:Christmas,wedding,(5)______ B.negativestress Whereitoccurs:test-takingsituations,friend?sdeath III.WaystocopewithstressA.recognitionofstresssignals --monitorfor(6)_____ofstress --findwaystoprotectoneselfB.attentiontobodydemand --effectof(7)______C.planningandactingappropriately--reasonforplanning --(8)_____ofplanning D.learningto(9)_____ --e.g.delaycausedbytraffic E.pacingactivities --manageabletask --(10)______（分数：10.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：physical）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a demand）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：blood pressure）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Category）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：a job）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：signals）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：body）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：advantage）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：accept）解析：填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：reasonable speed）解析：二、SECTION B INTERVIEW (总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).WhatisthemainpurposeofAngeline'svisittoIraq? （分数：1.00）A.To look after refugees in Iraq.B.To draw attention to the refugee crisis.C.To work for U.N.H.C.R.D.Toworkoutaplanforrefugees. √解析：(2).FromtheinterviewweknowthatAngelina __________ . （分数：1.00）A.was strongly opposed to officials?opinionsB.thought young kids should be given priorityC.proposed that policies be made promptlyD.was much worried about the lack of action √解析：(3).WhichofthefollowingBESTexplainswhattheglobalcommunityshoulddo? （分数：1.00）A.To take prompt and effective actions. √B.To supervise the construction of schools.C.To provide water and power supply.D.To prevent instability and aggression.解析：(4).AccordingtoAngelina,whatisthekeyissueinsolvingtherefugeeproblem? （分数：1.00）A.The current situation in Iraq.B.The politics in the Middle East.C.Refugees returning to normal life. √D.International and domestic efforts.解析：(5).AngelinasacktothesawhertriptoIraqsignificantbecauseshecould __________ . （分数：1.00）A.help others know where the problems wereB.help bring NGOs back to the regionC.talk to different people there √D.read the official papers解析：三、SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST (总题数：3，分数：6.00)1.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequ estion.Nowlistentothenews.Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswertheques tion.Nowlistentothenews.whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem? （分数：2.00）A.Alitalia?s attempt to help Wind Jet out.B.Cancellation of flights at Rome Airport. √C.Problems caused by Wind Jet?s cash shortage.D.Expected changes of Wind.解析：Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswert hequestion.Nowlistentothenews.Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswert hequestion.Nowlistentothenews.（分数：2.00）(1).WhatdidtheresearchersdiscoverinnorthernKenya? （分数：1.00）A.Three species of humans.B.Three human fossils. √C.A human skull.D.A human tooth.解析：(2).Whatwasthesignificanceofthediscovery? （分数：1.00）A.The finding were published in Nature.B.More research efforts were encouraged.C.Most research questions were answered.D.It support an existing assumption. √解析：Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofnewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswer thequestion.Nowlistentothenews.（分数：2.00）(1).Theairportoriginallydecidedtocoveruptheposterbecause_______. （分数：1.00）A.some international travelers complainer √B.the art exhibition was to be postponedC.otherartists?workswereabsentfromadsD.real-lifemodelswouldappearonthescene解析：(2).WhatwasthereactionoftheNationalGalleriesofScotland? （分数：1.00）A.HorrifiedB.IndignantC.Surprised √D.Outraged解析：四、PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN) (总题数：4，分数：20.00)TextA MyclassatHarvardBusinessSchoolhelpsstudentsunderstandwhatgoodmanagementtheoryisandhowitisbui lt..Ineachsession,welookatonecompanythroughthelensesofwhatactionswillyieldtheneededresults.O nthelastdayofclass,Iaskmystudenttoturnthosetheoreticallessononthemselvestofindanswerstotwoqu estionsFirst,HowcanIbesureI'llhappyinmycareer?Second,HowcanIbesuremyrelationshipswithmyspous eandmyfamilywillbecomeanenduringsourceofhappiness?Howaresomemanagementtoolsthatcanbeusedtohe lpyoulesdapurposefullife.1USEYOURRESOURCESWISELY.Yourdecisionsaboutallocationyourpersonaltime,energy,andtalentshapeyo urlife?sstrategy.Ihaveabunchof“businesses”thatcompetefortheseresources:I?mtryingtohavea rew ardingrelationshipwithmywife,raisegreatkids,contributetomycommunity,succeedinmycareer,andcon tributetomychurch.AndIhaveexactlythesameproblemthatacorporationdoes.Ihavealimitedamountoftim e,energy,andtalent.HowmuchdoIdevotetoeachofthosepursuits? Allocationchoicescanmakeyourlifeturnouttobeverydifferentfromwhatyouintendedsometimesthat?sgo od:Opportunitiesthatyouneverplannedforemerge.Butifyoudon?tinvestyourresourceswisely,theoutco memakecanbebad.AsIthinkaboutpeoplewhoinadvertentlyinvestedinlivesofhollowunhappiness,Ican?th elpbelievingthattheirtroublesrelaterightbacktoashort-termperspective. Whenpeoplewithahighneedforachievementhaveaanextrahalfhouroftimeoranextraounceofenergy,they?l lunconsciouslyallocateittoactivitiesthatyieldthemosttangibleaccomplishment.Ourcareersprovide themostconcreteevidencethatwe’removingforward.Youshipaproduct,finishadesign,completeapresen tation,closeasale,teachaclass,publishapaper,getpaid,getpromoted.Incontrast,investingtimeande nergyinyourrelationshipwithyourspouseandchildrentypicallydoesn?tofferthatsameimmediatesenseo fachievement.Kidsmisbehaveeveryday.It?sreallynotuntil20yearsdowntheroadthatyoucansay,“Irais edagoodsonorgooddaughter.”Youcanneglectyourrelationshipwithyourspouse,andonadailybasisitdoe sn?tseemasifthingsaredeteriorating.Peoplewhoaredriventoexcelhavethisunconsciouspropensitytou nderinvestintheirfamiliesandoverinvestintheircareers,eventhoughintimateandlovingfamilyrelati onshiparethemostpowerfulandsourceofhappiness.Ifyoustudytherootcauseofbusinessdisasters,overandoveryou?llfindthispredispositiontowardendeavorsthatofferimmediategratification.Ifyoulookatpersonallivesthroughthatlens,you?llseethesame stunningandsoberingpattern:peopleallocatingfewerandfewerresourcestothethingstheywouldhaveonc esaidmatteredmost.2CREATEAFAMILYCULTURE.It?sonethingtoseeintothefoggyfuturewithacuityandchartthecoursecorrecti onacompanymusttake.Butit?squiteanothertopersuadeemployeestolineupandworkcooperativelytotaket hecompanyinthatnewdirection.Whenthereislittleagreement,youhavetouse“powertools”-coercion,threats,punishment,andsoon,to securecooperation.Butifemployees?waysofworkingtogethersucceedoverandover,consensusbeginstofo rm.Ultimately,peopledon?teventhinkaboutwhethertheirwayyieldssuccess.Theyembraceprioritiesand followproceduresbyinstinctandassumptionratherthanbyexplicitdecision,whichmeansthatthey?vecre atedaculture.Culture,incompellingbutunspokenways,dictatestheproven,acceptablemethodsbywhichm embersofagroupaddressrecurrentproblems.Andculturedefinestheprioritygiventodifferenttypesofpr oblems.Itcanbeapowerfulmanagementtool.Iusethismodeltoaddressthequestion,HowcanIbesuremyfamilybecomesanenduringsourceofhappiness?My studentsquicklyseethatthesimplestwayparentscanelicitcooperationfromchildrenistowieldpowertoo ls.Buttherecomesapointduringtheteenyearswhenpowertoolsnolongerwork.Atthatpoint,parentsstartw ishingtheyhadbegunworkingwiththeirchildrenataveryyoungagetobuildacultureinwhichchildreninsti nctivelybehaverespectfullytowardoneanother,obeytheirparents,andchoosetherightthingtodo.Famil ieshavecultures,justascompaniesdo.Thoseculturescanbebuiltconsciously. Ifyouwantyourkidstohavestrongself-esteemandtheconfidencethattheycansolvehardproblems,thosequ alitieswon?tmagicallymaterializeinhighschool.Youhavetodesignthemintoyourfamily?sculture,andy ouhavetothinkaboutthisveryearlyon.Likeemployees,childrenbuildself-esteembydoingthingsthatare hardandlearningwhatworks.（分数：5.00）(1).Accordingtotheauthor,thekeytosuccessfulallocationofresourcesinyoulifedependsonwhetheryou __________ . （分数：1.00）A.have long-term planning √B.can manage your time wellC.are lucky enough to have new opportunitiesD.can solve both company and family problems解析：(2).Whatistheroleofthestatement“Ourcareersprovidethemostconcreteevidencethatwe’removingfor ward.”withreferencetothepreviousstatementintheparagraph? （分数：1.00）A.To present a contrast.B.To provide a definition.C.To offer further explanation. √D.To illustrate career development.解析：(3).Accordingtotheauthor,acommoncauseoffailureinbusinessandfamilyrelationshipsis __________ . （分数：1.00）ck of planningB.short-sightedness √C.shortage of resourcesD.decision by instinct解析：(4).Accordingtotheauthor,whendoesculturebegintoemerge? （分数：1.00）A.When people use “power tools” to reach agreement.B.When people realize the importance of consensus.C.When people as a group decide how to succeed. √D.When people decide what and how to do by instinct.解析：(5).Oneofthesimilaritiesbetweencompanycultureandfamilycultureisthat __________ . （分数：1.00）A.culture needs to be nurtured √B.cooperation is the foundationC.respect and obedience are key elementsD.problem-solving ability is essential解析：TextBItwasnearlybedtimeandwhentheyawokenextmorninglandwouldbeinsight.Dr.Macphaillithispipeand,lea ningovertherail,searchedtheheavensfortheSouthCross.Aftertwoyearsatthefrontandawoundthathadta kenlongertohealthanitshould,hewasgladtosettledownquietlyatApia(阿皮亚，西萨摩亚首都)fortwelvemonthsatleast,andhefeltalreadybetterforthejourney.Sincesomeofthepassengerswerele avingtheshipnextdaytheyhadhadalittledancethateveningandinhisearshammeredstilltheharshnotesof themechanicalpiano.Butthedeckwasquietatlast.Alittlewayoffhesawhiswifeinalongchairtalkingwith theDavidsons,andhestrolledovertoher.Whenhesatdownunderthelightandtookhishatyousawthathehadve ryredhair,withabaldpatchonthecrown,andthered,freckledskinwhichaccompaniedredhair,hewasamanof forty,thin,withapinchedface,preciseandratherpedantic;andhespokewithaScotsaccentinaverylow,qu ietvoice.BetweentheMacphailsandtheDavidsons,whoweremissionaries,therehadarisentheintimacyofshipboard, whichisduetoproximityratherthantoanycommunityoftaste.Theirchieftiewasthedisapprovaltheyshare dofthemenwhospenttheirdaysandnightsinthesmoking-roomplayingpokerorbridgeanddrinking.Mrs.Macp hailwasnotalittleflatteredtothinkthatsheandherhusbandweretheonlypeopleonboardwithwhomtheDavi dsonswerewillingtoassociate,andeventhedoctor,shybutnofool,halfunconsciouslyacknowledgedtheco mpliment.Itwasbecausehewasofanargumentativemindthatintheircabinatnighthepermittedhimselftoca rp（唠叨）.“Mrs.Davidsonswassayingshedidn?tknowhowthey?dhavegotthroughthejourneyifithadn?tbeenforus,”saidMrs.Macphail,assheneatlybrushedouthertransformation（假发）.“Shesaidwewerereallytheonlypeopleontheshiptheycaredtoknow.”“Ishouldn?thavethoughtamissionarywassuchabigbug（要人、名士）thathecouldaffordtoputonfrills （摆架子）.”“It?snotfri lls.Iquiteunderstandwhatshemeans.Itwouldn?thavebeenverynicefortheDavidsonstohave tomixwithallthatroughlotinthesmoking-room.”“Thefounderoftheirreligionwasn?tsoexclusive,’saidDr.Macphailwithachuckle."I?veaskedyouoverandoveragainnottojokeaboutreligion,?answeredhiswife.?Ishouldn?tliketohavean aturelikeyours,Alec.Youneverlookforthebestinpeople.? Hegaveherasidelongglancewithhispale,blueeyes,butdidnotreply.Aftermanyyearsofmarriedlifehehad learnedthatitwasmoreconductivetopeacetoleavehiswifewiththelastword.Hewasundressesbeforeshewa s,andclimbingintothebunkhesettleddowntoreadhimselftosleep. Whenhecameondecknextmorningtheywereclosetoland.Helookedatitwithgreedyeyes.Therewasathinstrip ofsliverbeachrisingquicklytohillscoveredtothetopwithluxuriantvegetation.Thecoconuttree,thick andgreen,camenearlytothewater?sedge,andamongthemyousawthegrasshousesofSamoans(萨摩亚人);andhereandthere,gleamingwhite,alittlechurch.Mrs.Davidsoncameandstoodbesidehim.Shewasalit tlewoman,withbrown,dullhairveryelaboratelyarranged,andshehadprominentblueeyesbehindinvisible pince-nez(夹鼻眼镜).Herfacewaslong,likeasheep?s,butshegavenoimpressingoffoolishness,ratherofextremealertness ;shehadthequickmovementsofabird.Themostremarkablethingaboutherwashervoice,high,metallic,andw ithoutinflexion;itfellontheearwithahardmonotony,irritatingtothenerveslikethepitilessclamorof thepneumaticdrill. "Thismustseemlikehometoyou,?saidDr.Macphail,withhisthin,difficultsmile. "Oursarelowislands,youknow,notlikethese.Coral.Thesearevolcanic.We?vegotanothertendays?journeytoreachthem.?"Inthesepartsthat?salmostlikebeinginthenextstreetathome,?saidDr.Macphailfacetiously."Well,that?sratheranexaggeratedwayofputtingit,butonedoeslookatdistancesdifferentlyinSouthSea s.Sofaryouareright.? Dr.Macphailsighedfaintly.（分数：5.00）(1).itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatDr.Macpail________. （分数：1.00）A.enjoyed the sound of the mechanical pianoB.preferred quietness to noise √C.was going back to his hometownD.wanted to be friend the Davidsons解析：(2).TheMacphailsandtheDavidsonswereineachother?scompanybecausethey _________. （分数：1.00）A.shared dislike for some passengersB.had similar religious beliefC.liked each otherD.had similar experience √解析：(3).WhichofthefollowingstatementsBESTdescribesMrs.Macphail? （分数：1.00）A.She was good at making friends.B.She was prone to quarreling with her husband.C.She was skillful in dealing with strangers.D.She was easy to get along with. √解析：(4).AllthefollowingadjectivescanbeusedtodepictMrs.DavidsonEXCEPT__________ .（分数：1.00）A.IrritableB.Unapproachable √C.UnpleasantD.Arrogant解析：(5).WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutDr.MacphailisINCORRECT? （分数：1.00）A.He is made fun of the Davidsons.B.He was afraid of his wifeC.He was intelligent.D.He was sociable. √解析：TEXTCTodaywemakeroomforaremarkablynarrowrangeofpersonalitystyles.Wearetoldthattobegreatistobebold ,tobehappyistobesociable.Weseeourselvesasanationofextroverts--whichmeansthatwehavelostsighto fwhowereallyare.One-thirdtoone-halfofAmericansareintroverts--inotherwords,oneoutofeverytwoor threepeopleyouknow.Ifyouarenotanintrovertyourself,youaresurelyraising,managing,marriedto,orc oupledwithone.Ifthesestatisticssurpriseyou,thatisprobablybecausesomanypeoplepretendtobeextroverts.Closeint rovertspassundetectedonplaygrounds,inhighschoollockerrooms,andinthecorridorsofcorporateAmeri ca.Somefooleventhemselves,untilsomelifeevent—alayoff,anemptynest,aninheritancethatfreesthem tospendtimeastheylike-joltsthemintotakingstockoftheirtruenatures.Youhaveonlytoraisethissubje ctwithyourfriendsandacquaintancestofindthatthemostunlikelypeopleconsiderthemselvesintroverts. Itmakessensethatsomanyintrovertshideevenfromthemselves.WelivewithavaluesystemthatIcalltheExt rovertIdeal—theomnipresentbeliefthattheidealselfisgregarious,andcomfortableinthespotlight.T hearchetypalextrovertprefersactiontocontemplation,risk-takingtoheed-taking,certaintytodoubt. Hefavoursquickdecisions,evenattheriskofbeingwrong.Sheworkswellinteamsandsocializesingroups.Weliketothinkthatwevalueindividuality,butalltoooftenweadmireonetypeofindividual—thekindwho?s comfortable“puttinghimselfoutthere.”Sure,weallowtechnologicallygiftedlonerswholaunchcompan iesingaragestohaveanypersonalitytheyplease,buttheyaretheexceptions,nottherule,andourtoleranc eextendsmainlytothosewhogetfabulouslywealthyorholdthepromiseofdoingso.Introversion-alongwithitscousinssensitivity,seriousness,andshyness-isnowasecond-classpersona litytrait,somewherebetweenadisappointmentandapathology.IntrovertslivingundertheExtrovertIdea larelikewomeninaman?sworld,discountedbecauseofatraitthatgoestothecoreofwhotheyare.Extroversi onisanenormouslyappealingpersonalitystyle,butwe?veturneditintoanoppressivestandardtowhichmos tofusfeelwemustconform.TheExtrovertIdealhasbeendocumentedinmanystudies,throughthisresearchhasneverbeengroupedundera singlename.Talkativepeople,forexample,areratedassmarter,better-looking,moreinteresting,andmo redesirableasfriends.Velocityofspeechcountsaswellasvolume:werankfasttalkersasmorecompetentan dlikablethanslowones.Eventhewordintrovertisstigmatized-oneinformalstudy,bypsychologistLaurie Helgoe,foundthatintrovertsdescribedtheirownphysicalappearanceinvividlanguage,butwhenaskedtod escribegenericintrovertstheydrewablandanddistastefulpicture. ButwemakeagravemistaketoembracetheExtrovertIdealsounthinkingly.Someofourgreatestideas,art,an dinventions--fromthetheoryofevolutiontovanGogh?ssunflowerstothepersonalcomputer--camefromqui etandcerebralpeoplewhoknewhowtotuneintotheirinnerworldsandthetreasurestobefoundthere.（分数：5.00）(1).Accordingtotheauthor,thereexists,asfaraspersonalitystylesareconcerned,adiscrepancybetween__________. （分数：1.00）A.what people say they can do and what they actually can √B.what people profess and what statistics showC.what society values and what people pretend to beD.what people profess and what they hide from others解析：(2).TheidealextrovertisdescribedasbeingallthefollowingEXPECT __________ . （分数：1.00）A.doubtfulB.sociable √C.determinedD.bold解析：(3).Accordingtotheauthor,oursocietyonlypermits __________ tohavewhateverpersonality theylike. （分数：1.00）A.theyoung √B.the ordinaryC.the artisticD.the rich解析：(4).Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsBESTreflectstheauthor'sopinion? （分数：1.00）A.Extroversion is arbitrarily forced by society as a norm upon people.B.Introversion is seen as an inferior trait because of its association with sensitivity.C.Introverts are generally regarded as either unsuccessful or as deficient.D.Extroversion and introversion have similar personality trait profiles. √解析：(5).Theauthorwindsupthepassagewitha __________ note. （分数：1.00）A.cautiousB.positiveC.humorous √D.warning解析：TEXTD Speakingtwolanguagesratherthanjustonehasobviousparcticalbenefitsinanincreasinglyglobalizedwo rld.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavebeguntoshowthattheadvantagesof bilingualismareevenmorefundamentalthanbeingabletoconversewithawiderrangeofpeople.Beingbiling ual,itturnedout,makesyousmarter.Itcanhaveaprofoundeffectonyourbrain,improvingcognitiveskills notrelatedtolanguageandevenshieldingagainstdementia(痴呆)inoldage. Thisviewofbilingualismisremarkablydifferentfromtheunderstandingofbilingualismthroughmuchofth e20thcentury.Researchers,educatorsandpolicymakerslongconsideredasecondlanguagetobeaninterfer ence,cognitivelyspeaking,thathinderedachild?sacademicandintellectualdevelopment. Theywerenotwrongabouttheinterference:thereisampleevidencethatinabilingual?sbrainbothlanguage systemsareactiveevenwhenheisusingonlyonelanguage,thuscreatingsituationsinwhichonesystemobstr uctstheother.Butthisinterference,researchersarefindingout,isn?tsomuchahandicapasablessingind isguise.Itforcesthebraintoresolveinternalconflict,givingthemindaworkoutthatstrengthensitscog nitivemuscles. Thecollectiveevidencefromanumberofsuchstudiessuggeststhatthebilingualexperienceimprovesthebr ain?sso-calledexecutivefunction—acommandsystemthatdirectstheattentionprocessesthatweuseforp lanning,solvingproblemsandperformingvariousothermentallydemandingtasks.Theseprocessesinclude ignoringdistractionstostayfocused,switchingattentionwillfullyfromonethingtoanotherandholding informationinmind—likerememberingasequenceofdirectionswhiledriving. Whydoesthetusslebetweentwosimultaneouslyactivelanguagesystemsimprovetheseaspectsofcognition? Untilrecently,researchersthoughtthebilingualadvantagestemmedprimarilyfromanabilityforinhibit ionthatwashonedbytheexerciseofsuppressingonelanguagesystem:thissuppression,itwasthought,woul dhelptrainthebilingualmindtoignoredistractionsinothercontexts.Butthatexplanationincreasingly appearstobeinadequate,sincestudieshaveshownthatbilingualsperformbetterthanmonolingualsevenat tasksthatdonotrequireinhibition,likethreadingalinethroughanascendingseriesofnumbersscattered randomlyonapage. Thekeydifferencebetweenbilingualsandmonolingualsmaybemorebasicaheightenedabilitytomonitorthe environment."Bilingualshavetoswitchlanguagesquiteoften-youmaytalktoyourfatherinonelanguagean dtoyourmotherinanotherlanguage,"saysAlbertCosta,aresearcherattheUniversityofPompeaFabrainSpa in."Itrequireskeepingtrackofchangesaroundyouinthesamewaythatwemonitoroursurroundingswhendriv ing."InastudycomparingGerman-ItalianbilingualswithItalianmonolingualsincompletingmonitoringt asks,Mr.Costaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatthebilingualssubjectsnotonlyperformedbetter,butalsodid sowithlessactivityinpartsofthebraininvolvedinmonitoring,indicatingthattheywereefficientatit. Thebilingualexperienceappearstoinfluencethebrainfrominfancytooldage,andthereisreasontobeliev ethatitmayalsoapplytothosewholearnasecondlanguagelaterinlife. （分数：5.00）(1).Accordingtothepassage,themorerecentandoldviewsofbilingualismdiffermainlyin______. （分数：1.00）A.its practical advantagesB.perceived language fluencyC.itsroleincognitionD.its role in medicine √解析：(2).Thefactthatinterferenceisnowseenasablessingindisguisemeansthat ______. （分数：1.00）A.it has led to unexpectedly favourable resultsB.its potential benefits have remained undiscoveredC.its effects on cognitive development have been minimal √D.only a few researchers have realized its advantages解析：(3).WhatistheroleofParagraphFourinrelationtoParagraphThree? （分数：1.00）A.It provides counter evidence to Paragraph Three.B.It offers another example of the role of interference. √C.It serves as a transitional paragraph in the passage.D.It further illustrates the point in Paragraph Three.解析：(4).Whichofthefollowingcanaccountforbetterperformanceofbilingualsindoingnon-inhibitiontasks? （分数：1.00）A.An ability to ignore distractions.B.An ability to monitor surroundings.C.An ability to perform with less effort.D.An ability to exercise suppression. √解析：(5).Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage? （分数：1.00）A.Features of bilinguals and monolinguals. √B.Reasons why bilinguals are smarter.C.Bilinguals and monitoring tasks.D.Interference and suppression.解析：五、PATERIIIGENERALKNOWLEDGE(10MIN) (总题数：10，分数：10.00)2.WhichofthefollowingistheFrench-speakingcityinCanada?（分数：1.00）A.VancouverB.OttawaC.Montreal √D.Toronto解析：3.WhichofthefollowingarenativesofNewZealand?（分数：1.00）A.The Maoris. √B.The Aboriginals.C.The Red Indians.D.The Eskimos.解析：4.TheestablishedornationalchurchinEnglandis_____.（分数：1.00）A.the Roman Catholic ChurchB.the unites Reformed ChurchC.the Methodist ChurchD.the Anglican Church √解析：5.ThethirteenformerBritishcoloniesinNorthAmericadeclaredindependenceformGreatBritainin_____. （分数：1.00）A.1772B.1775C.1776 √D.1777解析：6.”Graceunderpressure”isanoutstandingvirtueof_____ heroes.（分数：1.00）A.Scott Fitzgerald'sB.William Faulkner'sC.Ernest Hemingway's √D.Eugene O?Neill's解析：7.Widowers’Housewaswrittenby __________ .（分数：1.00）A.John GalsworthyB.George Bernard Shaw √C.William Butler YeatsD.T.S. Eliot解析：8.WhowroteTheCanterburyTales?（分数：1.00）A.Geoffrey Chaucer √B.William ShakespeareC.John DonneD.William Blake解析：9.Whichofthefollowingpairsofwordsarehomophones?（分数：1.00）A.wind (v.) / wind (n.).B.suspect (v.) / suspect (n.).C.bare(adj.)/bear(v.). √D.convict (v.) / convict (n.).解析：10.Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasthe“S+V+O”structure?（分数：1.00）A.He died a hero.B.I went to LondonC.She became angry.D.Mary enjoyed parties √解析：11.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeusedasanadverbial?（分数：1.00）A.Heart and soul.B.The lion's share. √C.Null and void.D.Hammer and tongs.解析：六、PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) (总题数：1，分数：10.00) Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageac-quisition(SLA)emergedasadistinct fieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s. Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions(1)_____ havepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea:(2)_____ Isitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthe samesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?(3)_____Whatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave(4)______moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguage sthanchildrenhave?.Whatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguages? .Whatistheroleofthelangu ageteachinginthe(5)_____acquisitionofanadditionallanguage? .Whatsocioculturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthel earningofadditionallanguages? Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall(6)______ theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhaveonethingincommon:Theperspectiveadoptedt oviewtheacquiring ofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo(7)_____so.Whetheronlabelsit“learning”or“acquiring”anadditionallanguage,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunder(8)_____focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofanindividual.Thatis,thespotlightis onwhatmentalcapabilitiesare involving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning(9)_____ oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntinthe classroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.(10)_____（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(把of去掉。

英语专业八级人文学习知识试题及规范标准答案

2014年英语专业八级人文知识试题及答案1. The study of __ is Syntax.A textual organizationB sentence structuresC word formationD language functions2. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A arbitrarinessB productivityC cultural transmissionD finiteness3. The speech act theory was first put forward by__.A John ScarlB Johan AustinC Noarn ChomskyD M.A.K Halliday4. The capital city of Canada is __.A MontrealB OttawaC VancouverD York5. U.S. presidents normally serve a (an) __ term.A eight-yearB four-yearC six-yearD two year6. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.A HustonB BaltimoreC PhiladelphiaD Boston7. The state church in England is __.A The BaptistB The Roman CatholicC The Protestant ChurchD The Church of England8. The novel Emma is written by__.A Jane AustenB ElizabethC Gaskell Charlotte BronteD Mary Shelley9. Which of the following is not a Romantic Poet?A William WordsworthB Percy B. ShelleyC George G. ByronD George Eliot10. William Sidney Porter, known as O.Henry, is most famous for __.A his poemB his playsC His novelsD his short storiesKEYS: 1-5 BDBBB 6-10 ADADD2013年英语专业八级人文知识试题及答案PART III GEBERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Mark the best answer to ea ch question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.31 The full official name of Australia is A. The Republic of Australia. B. The Union of Australia. C. The Federation of Australia. D. The Commonwealth of Aus tralia.32. Canada is well known for all the following EXCEPT A. its mineral resources.B. its heavy industries.C. its forest resources.D. its fertile and arable land.33. In the United States community college offer A. two-year programmes. B. four-year programmes. C. postgraduate studies. D. B.A. or B.S. degrees. 34. In ______, referenda in Scotland and Wales set up a Scottish parliament and a W ales assembly. A. 2000 B. 1946 C. 1990 D. 199735. Which of the following clusters of words is an example of alliteration? A. A weak seat. B. Knock and kick. C. Safe and sound. D. Coal and boat.36. Who wrote Mrs. Warren‟s profession? A. George Bernard Shaw. B. William Butler Yeats. C. John Gals worthy. D. T.S. Eliot.37. Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser is a(n) A. autobiography. B. short story.C. poem.D. novel.38. Which of the following italicized parts is an inflectional morpheme? A. Unlock. B. Government. C. Goes. D. Off-stage.39. ________is a language phenomenon in which words sound like what they refer to. A. Collocation B. Onomatopoeia C. Denotation D. Assimilation 40. The sentence “Close your book and listen to me carefully!” performsa(n) _______function. A. interrogative B. informative C. performative D. d irectivekeys:31-35 DBADC 36-40 ADCBD2012年英语专业八级真题(word版)人文知识部分31. The Maori people are natives ofA. Australia.B. Canada.C. Ireland.D. New Zealand.32. The British monarch is the Head ofA. Parliament.B. State.C. Government.D. Cabinet.33. Americans celebrate Independence Day onA. July 4th.B. October 11th.C. May 31st.D. September 6th.34. Canada is bounded on the north byA. the Pacific Ocean.B. the Atlantic Ocean.C. the Arctic Ocean.D. the Great Lakes.35. Who is the author of The Waste Lana?A. George Bernard Shaw.B. W.B. Yeats.C. Dylan Thomas.D. T.S. Eliot.36. Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury?A. William Faulkner.B. Ernest Hemingway.C. Scott Fitzgerald.D. John Steinbeck.37. "The lettuce was lonely without tomatoes and cucumbers for company" is an example ofA. exaggeration.B. understatement.C. personification.D. synecdoche.38. In English if a word begins with a [l] or a [r], then the next sound must be a vowel. This is a (n)A. assimilation rule.B. sequential rule.C.deletion rule.D. grammar rule.39. Which of the following is an example of clipping?A.APEC.B.Motel.C.Xerox.D.Disco.40. The type of language which is selected as appropriate to a particular type of" situation is calledA. register.B. dialect.C. slang.D. variety.Keys:31-35 DBACD 36-40 ACBDA2011专八人文知识真题参考答案31. The northernmost part of Great Britain is _______. A. Northern Ireland B. WalesC. EnglandD. Scotland32. It is generally agreed that _______ were the first Europeans to reach Australia's s hores. A. the French B. the Germans C. the British D. the Dutch33. Which country is known as the Land of Maple Leaf? A. Canada. B. New Zealand. C. Great Britain.D. The United States of America.34. Who wrote the famous pamphlet, The Common Sense, before the American Re volution? A. Thomas Jefferson. B. Thomas Paine. C. John Adams.D. Benjamin Franklin.35. Virginia Woolf was an important female ________ in the 20th-century England.A. poetB. biographerC. playwrightD. novelist36. ______ refers to a long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero ina nation's history.A. BalladB. RomanceC. EpicD. Elegy37. Which of the following best explores American myth in the 20th century? A. The Great Gatsby. B. The Sun Also Rises. C. The Sound and the Fury. D. Beyond the Horizon.38. _______ is defined as the study of the relationship between language and mind.A. SemanticsB. PragmaticsC. Cognitive linguisticsD. Sociolinguistics39. A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of ________. A. absence of obstruction B. presence of obstruction C. manner of articulation D. place of a rticulation40. The definition "the act of using or promoting the use of several languages, eith er by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers" refers to _________. A. Pidgin B. CreoleC. MultilingualismD. BilingualismKeys:31-35 BDABD 36-40 CACAC2010年英语专八人文知识真题答案31. Which of the following is INCORRECTA. The British Constitution includes the Magna Carta of 12156B. The British Constitution includes Parliamentary actsC. The British Constitution includes decisions made by courts of lawD：The British Constitution includes one single written constitution32. The first city ever founded in Canada isA. QuebecB. VancouverC. TorontoD. Montreal33. When did the Australian Federation officially come into being? A. 1770 B. 1788C. 1900D. 190134. The Emancipation Proclamation to end the plantation slavery in the south of U S was issued by A. Abraham Lincoln B. Thomas Paine C. George Washington D. T homas Jefferson35．Who was best known for the technique of dramatic monologue in his poems?A. Will BlakeB. W.B.YeatsC. Robert BrowningD. William Wordsworth36. The Financier was written byA. Mark TwainB. Henry JamesC. William FaulknerD. Theodore Dreiser37. In literature a story in verse or prose with a double meaning is defined as—————— A. allegory B. sonnet C. blank verse D. rhyme38.____ refers to the learning and development of a languageA. language acquisitionB. language comprehensionC. language productionD. l anguage introduction39. The word “motel” comes from “motor – hotel”. This is an example of “…” in morphology. A. backformation B. conversion C. blending D. acronym 40．Language is tool of communication, the symbol “highway closed” serves A. an express function B. an informative function C. a performative function D. a persuasive functionKeys:31-35 DADAC 36-40 DAACB2009年英语专业八级人文知识真题及答案31. The Head of State of New Zealand is ______.A. the governor-generalB. the Prime MinisterC. the high commissionerD. the monarch of United Kingdom32. The capital of Scotland is ______.A. GlasgowB. EdinburghC. ManchesterD. London33. Who write the Declaration of Independence and later became the U.S. President ?A. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. Thomas PaineD. John Adams34. Which is the following cities is located on the eastern coast of Australia ?A. PerthB. AdelaideC. SydneyD. Melbourne35. Ode to the West Wind was written by ______.A. Willian BlakeB. Willian WordsworthC. Samuel Taylor ColeridegeD. Percy Bysshe Shelley36. Who among the following is a poet of free verse ?A. Ralph Waldo EmersonB. Walt WhitmanC. Herman MelvilleD. Theodore Dreiser37. The novel Sons and Lovers was written by ______.A. Thomas HardyB. John GalworhtyC. D.H. Lawrence D. James Joyce38. The sstudy of mental processes of language comprehension and production is ______.A. corpus linguisticsB. socialinguisticsC. theoretical linguisticsD. psycholinguistics39. A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is called ______.A. dialectB. idiolectC. pidginD. register40. When a speake expresses his intension of speaking, such as asking someone to open the window, he is performing ______.A. an illocutionary actB. a perlocutionary actC. a locutionary actD. none of the aboveKey: 31-35 DBACD 36-40 BCDCA2008年英语专业八级人文知识真题及答案31. The largest city in Canada is_______.A. Vancouver.B. Montreal.C. TorontoD. Ottawa.32. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested in________.A. the Federal Government.B. the Supreme Court.C. the Cabinet.D. the Congress.33. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States?A. Baseball.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. American football.34. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is__________.A. the President.B. the Governor-General.C. the British monarchD. the Prime Minister.35. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by__________.A. William Langland.B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare.D. Alfred Tennyson.36. Who wrote The American?A. Herman Melville.B. Nathaniel Hawthorne.C. Henry James.D. Theodore Dreiser.37. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th -century Britain EXCEPT_____.A. George Eliot.B. Iris Jean Murdoch.C. Doris Lessing.D. Muriel Spark.38. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Displacement.C. Duality.D. Diachronicity.39. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called______.A. hyponymy.B. synonymy.C. polysemy.D. homonymy.Key：31-35 BCADB 36-40 CDACD2007年英语专业八级人文知识试题及答案31. The majority of the current population in the UK are descendants of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT_____.A. the AnglosB. the CeltsC. the JutesD. the Saxons32. The Head of State of Canada is represented by___.A. the MonarchB. the PresidentC. the Prime MinisterD. the Governor-general33. The Declaration of Independence was written by__.A. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. Alexander HamiltonD. James Madison34. The original inhabitants of Australia were____.A. the Red IndiansB. the EskimosC. the AboriginesD. the Maoris35. Which of the following novels was written by Emily Bronte?A. Oliver TwistB. MiddlemarchC. Jane EyreD. Wuthering Heights36. William Butler Yeats was a(n) ______ poet and playwright.A. AmericanB. CanadianC. IrishD. Australian37. Death of a Salesman was written by_____.A. Arthur MillerB. Ernest HemingwayC. Ralph EllisonD. James Baldwin38. _______ refers to the study of the internal structure of words and the rules of word formation.A. PhonologyB. MorphologyC. SemanticsD. Sociolinguistics39. The distinctive features of a speech variety may be all the following EXCEPT_____.A. lexicalB. syntacticC. phonologicalD. psycholinguistic40. The word tail once referred to “the tail of a horse”, but now it is used to mean “the tail of any animal.”This is an example of_____.A. widening of meaningB. narrowing of meaningC. meaning shiftD. loss of meaningKey: CDACD CABDA2006年英语专业八级人文知识试题及答案31.The Presidents during the American Civil War was_____.A. Andrew JacksonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32.The capital of New Zealand is_____.A. ChristchurchB. AucklandC. WellingtonD. Hamilton33.Who were the natives of Austrilia before the arrival of the British settlers?A.The AboriginesB. The MaoriC. The IndiansD. The Eskimos34.The Prime Minister in Britain is head of_____.A . the Shadow CabinetB. the ParliamentC. the OppositionD. the Cabinet35.Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A. T.S.EliotB.wrenceC. Theodore DreiserD. James Joyce36.The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written by___.A. Scott FitzgeraldB. William FaulknerC. Eugene O'NeilD. Ernest Hemingway37._____ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.A. Free verseB. SonnetC. OdeD. Epigram38.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion of_____.A. referenceB. meaningC. antonymyD. context39.The words"kid,child,offspring" are examples of__.A. dialectal synonymsB. stylistic synonymsC. emotive synonymsD. collocational synonyms40.The distinction between parole and langue was made by_____.A. HalliayB. ChomskyC. BloomfieldD. SaussureKey：31-35BCADA 36-40 DBDBD2005年英语专业八级人文知识试题及答案1. The study of __ is Syntax.A textual organizationB sentence structuresC word formationD language functions2. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A arbitrarinessB productivityC cultural transmissionD finiteness3. The speech act theory was first put forward by__.A John ScarlB Johan AustinC Noarn ChomskyD M.A.K Halliday4. The capital city of Canada is __.A MontrealB OttawaC VancouverD York5. U.S. presidents normally serve a (an) __ term.A eight-yearB four-yearC six-yearD two year6. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.A HustonB BaltimoreC PhiladelphiaD Boston7. The state church in England is __.A The BaptistB The Roman CatholicC The Protestant ChurchD The Church of England8. The novel Emma is written by__.A Jane AustenB ElizabethC Gaskell Charlotte BronteD Mary Shelley9. Which of the following is not a Romantic Poet?A William WordsworthB Percy B. ShelleyC George G. ByronD George Eliot10. William Sidney Porter, known as O.Henry, is most famous for __.A his poemB his playsC His novelsD his short storiesKEYS: 1-5 BDBBB 6-10 ADADD。

2014年专八阅读理解练习题及答案

What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother’s blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child. In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study. As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up. 1. Which of the following statements is not true? A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy. B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development. C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. D. There are no connection between mother’s nervous systems and her unborn child’s. 2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____. A. she is emotionally shocked B. she has a good knowledge of inheritance C. she takes part in all kind of activities D. she sticks to studying 3. According to the passage, a child may inherit____. A. everything from his mother B. a knowledge of mathematics C. a rather general ability that we call intelligence D. her mother’s musical ability 4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ____. A. surely become musician B. mostly become a poet C. possibly become a teacher D. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music 5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of Inheritance.B. An Unborn Child.C. Function of instincts.D. Inherited Talents. 答案：BACDA。

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C.proposed that policies be made promptly
D.was much worried about the lack of action
第13题
Which of the following BEST explains what the global community should do?
A.To take prompt and effective actions.
B.To supervise the construction of schools.
C.To provide water and power supply.
D.To prevent instability and aggression.
2014年专业英语八级真题及答案解析
(1~10/共10题)PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
Play00:0009:55
Volume
Life is full of things that cause us stress. Though we may not like stress, we have to live with it.
Ⅰ. Definition of stress
A.__1__reaction
i.e. force exerted between two touching bodies
B. human rene
e.g. increase in breathing, heart rate,__3__,
or muscle tension
第14题
According to Angelina, what is the key issue in solving the refugee problem?
A.The current situation in Iraq.
B.The politics in the Middle East.
C.Refugees returning to normal life.
Ⅱ.__4__
A. positive stress
-where it occurs: Christmas, wedding,__5__
B. negative stress
—where it occurs: test-taking situations, friend´s death
Ⅲ. Ways to cope with stress
第8题
第9题
第10题
下一题
(11~15/共5题)SECTION BIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.
Play00:0006:50
Volume
第11题
What is the main purpose of Angelina´s visit to Iraq?
A.To look after refugees in Iraq.
B.To draw attention to the refugee crisis.
C.To work for U.N.H.Ｃ.R.
D.To work out a plan for refugees.
第12题
From the interview we know that Angelina
A.was strongly opposed to officials’ opinions
B.thought young kids should be given priority
D.International and domestic efforts.
第15题
Angelina saw her trip to Iraq significant because she could
A.help others know where the problems were
—reason for planning
—__8__of planning
D. "learning to__9__
—e.g. delay caused by traffic
E. pacing activities
—manageable task
—__10__
第1题
第2题
第3题
第4题
第5题
第6题
第7题
A. recognition of stress signals
—monitor for__6_of stress
—find ways to protect oneself
B. attention to body demand
—effect of__7__
C. planning and acting appropriately

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