全国100所名校单元测试示范卷
全国100所名校2023版单元测试示范卷·高三·英语
全国100所名校2023版单元测试示范卷·高三·英语第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
第一篇：欧洲旅游Are you interested in exploring the cultural wonders of Europe? Treat yourself to an unforgettable experience by booking a European tour today! There are so many amazing countries to visit, each with its own unique charm and attractions. Here are some of the highlights of our European tours:•Italy: Visit the ancient ruins of Rome, the beautiful canals of Venice, and the stunning art collections ofFlorence. Indulge in delicious Italian cuisine and experience the excitement of the Italian way of life.•France: Discover the romantic city of Paris, with its famous landmarks such as the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre Museum. Explore picturesque towns in the Frenchcountryside and savor authentic French cuisine.•Spain: Enjoy the vibrant nightlife of Barcelona, visit the breathtaking Alhambra in Granada, and relax on thebeautiful beaches of Costa del Sol. Experience the richculture and traditions of Spain.•Germany: Explore the historic sights of Berlin, go beer tasting in Munich, and take a scenic drive along theRomantic Road. Discover the Christmas markets during the winter season for a magical experience.Choose from our various tour packages to customize your European adventure. Whether you prefer an action-packed tour with lots of sightseeing or a more relaxed itinerary with plenty of free time, we have the perfect tour for you. Don’t miss out on the opportunity to create lifelong memories while exploring the best of Europe.1.What is the main purpose of the text?A. To provide information about European tours.B. To explain the history of European countries.C. To introduce famous landmarks in Europe.D. To promote Italian cuisine.2.Which country is famous for its Christmas markets?A. Italy.B. France.C. Spain.D. Germany.3.What can tourists do in Barcelona?A. Visit ancient ruins.B. Go beer tasting.C. Enjoy the vibrant nightlife.D. Take a scenic drive.第二篇：手机依赖症With the increasing popularity of smartphones, more and more people are becoming dependent on them for various aspects of their lives. This excessive reliance on smartphones has led to a condition known as。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学卷
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学卷# 全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学卷一、选择题（每题3分，共30分）1. 下列哪个数是正整数？- A. -3- B. 0- C. 5- D. -12. 如果\( a \)和\( b \)互为相反数，那么\( a + b \)等于多少？ - A. 1- B. 0- C. -1- D. 不确定3. 圆的周长公式是\( C = 2\pi r \)，如果半径\( r = 4 \)，则周长\( C \)是多少？- A. 8- B. 16- C. 32- D. 644. 一个数的平方根是2，这个数是多少？- A. 4- B. -4- C. 8- D. 165. 下列哪个表达式的结果不是整数？- A. \( 4 \div 2 \)- B. \( 7 \mod 3 \)- C. \( 9 - 4 \)- D. \( 8 \times 1 \)6. 一个直角三角形的两直角边分别为3和4，斜边的长度是多少？ - A. 5- B. 6- C. 7- D. 87. 若\( x \)的相反数是-5，则\( x \)等于多少？- A. 5- B. -5- C. 0- D. 18. 一个数的立方根是3，这个数是多少？- A. 9- B. 27- C. 81- D. 7299. 一个数的绝对值是5，这个数可能是多少？- A. 5- B. -5- C. 3- D. 710. 一个数的倒数是\( \frac{1}{4} \)，这个数是多少？- A. 4- B. 1- C. 0.25- D. 0.5二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 一个数的平方是16，这个数可能是_________。
12. 如果\( a \)和\( b \)互为倒数，那么\( ab \)等于_________。
13. 一个直角三角形的斜边长度是10，其中一个锐角的正弦值是0.6，那么这个锐角的对边长度是_________。
2024届全国一百所名校单元测试示范卷英语
2024届全国一百所名校单元测试示范卷英语摘要：1.2024 届全国一百所名校单元测试示范卷英语概述2.试卷结构与内容3.试卷特点与备考建议正文：【2024 届全国一百所名校单元测试示范卷英语概述】2024 届全国一百所名校单元测试示范卷英语是一份针对全国一百所名校高三学生的英语学科测试卷。
该试卷旨在帮助学生了解高考英语考试的结构、题型及考试要求，为学生提供一个自我检测和提高英语水平的平台。
【试卷结构与内容】该英语试卷分为听力、单项填空、完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读、短文改错、书面表达等部分。
具体内容如下：1.听力：包括对话、短文及问题，考查学生对英语口语的理解能力。
2.单项填空：考查学生对英语语法、词汇、固定搭配等基础知识的掌握。
3.完形填空：考查学生对语境的理解以及词汇、语法的综合运用能力。
4.阅读理解：包括文章阅读和问题回答，考查学生对英语文章的理解能力。
5.任务型阅读：考查学生在特定任务下的阅读理解能力。
6.短文改错：考查学生对英语文章中错误句子的辨析和修改能力。
7.书面表达：要求学生根据给定情景和要求，用恰当的语言表达思想和观点。
【试卷特点与备考建议】1.试卷特点：本次示范卷注重考查学生的英语基础知识和综合运用能力，强调语境理解和实际应用。
同时，试卷结构接近高考英语试题，有利于学生熟悉高考题型，提高应试能力。
2.备考建议：（1）加强基础知识的学习，掌握英语语法、词汇、固定搭配等基本知识。
（2）提高听力水平，多听英语广播、观看英语影视作品，培养语感。
（3）注重阅读训练，多读英文文章，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
（4）加强写作训练，多进行书面表达练习，提高表达能力。
（5）模拟高考试题进行练习，熟悉考试题型，提高应试能力。
卷行天下全国100所名校单元测试示范卷(3篇)
第1篇一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪个城市被誉为“东方巴黎”？A. 上海B. 广州C. 深圳D. 杭州2. 中国古代四大发明指的是哪四样？A. 火药、指南针、造纸术、印刷术B. 火箭、轮船、火车、飞机C. 纸、笔、墨、砚D. 剑、弓、箭、矛3. 以下哪位诗人被誉为“诗仙”？A. 李白B. 杜甫C. 白居易D. 苏轼4. 以下哪个节日是中国传统节日之一？A. 愚人节B. 感恩节C. 圣诞节D. 端午节5. 以下哪个成语出自《三国演义》？A. 指点江山B. 持之以恒C. 破釜沉舟D. 持其两端6. 以下哪个国家被称为“千岛之国”？A. 日本B. 俄罗斯C. 印度尼西亚D. 挪威7. 以下哪位科学家被称为“现代计算机之父”？A. 阿达·洛芙莱斯B. 查尔斯·巴贝奇C. 阿兰·图灵D. 艾伦·图灵8. 以下哪个成语出自《红楼梦》？A. 落花流水B. 水落石出C. 水滴石穿D. 水到渠成9. 以下哪个城市被誉为“东方威尼斯”？A. 苏州B. 杭州C. 扬州D. 武汉10. 以下哪个节日是中国传统节日之一？A. 元宵节B. 中秋节C. 重阳节D. 清明节二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 中国的简称是______，首都______。
2. 中国古代的“五行”是指______、______、______、______、______。
3. 中国的“四大名著”是______、______、______、______。
4. 中国的“三大宗教”是______、______、______。
5. 中国的“三大战役”是______、______、______。
6. 中国的“四大发明”是______、______、______、______。
7. 中国的“三大水利工程”是______、______、______。
8. 中国的“三大旅游胜地”是______、______、______。
全国100所名校单元测试卷数学
全国100所名校单元测试卷数学# 单元测试卷数学第一部分：选择题1. 下列哪个选项是质数？- A. 1- B. 4- C. 7- D. 92. 圆的面积公式是什么？- A. \( A = \pi r \)- B. \( A = 2\pi r \)- C. \( A = \pi r^2 \)- D. \( A = 4\pi r^2 \)3. 以下哪个表达式等价于 \( (x+2)(x-3) \)？- A. \( x^2 - x - 6 \)- B. \( x^2 - 5x - 6 \)- C. \( x^2 - 5x + 6 \)- D. \( x^2 + x - 6 \)4. 一个直角三角形的两条直角边长分别为3和4，斜边的长度是多少？ - A. 5- B. 6- C. 7- D. 85. 以下哪个选项是正确的因式分解？- A. \( x^2 - 1 = (x+1)(x-1) \)- B. \( x^2 + 1 = (x+1)(x-1) \)- C. \( x^2 + 2x + 1 = (x+1)^2 \)- D. \( x^2 - 2x + 1 = (x-1)^2 \)第二部分：填空题1. 一个数的平方根是4，这个数是 _ 。
2. 一个数的立方根是2，这个数是 _ 。
3. 一个数的相反数是-5，这个数是 _ 。
4. 一个数的绝对值是7，这个数可以是 _ 或 _ 。
5. 一个数的倒数是\( \frac{1}{2} \)，这个数是 _ 。
第三部分：计算题1. 计算下列表达式的值：- \( 3x^2 - 5x + 2 \) 当 \( x = 2 \)- \( \frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{4} - \frac{5}{6} \)2. 解下列方程：- \( 2x - 3 = 7 \)- \( 3x + 4 = 2x + 10 \)3. 证明勾股定理：在一个直角三角形中，斜边的平方等于两直角边的平方和。
全国100所名校高三单元测试示范卷语文2024
全国100所名校高三单元测试示范卷语文2024 选择题：下列作品中，属于明清小说的是：a) 《红楼梦》b) 《西游记》c) 《水浒传》d) 《三国演义》“白日依山尽，黄河入海流”出自下列哪首诗？a) 《登鹳雀楼》b) 《静夜思》c) 《望岳》d) 《赋得古原草送别》下列哪个成语的意思与“画蛇添足”相反？a) 画龙点睛b) 画蛇添毛c) 画虎类犬d) 画地为牢下列哪个诗人是唐代的？a) 杜牧b) 李白c) 苏轼d) 辛弃疾下列哪个句子使用了夸张修辞手法？a) 天空中的星星闪烁着微弱的光芒。
b) 他的笑容如阳光般温暖。
c) 这个城市的人口多得像蚂蚁一样。
d) 风吹过，树叶沙沙作响。
下列哪个作品是鲁迅的代表作？a) 《红楼梦》b) 《呐喊》c) 《西游记》d) 《水浒传》填空题：“______是人民的鲜血，是人民的生命线。
”（填一成语）“人生自古谁无______，留取丹心照汗青。
”（填一字）“______之痛，胜于快乐。
”（填一成语）“______之道，损有余而补不足。
”（填一字）“______之地，金钱之源。
”（填一成语）“______之痛，胜于快乐。
”（填一字）文言文题目：请解释“风雨如晦”的意思。
请解释“蓬莱文章建安骨”的意思。
请解释“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”的意思。
请解释“人生自古谁无死”的意思。
请解释“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”的意思。
请解释“海内存知己，天涯若比邻”的意思。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷高三数学
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷高三数学一、选择题（每题4分，共40分）1. 下列函数中，不是周期函数的是：A. y = sin(x)B. y = cos(x)C. y = tan(x)D. y = e^x2. 已知集合A={1, 2, 3}，B={2, 3, 4}，求A∪B：A. {1, 2, 3, 4}B. {1, 2, 3}C. {2, 3, 4}D. {1, 4}3. 若f(x) = 2x - 1，求f(3)：A. 5B. 4C. 3D. 24. 已知a > 0，b > 0，且a + b = 1，求ab的最大值：A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 1/3D. 1/65. 直线y = 2x + 3与x轴的交点坐标是：A. (-1, 0)B. (3/2, 0)C. (0, 3)D. (1, 0)6. 已知函数f(x) = x^2 - 4x + 4，求f(x)的最小值：A. 0B. -4C. -3D. 47. 根据题目所给的三角函数关系，求cos(α + β)的值：A. cosαcosβB. sinαsinβC. cosαsinβ - sinαcosβD. sinαcosβ + cosαsinβ8. 若a, b, c ∈ R，且a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 1，求(a + b + c)^2的最大值：A. 1B. 3/2C. 2D. 9/49. 已知等差数列{an}的首项a1=2，公差d=3，求第10项a10：A. 29B. 32C. 35D. 3810. 已知函数f(x) = |x - 1| + |x - 3|，求f(2)：A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 4二、填空题（每题4分，共20分）11. 已知函数f(x) = x^3 - 3x^2 + 2，求f'(x)的值。
答案：__________12. 若sinθ = 1/3，且θ为锐角，求cosθ的值。
答案：__________13. 已知等比数列{bn}的首项b1=8，公比q=1/2，求第5项b5。
第十三套全国100所名校高三单元测试示范卷语文
第十三套全国100所名校高三单元测试示范卷语文一、基础知识（每题3分，共30分）下列加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A. 踯躅（zhí zhú）愀然（qiǎo）惆怅（chàng）B. 嗟悼（jiē）憔悴（qiáo cuì）訾詈（zǐ lì）C. 逡巡（qūn xún）迤逦（yǐ lǐ）睥睨（pì nì）D. 槁暴（gǎo pù）跬步（kuǐ）骐骥（qí jì）下列词语中没有错别字的一项是（）A. 寒喧怂恿咀嚼义愤填膺B. 憎恶俨然炮烙踯躅不前C. 踌躇邂逅缪误茕茕孑立D. 葳蕤潦倒赍发咄咄怪事下列句子中，加点成语使用恰当的一项是（）A. 有些人只会说些冠冕堂皇的话，做起事来却拖泥带水，毫无效率。
B. 敌人被打得落花流水，狼狈逃窜。
C. 他的设计虽然有些瑕疵，但也不能求全责备。
D. 高考复习阶段，有些同学天天开夜车，结果适得其反，成绩反而下降了。
（以下题目略去具体选项）下列各句中，没有语病的一句是_______。
下列文学常识表述不正确的一项是_______。
下列各句中，所引诗词不符合语境的一项是_______。
下列对《红楼梦》中有关情节的分析，不正确的一项是_______。
下列各句中，加点成语的使用全都正确的一项是_______。
下列各句中，表达得体的一句是_______。
下列各句中，没有语病的一句是_______。
二、阅读理解（共40分）（一）文言文阅读（15分）阅读下面的文言文，完成11～15题。
（文言文材料略）下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（）下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（）把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
（1）___________（2）___________文中提到的人物有哪些性格特点？请简要分析。
作者在文中表达了怎样的思想感情？（二）现代文阅读（25分）（现代文材料略）下列对文本相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（）请简要分析文本中某人物的形象特点。
2024届全国一百所名校单元测试示范卷英语
2024届全国一百所名校单元测试示范卷英语阅读理解（Reading Comprehension）Passage 1Questions 1-5Read the following passage and answer the questions below.A Vegetarian LifestyleVegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat, poultry, seafood, and their by-products. There are various reasons why people choose to adopt a vegetarian lifestyle, including health, ethics, and environmental concerns.Health BenefitsMany people choose to become vegetarians for the health benefits. Research has shown that a vegetarian diet can help reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and certain types of cancer. Vegetarian diets tend to be lower in saturated fat and cholesterol, and higher in fiber and antioxidants, all of which contribute to better overall health.Ethical ReasonsEthical concerns about animal welfare are another common reason for adopting a vegetarian lifestyle. Many people believe that animals deserve to be treated with compassion and respect, and that consuming meat and other animal products promotes cruelty and harm. By choosing not to consume animal products, vegetarians can make a positive impact on animal welfare.Environmental ImpactThe environmental impact of meat production is another factor that leads people to choose a vegetarian lifestyle. Livestock farming requires large amounts of land, water, and feed. It also contributes to deforestation, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. By reducing or eliminating meat consumption, individuals can help reduce the strain on natural resources and minimize the negative impact on the planet.1.What is vegetarianism?2.Why do some people choose to become vegetarians?3.What are the health benefits of a vegetarian diet?4.What are ethical concerns associated with meat consumption?5.How does meat production affect the environment?Passage 2Questions 6-10Read the following passage and answer the questions below.The Impact of Tourism on Local CommunitiesTourism can bring numerous benefits to a destination, including economic growth, job creation, and cultural exchange. However, it can also have negative impacts on local communities.Positive ImpactsOne major benefit of tourism is the boost to the local economy. Tourism brings in revenue through accommodation, food and beverage services, transportation, and tourist attractions. This revenue can contribute to the development of infrastructure, such as roads and public facilities, which benefit both locals and tourists. Additionally, tourism provides job opportunities for local residents, helping to reduce unemployment rates and improve livelihoods.Cultural exchange is another positive aspect of tourism. Visitors to a destination often have the opportunity to experience the local culture, traditions, and customs. This cultural interaction can lead to a greater understanding and appreciation of different cultures, fostering tolerance and mutual respect.Negative ImpactsOne negative impact of tourism is the potential for over-tourism. Over-tourism occurs when a destination becomes overcrowded with tourists, leading to issues such as increased pollution, strain on resources, and deterioration of infrastructure. It can also disrupt the daily lives of local residents, as their neighborhoods become overrun with tourists and their needs become secondary to the demands of the tourism industry.Another negative impact is the commodification of culture. In some cases, tourism can lead to the cultural commodification of local traditions and customs. Local communities may alter or perform cultural practices solely for the purpose of attracting tourists, leading to the loss of authenticity and meaningful cultural experiences.6.What are some positive impacts of tourism on local communities?7.How does tourism contribute to the local economy?8.What is over-tourism, and what negative impacts can it have?9.How does tourism affect cultural exchange?10.What is the commodification of culture, and how can it be a negative impact of tourism?语法与词汇（Grammar and Vocabulary）Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence.1.I _______ studying English for five years.– A. am– B. have been– C. was– D. will be2.Sarah is _______ to visit her grandparents next week.– A. go– B. goes– C. going– D. went3.The weather _______ cold yesterday, so we decided to stay at home.– A. is– B. was– C. will be– D. has been4.Could you please _______ me the salt? It’s on the table.– A. pass– B. to pass– C. passed– D. passing5.Lisa _______ her homework when she realized she had forgotten her textbook at school.– A. has finished– B. finishing– C. had finished– D. was finishing6.The _______ I study, the better my grades become.– A. more– B. less– C. least– D. most7.It was such a _______ movie that it made me cry.– A. boring– B. bored– C. interest– D. interesting8.It is important to _______ a healthy lifestyle in order to stay fit.– A. lead– B. leading– C. leads– D. led9.The teacher asked the students to _______ the passage to practice their reading skills.– A. read– B. reading– C. reads– D. to read10._______ I finish this project, I will be able to relax and enjoy my vacation.– A. Once– B. While– C. Unless– D. Although听力理解（Listening Comprehension）Part 1Listen to the following conversation and answer the questions below. Question 1: Where are Rachel and Tom going?Question 2: How are they planning to get there?Question 3: What is the purpose of their trip?Part 2Listen to the following news report and answer the questions below.Question 4: What is the main topic of the news report?Question 5: What has the government decided to do?Question 6: When will the new regulations come into effect?写作（Writing）Part 1: Letter WritingWrite a letter to your friend inviting them to a party you are hosting. In your letter, include:•The date, time, and location of the party•The reason for the party•The activities and entertainment that will be provided•Any special instructions or requests for your friend to bring somethingPart 2: Essay WritingWrite an essay discussing the benefits and limitations of online education. In your essay, include:•An introduction to online education•The benefits of online education, such as flexibility and accessibility•The limitations of online education, such as lack of face-to-face interaction and potential for distractions•Your personal opinion on whether online education is a good alternative to traditional classroom learningNote: This is a sample mock exam and does not reflect an actual test paper. The questions and content are for practice purposes only.。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷参考答案(一～十)(高中新课标R·必修2)(一)1．B由图可知，a的人口增长模式为高出生率、低死亡率、高自然增长率，属于传统型。
2．A图中Ⅰ阶段，出生率高，死亡率高，自然增长率低，符合原始型的特点。
3．BⅡ阶段，低出生率，低死亡率，低自然增长率，属现代型，将会出现劳动力不足、社会保障负担沉重等问题。
4．B甲图中老年人比重较大，青少年比重较小，自然增长率较低；乙图中少年儿童比重较大，自然增长率较高。
5．A甲国老年人比重过大，该国面临的最大的人口问题是人口老龄化，人口老龄化会导致国内缺乏青壮年劳力、国防兵力不足、社会上用于养老保险的费用过高、青壮年负担过重等问题。
6．A深圳属于移民城市，经济发达，人口数量变化很大，主要原因是人口迁移频繁，数量巨大。
7．D深圳形成于改革开放之后，是一座移民城市，迁入人口大多比较年轻，使其人口年龄结构很年轻，所以死亡率很低。
8．B根据图中数据可以得出目前印度人口由1951年的3.8亿增长到2022年的11亿，增长了7.2亿，增长了2倍多。
根据题意“印度8年间人口从10亿增加到11亿”，故年增长率超过1%，应处于高增长阶段。
从图中可以看出印度人口增长速度逐渐加快，每年净增人口有增加趋势。
9．C可用排除法，人口增长快，劳动力充足，但由于人口多，消耗也多，积累较少；印度没有大面积的热带雨林，故②错。
10．D根据材料描述，导致华北人口迁移的原因是华北大旱导致华北的环境人口容量变小。
11．B华北男性人口大批移民东北，华北青壮年男性人口明显少于相同年龄段的女性人口，又因为清末我国人口出生率高，所以相对来说儿童的比例大，因此B图正确。
12．D图中迁移人口主要集中在20～29岁，这部分人口属于劳动力人口，人口迁移最可能受经济因素影响。
13．A图中甲为0～4岁的儿童，儿童的迁移主要与父母的迁移有关；图中乙为20～29岁的青年人口，与甲的关联性最强。
2024届全国100所名校单元测试示范卷语文
2024届全国100所名校单元测试示范卷语文一、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。
柔道与我我是一名柔道爱好者，从小学一年级开始接触柔道，对我来说，柔道不仅仅是一项体育运动，更是一种生活态度和价值观。
在柔道的课堂上，我学到了很多东西，不仅仅是技击的技巧，更是关于人生的智慧。
我记得我的柔道老师常常告诉我们：“柔道的精神是以礼义廉耻为根本，要培养我们健康向上、坚韧不拔的品质。
”这个道理让我受益终身。
在柔道课上，我们经常进行对抗性的训练，这不仅需要身体的力量和技术的运用，更需要心理素质的培养。
我的柔道老师说：“在激烈的对抗中，我们要学会冷静思考，找出对手的弱点，然后找准时机进行进攻。
”这个教导让我明白了在生活中遇到困难时，也需要保持冷静思考，找到解决问题的方法。
另外，柔道还培养了我坚持不懈的精神。
练习柔道需要长时间的坚持和努力，只有不断地反复练习，才能够提高自己的技术水平。
我的柔道老师告诉我们：“只有付出才能有收获，只有坚持才能取得成功。
”每次听到这样的话，我都会倍感鼓舞，坚定了我继续努力的决心。
总的来说，参与柔道的训练让我学到了很多东西，不仅仅是技术上的进步，更是关于人生的启示。
我相信这些柔道的精神会伴随我一生，让我变得更加坚强、自信和有责任心。
问题：1.什么是柔道在作者眼中的意义？2.柔道训练中，除了身体力量和技术运用，还需要什么？3.通过练习柔道，作者学到了哪些东西？4.这篇文章的主题是什么？二、写作请以“感谢”为题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。
【参考范文】感谢感谢是一种美德，一种对他人付出和关爱的回应，同时也是培养孩子成为更有同情心和感恩心的人的关键。
我相信，学会感谢是每个人一生中非常重要的一课。
首先，感谢是对他人努力和付出的肯定。
每个人都需要被认可和赞赏，当我们发现别人为我们付出时间、精力和爱心时，我们应该及时表达感谢之情，让这种关怀和付出更有意义。
我们不仅要感谢父母为我们提供了温暖的家，还要感谢老师的教诲和同学的友情。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷
必修3综合检测一、选择题（本大题共35小题，1-30每小题1.5分，31-35每小题2分，共55分。
1．人体的内环境稳态的调节能力是有一定限度的。
下列现象中，属于内环境稳态失调的是A ．环境温度下降，甲状腺激素分泌增加B ．接受抗原刺激，T 淋巴细胞增殖和分化C 血液中钙盐不足，引起肌肉抽搐D ．饮食过咸，尿量减少2．下列有关调节和稳态的叙述中，错误的是A ．多数内分泌腺分泌激素受神经系统的调控B ．内环境的稳态是多个器官系统协调作用的结果C ．内分泌腺分泌的激素不会影响神经系统的功能D ．内环境的稳态利于细胞内酶促反应的正常进行3．骨髓移植是治疗白血病常用的有效方法之一，主要原因是移植，骨髓中的造血干细胞可在患者体内A 正常生长B 增殖并分化成多种细胞C ．分泌抗体D ．杀死各种病原菌4．以下关于人体免疫的叙述正确的是A ．泪液中的溶菌酶清除侵染机体细菌的过程属于体液免疫反应B ．对同种抗原的二次免疫主要通过初次免疫存留的抗体发挥作用C ． HIV 性胸腺缺失患儿的细胞免疫功能完全丧失D ．HIV 侵染人体的T 细胞只影响细胞免疫过程5．下列关于下丘脑功能的叙述不正确的是A ．甲状腺激素的含量变化，对下丘脑和垂体分泌相关激素进行反馈调节B ．下丘脑的神经分泌细胞既能分泌激素同时也能传导神经冲动C ．下丘脑既是体温调节的中枢，也是温度感觉的中枢D ．下丘脑内具有渗透压感受器并能够合成抗利尿激素6．右图表示某种鱼迁入一生态系统后，种群数量增长率随时间变化的曲线，下列叙述正确的是：A. 在t0～t2时间内，种群数量呈“J”型增长B. 若在t2时种群的个体数量为N ，则在t1时种群的数量为N/2C. 在t2时种群个体的数量与在t0时种群个体的数量相等D. 从t1到t2，该鱼的种群数量呈下降趋势 7．内环境保持相对稳定是人体各项生命活动顺利进行的必要条件。
下列有关叙述正确的是A ．饥饿状态下，人体胰岛A 细胞的分泌活动增强B ．初次接触花粉时可导致过敏反应的发生C ．中暑是神经调节紊乱造成的，与体液调节无关D ．佝偻病与内环境的稳态失调没有直接关系8．一般成年人可以有意识地控制排尿，即可以“憋尿”，这说明A ．高级中枢可以控制低级中枢B ．排尿中枢位于大脑皮层C 下丘脑可以产生抗利尿激素D ．渗透压感受器位于大脑皮层9．下列关于群落的空间结构特征的生态意义的叙述，不正确的是 （ ）A ．群落的空间结构特征是长期自然选择的结果B ．群落的空间结构有利于对资源的充分利用C ．群落的空间结构缓解了种间竞争，促进了种间互助D ．导致这种结构特征的主要非生物因素是温度和水分10．下图为人体某一反射弧的示意图，下列有关叙述错误的是0 1 2A．人体内任一反射都需B、C、D三种类型神经细胞参与B．在细胞A处给予一个刺激，电流计的指针能发生两次方向反的偏转C．若从a处切断神经纤维，刺激b处，效应器可以产生反应D．兴奋在细胞B、C、D之间传递时，都存在化学信号与电信号的转换11．下列关于植物激素的叙述正确的是A．脱落酸能促进马铃薯发芽B．果实发育过程中只受生长素和乙烯的调节C．赤霉素和生长素都能促进植物生长D．根具有向地性是由于近地侧生长素浓度高而长得快12．下图中，①②③④均为去掉尖端的胚芽鞘，③和④顶端的琼脂块上曾放过胚芽鞘尖端，②的顶端是普通琼脂块，能直立生长和弯曲生长的依次是A．②④B．③④C．②③D．③②13．在人体内，神经冲动的传导不可能由……………………………………………（）A、轴突→树突→细胞体B、轴突→细胞体→树突C、树突→细胞体→轴突D、细胞体→树突→轴突14．以下是某研究性学习小组所做的实验：在胚芽鞘切面一侧放置含不同浓度生长素的琼脂块，测定各胚芽鞘弯曲生长的角度，下表数据说明A．生长素浓度不同，促进效应就不同B．胚芽鞘弯曲的程度与其他激素无关C．琼脂中生长素浓度为0.35 mg•L-1时，胚芽鞘生长受抑制D．促进胚芽鞘生长的最适生长素浓度在0.25 mg•L-1左右15．下列生产或实验过程，不能使用吲哚乙酸的是A．处理扦插的月季枝条，促进生根B．处理青色的生香蕉，加速转变为黄香蕉C．处理去掉雄蕊的番茄花蕾，育出无子果实D．处理切去胚芽鞘尖端的燕麦幼苗，使其继续生长16．关于“土壤中小动物类群丰富度的研究”的说法，错误的是A．对于无法知道名称的小动物，不可忽略，应记录下它们的特征B．调查该土壤中动物类群丰富度时，可采用标志重捕法进行调查C．利用小动物的避光避热性，可采用带灯罩的热光源收集样土中的小动物D．可分别在白天和晚上取同一地块的土样，调查不同时间土壤中小动物丰富度17．下列结合种群特征的概念图（右图）所作的分析，错误的是A．利用性引诱剂诱杀害虫会影响③B．种群密度是种群最基本的数量特征C．预测种群数量变化的主要依据是④D．春运期间，广州人口数量变化主要取决于图中的①②18．关于右图中种群数量变化说法错误的是A．种群“J”型曲线出现在理想条件下B．个体较小的动物种群多表现为“J”型增长，个体较大的种群多表现为“S”型增长C．自然状态下种群数量达到600时，种群的增长速率为0D．环境条件变化时，种群的K值也会发生相应变化19，在群落演替过程中，下列变化不可能发生的是A．群落的物种构成不断发生变化B．只存在生物与生物之间的相互作用C．物种总数起始增多然后趋于稳定D．成熟阶段总生产量与总呼吸量相对稳定20、下列与人体内环境稳态调节有关的叙述，正确的是（）A．血浆中抗利尿激素随细胞外液渗透压升高而增多B．人体维持体温相对稳定的调节方式为激素调节C．血浆的化学成分稳定时，机体达到稳态D．胰岛素降低血糖浓度的原理是切断血糖的来源21、根据所学知识判断下列几种叙述中，正确的项数为①胸腺在免疫中的作用是先分化出造血干细胞，进而分化出T细胞②过敏反应是指已免疫的机体在再次接受相同抗原的刺激时所发生的反应③浆细胞产生的抗体能对任何病毒起免疫作用④吞噬细胞、T细胞、B细胞、记忆细胞、浆细胞均能识别抗原⑤一种抗原只能与相应的抗体或效应T细胞发生特异性结合⑥自身免疫病和艾滋病都是机体免疫功能不强或缺陷造成的A．四项B．三项C．二项D．一项22、图为反射弧模式图，下列叙述正确的是①若在a点刺激，神经就发生兴奋，并从这一点向肌肉方向传导，肌肉就收缩 ②图中结构C 和结构D 分别是效应器和感受器③图中结构B 的功能与膜的流动性有关 ④当兴奋性时，神经细胞膜的离子通透性会发生急剧变化，钾离子流入细胞内 ⑤a 处产生的兴奋不能传递给脊髓内的中间神经元 A ．①②③ B ．①②④ C ．②③④ D ．①③⑤23．下图是分泌细胞分泌的某种物质与靶细胞结合的示意图，据图判断下列叙述正确的是A .分泌细胞产生的分泌物与靶细胞相互结合原因是因为靶细胞膜上有载体蛋白 B .如果分泌细胞为甲状腺细胞，那么靶细胞可能为垂体细胞C .如果分泌细胞是垂体细胞，那么此时的靶细胞不可能是性腺细胞D .如果分泌细胞产生的分泌物为胰高血糖素，则靶细胞可以为肌肉细胞24、下列关于兴奋传导的叙述，正确的是 （ ）A ．神经纤维膜内局部电流的流动方向与兴奋传导方向一致B ．神经纤维上已兴奋的部位将恢复为静息状态的零电位C ．突触小体完成“化学信号→电信号”的转变D ．神经递质作用于突触后膜，使突触后膜产生兴奋25．图一是将含有生长素的琼脂块放在切去尖端的胚芽鞘的一侧，胚芽鞘弯曲的情况（弯曲角度用A 表示）；图二是生长素对胚芽鞘生长的促进作用示意图，由此我们可以判断下列说法错误的是A ．琼脂块中生长素浓度在b 点时A 具有最大值B ．当生长素浓度小于b 点浓度时，随生长素浓度的增加A 逐渐减小C ．只有生长素浓度高于c 点浓度时，生长素才会抑制胚芽鞘的生长D ．由图二可知生长素对于胚芽鞘的生长作用具有两重性26.在一条离体神经纤维的中段施加电刺激，使其兴奋。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷一、语文（满分100分）I. 选择题（每题2分，共30分）1. 下列词语中，加点字的注音全都正确的一项是（）A. 璀璨（cuǐ càn）沙砾（shā lì）瑕疵（xī cī）B. 氛围（fēn wéi）感慨（gǎn kǎi）竣工（jùn gōng）C. 惬意（qiè yì）憧憬（chōng jǐng）涵养（hán yǎng）D. 沉湎（chén miǎn）沙滩（shā tān）沮丧（jǔ sàng）2. 下列句子中，加点成语使用不正确的一项是（）A. 这部电影情节跌宕起伏，引人入胜，让人拍案叫绝。
B. 老师在课堂上耐心讲解，同学们洗耳恭听，收获颇丰。
C. 比赛过程中，他发挥失常，最终名落孙山。
D. 在艰苦的环境中，他们齐心协力，共度难关。
3. 下列句子中，没有语病的一项是（）A. 为了提高同学们的语文素养，老师要求大家平时多读、多写、多思考。
B. 通过这次活动，使同学们更加深刻地认识到团队合作的重要性。
C. 在这条街道上，沿途可以看到许多风格各异的建筑。
D. 老师告诉我们，在学习过程中要善于发现问题、分析问题、解决问题。
……II. 填空题（每题2分，共20分）4. 古诗文名句默写（1）山重水复疑无路，______。
（陆游《游山西村》）（2）不畏浮云遮望眼，______。
（王安石《登飞来峰》）（3）______，思君不见下渝州。
（李白《夜发清溪向三峡》）（4）庭下如积水空明，______。
（苏轼《记承天寺夜游》）（5）______，随君直到夜郎西。
（李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》）……III. 阅读理解（共30分）（一）文言文阅读（共15分）阅读下面的文言文，完成10～15题。
【甲】孙权劝学初，权谓吕蒙曰：“卿今当涂掌事，不可不学！”蒙辞以军中多务。
权曰：“孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪！但当涉猎，见往事耳。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷第一部分: 选择题1.下列选项中，哪个是正确的数学等式? A. 3 + 4 = 8 B.5 x 2 = 12 C. 10 - 9 = 3 D.6 ÷ 3 = 22.以下哪个数字是质数? A. 4 B. 8 C. 15 D. 233.一个矩形的长度是6cm，宽度是4cm。
计算其面积是多少？ A. 18cm² B. 24cm C. 12cm D. 10cm²4.下面哪个选项是大写字母“K”的摩尔斯电码? A. .-. B. -.. C. -.-. D. -.-5.以下哪个国家是世界上面积最大的国家? A. 俄罗斯B. 加拿大C. 美国D. 中国第二部分: 填空题1.我国的国旗共有__5__个金星。
2.人们常说“知识就是__力量__”。
3.在太阳系中，地球是__第三__颗最靠近太阳的行星。
4.一年有__365__天。
5.“三国演义”是__罗贯中__所写的一部古代小说。
第三部分: 解答题1.描述一下电的导体和绝缘体的区别。
答: 导体是那些可以允许电流通过的材料，而绝缘体则是不允许电流通过的材料。
导体通常是金属，它们具有自由电子，可以很容易地传导电流。
绝缘体一般是非金属物质，它们的电子结构使得电流难以通过。
因此，导体可以作为电路中的连接器，而绝缘体可以用来隔离电线，防止电流泄漏。
2.解释一下水的三态。
答: 水可以存在于三种不同的态：固态、液态和气态。
在固态下，水分子紧密排列在一起，并形成具有固定形状和体积的冰晶。
在液态下，水分子仍然紧密排列，但是不再保持固定形状，并且可以流动和改变体积。
在气态下，水分子之间的吸引力很小，它们以高速运动并分散在空气中。
改变水的温度和压力可以使其在不同的态之间转化。
3.解释一下什么是生态系统。
答: 生态系统是由生物群落和与其交互作用的物理环境组成的。
它包括生物、非生物因素以及它们之间的相互作用。
一个生态系统可以是非常小的，如一个水塘，也可以是非常大的，如一个森林。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷高二(空间向量与立体几何)第一次综合测试(数学)+答案解析(附后)
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷高二(空间向量与立体几何)第一次综合测试(数学)一、单选题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分。
在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.直线l ：的倾斜角为A.B.C.D.2.若不重合的直线，的方向向量分别为，，则与的位置关系是( )A. B. C.，相交不垂直D. 不能确定3.若直线与圆O ：交于A ，B 两点，则A.B. 2C.D. 44.在正四棱锥中，已知，，，则A.B.C.D.5.与直线l ：关于y 轴对称的直线的方程为A.B.C.D.6.如图所示，在三棱柱中，底面ABC ，，，点E ，F分别是棱AB ，的中点，则EF 与所成角的大小为A. B. C. D. 7.已知四边形ABCD 为正方形，P 为平面ABCD 外一点，，，二面角的大小为，则点A 到平面PBD 的距离是A. B.C.D. 18.已知点是直线l ：上的动点，过点P 作圆C ：的切线PA ，A为切点，的最小值为2，圆M ：与圆C 外切，且与直线l 相切，则m 的值为A. B. C. 4 D.二、多选题：本题共4小题，共20分。
在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分。
9.已知直线：，直线：，则A. 直线可以与x轴平行B. 直线可以与y轴平行C. 当时，D. 当时，10.以下命题正确的是A. 两个不同平面，的法向量分别为，，则B. 若直线l的方向向量，平面的一个法向量，则C. 已知，，若与垂直，则实数D. 已知A，B，C三点不共线，对于空间任意一点O，若，则P，A，B，C四点共面11.如图，平面ABCD，，，，，，，则A. B. 平面ADEC. 平面BDE与平面BDF的夹角的余弦值为D. 直线CE与平面BDE所成角的正弦值为12.已知圆：，圆：，则.( )A. 若圆与圆无公共点，则B. 当时，两圆公共弦所在直线方程为C. 当时，P、Q分别是圆与圆上的点，则的取值范围为D. 当时，过直线上任意一点分别作圆、圆切线，则切线长相等三、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷政治
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷政治一、单项选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. 社会主义核心价值观的基本内容是什么？A. 富强、民主、文明、和谐B. 自由、平等、公正、法治C. 爱国、敬业、诚信、友善D. 以上都是2. 我国的根本政治制度是什么？A. 人民代表大会制度B. 民族区域自治制度C. 基层群众自治制度D. 多党合作和政治协商制度3. 我国的基本经济制度是什么？A. 社会主义市场经济制度B. 计划经济制度C. 资本主义市场经济制度D. 混合所有制经济制度4. 我国的基本分配制度是什么？A. 按劳分配为主体B. 按资分配为主体C. 按需分配为主体D. 按人头分配为主体5. 我国宪法规定，公民享有的基本权利有哪些？A. 言论自由、宗教信仰自由B. 选举权和被选举权C. 受教育权和劳动权D. 以上都是...（此处省略96-100题）二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 社会主义核心价值观包括哪些方面？A. 国家层面B. 社会层面C. 个人层面D. 家庭层面2. 我国宪法规定的公民的基本义务有哪些？A. 遵守宪法和法律B. 维护国家安全、荣誉和利益C. 参加国防建设D. 依法纳税...（此处省略2-5题）三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）1. 简述我国社会主义市场经济体制的特点。
2. 简述我国政治体制改革的基本原则。
四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. 论述我国社会主义法治国家建设的重要性及其实现途径。
2. 论述我国社会主义核心价值观的内涵及其在当代社会的实践意义。
五、案例分析题（每题25分，共25分）1. 某地区发生了一起环境污染事件，当地政府采取了哪些措施来应对？请结合政治学知识，分析这些措施的合理性及其对当地政治、经济、社会的影响。
注意：以上题目仅为示例，实际单元测试示范卷应根据教学大纲和课程标准来制定，确保覆盖政治学科的核心知识点和能力要求。
金太阳全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学
金太阳全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学（一）一. 选择题1. 下列名词中最接近于“交叉”的是（）A. 并联B. 交替C. 冲突D. 共享2. 已知圆的周长为2πr，则两个相切的圆的半径之和为（）A. 2πrB. 3πrC. 4πrD. 5πr3. 把一个三角形的顶点A滑动到边BC上，则（）A. 三角形ABC变为有边AC的三角形B. 三角形ABC变成直角三角形C. 三角形ABC变为有边AB的三角形D. 三角形ABC变为直角三角形4. 若此学校20个学生中6个男生，则男生比例为（）A. 0.3B. 0.6C. 0.8D. 35. 已知正方形ABCD中，AB=7cm，则正方形的面积为（）A. 14cm²B. 28cm²C. 49cm²D. 98cm²二. 填空题6. 三角形的面积S=_________7. 两个相邻的正多边形的内角和为_________8. 若等差数列{an}的公差d=2，前n项和Sn=40，则该数列的项数为_________9. 圆心角α所对的弧长为_________10. 已知a＞0，b>0，则 ax+by=a+b 的解为（x，y）=_________三. 计算题11. 若根据正弦定理得角C=90°，边a=8，边b=6，求边c的长。
12. 已知等差数列{an}的前100项和为S100，求数列的公差d。
13. 若（x+1）^2+（y+2）^2=7，求x+y的值。
14. 若两个圆的半径分别是4cm和6cm，求它们的外切圆的半径。
15. 已知x＞0，y＞0，求解方程 ax+by=ab 的解（x，y）。
答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.1/2∣AB⊥CD∣ 7。
卷行天下全国100所名校单元测试示范卷英语
卷行天下全国100所名校单元测试示范卷英语全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1A Day at the National Spelling BeeHi there! My name is Emma and I'm 10 years old. I just got back from the most exciting trip - the National Spelling Bee competition in Washington D.C.! Let me tell you all about my amazing adventure.It all started a few months ago at my school spelling bee. I was super nervous, but also really prepared after studying words for hours and hours. When it was my turn, the judge said "Delectable" and I slowly spelled it out "D-E-L-E-C-T-A-B-L-E. Delectable." The audience cheered and I had won the school competition!My parents were so proud and gave me a huge hug. Little did I know, this was just the beginning. The next step was the county spelling bee with kids from all over. I made it through round after round, spelling words like "Bourgeois" and "Rendezvous" without breaking a sweat. Finally, after what feltlike forever, I heard the judge say "Congratulations Emma, you're headed to the national finals in Washington D.C.!"The day before the big event, my family and I explored the National Mall and saw amazing sights like the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument. Everywhere I looked there were schools and groups preparing for the competition. I felt nervous but also determined.When the day arrived, we walked into the huge convention center where the spelling bee was being held. The stage looked tiny compared to the thousands of seats packed with spectators. Cameras were everywhere! After a brief practice round, the real contest began.One by one, kids around my age took the stage and spelled incredibly difficult words from all kinds of languages. The judges never went easy on us. Some words I remember were "Eczema", "Zealous", and "Memento". Whenever someone misspelled a word, a loud bell would ring and they had to walk off stage. With each round, more and more spellers got eliminated until only a few of us were left.It was finally my turn to take the stage. The bright lights shone in my eyes and I could hear my heartbeat pounding in my ears. "Your word is...Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" the judgeannounced. I thought carefully, saying each part of the massive word over and over in my mind. Then with a deep breath, I began "S-U-P-E-R-C-A-L-I-F-R-A...". No bell rang, and I kept going all the way until the very end. The audience erupted in cheers!A few more rounds went by and I just kept nailing every word thrown my way. "Anemone. Moccasin. Hierarchy." You name it, I spelled it right. It came down to just me and one other contestant. We went back and forth, seemingly unable to misspell anything.Then, the moment of truth. "Emma, your wordis...Rhathymia." It was a doozy, and not one I had studied before.I repeated it over and over, sounding it out in my head. I realized it must be related to the word "rhythm", and that gave me a clue about the opening sound. Finally, I gave it my best shot"R-H-Y-T-H-M-I-A. Rhathymia."An eternal pause followed, and then..."That is correct! Emma from Michigan is this year's National Spelling Bee champion!"I let out a huge cheer and jumped up and down with excitement. My parents ran on stage to hug me and I had finally achieved my dream. All those late nights of studying weird words had really paid off. To celebrate, we went to the fanciestrestaurant I've ever been to and I got to order one of every dessert on the menu. Delectable indeed!That's my story of how an ordinary 10-year-old like me became a spelling champion. If you work hard and never give up, amazing things can happen. I'll never forget this experience and I can't wait to go back and defend my title next year. Thanks for reading, and be sure to spell C-H-E-C-K-I-T-O-U-T if you want to see more of my adventures!篇2National 100 Top Schools Unit Test Sample - EnglishHi there! My name is Lily and I'm a 5th grader. Today I'm going to share with you the English unit test we just took at my school. It was pretty tough but I'll do my best to explain everything. Let's get started!Reading ComprehensionThe first section was reading comprehension. We had to read three different passages and answer multiple choice questions about them.The first passage was about a brother and sister who went camping with their dad in the mountains. They saw lots of coolanimals like deer, rabbits, and even a bear! The bear scared them at first but it just walked away without bothering them. Some of the questions asked what animals they saw, where they went camping, and why they got scared.The second passage described a science experiment where you make a baking soda and vinegar volcano. I've actually done that one before - it's really neat how the baking soda and vinegar react to create an eruption! The questions were about the materials needed, the steps to follow, and what happens during the chemical reaction.The last reading passage talked about a girl named Amy who joined her school's soccer team. At first she wasn't very good and got upset, but with practice she improved a lot. By the end of the season, she scored the winning goal in the championship game! Those questions covered the main events, Amy's different feelings throughout the story, and what the moral or lesson was.WritingNext up was the writing section. We had two tasks for this part.For the first one, we had to read a short story about a boy who forgot his lunch at home. We had to summarize the keypoints of the story in 4-5 sentences. I tried to cover the main character, what happened, the problem he faced, and how it was resolved at the end.The second writing task was an opinion essay. The prompt asked us whether we think kids should have to wear school uniforms or not. We had to give our opinion, explain our reasons, and provide examples to support our view. I think school uniforms are a good idea because they are cheaper than having to buy a whole wardrobe of different outfits. Uniforms also prevent kids from being bullied over the clothes they wear and help everyone feel equal. However, I can see why some kids might not like having to wear the same thing every day.GrammarFor the grammar section, we had to read sentences with blank spaces and choose the correct word to fill in the blank from multiple choices. These covered things like verb tenses, subject-verb agreement, pronouns, and more.One question was: "They ______ going to the movies later." The answer choices were is, am, was, were, and are. Since "they" is plural, the correct answer is "are."Another one said: "Mom bought ____ a new backpack." With answer choices me, I, mine, my. The correct one is "me" since it's the object of the sentence.There were probably around 15 questions total testing different grammar rules and concepts we've learned.VocabularyThe vocabulary part had us match words to their definitions, fill in missing letters to spell a word, and answer some basic meaning questions.For the matching part, we had to draw a line connecting each word to its meaning. Some of the words were "mischievous" (causing trouble in a playful way), "enormous" (extremely large), and "curious" (eager to learn).Then we had to fill in missing letters for partially spelled words like "fr_end" (friend), "oc_an" (ocean), and "c_mbine" (combine).Lastly, there were simple questions like "Which word means the opposite of 'ancient'?" The choices were "new, modern, recent, and latest." I picked modern since it's the opposite of very old.ListeningThe listening part was pretty hard! We had to listen carefully to some recordings and answer comprehension questions on what we heard.One recording was about two friends making plans to go to the park that weekend. It covered where they were going, what day and time, why they picked that place, and what activities they wanted to do there.Another one was giving instructions for how to make paper airplanes. It listed off the materials needed like paper, scissors, etc. and then described the step-by-step process for folding the airplane. Man, those audioinstructions were tough to follow just by listening!The last recording I remember was a short story about a girl who got lost at the mall and how she was finally reunited with her mom. We had to answer what happened, how she felt at different points, and how the situation was resolved.SpeakingThe very last section tested our speaking skills with some role-play scenarios and open-ended questions.For one role-play, I had to pretend I was talking to my friend and convincing them to join the school basketball team. I tried toexplain why it's a fun sport, how being on a team helps you make friends, and that you can learn skills like teamwork.Another scenario had me as a restaurant server taking someone's food order. I had to greet them politely, ask how I could help them, repeat their order back to confirm, and thank them.Then there were just some general open-ended opinion questions like, "What is your favorite holiday and why?" For that one, I said my favorite is Christmas because I love decorating the tree, eating special foods, and getting presents!Phew, that's finally the whole test! It covered so many different English skills like reading, writing, grammar, vocabulary, listening, and speaking. Parts of it were pretty challenging but I tried my best. Hopefully this helped give you an idea of what it's like. Let me know if you have any other questions!篇3My Big English Test Adventure!Wow, today was a really big day! We had our huge English test that's given to kids all across the country. I was prettynervous, but I studied really hard with my mom and dad. They helped me learn all the vocabulary words and grammar rules.The test was super long with reading, writing, listening, and speaking sections. I'm going to tell you all about my wild adventure taking this important test!Reading TimeFirst up was the reading part. I had to read a few different passages and answer questions about them. One story was about a brave knight who defeated a dragon to rescue a princess. It was so exciting! The knight used his sword and Shield to battle the ferocious dragon. There were some tricky words like "valiant" and "slay" that I had to figure out from the context clues.Another passage was about the rainforest and all the cool animals that live there. I learned about sloths, toucans, jaguars, and poisonous frogs. The reading was interesting but a bit hard because it used more advanced vocabulary. I had to concentrate really hard.After reading each passage, I answered multiple choice questions to show I understood the main ideas, vocabulary words, and details. Phew, that reading section really made my brain tired!The Writing ChallengeNext, we had to write an essay about our favorite books. I chose to write about the Harry Potter series because those books are so much fun to read. I made sure to write a topic sentence, supporting details in the body paragraphs, and a conclusion restating my main idea.It was hard to organize all my thoughts, but I tried my best to use correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Writing neatly was important too so the graders could read my awesome essay!Listening CloselyAfter the writing part, we moved on to the listening section. This was challenging because I had to listen really carefully to conversations and stories through headphones. The first conversation was between two friends making plans to go to the park. I had to identify details like the day, time, and location based on what they said.Then I listened to a story about a summer camp adventure. There were questions about the sequence of events, the characters, and the moral or lesson of the story. With listening, you can't daydream at all or you'll miss important information!My Talking TimeThe very last part was the speaking section. This made me the most nervous, but it actually went pretty well. I had to describe a fun experience I had, using clear pronunciation and lots of details. I talked about the time I went camping with my family and saw a shooting star!Then I had a pretend conversation with the test grader. He acted as a waiter and I was the customer ordering delicious diner food like pancakes, bacon, and orange juice. I tried to speak slowly and clearly, using polite phrases like "May I please have..." and "Thank you!"What an Adventure!Well, that's my story about taking the big national English test. It was an exciting adventure filled with readings, writings, listenings, and speakings galore!Even though parts were difficult, I felt prepared from all my studying. As long as I gave it my best effort, that's what counts.Now I get to enjoy a nice, relaxing summer vacation before starting a new grade next year. Maybe I'll even read some fun books...in English of course! Bring on the next English challenge!篇4My Big Test AdventureHi there! My name is Lily and I'm a 5th grader at Springdale Elementary. I just had the craziest experience that I can't wait to tell you all about!A few weeks ago, my teacher Mrs. Taylor told the class that some of us would be chosen to take a really important test. She said it was called the National Sample Test for the Top 100 Schools. Only the smartest kids from each grade would be picked to take it. I was super nervous but also really excited at the chance to represent my school.Sure enough, a few days later Mrs. Taylor announced that I was one of the students selected! I couldn't believe it at first. Little old me taking a national test? I was equal parts thrilled and scared out of my mind.Mrs. Taylor said the test would have reading, writing, math, and even science sections. It was going to be really hard but she said she knew I could do it if I studied my tail off. So that's exactly what I did!Every night for weeks, I hit the books for hours after school. My parents quizzed me on math facts and vocabulary words until I thought my brain would explode. I practically lived at the library, reading any books I could get my hands on about science topics like electricity and photosynthesis. I even started drinking coffee like a grown-up to help me stay awake and focus!Finally, the big day arrived. A bus pulled up to the school super early in the morning to take all of us test-takers to the exam site. My stomach was doing somersaults the whole ride. When we finally arrived, I couldn't believe my eyes! The building was HUGE, with fancy glass walls and a massive banner that said "Welcome National Test Takers!"After getting our test booklets and sharpened pencils, it was time to head inside. The room where we took the test was bigger than a gym, with row after row of desks as far as the eye could see. I felt so small!The nice test proctor told us to find our assigned desks and get started as soon as the clock struck 8 am. Those few minutes of waiting were the longest of my life. When 8 o'clock finally rolled around, you could have heard a pin drop in that massive room. Everyone started scribbling away furiously.I zoned in and tried my absolute best on every single question. Some of them were pretty tricky, but I applied all of the strategies Mrs. Taylor taught us for breaking down the problems. Before I knew it, a few hours had flown by and it was time for a snack break.When we headed back in, there were even more sections waiting for us - writing samples, reading comprehension, you name it. My hand was starting to cramp up but I didn't let that stop me from plugging away.At long last, the final test booklet was turned in. I couldn't believe I'd made it through the whole thing! As we walked back to the bus, my brain felt like a big mushy mess. I honestly didn't know whether I'd done well or bombed it completely.A couple of months went by before the results finally came back to our school. Mrs. Taylor gathered our class on the rug to go over them with us. One by one, she announced each person's scores and percentiles. I was practically biting my nails off, I was such a bundle of nerves!And then, she got to my name...and said I scored in the 99th percentile! Out of every test taker in the entire state, I was in the top 1 percent. I couldn't believe it! All those late nights ofstudying had really paid off. Mrs. Taylor gave me a big hug and told me how proud she was. My parents were just beaming.Even though it was crazy stressful, taking that huge test ended up being one of the coolest experiences ever. I'll never forget the feeling of accomplishment, and how hard work really does pay off in the end. Who knows, maybe I'll be a test-taking champion again someday! But for now, I'm just proud I represented my school and gave it my all.篇5National 100 Top Schools Unit Test Sample Paper for EnglishHey there, friends! It's me, your buddy Tommy, and today I'm going to share with you my experience with the National 100 Top Schools Unit Test for English. It was a pretty big deal, let me tell you!First off, let me explain what this test is all about. You see, every year, the best schools in the country come together and create a special exam called the National 100 Top Schools Unit Test. It's like a big competition, but instead of running or playing sports, we have to show off our skills in different subjects like math, science, and of course, English!Now, English is one of my favorite subjects, so I was really excited when our teacher announced that we would be taking part in the test this year. We had been studying hard all semester, learning new vocabulary words, practicing our grammar, and even reading some really cool stories from around the world.When the day of the test finally arrived, I could feel the butterflies in my stomach. I tried to stay calm by taking deep breaths and reminding myself that I had prepared well. Our teacher gave us some last-minute tips and encouragement before we headed into the exam room.The first part of the test was all about listening comprehension. We had to listen to a recorded passage and answer questions about what we heard. I remember it was a story about a little girl who loved to explore the forest near her home. Even though the passage was a bit tricky, I tried my best to focus and catch all the important details.Next up was the reading section. We had to read a few short passages and answer questions about the main ideas, characters, and vocabulary used. One of the passages was about a boy who loved to bake with his grandmother, and another was about a group of friends who went on an exciting camping trip. I reallyenjoyed reading these stories and using my comprehension skills to answer the questions.After the reading section, we moved on to grammar and vocabulary. This part was a bit more challenging, but thanks to all the practice we had done in class, I felt confident in my abilities. We had to identify parts of speech, correct grammar mistakes, and match vocabulary words with their definitions.Finally, we reached the writing section. This was my favorite part because I love to let my imagination run wild and create stories of my own. The prompt asked us to write about our dream vacation, and I couldn't wait to put pen to paper (or fingers to keyboard, in this case).I wrote about a fantastic adventure where I explored ancient ruins, swam in crystal-clear waters, and even saw a real-life volcano up close! I tried to use all the descriptive language and writing techniques we had learned in class to make my story come alive.When the test was over, I felt a sense of relief and accomplishment. Even though it was challenging, I had given it my all and done my best. Our teacher congratulated us on our hard work and reminded us that the most important thing was to learn and grow from the experience.A few weeks later, the results came in, and I was thrilled to find out that I had scored really well on the test! Not only that, but our entire class had performed exceptionally, and our school was ranked among the top schools in the country for English proficiency.I felt so proud of myself and my classmates for all the effort we had put in. It just goes to show that with dedication, hard work, and a love for learning, anything is possible!So, there you have it, friends – my experience with the National 100 Top Schools Unit Test for English. It was an exciting and rewarding journey, and I learned so much along the way. Who knows, maybe one day you'll get the chance to take this test too! Just remember to study hard, believe in yourself, and never stop exploring the wonderful world of language and literature.Until next time, keep reading, keep writing, and keep dreaming big!Your pal,Tommy篇6National Top 100 Schools Unit Test Sample EnglishHi everyone! My name is Emma and I'm a 5th grader. Today I want to tell you all about the big English test I just took. It was a sample unit test from one of the top 100 schools in the country! My teacher gave it to our whole class to try. She said it would get us ready for the real unit tests coming up. I was a little nervous at first, but it ended up being really fun!The test had four sections - listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The listening part was first. We had to listen to some recordings and answer multiple choice questions about what we heard. There were conversations between students, announcements over the school PA system, and even a short story! I got a little mixed up on one of the conversations because the people were talking kind of fast. But overall I think I did pretty well on that section.Next was the reading part. We had to read three different passages and answer questions about each one. The first passage was just a few paragraphs about polar bears. I already knew a lot about polar bears from our science unit, so that one was easy peasy. The second one was a short story that we had to put the events in order. That took some thinking, but I figured it out. The last reading passage was the hardest - it was a bunch offacts about ancient Egypt! I didn't know much about that topic, so I had to read really carefully to get the right answers.After the reading came the writing section. We had to write a letter to a pen pal introducing ourselves and our family. The instructions said to include lots of details and use complete sentences. I tried my best to check my spelling and grammar. Writing is one of my strengths, so I'm hoping I did a good job on that part. We'll have to wait and see when we get our test scores back!The very last part was the speaking section. For this, we had to go one-by-one to the front of the class. The teacher gave each of us a picture, and we had one minute to describe everything we saw in the picture. My picture showed a busy city street with cars, people, stores, and a park in the background. I made sure to use lots of descriptive words like "crowded," "tall buildings," and "green trees." Speaking English out loud is hard, but I practiced a lot so I think I spoke clearly.Phew, that test。
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学
全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学# 全国100所名校单元测试示范卷数学第一部分：选择题（每题3分，共30分）1. 下列哪个数是无理数？- A. 3.14- B. π- C. √2- D. 0.33333...2. 已知函数f(x) = 2x^2 - 3x + 1，求f(-1)的值。
- A. 6- B. 4- C. 2- D. 03. 一个圆的半径为5，求其面积。
- A. 25π- B. 50π- C. 75π- D. 100π4. 一个直角三角形的两条直角边分别为3和4，求斜边的长度。
- A. 5- B. 6- C. 7- D. 85. 已知等差数列的首项为2，公差为3，求第5项的值。
- A. 17- B. 14- C. 11- D. 106. 一个长方体的长、宽、高分别为2、3和4，求其体积。
- A. 24- B. 36- C. 48- D. 527. 函数y = x^3 - 2x^2 + x - 2的导数是？- A. 3x^2 - 4x + 1- B. 3x^2 - 4x + 2- C. 3x^2 - 4x + 3- D. 3x^2 - 4x + 48. 一个正六边形的内角和是多少？- A. 540°- B. 720°- C. 900°- D. 1080°9. 已知集合A = {1, 2, 3}，B = {2, 3, 4}，求A∩B。
- A. {1}- B. {2, 3}- C. {3, 4}- D. {1, 2, 3}10. 一个抛物线y = -2x^2 + 4x + 3的顶点坐标是什么？- A. (1, 5)- B. (2, 5)- C. (1, 3)- D. (2, 3)第二部分：填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 一个数的平方根是4，这个数是______。
12. 将分数3/4转换为小数是______。
13. 一个正弦函数sin(x)的周期是______。
全国100所名校单元测试卷数学
全国100所名校单元测试卷数学全国100名校单元测试全国100所名校单元测试示范卷篇一:全国100所名校单元测试卷数学全国100所名校单元测试示范卷（十一）1-5 AADBB 6-10 BBCBD 11-16 BADCCB17(1)C (2)H+Cl=2HCl; 22Cl2+2NaOH=NaCl+NaClO+H2O(3)2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2=CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+ 2H2O18(1)Cl;KSCN;BaSO24(2)2Fe+3Cl 2FeCl3Cl2+Na2SO3+H2O=2HCl+Na2SO4(3)取少许C溶液于试管中，再向试管中滴加用HNO3酸化的AgNO3溶液，若有白色沉淀产生，则含有Cl- 19(1)C (2)①Cl2;Fe3+ ②取适量溶液与大试管中，加入适量的CCl4,充分振荡后静置分层。
若下层溶液仍为黄色，则丙同学的观点正确；若下层溶液为无色，则错误20（1）SiO2;CaSiO3Si+2CO↑(3)2CO2+SiO32-+2H2O=H2SiO3(胶体) +2HCO3- 【或CO2+SiO32-+H2O=H2SiO3（胶体)+CO32-】21【方案一】（1）烧杯，漏斗，玻璃棒（2）洗涤；偏低（3）SiO2+2NaOH=Na2SiO3+H2O【方案二】（1）A接E,D接F（2）饱和碳酸氢钠溶液（3）V/224a 22(1) I-Fe2+Br-(2)Cl2+2Fe2+=2Cl-Cl2+2I-+2Fe3+, =I+2Cl- 2(3)6 (4)c(Fe2+):c(I-):c(Br-)=2:1:3若恒力方向与速度方向不在同一条直线上，开始时恒力方向与速度方向小于90o，则质点做匀加速曲线运动，速度一直增加。
如果开始时恒力方向与速度方向大于90o，则质点匀减速曲线运动，动能减小，当速度方向与恒力方向垂直时速度最小，接着匀加速曲线运动，速度、动能减小。
100所名校单元测试卷篇二:全国100所名校单元测试卷数学全国100所名絞单元测试示+卷■高三■池理卷(一) 教学札记地球与地图(90分钟100分）第I卷（选择题共44分）一、选择题(本大题共22小题，每小题2分，共44分。
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全国100所名校单元测试示范卷·高三·物理卷(四)第四单元力与运动综合（教师用卷）(90分钟100分)第Ⅰ卷(选择题共40分)选择题部分共10小题。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,1~6小题只有一个选项正确,7~10小题有多个选项正确;全部选对的得4分,选不全的得2分,有选错或不答的得0分。
1.放在水平面上的物体在10 N的水平拉力的作用下做匀速直线运动,当撤去这个拉力后,物体将A.匀速运动B.立即停止运动C.产生加速度,做匀减速运动D.产生加速度,做匀加速运动解析:物体在10 N的水平拉力作用下匀速运动,可知物体受10 N的滑动摩擦力,撤去拉力后,物体在摩擦力的作用下做匀减速运动,选项C正确。
答案:C2.如图甲所示,壁虎在竖直墙面上斜向上匀速爬行,关于它在此平面内的受力分析,图乙中所示正确的是甲乙解析:壁虎匀速爬行,其所受的合力为零,可见仅选项A正确。
答案:A3.某物体沿直线运动的速度-时间图象如图所示,从图象可以看出下列选项中正确的是A.物体在做单向直线运动B.物体的加速度大小始终不变C.第3 s末时物体的加速度为零D.前6 s内物体的位移为零解析:物体的速度有正有负,物体做往复运动,选项A错误;0~2 s内速度图线的斜率大小与2 s~4 s内的不同,即加速度大小不同,选项B错误;由图可见3 s末时物体的加速度不为零,选项C错误;0~3 s与4 s~6 s 两段时间内物体的位移的大小相等、方向相反,合位移为零,选项D正确。
答案:D甲4.如图甲所示,用绳子将一质量为m的匀质球悬挂在光滑的竖直墙壁上,已知绳子的长度与球的半径相等。
静止时绳子的拉力大小为F T,墙面对球的支持力大小为F N,则下列关系式中正确的是A.F T=mgB.F T=mg乙C.F N=mgD.F N=2mg解析:球受F T、F N、mg三个力的作用而平衡,受力图如图乙所示,F T与竖直方向成30°角,故有F T==,F N==,选项B正确。
答案:B5.升降机的地板上放一质量为m的木箱,当它对地板的压力为0.8mg时,它可能是A.加速上升B.减速上升C.减速下降D.匀速下降解析:木箱对地板的压力为0.8mg时,木箱处于失重状态,其对应的运动状态为加速下降或减速上升,选项B正确。
答案:B6.如图所示,物块M通过与斜面平行的细绳与小物块m相连,斜面的倾角θ可以改变,关于物块M对斜面的摩擦力的大小,下列说法正确的是A.若物块M保持静止,则θ角越大,摩擦力越大B.若物块M保持静止,则θ角越大,摩擦力越小C.若物块M沿斜面下滑,则θ角越大,摩擦力越大D.若物块M沿斜面下滑,则θ角越大,摩擦力越小解析:物块M静止时,由于不知M与m质量的大小关系,摩擦力的大小与θ的大小的关系也就无法判定;物块下滑时,M受的是滑动摩擦力,其大小为μMg cos θ,故θ越大,摩擦力越小,选项D正确。
答案:D7.伽利略开创了实验研究和逻辑推理相结合的探索自然规律的科学方法,利用这种方法伽利略发现的规律有A.力不是维持物体运动的原因B.物体之间普遍存在相互吸引力C.忽略空气阻力,重物与轻物下落得同样快D.物体间的相互作用力总是大小相等,方向相反的解析:伽利略利用理想斜面实验说明了物体在没有力的作用时,将永远运动下去,选项A正确;同样,伽利略利用理想实验的方法说明了没有空气阻力时,轻重物体下落得一样快,选项C正确;万有引力定律、作用力与反作用力的关系是牛顿发现的,选项B、D错。
答案:AC甲8.如图甲所示,放在水平地面上的物体A,在斜向上的拉力F的作用下向右做匀速运动,下列说法中正确的有A.物体A可能只受到三个力的作用B.物体A一定受到了四个力的作用乙C.物体A受到的滑动摩擦力的大小为F cos θD.物体A对水平地面的压力的大小为F sin θ解析:物体受拉力F、重力G、地面的支持力F N、摩擦力F f四个力的作用而平衡,受力情况如图乙所示,由图可知F f=F cos θ,F N=G-F sin θ,故选项B、C正确、A、D错误。
答案:BC甲9.如图甲所示,斜面A和物块B静置在水平地面上,某时刻起,对B施加一个沿斜面向上的拉力F,力F从零开始随时间均匀增大,在这一过程中,A、B始终保持静止。
则地面对A的A.支持力保持不变B.支持力均匀减小C.摩擦力均匀增大乙D.摩擦力保持不变解析:把A、B看作一个整体,整体受拉力F、总重力G、地面的支持力F N、摩擦力F f四个力的作用而平衡,受力图如图乙所示,由图可知F f=F cos θ,F N=G-F sin θ,故F增大时,F f增大而F N减小,选项B、C正确A、D错误。
答案:BC10.如图甲所示,A、B两物体叠放在光滑的水平面上,对物体B施加一水平变力F,其F-t关系如图乙所示,两物体在变力F的作用下由静止开始运动且始终保持相对静止,则A.在t0时刻,两物体之间的摩擦力最大B.在t0时刻,两物体的速度方向要改变C.在t0~2t0时间内,两物体之间的摩擦力逐渐增大D.物体A所受的摩擦力方向始终与变力F的方向相同解析:把A、B看成一个整体,有F=(m A+m B)a,对物体A,有F f=m A a,解得F f=,可见物体A所受的摩擦力大小与F 成正比,方向与F的方向相同,选项A错误、C、D正确;在0~t0时间内,两物体一直加速运动,到t0时速度达最大值,此后做减速运动,选项B错误。
答案:CD第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共60分)非选择题部分共6小题,把答案填在题中的横线上或按题目要求作答。
解答题应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤,只写出最后答案的不能得分。
有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
11.(6分)方芳同学在家中用三根相同的橡皮筋(遵循胡克定律)来探究求合力的方法,如图所示,三根橡皮筋在O点相互连接,拉长后三个端点用图钉固定在A、B、C三点。
在实验中,可以通过刻度尺测量橡皮筋的长度来得到橡皮筋的拉力大小,并通过OA、OB、OC的方向确定三个拉力的方向,从而探究求其中任意两个拉力的合力的方法。
在实验过程中,下列说法正确的有。
A.实验需要测量橡皮筋的长度以及橡皮筋的原长B.为减小误差,应选择劲度系数尽量大的橡皮筋C.以OB、OC为两邻边做平行四边形,其对角线必与OA在一条直线上且长度相等解析:实验中要测橡皮筋的伸长量,该伸长量等于橡皮筋的长度减去橡皮筋的原长,故选项A正确;橡皮筋的劲度系数太大,实验时其伸长量太小,不利于减小实验误差,选项B错误;与弹力成正比的是橡皮筋的伸长量,而不是橡皮筋的长度,选项C错误。
答案:A(6分)甲12.(9分)林玲同学利用图甲所示的装置探究加速度与力、质量的关系。
(1)下列做法正确的是。
(填字母代号)A.调节滑轮的高度,使牵引木块的细绳与长木板保持平行B.在调节木板的倾斜度来平衡木块所受的摩擦力时,将装有砝码的砝码桶通过定滑轮拴在木块上C.实验时,先放开木块再接通打点计时器的电源D.通过增减木块上的砝码改变质量时,不需要重新调节木板的倾斜度(2)为使砝码桶及桶内砝码的总重力在数值上近似等于木块运动时受到的拉力,应满足的条件是砝码桶及桶内砝码的总质量木块和木块上砝码的总质量。
(填“远大于”“远小于”或“近似等于”)乙(3)林玲、洪红两同学在同一实验室,各取一套图甲所示的装置放在水平桌面上,木块上均不放砝码,在没有平衡摩擦力的情况下,研究加速度a与拉力F的关系,分别得到如图乙中Ⅰ、Ⅱ两条直线。
设两同学用的木块质量分别为mⅠ、mⅡ,用的木块与木板间的动摩擦因数分别为μⅠ、μⅡ,则由图可知,mⅠmⅡ,μⅠμⅡ。
(填“大于”“小于”或“等于”) 解析:(1)实验时,要保证牵引木块的细线与长木板平行,即拉力方向与长木板平行,选项A正确;平衡摩擦力时,让木块的重力沿斜面的分力与摩擦力平衡。
不能悬挂砝码桶,选项B错误;实验时,应先接通打点计时器的电源,再释放木块,选项C错误;整个实验过程只需平衡一次摩擦力即可,选项D正确。
(2)当砝码桶及桶内砝码的总质量远小于木块及木块上砝码的总质量时,才能近似认为木块运动时受到的拉力等于砝码桶及桶内砝码的总重力。
(3)由图线可知,增大同样的F,Ⅰ的加速度改变较大,说明甲的质量较小;当F=0时,a=-μg,Ⅰ与纵轴的交点离原点O远一些,也即μg的值大一些,故μⅠ大一些。
答案:(1)AD(3分)(2)远小于(2分)(3)小于大于(每空2分)甲13.(10分)为了缓解紧张的学习和生活带来的压力,感受久违的童真、童趣,育才中学组织了一次放风筝比赛活动。
只要手上牵着线拉着风筝迎风向前跑,就可以将风筝放飞到高处。
某同学将一只重为4 N的风筝放飞到空中后,拉着线的下端以一定的速度匀速跑动时,线恰能与水平面成53°角保持不变,如图甲所示,这时该同学拉线的力为5 N。
求风对风筝的作用力大小和风力的方向与水平方向所成角的正切值。
解:风筝受到重力G、风力F风和拉力F三个力的作用,受力图如图乙所示,由平衡条件知:乙F风x=F cos 53°=5×0.6 N=3 N(3分)F风y=F sin 53°+G=5×0.8 N+4 N=8 N(3分)F风== N= N=8.54 N(2分)设风力的方向与水平方向成θ角,则:tan θ==。
(2分)14.(10分)在滑雪运动中,滑雪板与雪地之间的相互作用与滑动速度有关,当滑雪者的速度超过4 m/s时,滑雪板与雪地间的动摩擦因数就会由μ1=0.25变为μ2=0.125。
一滑雪者(可视为质点)从倾角θ=37°的坡顶A处由静止开始自由下滑,滑至坡底B(B处为一光滑小圆弧)后又滑上一段水平雪地,最后停在C处,如图所示。
不计空气阻力,坡长L=26 m,取g=10 m/s2,sin 37°=0.6,cos 37°=0.8,求:(1)滑雪者从静止开始到第一次动摩擦因数发生变化所经历的时间。
(2)滑雪者到达B处的速度大小。
解:(1)在AB段速度小于4 m/s时,a1=g sin 37°-μ1g cos 37°=4 m/s2(2分)则t1==1 s。
(2分)(2)s1=a1=×4×12 m=2 m(2分)速度大于4 m/s时,a2=g sin 37°-μ2g cos 37°=5 m/s2(2分)s2=L-s1=26 m-2 m=24 m(1分)v B==16 m/s。
(1分)15.(12分)质量为m的飞机静止在水平直跑道上。
飞机起飞过程可分为两个匀加速运动阶段,其中第一阶段飞机的加速度为a1,运动时间为t1。
当第二阶段结束时,飞机刚好达到规定的起飞速度v0。