名词代词数词

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Differences 1.objects: animate objects------------------genitive inanimate, lifeless objects------of-phrase e.g. 玛丽的T恤 Mary’s T-shirt 理发师的新店 the barber’s new shop 汽车的颜色 the color of the car 计划的重要性 the importance of the plan
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归纳拓展
for oneself强调独自做某事，无人帮忙。 by oneself独自地(alone)指单独一个人，无人做 伴 in oneself本来，本身 of oneself自动地，自发地 The old man lives by himself in a lonely village． ． The door opened of itself． ． He is clever in himself． ．
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Notice：while refering to people(animate ：
objects), of-phrase can be used with the full names. The new job of Bush The new job of Gorge W. Bush
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Notice: 无生命名词用's属格的情况 1.表示时间：today's newspaper, a day's journey. 2. 表示事物类别，属性 men’s clothes p92 2.表示自然现象： the moon's rays(月光)，the tree's branch(树枝)。 3.表示国家、城市等实体： the city's parks China's industrialization(中国的工业化) 4.表示距离、价格、重量等： ten minutes' walk,a stone's throw(一箭之 遥) 5.表示拟人：the world‘s population。 28 6. 固定表达：
1 such 作主语,宾语,表语 Such is human nature that a great many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of working in an office. His remarks were __ annoy everybody at the meeting. a so as to b such as to c such to d as much as to
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三 反身代词
单数 第一人称 第二人称 第三Baidu Nhomakorabea称 myself yourself himself, herself, itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
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考点
1 常见反身代词短语 ￥beside oneself 发狂,情不自禁 beside oneself= out of control I stood there beside myself, thinking hard about the weather ￥by oneself 单独地,独自地 ￥for oneself 独立地，亲自地
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1 …-thing, …-body, …-one +else’s The pen is someone else’s. 2 陈述部分主语是不定代词 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，反意疑问部 等 分常用复数they，有时也用单数 。 分常用复数 ，有时也用单数he。 Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?) Everyone fastened their seat belts. Everyone enjoyed themselves/himself??? Nobody phoned while I was out ,__? A. didn’t they B. didn’t he C. did they D. did there
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考点
3 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词 everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主 语用it。 Everything is ready, isn't it? 4 each所指对象的范围是限定的,表示若干个 所指对象的范围是限定的, 所指对象的范围是限定的 固定数目中的一个, 没有这样的限制, 固定数目中的一个, every没有这样的限制, 没有这样的限制 泛指任何一个. 泛指任何一个. 5 other另外的人或物 ; others复数 另外的人 复数:另外的人 另外的人或物 复数 或物
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八 名词所有格 考点
1 必须使用’s的场合 Applicant situations: a)名词中心词已在上下文出现过： Her memory is like an elephant’s. Mary’s is the largest house.
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b) 被省略的名词中心词表示某人的家或住宅 I am going to have hot pot at the Johnsons’. The girls’ is on the west side of the Dining hall. c) 被省略的名词中心词表示教堂、学校等公共场 所 Joe lives near St. Paul’s in London. He was educated at Merchant Taylor’s. d) 被省略的中心词表示店铺，公司等 Pickled vegetables are available at the grocer’s. Chinese toys are sold both at Smith’s and at Brown’s.
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七 名词 考点
5 有些表示学科的名词词尾是复数形式 但作 有些表示学科的名词词尾是复数形式, 单数处理, 单数处理 如:mathematics, economics, statistics, linguistics. 但不表示学科时,作 但不表示学科时 作 复数对待. 复数对待 The statistics __ that living standards in the area have improved drastically in recent times. (2006.62) a proves b is proving c are proving d prove
代词,名词及数 代词 名词及数 词
一人称代词
单数 主格 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 I you he she it 宾格 me you him her it
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复数 主格 we you they 宾格 us you them
考点
连续使用两个以上人称代词时,顺序为: 第二人称+第三人称+第一人称 You, Jim and I you and he/him My friend and I Henry and I
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七 名词 考点 2 表示时间、距离、金额、面积、重量、 体积、容积等度量衡的名词做主语时， 谓语用单数。 3 有些集体名词形式上是单数,但谓语动词 要用复数,如: people, police, cattle, mankind, clergy. 4 man, woman + 名词,构成的复合词中,两 个都变复数,如: women writers.
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四 疑问代词
Who, whom, whose, what, which
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考点
1 who/what/which + ever 加强语气 Who are you looking for? Whoever are you looking for? What do you mean? Whatever do you mean?
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Everyone=everybody=all people 只能指人，意在所有的人 Everyone=each person or thing 即可指人又可指物，强调个体。 Everyone 后面不可以跟of短语，而every one 可以 适用于anyone, any one,someone,some one
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二 物主代词
单数 第一 人称 my mine 单数 第二 人称 your 单数 复数 复数 第二 人称 your 复数 第三 人称 their
形容词 性 名词性
第三人 第一 称 人称 His, her, our its
yours His, ours hers, its
yours theirs
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考点
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‘s vs. of-phrase
commonality： the trunk of an elephant = an elephant’s trunk the foreign policy of China = China’s foreign policy 名词表示地理专有名词或地方、机构名称时，可 通用
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七 名词 考点
1 the+形容词 表示一类人时谓语用复数 形容词 表示一类人时谓语用复数, 如:the rich, the poor; 表示不可数的事物或 抽象概念时用单数,如 抽象概念时用单数 如: the good, the ugly, the unknown等. 等 In that country, the rich ______ richer, the poor, poorer. a. become b. has become c. becomes d. is becoming
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考点
2 what vs. which what的提问范围没有限制, 强调内容:是什么. Which指的是在一定范围内的选择,强调选 择:是哪个. 3 who与which的区别同上.
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五 指示代词
This, that, these, those, such, the same, it
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考点
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六 不定代词
Some, somebody, someone, something, any, anybody, anyone, anything, no, nobody, no one, nothing, all, both, neither, none, either, each, every, everybody, everyone, everything, other, another, much, many, few, a few, little, a little, one, enough.
1 形容词性物主代词可与own连用,表示自己 所有或随身带有的事物. I want to have a house of my own. He started a business of his own. I have been living on my own for years. 形容词性物主代词不能作表语. 2 形容词性物主代词不能作表语. 3 名词性物主代词可与of连用,构成双重属格 名词性物主代词可与of连用, of连用 如: a friend of mine.
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for oneself独自地；独立地；亲自地 oneself独自地 独立地； 独自地； Do you think it is possible for a robot to think for itself? 你认为机器人可能会独立思考吗? You should do your homework for yourself yourself． 你应该独立完成作业。 One can't do such a thing for oneself． 这样的事一个人是做不来的。
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考点
6.every vs.each each side of the street was crowded with people. ___ ____ side of the square was crowded with each/every people. Every…全体 全体 Each…个别 个别 We want every child to succeed. Each child will find his own personal road to success.