《红字》两种中译本的对比研究

上海海事大学SHANGHAI MARITIME UNIVERSITY 硕士学位论文

MASTER DISSERTATION

论文题目：《红字》两种中译本的对比研究

学科专业：外国语言学及应用语言学

作者姓名：

指导教师：教授

完成日期：二○○九年六月

论文独创性声明

本人声明所呈交的论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。论文中除了特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，不包含其他机构已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。其他同志对本研究的启发和所做的贡献均已在论文中作了明确说明并表示了谢意。

作者签名：____________ 日期：____________

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作者签名：__________ 导师签名：__________ 日期：___________

A Comparative Study of the Two Chinese Versions of

The Scarlet Letter

By

Under the Supervision of

Professor

A Thesis Submitted to the College of Foreign Languages of

Shanghai Maritime University

in Partial Fulfillment of

the Requirements for the MA Degree

Shanghai Maritime University

June, 2009

Acknowledgements

I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to all those who offered me great help and valuable suggestions in composing the thesis.

First of all, my deepest gratitude and respect go to my supervisor, Professor , who devoted much time and energy to this thesis, offering invaluable suggestions and inspiring guidance, and spending his precious time polishing my paper. Without his continuous encouragement, generous help and concern, this thesis would not have been completed.

I’m also indebt ed to all the teachers who have taught me during my two-year study, particularly to the following Professors: for their thought-provoking and illuminating lectures，which will benefit me a lot all my life.

Last but not least, gratitude is extended to my beloved families. Their warm support and unreserved affection have made possible the accomplishment of this thesis, and helped me go out of the difficult personal circumstances.

摘要

传统译论强调原文和作者，而忽略了对译者和译文的研究。译者是翻译过程中的一个重要因素。译者的翻译动机，翻译策略，文化立场和个人审美观念等对译文会产生重大的影响。直到二十世纪七十年代的“文化转向”，人们才开始注意到了译者, 从而开拓了翻译研究的新空间，翻译主体研究得到了应有的重视，译者的特殊文化身份和翻译主体地位逐渐突显了出来。

本文从译者主体性的角度出发，通过对比美国小说《红字》的两个中译本的差异，试图分析和探讨在特定的社会、文化、历史背景下译者主体性对译本的影响。本论文主要由以下三章组成:

第一章对传统翻译观进行理论回顾，提出传统翻译理论对译者的态度和对译者地位的忽视，并简单介绍翻译研究的“文化转向”，以及在这种转向的影响下翻译界对译者的地位以及译者主体性的认识。第二章简要介绍了《红字》的内容、风格，及其译本的大概情况，为后面的比较研究提供了相关的背景知识。第三章根据上述的翻译标准，主要从词汇、句法和风格特色三个方面对《红字》两种中译本进行了系统的比较研究。

通过对《红字》两个中译本的比较分析，我们可以推断出译本的差异在很大程度上是由于译者的翻译原则和翻译策略的不同，是受译者主体性的影响。在进行文学评论时,要更多地关注译者及译者的社会、历史和文化的背景,深化对译者主体性的研究。

关键词: 译者主体性;文化转向;《红字》

Abstract

Traditional translation studies gave priority to the source text and the original author, neglecting the importance of the target text and the translator. The translator is the most crucial factor in translation. His/her purpose, strategies, methods and aesthetic taste greatly influence the formation of the target text.

It was not until the “cultural turn” in the 1970s that people began to notice the significance of the translator. With the "cultural turn" in translation studies, proper and increasing attention has been paid to the cultural identity and subject status of the translator.

In view of all this, this thesis is a case study of the two Chinese translations of The Scarlet Letter and tries to explore the issue of how the translator is involved in the translation process and thus influences the target translation texts under different social and historical circumstances.

This thesis consists of three chapters. Chapter one examines the marginalization of the translator in the traditional translation studies, and then introduces the change of the translator's status in translation history and the studies of the translator's role since the "cultural turn" began in the 1970s. The second chapter makes a general survey of the novel so as to offer some background information. This chapter begins with a brief introduction to the novel and its profound theme. It is followed by the discussion of characteristics of Hawthorne’ language style displayed in this novel. Chapter three makes a systematic and detailed comparison of the two Chinese versions, mainly from the aspects of semantics, syntax and style.

In the light of the analysis, we can get the point that the differences between the translations mainly lie in the differences of their translators, whose translation strategies are greatly influenced and constrained by their internal factors and external factors. More attention should be paid to the translator and the social, historical and cultural background in which he/she carries out his/her work when we are making literary criticism.

Key Words: the translator's subjectivity;the cultural turn;The Scarlet Letter