高中英语语法--主谓一致与特殊句式讲解及训练

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高中英语主谓一致含习题及讲解(推荐文档)

高中英语主谓一致含习题及讲解(推荐文档)

主谓一致一.概念:主谓一致是指:1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语, 一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。

例如: There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如: Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二.相关知识点精讲1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如: Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

 注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

例如: The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。

这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。

本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。

后面的职务用and 相连。

2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

例如: There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.。

最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)

最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)

最全的高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习 (精华版)一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间的一致性,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词的形式。

在英语语法中,主谓一致是一个非常重要的原则,它确保了句子结构正确和表达清晰。

主谓一致可以分为语法一致和意义一致两种原则。

二、主谓一致的种类1. 语法一致(1)当主语由两个或两个以上的单数名词或者代词组成时,谓语动词的形式取决于指代的是否为不同的人或事物。

如果是不同的人或事物,谓语动词用复数形式;如果指代的是同一个人或事物或者同一概念,谓语动词用单数形式。

(2)当主语是不定式、动词ing形式或主语从句时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

(3)在定语从句中,关系代词who、which、that作主语时,要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。

(4)使用连接词with、along with、together with、as well as、besides、like、without、except、but等连接的主语,谓语动词的数要与主语的数保持一致。

(5)主语为不定代词all、more、some、any、none时,谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。

(6)主语为the rest of、half of、part of、majority of、percent of、one third of等加名词时,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。

(7)集合名词作主语时,动词可用单数或复数,主要由句子的意思决定。

强调整体时,谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时,动词用复数。

常见的集合名词有public、family、class、crowd、population、team、group等。

(8)某些名词如people、police、cattle等,形式上是单数,但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用复数形式。

但people指“民族”时是例外。

2. 意义一致原则指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。

有的主语名词在形式上是单数,但在意义上却是复数;有的主语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。

主谓一致用法详解及练习题-附答案

主谓一致用法详解及练习题-附答案

.主谓一致主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。

英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则,即:语法一致原则;意义一致原则和就近原则。

1。

语法一致原则语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式,如:Tom doesn't like swimming。

汤姆不喜欢游泳.Jane and Mary look alike。

简和玛丽看起来很像.2.意义一致原则意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致,同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定,而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。

有时主语的语法形式是单数,但所表达的概念是复数意义,这时动词应采用复数形式,如:The football team are having breakfast now。

足球队员们在吃早饭.The news was exciting。

这条消息令人振奋。

3。

就近原则就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。

当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either。

or…,neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时,谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致,如:Either your students or Mr Wang knows this。

你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。

Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。

主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题,1.主语为集体名词(1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。

如果集体名词作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式,如:Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致精析及强化训练一)主谓一致的种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。

如:The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, , cattle,等。

2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。

特殊词解析:1. majoritythe majority表示“大多数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:The majority agree [agrees] with me. 大多数人同意我的意见。

The majority was [were] in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。

但是若单独用的the majority后跟有复数表语,则谓语通常要用复数。

如:The majority are young people.2. “the majority of+复数名词”用作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数,如:The majority of his books are kept upstairs. 他的大部分书藏在楼上。

The majority of people realize the importance of limiting population growth.minority作主语时谓语用单数还是复数minority表示“少数”时,为集合名词;单独用作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数形式;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式(具体用法与majority大致同相)。

2024年新高考版英语主谓一致、虚拟语气、省略、倒装、强调讲解部分

2024年新高考版英语主谓一致、虚拟语气、省略、倒装、强调讲解部分

“a number of+复数名词”作主 A number of other plants were
语时,谓语动词用复数形式,意为 found in America.在美洲还发现
“许多……”;“the number of+ 了许多其他的植物。
复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词 The number of people who travel
复合不定代词someone、anyone、everyone、nobody/no one、something、anything、everything、nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数
If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.如果有人看 到莉萨,请她给我打个电话。 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.世上无难 事,只怕有心人。
If he shouldn't come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.如果他 明天不来,我们就推迟 这个会议。
使用“(should+)动词原形”的虚拟语气 1.用于宾语从句 以下动词后的宾语从句常常使用虚拟语气,即谓语为“(should+)动词原 形”。
原则
意义 一致
课标必备点梳理
常见用法
例句
当“几分之几/百分之几/half/ the rest/most+of+名词”结构作 主语时,一般根据of后的名词的 单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
20% of the people in the city object to the price of running water going up. 这个城市中百分之二十的人反 对自来水价格上调。

高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)

高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)

高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中,谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。

比如,你、我、他是学生,中文“是”字是一样的,只有主语不同。

英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变:I am,you are,he is。

主谓一致有三大原则:语法一致,意义一致,就近一致。

(一)语法一致名词是单数,谓语动词是单数。

不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等,谓语动词也用单数。

Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。

The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。

To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。

记住:绝大多数都用单数,只有明确的复数名词,谓语动词才用复数。

My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。

The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。

鞋、裤子、眼镜,只能是复数,如果前面加上“一双”“一条”,后面的动词就是单数。

A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。

要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数,一定要准确锁定主语。

All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然,all才是真正的主语,所以是复数。

She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里,She才是真正的主语,所以是单数。

"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。

例如:More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。

高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习

高中英语语法:主谓一致-讲解与练习

主谓一致Ⅰ. 主谓一致原则含义:在英语句子中,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。

分类:语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。

Ⅱ. 语法一致原则:谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

His father is working on the farm.To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is true.【注意】★由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

What I bought were three English books.What I say and do has nothing to do with you.★ a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语;a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语:This pair of shoes is not mine.The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.2.―单数名词+ and + 单数名词‖作主语,谓语动词用复数:You and I are good friends.The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数:a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + 单数名词(人)+ 单数谓语a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ and + a/ the + 单数名词(人)+ 复数谓语The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.★由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式:Every man, woman, and child needs love.Each boy and girl was given a book.Every minute and every second is precious.★有些用and连接起来的单数名词,由于关系密切,已被看成一个整体,因而作主语时,谓语单词用单数。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

2) 某些集体名词,如 family, audience,class,club,company,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,
team 等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形
式。如:
His family is a happy one.
Do(es) any of you know his address ?
None of them has(have)seen the film.
4)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时,按意义一致原则,作用单数意义时,谓语用单数,反之,谓语用复数。
这类名词有:means(方法),works(工厂),species(种类),Chinese,Japanese 等。单、复数同形的名词 deer,sheep
做主语时,谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。如:
A sheep is over there.
Some sheep are over there.
如:
The (This) glass works was set up in 1980. (这家玻璃厂建于 1980 年。) The(These)glass works are near the railway station. (这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。) 5)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数,形复意单的单词有 news 和一些以 ics 结尾的学科名称,如 physics,politics, economics 等。 如:The news was so surprising. 6)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时,往往可以根据意义一致的原则,把这 些复数名词看作一个整体,谓语用单数形式。如: Three years has passed since then. Ten pounds is enough. 7)“名词+and+名词”做主语,并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式,这 时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。如: The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor. To love and to be loved is great happiness. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. A knife and fork is on the table. 8)“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语,要根据 of 后的名词确定谓语动词的单复数。名词为不可数名词或单数可数名 词时,谓语用单数;名词为复数时,谓语用复数。 80% of e-mails on the Internetare in English. Two thirds of the apple is rotten. Two thirds of the apples are rotten. 9) 名词化的形容词作主语 如果主语由“the+形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数,这类词有:the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等;但也有少 数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。如: The blind study in special schools. The departed was a well-known engineer. 这类形容词或分词如果要表示个体时,就要与名词 man, person 或表示人的单数连和,如:an old man, a rich person, the(a)wounded soldier 10) 不定代词“each,/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”或“each,/every+单数名词+and+ each,/every+单数名词”作主 语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如: Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema. In other words, every action and movement in Beijing Opera is important. 11) 从句作主语 由 what 引导的主语从句,谓语动词通常用单数,但由 what 引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动 词一般用复数形式,例如: What we need is more time What we need are doctors. 12) “a number of+名词复数”,谓语用复数,“the number of +复数名词”谓语用单数。 13)“a quantity of +不可数名词/可数名词”作主语,谓语动词的数取决于名词是否可数。“quantities of +不可数名词 / 可数名词” 作主语,谓语用复数。 A large quantity of beer was drunk. A large quantity of nuts are on the table. (large) Quantities of nuts are on the table. 3.就近原则,即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 1) 用连词 or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also 等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数应根据 就近一致的原则。如:

英语语法——特殊句式与主谓一致

英语语法——特殊句式与主谓一致
被a pair/two pairs of修饰,谓语与pair的单复数一致
Thispairof shoesismine.
Fivepairsof shoeshavebeen sold out in the morning.
主谓倒装句中
谓语与它后面的主语一致
Therecomesthe bus. Suchwerehis words.这就是他的原话
population“人口”
谓语用单数
The population of Canada is 29 million.
有分数修饰,谓语最好用复数
Just under a third of the population now are smoking.
(4)主语为抽象名词news;学科名词maths, physics;专有名词James, the United States;游戏运动名词billiards台球
谓语用单数
The United States was founded in 1776.成立
Physics is very interesting.
clothes, goods, works(著作),the Olympic Games
谓语用复数
The expensive clothes were made specially for the beautiful princess.
Is there anything wrong with your bike?
Everything is ready for the sports meeting.运动会
不定式、动名词做主语
谓语用单数
To teach is to learn.教学相长Playing with fire is dangerous.

【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析

【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析

【英语】英语主谓一致解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、主谓一致1.The plan they are talking about _________ improving greatly.A.need B.needsC.needing D.needed【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意为:他们在谈论的计划需要极大地改善。

根据语境可知,这里谈论的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。

由于句子主语为the plan,属第三人称单数,根据主谓一致原则,故应选B。

考点:考查主谓一致问题。

2.Everyone except Tom and Jim _______ going to visit some friends in Shenzhen.A.is B.are C.am D.be【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:除了汤姆和吉姆之外,每个人都会去拜访在深圳的一些朋友。

Except意为“除了”,引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式,本句主语是everyone,不定代词,谓语动词用be动词单数is,故选A。

【点睛】as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。

例如:1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.3.(两者之中)任何一个I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习一、讲解部分主谓一致是高中英语语法中的一个重要概念,它指的是在英语句子中,主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致。

具体来说,就是主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也要用复数形式。

同时,谓语动词的人称要根据主语的性别和数量进行变化。

主谓一致的规则主要包括以下三个原则:1.语法一致原则:主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致。

2.意义一致原则:主语和谓语动词在意义上保持一致。

3.邻近一致原则:如果一个句子中有两个主语,谓语动词与距离它最近的主语保持一致。

在实际应用中,需要根据具体的语境和上下文来判断主谓一致的用法。

例如,在一般现在时中,如果主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it),谓语动词要用单数形式;如果主语是复数形式(they/we/you),谓语动词要用复数形式。

二、练习部分1.用正确的形式填空:(1) He(play) basketball every Sunday.(2) She(write) letters to her friends every week.(3) We(go) to the movies on Fridays.(4) They(not play) in the park now.(5) I ___(not write) to my parents this week.答案:(1) plays (2) writes (3) go (4) aren't playing (5) haven't written1.翻译句子:(1) 他们喜欢游泳和打篮球。

答案:They like swimming and playing basketball.。

高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案

高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案

在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。

主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。

语法一致原则语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

►To study French well is not easy.学好法语不容易。

►What he said is very important for us all.他说的话对我们大家很重要。

【注意】由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式;但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

►What I bought were three Chinese books.我买的是三本中文书。

►What I say and do are helpful to you.我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。

2.由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面,谓语动词要用复数形式。

►Both she and he are middle school students.他和她都是中学生。

【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时,主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。

►The writer and artist has come.那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。

►To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。

(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

►No boy and no girl likes it.男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。

主谓一致练习题及讲解高中

主谓一致练习题及讲解高中

主谓一致练习题及讲解高中### 主谓一致练习题及讲解在英语语法中,主谓一致是确保句子结构正确和意义清晰的关键。

以下是一些主谓一致的练习题,以及对每个题目的简要讲解。

#### 练习题1选择正确的动词形式填空:- The committee is/are meeting tomorrow to discuss the budget.讲解:委员会是一个集体名词,通常被视为单数,因此正确的动词形式是 "is"。

#### 练习题2用适当的动词形式填空:- The team plays/play soccer every weekend.讲解:尽管“team”指的是多个成员,但作为整体时,我们通常将其视为单数,因此使用 "plays"。

#### 练习题3填空:- One of the books on the shelf is/are interesting.讲解:当 "one of" 后面跟有复数名词时,主语是 "one",因此动词应该是单数形式 "is"。

#### 练习题4选择正确的动词形式:- My family enjoys/enjoy watching movies together.讲解:尽管 "family" 指的是多人,但作为整体时,它被视为单数,因此应该使用 "enjoys"。

#### 练习题5填空:- The number of students is/are large in this class.讲解:"The number of" 后面跟的名词是单数,因此动词应该是 "is"。

#### 练习题6选择正确的动词形式:- The police are/is searching for the suspect.讲解:"Police" 作为整体名词时,通常被视为单数,但当它指代多个警察个体时,可以被视为复数,这里根据语境,"police" 指代的是多个警察,因此使用 "are"。

高考英语主谓一致完全解析及高考真题

高考英语主谓一致完全解析及高考真题

高考英语主谓一致完全解析及高考真题高考英语主谓一致完全解析及高考真题一、引言在英语语法中,主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在人称、数和性方面保持一致。

这是英语语法的基本原则之一,也是高考英语语法考察的重要内容。

本文将详细解析主谓一致的规则,并结合高考真题进行说明,旨在帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法点。

二、主谓一致的规则1、单数主语和谓语动词的一致(1)名词单数作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:The book is on the table.(2)不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:Somebody is waiting for you.(3)以-s结尾的名词和以s结尾的名词复数作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:The students are listening to the teacher. 2、复数主语和谓语动词的一致(1)名词复数作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:The boys areplaying football.(2)不定代词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Everybody is wearing a new dress.3、并列主语和谓语动词的一致并列主语指的是由and或or连接的两个或多个主语。

在这种情况下,谓语动词的形式取决于最靠近它的主语。

例如:John and Mary are good at swimming.(约翰和玛丽擅长游泳。

)4、主语从句、动名词和不定式作主语时的主谓一致(1)主语从句作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于从句中的主语。

例如:What we need is more time.(2)动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:Reading books is my favorite hobby.(3)不定式作主语时,如果不定式的动作是可数的,谓语动词用单数形式;如果动作是不可数的,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:To learn English is important.(学习英语很重要。

高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题

高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题

高中英语语法_主谓一致详细讲解与练习题高一语法---主谓一致主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要一致。

一.谓语动词用单数的情况1.动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语,谓语用单数。

如:Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job.To understand the situation completely requires more thought.2.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时,谓语用单数。

Two weeks was too long. Ten yuan is enough.十元钱足够了。

3.一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候,谓语用复数,但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念,谓语用单数:law and order 法制soap and water 肥皂水a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子fork and knife 刀叉the needle and thread 针线trial and error 反复尝试,不断摸索horse and carriage 马车time and tide 岁月bread and butter 奶油面包the ebb and flow 盛衰,潮涨潮落Bread and butter is our daily food Time and tide waits for no man4. 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。

例如:Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。

There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出问题了。

5. 两个用and连接的单数可数名词作主语,且第二个名词前无冠词,表示“一体”或“一双”,谓语动词用单数。

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主谓一致与特殊句式主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。

主谓一致一般遵循三个原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。

(1)动名词短语、动词不定式短语、单个从句或不定代词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。

Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.Everything is in a complete mass, which drives people crazy.[名师指津]what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但如果从句表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式。

What he said is far from the truth.What the school needs are qualified teachers.(2)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

The teacher as well as his students was very excited.I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame for the accident.(3)and, both ... and ...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.The poet and writer has produced many works.(4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词的形式要与先行词保持一致。

I will always treasure the moments that were full of pleasure.(5)“many a或more than one+可数名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

each, every, no 所修饰的名词作主语时,即使有and连接,谓语动词仍用单数。

Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process.Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday.2.意义一致原则意义一致原则是指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数,主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。

(1)集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作是构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。

常见的集体名词有:family, class, team, group, public, committee, government, audience等。

The class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls.The class are doing experiment.(2)“分数/百分数/the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。

About one third of the books are worth reading.Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday.All of this is wonderful, but the best part of this film is the acting.(3)“the+形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

The old are taken good care of here.(4)a quantity of后既可接不可数名词,也可接可数名词复数,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;quantities of后无论是可数名词还是不可数名词,谓语动词均用复数形式。

A quantity of time has been wasted on the project.=Quantities of time have been wasted on the project.(5)“a number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“the number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

A number of students have gone for an outing.The number of the students is increasing year after year.(6)表示时间、距离、重量、金额等复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。

Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy.(7)以­s/­ics结尾的学科名词及news作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

Bad news travels quickly.3.就近一致原则就近一致原则是指谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。

(1)由or, either ...or ..., neit Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.(2)由there, here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。

There are three books and a pen on the desk.Ⅰ.单句语法填空①Fast food________ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.解析:is主语是“Fast food”,是不可数名词短语,所以谓语用单数形式,且此处讲的是现状,所以填is。

②The publication of Great Expectations, which ________ (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’status as a leading novelist.解析:was句意:《远大前程》这部小说的出版发行受到各界的评论和高度赞扬,它巩固了狄更斯作为顶尖小说家的地位。

分析句子结构可知,which指代“The publication of Great Expectations”,故定语从句中的谓语动词应该使用单数形式;根据句中的strengthened可知,应使用一般过去时态,故填was。

③Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________ (be) regarded as one of the best all­round forms of exercise.解析:is句意:如今,骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一样,被看作是一种最全面的运动方式。

句子主语部分是A along with B结构,因此谓语应在人称和数上与A保持一致,即用单数形式,故填is。

④Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ________ (be) often acceptable.解析:is主语是“Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”,为动名词短语作主语,所以谓语动词用单数形式,此处表示客观情况,用一般现在时。

Ⅱ.单句改错①He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us.解析:was→were宾语从句中主语是we,为复数,故be动词应该用were而不是was。

②My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends ... My dream school look like a big garden.解析:look→looks句子的主语是单数形式,所以谓语也用第三人称单数,根据前文可知应用一般现在时,所以用looks。

③Today, I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.解析:go→goes句子的主语为“a fire alarm”,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。

④The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.解析:have→has句子的主语为“The early morning barking”,故谓语动词应用单数形式。

倒装1.部分倒装(1)将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。

这类词(组)有:never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., not only ... but also ..., not until, nowhere, neither ... nor ... 等。

Not until I lost my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.(2)“only+状语”置于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。

Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.(3)so/such ... that ... 结构中的so, such 连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装。

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