2019届浙江省新高考英语写作基础能力练习讲义必修一 unit4 part1

2018年浙江省新高考写作基础能力练习讲义必修一unit4 part1词汇讲解1.burstvi.爆发;爆裂，炸破;使爆炸;充满，塞满vt.使爆炸;冲破，胀破;分帧，分页，分隔n.突发;爆裂;爆发;爆炸【动词短语】1).burst inburst into a room, building, etc.闯进；突然破门而入to enter a room or building suddenly and noisily2).burst in on sb/sth突然闯进而打断（或扰乱）to interrupt sb/sth by entering a place suddenly and noisily【例句】He burst in on the meeting.他闯进来打断了会议。

3).burst into sth突然爆发to start producing sth suddenly and with great force【例句】The aircraft crashed and burst into flames (= suddenly began to burn) .飞机坠毁后猛烈燃烧起来。

She burst into tears (= suddenly began to cry) .她突然大哭起来。

4).burst on/onto sth突然在…出现；突然显现to appear somewhere suddenly in a way that is very noticeable【例句】A major new talent has burst onto the literary scene .文坛突然冒出一位重要的新秀。

5).burst outA.突然激动地喊叫to speak suddenly, loudly and with strong feeling【例句】[+ speech] ‘For heavens' sake!’he burst out.“天哪！”他大叫一声。

B. +doing突然开始（做某事）to begin doing sth suddenly【例句】Karen burst out laughing .卡伦突然大笑起来。

2.eventn.事件，大事;活动，经历;结果;运动项目The report presents a faithful account of the event.这篇报告如实地记述了那次事件。

【近义词辨析】incident n. 事件〔辨析〕指小事件，也可指严重的、重要的或暴力的事件。

〔例证〕The incident made the listeners burst into laughter.这个小插曲使听众哄然大笑。

accident n. 事故；意外事件〔辨析〕指导致某人受伤或某物受损的事故，也可指并非有意造成的意外事件。

〔例证〕A traffic accident occurred this morning.今天早上发生了交通事故。

I'm sorry about knocking over your coffee cup - it was an accident.我很抱歉打翻了你的咖啡杯——这是个意外。

event n. 事件〔辨析〕尤指重要的事件或大事，也可指有意思或不寻常的事件。

〔例证〕The discovery of X-rays was a big event in the history of physics.X射线的发现是物理学史上的重大事件。

Getting married was one of the major events in his life.结婚是他一生中的大事之一。

occurrence n. 事件〔辨析〕指生活中发生的一般的或偶然的事件。

〔例证〕Traffic jams are a common occurrence in that area.那一地区常常堵车。

Extreme weather is a rare occurrence in that country.那个国家不常出现极端天气。

3.at an end到头;结束，终止，耗尽【例句】This latest injury must surely mean that her tennis career is now at an end.最近这次受伤毫无疑问意味着她的网球生涯现在结束了。

【end常用短语】the end of …的最后in the end 终于,最后at the end 最终,最后；在终点at the end of 在……尽头；在……结束时by the end of 到……结束时；到……时为止；在……之前be at an end 结束，终结without end 永远的，没有完结的put an end to sth. 结束某事no end of 无数的make an end of sth. 结束或除掉某事物in the end in最后，终于on end 不停地，连续地。

如：不停地，连续地; 竖立，竖着。

end up 结束，完事end to end 头并头，尾并尾，首尾衔接end in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事结束或告终come (draw) to an end 结束，完结nationnoun1 [C] 国家；民族a country considered as a group of people with the same language, culture and history, who live in a particular area under one government【例句】an independent nation独立的国家2 [sing.] 国民all the people in a country【同义词】 population【例句】The entire nation, it seemed, was watching TV.好像全国的人都在看电视。

【派生词】nationhood noun【例句】Citizenship is about the sense of nationhood.公民身份涉及国家意识。

【派生词】national adj. 国家的;国民的;国有的;民族主义的n. [常用复数]全国性比赛;某国国民;全国性报刊;（机构等的）全国总部【派生词】nationally【派生词】nationality n.国籍;民族性;国家;部落【例句】The crew are of different nationalities and have no common language.船员来自不同国家，语言不通。

【派生词】nationwide adj. 全国性的;全国范围的adv. 在全国范围内;就全国而论dirtn.泥土;污垢，污泥;下流想法;恶意中伤的话【例句】People think they can treat me like dirt!人们以为可以视我为草芥！I turned into the dirt road and followed it through encroaching trees and bushes.我转上土路，在蔓延至路面的树木和灌木间穿行。

【派生词】dirty adj. 肮脏的;恶劣的;卑劣的;下流的vt. 弄脏，污染;使名声受玷污vi. 变脏，污染【不规则形式】 dirtier, dirtiestruinvt.破坏，毁灭;使破产;使没落，使堕落;变成废墟n.毁灭，灭亡;废墟，遗迹;[灭亡]的原因，祸根;损失vi.破产;被毁灭;堕落【例句】We cannot ruin our reputation over a small sum of money.咱可不能为了点儿小钱儿就砸了自己的牌子sufferingn.受苦，遭难;苦楚，苦难;令人痛苦的事v.受苦(suffer的现在分词);蒙受adj.受苦的;患病的1.[U] 疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难physical or mental pain【例句】Death finally brought an end to her suffering.死亡终于结束了她的痛苦。

This war has caused widespread human suffering.这场战争给许许多多的人带来了苦难。

2.sufferings[pl.] 痛苦；苦恼feelings of pain and unhappiness【例句】The hospice aims to ease the sufferings of the dying.临终关怀医院旨在减轻临终者的痛苦。

【派生词】suffer vi.受痛苦;受损害;变糟;变差vt.遭受;忍受;容忍;容许[V] ~ (from sth) | ~ (for sth)（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦，受难，受折磨【例句】There are few who have not suffered谁都会经受挫折。

词汇练习一、单词拼写1.Many theories have been advanced as to why some women _________ from depression2.I_________ my trousers when I step on the mud.3.The player and the team become the center of _________ media attention.4.His days as a carefree student were now __________.5.He almost ________ with pride when his son John began to excel at football6.Death and _________ had been visited on thousands of innocents.7.He asked people to tell him about a meaningful _________or period in their lives.8.Agriculture occupies an important place in the ________ economy.9.She stood there in the old coat and woollen cap, her face smudged with________ .10.This country was once proud of its education system. Now it seems to be in ________.二、翻译练习练习一：根据所给中文提示填写空白处1.__________________________(门突然被推开)and an angry young nurse appeared.2.Suddenly the door opened and __________________________(闯进了一群孩子).3.They celebrated____________________________________(通过举行游行来庆祝这一事件), lighting bonfires and setting off fireworks.4.The event was __________________________(取得了极大成功).5.With this insult, _______________________________(我的忍耐到头了).6.It had gotten very cold, and I guessed ____________________________(好天气已经到头了).7.All countries_______________________(团结一致)under the banner of friendship.8.The whole nation _______________________(团结紧).9.They chased down the stairs into ________________________(狭窄、肮脏的街上).10.Entire villages have been washed away. __________________________________.(道路和桥梁都被破坏了，农作物也全毁了)。