深大水库高陡土质库岸塌岸预测图解模型研究

文章编号:1006 2610(2019)01 0018 04

深大水库高陡土质库岸塌岸预测图解模型研究

张　晖1,2,付建伟1,2,薛会师1,2

(1.中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安　710065;

2.国家能源水电工程技术研发中心高边坡与地质灾害研究治理分中心,西安　710065;)

摘　要:茨哈峡超高坝的库区土质岸坡,以松散-弱胶结的Q 3砂砾石为主,多呈台阶型近直立状,坡高300m 以上,且部分库段构成水下岸坡的主体㊂对该类高陡砂砾石库岸进行塌岸预测,目前尚无可借鉴的工程实例,且常用的预测方法大多适用性较差㊂在塌岸机理研究结论的基础上,从 两段法”塌岸预测图解法的基本思路出发,结合实际地质条件㊁水库运行方式和 库岸结构法”适用性,对两段法图解模型的预测起始点㊁水位波动带进行修正,对水上㊁水下稳定坡角进行选择研究,提出了较适于茨哈峡水库高陡土质岸坡的 三段法”塌岸预测图解模型㊂关键词:高陡土质岸坡;塌岸预测;预测起始点;库水位变幅带; 三段法”图解模型

中图分类号:TV622;TU457 文献标志码:A DOI :10.3969/j.issn.1006-2610.2019.01.005

Study of Graphical Model for predicting Collapse of High -steep Soil Bank in Deep Reservoir

ZHANG Hui 1,2,FU Jianwei 1,2,XUE Huishi 1,2

(1.PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited ,Xi'an 710065,China ;2.National Energy and Hydropower Engineering Technology R&D Center ,High Slope and Geological Hazard Research and Control Sub-center ,Xi'an 710065,China )

Abstract :The soil bank slope at the reservoir area of the Cihaxia super-high dam is mainly composed of loose-wet cemented Q 3sand gravel ,which is mostly stepped and nearly vertical ,with a slope height of more than 300m ,and some reservoir sections constitute the un⁃derwater bank.For the collapse prediction of this kind of high-steep sand gravel bank ,no engineering project is available for reference ,and the ordinary prediction methods are mostly poorly applicable.On the basis of the conclusion of the research on the mechanism of bank collapse ,starting with the basic idea of the "Two-section Method"bank collapse prediction graphic method ,combined with the actual geological conditions ,the operating mode of the reservoir and the applicability of the "Reservoir Bank Structure Method",the prediction starting point and the water level fluctuation zone of the graphical model of the Two-section Method are corrected ,and the selection of the stable slope angle above the water level and underwater is studied ,thus proposed the graphical model of the "Three-section Method"col⁃lapse prediction applicable for the high-steep soil bank slope of the Cihaxia Reservoir.Key words :high-steep soil bank slope ;bank collapse prediction ;prediction starting point ;reservoir water level fluctuation zone ;"Three-

section Method"graphical model

收稿日期:2018-04-24 作者简介:张晖(1971-),男,西安市人,高级工程师,主要从事

水电站工程地质问题研究.

0　前　言

水库塌岸是水库周边岸坡土体因蓄水及水位升降㊁波浪冲刷及风浪爬高作用下不断发生坍落破坏等库岸再造的地质现象,随着时间的延续,库岸线逐渐后退,直至达到新的平衡[1-2]㊂水库塌岸预测理论在中国来源于前苏联,近年来随着大型水库项目

的建设与运行,塌岸预测理论与方法有了一定的发展,但常用的方法仍为类比图解法㊁计算图解法㊁动力法㊁经验法等,且每种预测方法均有一定的适用条件,不同适用条件下,各方法的预测结果往往差别很大[3-4]㊂

青海黄河茨哈峡水库部分库岸为松散-弱胶结

以Q 3砂砾石为主的土质岸坡,多呈台阶型近直立状,坡高300m 以上,且部分库段构成水下岸坡的主

体㊂水下高陡土质岸坡蓄水后不稳定-稳定性较差,国内外目前尚未检索到类似茨哈峡土质岸坡结

工程地质与测量 西北水电㊃2019年㊃第1期

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