高中语法主谓一致详细讲解
(完整版)主谓一致详解超详细
(完整版)主谓一致详解超详细1、形式一致主语是复数,谓语动词用复数形式主语是单数,谓语动词用单数形式2、语意一致谓语动词用单数的清况1)当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时,把这些复数名词看作一个整体。
谓语动词采用单数形式。
Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt.Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test.Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名,谓语动词用单数以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时,常用单数谓语动词形式。
当这些名词表示实际内容时,谓语动词则用复数形式。
这类单词有:economics经济学electronics电子学physics物理学politics政治学mathematics数学statistics统计学Roots was a novel about a slave family.His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend.Politics is his favorite subject.Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce.Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn.3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词,如:machinery(机械),clothing(衣服),luggage(行李),furniture(家具),equipment(设备),jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
高中英语语法:高中英语主谓一致详解
高中英语语法:高中英语主谓一致详解在高中英语语法中,主谓一致是一个重要且常考的知识点。
它要求主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致,看似简单,实则有许多细节需要我们注意。
首先,我们来了解一下什么是主谓一致。
主谓一致指的是句子的主语和谓语在人称、数和时态上的协调配合。
简单来说,就是主语是单数,谓语动词也要用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语动词就用复数形式。
一、语法一致原则这是主谓一致中最基本的原则。
当主语是单数名词、不可数名词、动词不定式、动名词或单个从句时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:“The book is very interesting”(这本书很有趣。
)“Smoking is bad for health”(吸烟有害健康。
)当主语是复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
比如:“These books are mine”(这些书是我的。
)需要特别注意的是,当主语是由 and 连接的两个或多个名词时,如果表示的是不同的人或物,谓语动词用复数;但如果表示的是同一人、同一物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:“The teacher and writeris coming”(这位教师兼作家要来了。
)这里的“teacher and writer”指的是同一个人,所以谓语动词用单数;而“The teacher and the writer arecoming”(这位教师和这位作家要来了。
)这里的“teacher”和“writer”是不同的两个人,谓语动词用复数。
二、意义一致原则有时候,主语的形式是单数,但意义是复数;或者主语形式是复数,但意义是单数。
在这种情况下,谓语动词的形式要根据主语的实际意义来决定。
例如,集合名词如 family(家庭)、class(班级)、team(团队)等,如果强调的是整体,谓语动词用单数;如果强调的是个体成员,谓语动词用复数。
比如:“My family is a big one”(我的家庭是个大家庭。
高中主谓一致语法总结
高中主谓一致语法总结高中主谓一致是英语语法中的重要内容,它指的是句子中主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
正确的主谓一致能增强语言表达的准确性和流畅性,使句子更具逻辑性。
下面将对高中主谓一致的几个方面进行总结,以帮助学习者掌握这一语法规则。
一、基本概念:1. 主谓一致:主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
2. 人称的主谓一致:主语和谓语在人称上保持一致,即第一人称主语用第一人称谓语动词,第二人称主语用第二人称谓语动词,第三人称主语用第三人称谓语动词。
3. 数的主谓一致:主语和谓语在数上保持一致,即单数主语用单数谓语动词,复数主语用复数谓语动词。
二、主语和谓语的一致关系:1. 单数主语和单数谓语:单数主语用单数谓语动词,如:She watches TV every day.2. 复数主语和复数谓语:复数主语用复数谓语动词,如:They play basketball in the park.3. 以and连接的并列主语:并列主语多数情况下用复数谓语动词,但若并列主语表示一个整体或指同一事物,则用单数谓语动词,如:Bread and butter is his favorite breakfast.4. 以or, either...or, neither...nor连接的主语:根据最靠近谓语的主语决定谓语的单复数形式,如:Neither my parents nor Iam going to the party.三、特殊情况:1. 量词和集体名词作主语:量词和集体名词作主语时,根据后面的名词决定谓语的单复数形式,如:A lot of people are attending the concert.2. there be句型:主谓一致遵循后面的主语,如:There is a book on the desk.四、注意事项:1. 混用第一人称和第二人称:在表达中要避免混用第一人称和第二人称,如:He and I likes swimming.(错误)应改为:He and I like swimming.(正确)2. 主语和介词短语的错位:主语和谓语之间不能插入介词短语,如:The book on the desk need to be returned.(错误)应改为:The book on the desk needs to be returned.(正确)3. 主谓一致出现在谓语动词之后:有时主谓一致出现在谓语动词之后,如:The book, as well as the pen, is on the table.通过对高中主谓一致的总结可以看出,主谓一致是英语语法中的重要内容之一。
2024年新高考版英语主谓一致、虚拟语气、省略、倒装、强调讲解部分
“a number of+复数名词”作主 A number of other plants were
语时,谓语动词用复数形式,意为 found in America.在美洲还发现
“许多……”;“the number of+ 了许多其他的植物。
复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词 The number of people who travel
复合不定代词someone、anyone、everyone、nobody/no one、something、anything、everything、nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数
If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.如果有人看 到莉萨,请她给我打个电话。 Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.世上无难 事,只怕有心人。
If he shouldn't come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.如果他 明天不来,我们就推迟 这个会议。
使用“(should+)动词原形”的虚拟语气 1.用于宾语从句 以下动词后的宾语从句常常使用虚拟语气,即谓语为“(should+)动词原 形”。
原则
意义 一致
课标必备点梳理
常见用法
例句
当“几分之几/百分之几/half/ the rest/most+of+名词”结构作 主语时,一般根据of后的名词的 单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
20% of the people in the city object to the price of running water going up. 这个城市中百分之二十的人反 对自来水价格上调。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中,谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如,你、我、他是学生,中文“是”字是一样的,只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变:I am,you are,he is。
主谓一致有三大原则:语法一致,意义一致,就近一致。
(一)语法一致名词是单数,谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等,谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住:绝大多数都用单数,只有明确的复数名词,谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜,只能是复数,如果前面加上“一双”“一条”,后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数,一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然,all才是真正的主语,所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里,She才是真正的主语,所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
例如:More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义:主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。
●功能:确保句子语法正确,意义清晰。
●主谓关系:主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系,这种关系决定了谓语的形式。
二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。
⏹不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理:如“either...or...”结构中,根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。
1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。
⏹集合名词作为主语时,需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。
⏹特殊情况的处理:如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。
1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。
⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时,需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。
1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时,需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。
⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时,谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。
三、实践与练习
●练习题:提供一些练习题,帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。
●答案解析:对练习题进行详细的答案解析,帮助学生理解自己的错误,并给出正确的用法建议。
四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结,强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性,并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。
高中英语主谓一致讲解
主谓一致:一.语法一致原则:指主语和谓语在语法形式上必须一致,也就是谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。
1.不可数名词或者可数名词单数作主语,谓语用单数。
可数名词复数作主语,谓语动词用复数。
2.不定代词someone , anyone , everyone , no one ……等作主语,谓语动词用单数.3.当each , either , neither 作主语,或者主语由each, either , neither , every , 修饰时,谓语动词用单数.4.单个的动词不定式,动词ing 主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数.5.由as well as , along with , with , together with , rather than except , besides , in addition to , like , including ,but ……等连接两部分名词或者代词作主语时,谓语动词与这些词前面的主语保持一致。
For example :The teacher as well as the students likes the painting .Tom , along with his friends , goes skating every Saturday .6.many a / more than one + 可数名词单数作主语时,谓语用单数.more + 复数名词+ than one 作主语时,谓语用复数。
Many a / more than one person is against the proposal .7.One of + 可名复后跟定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词通常用单数, the only one of + 可名复后接定语从句时,从句中的谓语动词用复数.He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai .He is the only one of the students who has been to Shanghai .二.意义一致原则指根据意义来判断主谓一致。
高中英语语法:高中英语主谓一致详解
三、就近一致原则 在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语 保持一致。 1. 当两个主语由either …… or, neither …… nor, whether …… or ……, not only …… but also连接时,谓语动 词和邻近的主语一致。 如:Either the teacher or the students are our friends. Neither they nor he is wholly right. Is neither he nor they wholly right?
2. Such poets as Shakespeare_____widely read, of whose works,however, some____ difficult to understand. (2010 四川卷) A. are;are B. is;is C. are;is D. is:are 答案:A 解析:主句中的主语应为poets,谓语动词用 复数,其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应 为some of whose works,谓语动词也应是 复数。故选A。
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致高中英语知识点归纳-主谓一致主谓一致是英语语法中重要的一部分,它要求句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
在语言表达中,确保主谓一致可以使句子更加准确清晰,避免产生歧义。
以下是一些主谓一致的常见情况和规则。
一、基本规则1. 主谓一致的基本规则是当主语是单数时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:She runs every morning.(她每天早晨跑步。
)They go to school together.(他们一起去学校。
)2. 当主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式。
而当主语是第一人称、第二人称或复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:He speaks English fluently.(他流利地讲英语。
)We play soccer every Saturday.(我们每个星期六踢足球。
)二、特殊情况和规则1. 使用句型“There is/are”时,主谓一致取决于关系代词的数。
例如:There is a book on the table.(桌子上有一本书。
)There are some applesin the basket.(篮子里有几个苹果。
)2. 使用分数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:One third ofthe class is absent today.(这个班级有三分之一的人今天缺席。
)3. 当主语由“each”、“every”、“no”、“either”、“neither”等引导时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
例如:Each student has a textbook.(每个学生都有一本教科书。
)Neither of them is interested in sports.(他们中没有一个对运动感兴趣。
)4. 连系动词(如be动词、appear、seem等)后的表语通常与主语保持一致。
例如:The book is interesting.(这本书很有趣。
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致和主谓语序的语法规则
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致和主谓语序的语法规则一、主谓一致的语法规则主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致。
以下是主谓一致的几个常见规则:1. 单数主语和单数谓语动词一致:例如,“The dog barks”(这条狗叫)。
2. 复数主语和复数谓语动词一致:例如,“The dogs bark”(这些狗叫)。
3. 不可数名词的主语和单数谓语动词一致:例如,“The water is cold”(水很冷)。
4. 有些特殊的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
这包括家庭成员名词“family”、“team”、“audience”等:例如,“My family is going on vacation”(我的家人要去度假)。
5. 当主语包括不同人称时,使用谓语动词的第一人称的复数形式:例如,“Tom and I are going to the movies”(汤姆和我要去看电影)。
6. 当主语为某个整体时,谓语动词与之保持一致:例如,“The crew is preparing for takeoff”(机组人员正在准备起飞)。
7. 当主语中包括“each”、“every”、“either”、“neither”、“everyone”、“nobody”等词时,谓语动词用单数形式:例如,“Every student has to submit their homework”(每个学生都必须提交他们的作业)。
二、主谓语序的语法规则主谓语序指的是主语和谓语动词的顺序要保持一致。
以下是主谓语序的几个常见规则:1. 在陈述句中,主语通常位于谓语动词之前:例如,“She is a teacher”(她是一名老师)。
2. 在疑问句中,将谓语动词放在主语之前:例如,“Are you hungry?”(你饿了吗?)。
3. 在祈使句中,主语通常省略,谓语动词单独出现:例如,“Sit down”(坐下)。
4. 在条件句中,主语通常位于谓语动词之前:例如,“If it rains, we will stay indoors”(如果下雨,我们就呆在室内)。
高中语法主谓一致详细讲解
高中语法主谓一致详细讲解主谓一致的讲解在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
如果主语是单数,谓语动词也必须是单数形式;如果主语是复数,谓语动词也必须是复数形式。
下面我们来讲一下并列结构作主语时的主谓一致。
1.由and连接主语时当and连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时,根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数。
1) 并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students。
(XXX和XXX是好学生。
)Like many others。
the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold。
(像许多人一样,小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子。
)Both XXX in this area。
(这个地区种植着水稻和小麦。
)2) 并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:XXX(那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。
)A XXX(一位新闻记者兼作家住在六楼。
)His XXX was with him on his trip to Europe。
(他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。
)XXX XXX was present at the state XXX(总理兼外长出席了国宴。
)比较:XXX(作家和教育家曾来过我们学校。
)XXX(作家兼教育家曾来过我们学校。
)His lawyer and his XXX were with him on his trip to Europe。
(他的律师和他的大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。
)注意:指同一个人或物时,并列主语前只用一个冠词。
指不同的需要分别加冠词,但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可。
例如:A XXX(一个男孩和一个女孩在打网球。
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致与主谓分离
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致与主谓分离主谓一致和主谓分离是高中英语中的两个重要的语法知识点。
掌握了这两个知识点,可以帮助我们正确理解和运用英语语法。
本文将对主谓一致和主谓分离进行详细的归纳和解释。
一、主谓一致主谓一致指的是主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
在英语句子中,主语和谓语的一致性是非常重要的,它决定了句子的正确性和通顺性。
一般来说,主谓一致的基本原则如下:1. 单数主语使用单数谓语动词,复数主语使用复数谓语动词。
例如:- The boy plays basketball.(这个男孩打篮球。
)- The boys play basketball.(这些男孩打篮球。
)2. 第三人称单数主语使用单数谓语动词,其他人称主语则使用相应的谓语动词。
例如:- He sings very well.(他唱得非常好。
)- They sing very well.(他们唱得非常好。
)3. 有些特殊的名词或代词在主语位置上看似是单数,但实际上是复数,这时要使用复数谓语动词。
例如:- The news is good.(这个消息很好。
)- My glasses are missing.(我的眼镜不见了。
)二、主谓分离主谓分离指的是谓语动词前面有一个或多个词在起修饰的作用,使得主语和谓语之间相隔较远。
在这种情况下,判断主谓一致要以真正的主语为准,而不受分离的修饰语的影响。
例如:1. 以there, here等词开头的句子。
例如:- There is a book on the table.(桌子上有一本书。
)- Here comes the bus.(车来了。
)2. 倒装句中的主谓分离。
例如:- Little did he know about the plan.(他对计划一无所知。
)- Not until then did I realize my mistake.(直到那时,我才意识到我的错误。
)3. 特殊句型中的主谓分离。
高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致
高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词的形式应该保持一致,而主谓不一致则是指主语和谓语动词的形式不一致。
正确使用主谓一致是写作中的一个关键要素,它能够帮助我们准确地表达自己的意思,避免句子混乱和歧义。
本文将详细讨论高中语法中的主谓一致与主谓不一致的规则和常见错误,并提供一些实例帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些规则。
一、主谓一致的规则1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致当主语是单数时,谓语动词应使用单数形式。
例如:- The cat runs in the garden.(这只猫在花园里跑。
)- She plays tennis every week.(她每周打网球。
)2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词一致当主语是复数时,谓语动词应使用复数形式。
例如:- The cats run in the garden.(这些猫在花园里跑。
)- They play tennis every week.(他们每周打网球。
)3. 不可数名词与单数谓语动词一致不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式。
例如:- Happiness is important in life.(幸福对于生活来说很重要。
)- Water is essential for survival.(水对于生存是必不可少的。
)4. 以复数形式出现的名词作为单数主语时,谓语动词仍然使用单数形式以复数形式出现的名词(如news、physics、mathematics等)作为主语时,谓语动词的形式仍然使用单数。
例如:- The news is shocking.(这则新闻令人震惊。
)- Physics is my favorite subject.(物理是我最喜欢的科目。
)5. 以there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数应与跟在其后的主语一致以there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数形式应与跟在其后的主语一致。
例如:- There is a cat in the garden.(花园里有一只猫。
高中英语主谓一致语法讲解原创
高中英语主谓一致语法讲解(一)种类1.语法形式上的一致主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。
如:The number of the students present is 200.Jane and Mary look alike.2.意义上一致1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
如:The crowd were shouting.单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle等。
2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
如:The news was so surprising.形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等。
3.就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
如:Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.(二)主谓一致的应用1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词,如family, team等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:His family is a happy one. The whole family are watching TV.这类名词有:audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,government,group,party,public,team等。
名词population一词的使用情况类似。
“a group(crowd) of +复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。
高中主谓一致语法总结
高中主谓一致语法总结主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
在英语语法中,主谓一致是非常重要的一部分,因为它直接关系到句子的表达是否准确和流畅。
在高中英语学习中,主谓一致也是一个重点和难点。
下面我们就来总结一下高中主谓一致的相关知识。
一、基本原则。
1. 单数主语与谓语动词要用单数形式。
2. 复数主语与谓语动词要用复数形式。
3. 主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
4. 主语是第三人称复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
二、主谓一致的特殊情况。
1. 连接词“and”连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
例如,Tom and Jerry are good friends.2. 当主语是“either…or…”, “neither…nor…”时,谓语动词要与最靠近它的名词保持一致。
例如,Neither the teacher nor the students are satisfied with the result.3. 当主语是“not only…but also…”时,谓语动词要与最靠近它的名词保持一致。
例如,Not only the teacher but also the students are interested in the new project.4. 当主语是“one of + 复数名词”时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如,One of the students is going to give a speech at the conference.三、注意事项。
1. 当主语是以“each, every, either, neither, none, no”等词开头的复合主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如,Each of the students has his own plan for the future.2. 当主语是以“many a, more than one, a lot of, the number of”等短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
高中英语 主谓一致 详解
主谓一致所谓“主谓一致”是指英语句子中主语和谓语在数、人称方面一致。
一般说来,当主语是复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式;当主语是单数名词或者不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
如:Li Ming is a good student. We study English hard.但在很多情况下,主谓一致存在一些特殊情况,现归纳如下:一.语法一致原则1. 主语是从句,非谓语动词(即动词不定式、动名词和分词)和不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。
但what 从句作主语时,谓语动词一般根据表语决定。
Eg: What he needs are two books. What I’m worried about is your safety. To see is to believe.2. and 连接两个单数名词时(1)两个单数名词表示不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
Eg: Steam and ice are different forms of water.(2)如果表示的是同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
Eg: The singer and dancer is to attend our party.Only a knife and fork is left on the table.Truth and honesty is the best policy.(3)在both …and …结构中用谓语动词用复数。
Eg: Both Tom and I are fond of English.(4)名词前有no, each, every, many a, not a, more than one修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
但more +复数名词+than one,谓语多用复数。
Eg: Many an adult and many a child has seen it.Each hour and each minute is important.More than one student has failed the exam.(5)不可数名词由and 连接的两个并列形容词来修饰时,谓语动词用复数。
高中英语主谓一致讲解 (共23张PPT)
4★. one of + 名词复数作主语,谓语动词用__单__数__.
在定语从句中,one of + 名词复数作先行词时,从句 谓语动词用___复__数___. the only one of + 名词复数作先行 词时,从句谓语动词用__单__数____.
it very much.
4. —Is everyone here?
—Not yet ... Look, there ___c_o_m_e__ (come)
the rest of our colleagues!
5. The chief editor together with his editors ____is____ (be) discussing the new law about
1.Not only we but also Jane _______ the secret. A. Know B. knows C. have known D. is known
2. A library with five thousand books____ to the nation as a gift.
如为系表结构,系动词要由表语的名词来决定。
What he said surprises us
What he told me and what he did make me forgive him.
How and when to start the job is still a question.
What she gives to me are just some books.
2. ten dollars __ha_s(have) been wasted.
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主谓一致的讲解一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.总理兼外长比较:the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe.注意:指同一个人或物时,并列主语前只用一个冠词,指不同的需要分别加冠词,但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are playing tennis.3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients.Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意:many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.法规制定The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时由either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时,谓语动词陈述句中就近原则Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走Not you but I am to answer the questionI, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1)学科名词: physics 物理mathematics/maths 数学economics 经济学politics政治学新闻; news体操:GymnasticsAs we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”注意:当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确,答案就是56The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语means方式方法aircraft 飞机works 工厂crossroads十字路口deer 鹿sheep 羊fish 鱼This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cityThis means of transport has been triedAll possible means have been tried3)由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子compasses 圆规glasses眼镜gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤pants裤子scissors剪子shoes鞋子shorts短裤socks短袜trousers裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词(a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等)修饰时,单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数The united States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产clothes衣服plasticsearnings收入goods货物leavings剩余savings储存All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时1)mankind, humanity, man 作主语时,谓语一般用单数Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时:Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.2)people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时,只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如:There are 56 peoples in China3)family, crowd 等作主语时,根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有:Army,assembly议会集会audience band class club committee company congress 议会youth crew 全体工作人员crowd enemy family gang团伙government group herd牧群jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have different opinions about their going abroadThe football club committee arranges all the matchesThe football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较:A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来4)baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒.Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是machine, poem, jewel, scene 等.如:a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(许多机器).5)hair的用法hair(头发,毛发)指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数);指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数):My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了.The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发.6)fruit的用法fruit(水果)作为集合名词,它通常是不可数的:He doesn’t eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果.He is growing fruit in the country. 他在乡下种水果.但是,当要表示种类时,它可视为可数名词,即a fruit 指一种水果,fruits 指多种水果.比较:Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚.3.非谓语动词或从句作主语时1)非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词用单数To improve agricultural land needs a lot of money.改善耕地质量需要投入大量的资金To see is to believeSwimming is a good way to keep healthHow they will solve the problem remains to be seenWhether she will come is not known2)多个非谓语动词作主语,表达一个概念谓语用单数,表达不同概念谓语用复数Going to be early and getting up early is good for your health.早睡早起一个概念Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.读书和打乒乓球Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important.To be strict with oneself and to be kind to others are good qualities of a person三、其他情况的主谓一致1.表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的复数名词作主语时常被看作是整体谓语动词用单数这类复数名词有:miles, dollars, pounds, kilograms公斤千克, kilometres公里, centimetres,厘米millimetres毫米, seconds, hours, years等Five dollars seems a fair price 是一个公道的价格Two kilometres is not very far for the young manFive hours is a short time for such a difficult job2.如果强调数目谓语动词用复数One hundred cents make a dollarMore than twenty years have passed since they got married.3.算数中的谓语动词一般用单数形式,有时也用复数Five times eight is/are fortyFour and eight makes/make twelveSixty minus seven leaves fifty-threeForty-eight divided by six is eight4.复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数Everyone something anybody nowhereEveryone in the class was surprised at the newsListen! Someone is knocking at the door.Is anyone going to tell him the news?5.each one of…, every one of …, anyone of…, one of…, 等作主语时谓语用单数Each of the girl in our class has a balloon 我们班每个女孩都有一个气球Each of the students was asked to speak for three minutes.Every one of them is familiar to me. 我对他们都很熟悉6.each , every 作形容词修饰主语时谓语动词用单数但是each 作复数主语的同位语时谓语用复数Each/Every boy in our class has a skateboard一副滑板They each have a stateboardEach/Every student has an English-Chinese dictionaryThe students each have an English-Chinese dictionary7.none of + 不可数名词谓语用单数none of,neither of, + 可数名词复数/复数代词+ 谓语动词单数复数都可either of ,None of that money in the desk is his 不可数名词None of his classmates knows the truth.= None of his classmates know the truthNeither of the statements is true = Neither of the statements are true 两种说法没有一个真实Either of the qualifications is acceptable = Either of the qualifications are acceptable8.neither 与either 做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数Either qualification is acceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受Neither qualification is acceptable9.分数百分数+ of + 名词,some of , plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all(of), half(of) 谓语常与of 后面的名词一致分数/百分数+ of + 复数名词/ 复数代词谓语动词用复数分数/百分数+ of + 单数名词/单数代词谓语动词用单数不可数名词Two thirds of the students support the plan复数名词One tenth of them are suffering from this kind of illness.复数代词Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea单数名词Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing百分数复数名词Thirty percent of its area is flooded each year.百分数单数名词The rest of the money belongs to youThe rest of the students speak for it.Half of the apple is rottenHalf of the apples are rotten10. “more than one + 单数名词”结构作主语,尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词用单数形式。