高考专题之形容词和副词

It is hot.
make it hot
2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语 形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用 程度副词修饰.大多数以a开头的形容词都属 于这一类.例如：afraid 害怕的.
(错)He is an ill man. (对)The man is ill.
(错)She is an afraid girl. (对)The girl is afraid.
study, the better you can learn it. For
example, Li Ping, a friend of 3 _m__in__e , is the 4 _m__o_s_t_hardworking student in our class, and he gets 5 _h_i_g_h_e_r(high) marks than any
6. 以-ll结尾时，只须加 –y，如： dull-dully; shrill-shrilly
需注意: 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。 如： friendly people; motherly care; lovely dog; monthly exam; heavenly peace
即学即用
other student in our class in every English test.
6 __L_e_d__(lead) by him, all the students in our class are studying English 7 _h_a_r_d_e_r _a_n_d_h__a_rd__er_ (越来越努力). As a result, in the latest English test, our class was the
study hard no matter what we learn.
链接高考
1. 形容词和副词是语法填空的必考点。 主要以“用括号中所给词的正确形式填 空”的形式考查考生。
⑴ 形容词是作定语、表语、补语的典型 词类。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子 缺定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形 容词。
⑵ 副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容 词、另一副词、介词短语或整个句子。 ⑶ 形容词和副词的比较等级的常用句型。
8 _b_e_t_t_e_r (good) of the two key classes in our school, and the number of students who got excellent marks is 9 _t_w__ic_e_a_s___ l_a_r_g_e_a_s_/_tw__ic_e_l_a_r_g_e_r_th_a_n_(两倍大) that of the other. Therefore, 10 __a_ll of us should
quick-quickly; polite-politely; sad-sadly;
imediate-immediately; recent-recently 2. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。 如：true-truly; due-duly 绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。 如： polite-politely; wide-widely;
这类词还有： well, unwell, ill, faint, afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake 等.
***形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前 边.但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语 时,要放在这些词之后。
副词
副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结 构。 一、副词的位置： 1） 在实义动词前后. 2） 在be动词、助动词之后. 3） 多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动 词后.
二、副词的排列顺序：
1） 时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后. 2） 方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或 but等连词连接.
Please write slowly and carefully. 3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时 间副词. 注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰 动词.
10. I don’t think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen _w_o_r_s_e_(bad). 意思是“我看过(比这部)更差的电影”。
单句改错
1. Different people have different attitudes to the value of honesty. According to me, nothing could be important.
程度副词：fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really
地点副词：here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, abroad, elsewhere
5.以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y，如：
simple-simply; considerableconsiderably; terrible-terribly
gentle-gently; possible-possibly; probableprobably; incredible-incredibly 元音字母加le时加 ly，如：sole-solely。但是 whole-wholly例外。
语篇填空
I don’t think it 1 __d_if_f_ic_u_l_t__(difficulty)
to learn English well, because as long as you work hard, you can learn it well. I believe
that the 2 __h_a_r_d_e_r(hard) you work at your
6. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his _b_e_s_t_-k_n_o_w__n_ (well-known) one. 因为是从他写的所有歌中选出一首来比 较，故用最高级。
7. Of the two coats, I’d choose the c_h_e_a_p_e_r (cheap) one to spare some money for a book. 因是两者比较，故用比较级。
方式副词：carefully, happily, quietly, heavily, warmly, correctly, politely, angrily
时间副词：today, yesterday, tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the day after tomorrw, last year, now, then, one year ago, soon, still, already,ever, now and then...
4. The new group of students is betterbehaved than the other group who stayed here __e_a_r_li_e_r_ (early). 与现在这组学生相比“更早的”。
5. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _b_e_tt_e_r (good) if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. 将“放入冰箱中冷冻”与“不放入冰箱 中冷冻”作比较，故用比较级。
wise-wisely;nice-nicely
3. 以“y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将“y” 改成“i”，再加“ly”，如：
happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angryangrily; busy-busily ; 但是如果读音为 / ai /， 直接加ly，如：
9. This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _l_e_s_s_(little) water and electricity than _o_ld_e_r_ (old) models. 由“environmentally friendly(有利于保护 环境的)”可知，这种洗衣机比“旧式的”洗 衣机用“更少的”水和电。
8. Work gets done __m__o_re__e_a_si_l_y_ (easily) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.
从and the rewards are higher too(得到的 回报也更高)得到启示，要用比较级，省 略了than when people don’t do it together。
注意：
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长, 副词可以提前,以使句子平衡.
We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
b. 方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放 在句尾.
He speaks English well.
一、单句填空 1. You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit __m_o_r_e_s_l_o_w_l_y_ (slowly)?
现在太快，问对方能否比现在更慢一点， 用比较级；由形容词加-ly变成的副词的 比较级，要在前面加more构成比较级。 常修饰比较级的a bit也提醒我们用比较 级。
dry-dryly; sly-slyly; shy---shyly 4.以ic 结尾的词，加ally，如：
economic-economically; basicbasically; scientific-scientifically; automaticautomatically; energetic-energetically; 但是 public-publicly 例外。
2. 短文改错中，本该用形容词时却用了 副词或本该用副词却用了形容词。
不论语法填空还是短文改错，都要 根据形容词和副词的基本用法判断。
形容词&副词
*形容词表示某一事物的特征,副词表示 某一动作的特征.
**形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形和 +er.
形容词
修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常, 可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两 类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是 性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修 饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语. 例如：hot water 热水.
形容词变副词的一般规则
形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规 律可循,请记住以下口诀： 一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y” 改i加，“le”结尾e改y。 分别举例如下： quick-quickly; true-truly; happy-happily; pssible-possibly.
具体规则如下： 1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如：
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2. Those who have _m_o_r_e_ (much) money than sense may sometimes act foolishly. 由关键词than可知用比较级。
3. Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as _la_r_g_e_ (large) as that of theirs. 在as…as结构之间，用原级。