英语翻译之合译法

Chapter 5 Combination（合译法）Objectives:＊To be aware of the major differences between Chinese sentence structures and English ones＊To know about a translating strategy- Combination＊To learn how to achieve good combination＊To practice using combination while translatingMain Contents＊Part I Warm-up Exercise＊Part II IntroductionTranslating Skill: Combination＊Part III Combination in E-C TranslationA. WordsB. PhrasesC. Idioms and SlangsD. Simple SentencesE. Compound SentencesF. Complex Sentences＊Part IV Combination in C-E Translation＊Part V ExercisesPart I Warm-up ExerciseDirections: Read the following sentences and try to put them into Chinese.1. In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be short and simple.2. He was very clean. His mind was open.3. She went back home to take care of her husband. He was seriously ill.4. It smelled a sweet, intense smell of fruit.5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?Part II IntroductionEnglish and Chinese differ greatly in sentence structure. If we follow the original sentence structure in translation, we may find it hard to reproduce the original thought. In addition to other ways to deal with this case, we may rearrange the sentence structure by integrating two words, phrases, or sentences into a single expression or a simple sentence.Combination is a technique employed to achieve conciseness and contractedness in translation. In combination , we have to determine what to combine, how to combine, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence.Part II Combination in E-C Translation （合译法在英译汉中的应用）A.Words （词的合译）This technique is used to integrate two words of close meaning into one expression. Examples:1. You will supply financial power, and we’ll supply man power. Isn’t that fair and square?译文：你们出钱，我们出人，这难道还不公平吗？2. His father is a man who forgives and forgets.译文：他的父亲非常宽容。

3. Her son was wise and clever, but her daughter was silly and foolish.译文：她的儿子非常聪明，可女儿却很笨。

4. He suffered aches and pains.译文：他遭受百般疼痛。

5. He is a man of culture and learning.译文：他是个很有学问的人。

Try to translate:1. He was kindly, generous and obliging.2. He was jealous and envious of his brother. He resented that his younger brother was sosuccessful.B.Phrases (固定词组的合译)Examples:1.All the ones we have seen here have four-star abilities with five-star ambitions.译文：我们在此看到的所有人都是些眼高手低之辈。

2.He threw on a coat and left home in a hurry.译文：他套上一件衣服，匆匆忙忙地离开了家里。

3.I was examined and re-examined.译文：我受到再三诘问。

4.Kino hurrying towards his house, felt a surge of exhilaration.译文：基洛加快步伐，兴致勃勃地朝自己家走去。

5. The sooner he changes his mind，the better for him.译文：还是越早叫他回心转意越好些。

Try to translate:1. He likes to make lengthy speech.2. It’s obvious that she is the one who stands out from the rest.C.Idioms and slangs（习语、谚语和俚语的合译）Examples:1.To be mindful of personal gains and losses译文：患得患失2.To be on thin ice译文：如履薄冰3.To be wild with joy译文：欣喜若狂4.Beyond cure译文：不可救药5.To blow one’s own horn译文：自吹自擂Try to translate:1. To call white black2. As easy as turning over one’s hand3. To fish in troubled watersD．Simple Sentences （简单句的合译）Examples:1. He has been ill for many years. He died in loneliness finally.译文：他病了很多年。

他最终在孤独中死去。

（√）他生病多年后孤独的死去。

2. The river is very wide. One cannot see the opposite bank.译文：那条河很宽。

一个人看不到对岸。

（√）河宽得看不到对岸。

3. He came back to his hometown. He has left it for quite many years.译文：他回到了他的故乡。

他离开它已经很多年了。

（√）他回到了阔别已久的故乡。

4. He was very stupid. He even didn’t know how to do the simple counting.译文：他很笨。

他甚至不懂做简单的算数。

（√）他笨得连简单的算数都不会。

5. There are men here from all over the country. Many of them are from the South. 译文：这里这些人都是从全国各地来的。

他们当中很多人是从南方来的。

（√）从全国各地来的这些人中有很多是南方人。

Try to translate:1. He took out a match and lit the candle. A light lit up the darkness.2. She wasn’t really listening. She was thinking about something else.3. We are all alike. We all have families.pound Sentences （并列复合句的合译）Examples:1.In 1844 Engles met Marx, and they became friends.译文：1844年恩格斯遇见马克思，然后他们成为了朋友。

（√）1844年恩格斯与马克思相遇并成了朋友。

2. The river ran down to Pisa from Florence, and then it reached the sea.译文：那条河从佛罗伦萨流到比萨，然后到达大海。

（√）那条河从佛罗伦萨流经比萨入海。

3. It was in mid-August, and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.译文：时间是八月中旬，维修人员在烈日下工作。

（√）八月中旬，维修人员在烈日下工作。

4. Mark wasn’t able to escape from the fire. Neither were the children.译文：马克没能从火里逃生。

孩子们也没能逃生。

（√）马克和孩子都没能从火里逃生。

5. The Post Office was helpful, and Marconi applied in June, 1896, for the world’s first radiopatent.译文：邮局提供了帮助，马可尼于1896年6月获得了世界上第一项无线电专利。