大宝山尾矿重金属形态及其潜在迁移能力

摘 要 以大宝山槽对坑尾矿库、新鲜尾矿排放口和铁龙尾矿库 3 个不同区域尾矿为研究对象，采用 Dold 七步分级化 学提取法研究了 4 种重金属 Cu、Pb、Zn、Mn 的化学形态特征，并分析了其潜在迁移能力。结果表明，Cu、Pb 在所有尾矿中以 原生硫化态和残渣态为主； Zn 在槽对坑尾矿和新鲜尾矿中以原生硫化态和残渣态为主，在铁龙尾矿中水溶态、可交换态、羟 基氧化铁态、铁氧化态和有机态增多，5 种形态所占百分比总和超过 40% ； Mn 在槽对坑尾矿样品中以残渣态为主，在新鲜 尾矿中以羟基铁氧化态、原生硫化态和残渣态为主，而在铁龙尾矿样品中以水溶态为主。在槽对坑和铁龙尾矿中，重金属 的潜在迁移能力顺序为 Mn ＞ Zn ＞ Cu ＞ Pb，在新鲜尾矿中为 Mn ＞ Cu ＞ Zn ＞ Pb； 不同采样点重金属潜在迁移能力顺序为： 铁 龙尾矿样品 ＞ 新鲜尾矿样品 ＞ 槽对坑尾矿样品。
第5卷 第6期 2011 年6 月
环境工程学报
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
Vol ． 5 ，No ． 6 Jun． 2 0 1 1
大宝山尾矿重金属形态及其潜在迁移能力分析
邢 宁 吴平霄* 李媛媛 党 志
（ 华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院，工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室，广州 510006）
Baidu Nhomakorabea关键词 大宝山 重金属 分级提取 形态分布 潜在迁移能力
中图分类号 X705 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1673-9108（ 2011） 06-1370-05
Analysis of chemical forms and potential mobility ability of heavy metals in tailings from Dabaoshan mine
Xing Ning Wu Pingxiao Li Yuanyuan Dang Zhi
（ The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters，Ministry of Education， College of Environmental Science and Engineering，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510006，China）
Abstract The tailing samples investigated in this study were collected from Caoduikeng tailing reservoir， fresh tailing outlet port and Tielong tailing reservoir in Dabaoshan mine area． The chemical speciation characteristics of Cu，Pb，Zn and Mn contained in tailing samples were determined by 7-steps sequential extraction method improved by Dold B，and then the potential migration abilities of these heavy metals were evaluated． The results showed that primary sulfides and residual state were the main form of Cu and Pb for all the tailing samples． The dominating chemical forms of Zn in Cao duikeng tailings and fresh tailings were primary sulfides and residual state，and for Tielong tailings，Zn species of water-soluble fraction，exchangeable fraction，Fe（ III） oxyhydroxides leach，Fe（ III） oxides leach，organics fraction increased and their total proportion exceeded 40% ． The residual state was the dominant form of Mn in Caoduikeng tailings，while for fresh tailings Mn species were found in the state of oxyhydroxides leach，the primary sulfides and the residues． And additionally water-soluble fraction of Mn species played the dominant roles in Tielong tailings． The mobility of these heavy metals in Caoduikeng tailings and Tielong tailings follows the order of Mn ＞ Zn ＞ Cu ＞ Pb，and in the fresh tailings the orders of their mobility was Mn ＞ Cu ＞ Zn ＞ Pb． The mobility of heavy metals for different areas follows the order： Tielong tailings ＞ fresh tailings ＞ Caoduikeng tailings．