天津商业大学英语专业课(题目及答案)2

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天津商业大学2023年硕士考试自命题科目试题：357英语翻译基础

天津商业大学2023年硕士研究生招生考试试题专业：英语笔译科目名称：英语翻译基础（357）共3页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

I.Answer the question in no more than 100 English words (20 points). Understanding and expressing in translation is an interactive process. Please comment on this statement.II.Translate the following into Chinese/English (30 points. One point each for 1-9.Two points each for 10-12).A.English to Chinese:1.Belarus2.Meiji Restoration3.permacrisis4.Video on Demand5.Real Estate Investment Trust6.Quantitative Easing7.institutional economics 8.diminishing marginal utility 9.Electronic Toll Collection10.Life is one fool thing after another whereas love is two fool things after each other.11.A poem should not mean. But be. 12.She fully enjoyed cakes and ale.B. Chinese to English:1.兼并收购2.病毒变异3.政府与社会资本合作4.区块链5.物联网6.企业家精神7.台湾问题8.非处方（药）9.七国集团10.政治意识11.大局意识12.中国式现代化新道路科目名称：英语翻译基础（357）共3页第2页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

2020年天津商业大学英语翻译基础考研真题附答案

2020年天津商业大学英语翻译基础考研真题I. Read the following passage and explain Venuti’s “Domesticating” strategy in no more than 100 English words. (20 points)This relationship points to the violence that resides in the very purpose and activity oftranslation: the reconstitution of the foreign text in accordance with values, beliefs and representations that pre-exist it in the target language, always configured in hierarchies of dominance and marginality, always determining the production, circulation, and reception of texts. Translation is the forcible replacement of the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text with a text that will be intelligible to the target language reader. (Lawrence Venuti 1995) II. Translate the following items into their respective target language. (30 points)1. biennial2. Aristotle3. ubiquitous4. mobile etiquette5. paradox6. brain drain7. baby-boomers8. Kublai Khan9. the Nile10. Gini coefficient11. downsizing, restructuring and outsourcing12. Jason, leader of the Argonauts in search of the Golden Fleece13. 垃圾邮件和钓鱼软件14. （网购）打分和评价15. 条形码16. 智库17. 新常态18. （股票）上市19. （公司间的）收购20. 大宗交易21. 住院和门诊服务22. “发展体育运动，增强人民体质”23. “百花齐放，百家争鸣”III.Translate the following two source texts into their respective target language. (100 points)Source Text 1: (50 points)How strange is the lot of us mortals! Each of us is here for a brief sojourn; for what purpose he knows not, though he sometimesthinks he sensesit. But without deeper reflection one knows from daily life that one exists for other people – first of all for those upon whose smiles and well-being our own happiness is wholly dependent, and then for the many, unknown to us, to whose destinies we are bound by the ties of sympathy. A hundred times every day I remind myself that my inner and outer life are based on the labors of other men, living and dead, and that I must exert myself in order to give in the same measure as I have received and am still receiving. I am strongly drawn to a frugal life and am often oppressively aware that I am engrossing an undue amount of the labor of my fellowmen. I regard class distinctions as unjustified and, in the last resort, based on force. I also believe that a simple and unassuming life is good for everybody, physically and mentally.I do not at all believe in human freedom in the philosophical sense. Everybody acts not only under external compulsion but also in accordance with inner necessity. Schopenhauer’s saying, “A man can do what he wants, but not want what he wants,”has been a very real inspiration to me since my youth; it has been a continual consolation in the face of life’s hardships, my own and others’, and an unfailing wellspring of tolerance. This realization mercifully mitigates the easilyparalyzing sense of responsibility and prevents us from taking ourselves and other people all too seriously; it is conducive to a view of life which, in particular, gives humor its due.To inquire after the meaning or object of one’s own existence or that of all creatures has always seemed to me absurd from an objective point of view. And yet everybody has certain ideals which determine the direction of his endeavors and his judgments. In this sense I have never looked upon ease and happiness as ends in themselves –this ethical basis I call the ideal of a pigsty. The ideals which have lighted my way, and time after time have given me new courage to face life cheerfully, have been Kindness, Beauty, and TruthSource Text 2: (50 points)《弗兰肯斯坦》登陆天津大剧院19 世纪初，诗人雪莱的第二任妻子玛丽•雪莱在同时期的诗人拜伦的鼓励下创作了小说《弗兰肯斯坦》，故事讲述狂热的科学家弗兰肯斯坦和他用不同尸块重新组合造出的一个怪物之间的故事。

2013年天津商业大学712基础英语考研试题

2013年天津商业大学712基础英语考研试题A专业专业：：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称课程名称：：基础英语基础英语（（712）说明说明：：答案标明题号写在答题纸上答案标明题号写在答题纸上，，写在试题纸上的无效写在试题纸上的无效。

I Vocabulary & Structure (每小题1分，共20分)Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. (每小题1分，共20分)* 答案写法：1-----5 a b c d a 6-----10 a b c d a1．The usher bowed deeply and_______ a long, almost musical sigh, when I showed him the invitation which the mayor had sent me.a.heavedb. grinnedc. poppedd. lurched2． Some people want to _______ the monument, while others want to preserve it so that the young generation could not forget the tragic history.a.demolishb. annihilatec. wreckd. ruin3． The middle school student has a ______ for collecting Japanese cartoon pictures, which takes him plenty of time.a.frenzyb. deliriumc. hysteriad. mania4． The current production methods will soon be rendered _______since new and better ways are said to be invented.a.ancientb. antiquec. obsoleted. archaic5． Modern enterprises are facing fierce competition so they are eager to have a team of pioneering humanity and ______.a.aggressivenessb. aggressionc. invasiond. belligerence6． Her bracelet is one of the several valuable gifts _____ on her when she visited the royal family.a.grantedb. bestowedc. awardedd. confirmed7． Small children are often___________ to nightmares after hearing ghost stories in the dark.a.definitiveb. perceptiblec. incipientd. susceptible8． Many astronomers think the universe is continuing to evolve from a _________ cloud of gas.a.polyphonyb. primalc. primordiald. primogeniture9． Sheep, cattle and antelope are __________; unlike dogs and cats, they show no interest in meat.a.voraciousb. omnivorousc. carnivorousd. herbivorous10． Vincent Van Gogh ’s rise to __________ fame as one of the world ’s great artists came despite the fact that he scarcely sold a single painting during his lifetime.a.posthumousb. postmodernc. postmortemd. posterior11． The boys did not take the apples with any _______ intent, they were just hungry and did not know any better.a.malnourishedb.malefactorc.malignd.malicious12．The whole family was _________ by nature, and there were bitter legal battles over the will.a.acquisitiveb. inquisitivec. requisitiond. perquisite13．Gone was the fierce_______ of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire.a.fervorb. emotionc. intelligenced. strength14．The trees along the main street were________ with rags and plastic bags after the terrible hurricane.a.destroyedb. chainedc. festoonedd. covered15．The earth is actually vulnerable, but so far we seem _________ of the fragility of the earth’s natural systems.a.awareb. obliviousc. consciousd. suspicious16．Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of _________ reality.A.that is conceived b.that is being conceived ofc.what it is conceivedd.what is conceived to be17．After the funeral, the residents of the apartment building _________.a.sent faithfully flowers all weeks to the cemeteryb.sent to the cemetery each week flowers faithfullyc.sent flowers faithfully to the cemetery each weekd.sent each week faithfully to the cemetery flowers18．4. Not until Kentucky’s Mammoth Cave had been completely explored in 1972 _______.a.when was its full extent realizedb.that its full extent realizedc.was its full extent realizedd.the realization of its full extent19．I know he failed his last test, but really he’s _________ stupid.a.something butb. anything butc.nothing butd. not but20．His remarks were ________ annoy everybody at the meeting.a.so as tob. such as toc. such tod. as much as toII Proof Reading and Error Correction (每小题2分，共10分)Directions: In this passage there are altogether 5 mistakes in the five numbered and underlined sentences. Try to detect the mistakes and write out your corrected answers on the answer sheet.。

天津商业大学专升本英语

天津商业大学英语专业课专升本辅导2007英语综合技能测试卷型Grammar (20%>Multiple choice.V ocabulary (20%>Multiple choice. Derivatives (20%>Fill in the blanks.Translation (30%>It has been divided into two parts: 1> Translate into Chinese。

2> Translate into English.Prepositions and adverbs (20%>Fill in the blanks (phrases, collocations, etc. >Error correction (20>Single sentences with one error in each. Reading Comprehension (40%>Multiple choice. (CET Band 4>Writing (30%>Write a composition of about 300 words in accordance with the requirements.12月29日语法辅导100题1. Professor Johnson is said ________ some significant advance in his research in the past year.A. having madeB. makingC. to have madeD. to make2. The business is risky. But _____ we succeed we would be rich.A. shouldB. wouldC. mightD. must3. Reading is to the mind _____ food is to the body.A. whatB. thatC. whoseD. which4. He went away whistling, the dusty old book ______ beneath his arm.A. tuckingB. to be tuckedC. tuckedD. having tucked5. I like watching TV ______ to the cinema.A. more than goingB. than goingC. rather than to goD. more than to go6. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _______ obtaining water is not the least.A. for whichB. asC. whichD. of which7. The tape recorder ______ out of order, the students did not know what to do.A. wasB. beingC. has beenD. was being8. At three o'clock this morning, I seemed _______ someone scream in the street.A. hearingB. having heardC. to have heardD. to hear9. That is the robber _______ arrest a reward was offered.A. for whomB. for whoseC. about whomD. about whose10. ________ their luggage, the group of tourists hurried to the airport.A. PackedB. After packedC. PackingD. Having packed11. Not until a monkey is several years old _______ to exhibit signs of independence from its mother.A. it does beginB. when it beginsC. does it beginD. before it begins12. The salary of a skilled worker is much higher _________.A. than that of a teacherB. than a teacherC. in comparison with a teacherD. when compared to a teacher13. Though her father never approved of _______ to drama school, she became a well-known actress.A. goingB. her to goC. her goingD. her go14. _______ their help, we would not have succeeded.A. Hadn't been forB. Had it not been forC. It hadn't been forD. Had not it been for15. I don't like _____ bills but when I do get them I like ____ them promptly.A. to get。

商务英语天津大学作业答案.doc

商务英语复习题I.Define the Following Concepts with Accurate Words.1.motivation4.technology life cycle5.autonomous strategic action6.Management7.Management function8.Planning9.Leading 10 Controlling11.strategic management12.mission statement 13.SWOT analysis14.grand strategypetitive advantageII.Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese:1. Knowing when and where to change from one stance to the other and having the power to make the shift are the core of the art of high-tech management.2.Ethical people are generally trustworthy, fair and impartial, respecting the rights of others and concerned about their actions' impact on society.3.Through efficient acquisition and utilization of resources, scientific operation management will enable the organizations to produce higher quality products and services at prices that meet or beat those of their rivals.4.The work is characterized by market research, product development, advertising, distribution and services, all of which involve the transmission and reception of5.With modem systems, there's a consistent trail from a customer-even from a customer's customers一back through an organization to suppliers.6.Because a sophisticated MIS significantly alters the quantity and quality of information, an effective MIS will improve management decision-making capability.7.In this step, the actual system for collecting, storing, transmitting and retrieving information is developed.8.Reengineering is radical and it attempts to achieve a significant improvement in processes so that contemporary customer requirements of quality, speed, innovation, customization, and service are met.9.Business using strategic-management concepts showed significant improvement in sales, profitability, and productivity compared to firms without systematic planning activities.10. A flexible manufacturing system can give an organization a competitive advantage by allowing it to produce a wider variety of products, at a lower cost, and in considerably less time than the rivals.11. A carefully prepared statement of mission is widely recognized by both practitioners and academicians as the first step in strategic management.12.For business strength, the index includes factors such as the company's relative market share, price competitiveness, product quality, customer and market knowledge, sales effectiveness, and geographic advantages.13.A merger occurs when two or more firms combine into one through an exchange of stock and acquisition is accomplished through a payment of cash or stock or some combination of the two from one company to another so as to buy it.14.Various approaches can be applied: avoidance (ignoring the problem), defusing (accentuating similarities and common interests), and confrontation (exchanging members of conflicting parties to appreciate the opposing views).III.Put These Phrases into English:1、全面质量管理2^劳动力多元化3、以最低的成本4、合法目标5、用权变的观点6、工作满意度7、组织承诺8、报酬的数量和分配10、以团队为基础的结构或矩阵结构IV.Specify the Contents1.Formal communication will be adopted whena. ______________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________2.1n the early years of the 20th century, the four main managerial approaches are:a. ______________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________d. ______________________________________________________________3.If the manager of a small business wants to manage well, he should put the emphasis on the following 4 functions:a. ______________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________d. ______________________________________________________________4.List three main characteristics of the grapevine.a. ______________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________5.Individual projects can be classified into five types.a. ___________________________________________________________b. ___________________________________________________________c. ___________________________________________________________d. ___________________________________________________________e. ___________________________________________________________6.An organization's structure can be expressed bya. ______________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________d.7.The most popular communication forms are:a. _______________________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________________8.The development teams can be classified into four types.a. ____________________________________________________________b. ____________________________________________________________c. ____________________________________________________________d. ____________________________________________________________9.The three approaches to design control systems are:a. _______________________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________________c. _______________________________________________________________10.List the characteristics of effective control system.a. _______________________________________________________________d _________________________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________________11 .The strengths of heavy weight team structure are:a. ____________________________________________________________b. ____________________________________________________________The weaknesses of heavy weight team structure are:a. ____________________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________________12.Leaders are classified as heavyweights in two respects.a. ____________________________________________________________b. ____________________________________________________________13.Study the communication process. Find six essential phases that make communication possible.a. _______________________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________________c _________________________________________________________________d. _______________________________________________________________e. _______________________________________________________________f. _______________________________________________________________14.List six features of communication barriers.a. _______________________________________________________________b. _______________________________________________________________c. _________________________________________________________________15. The advantages of functional development team structure are:a. ___________________________________________________________b. ___________________________________________________________c. ___________________________________________________________ three elements that work situations frequently contain to generate rumors.a. _________________________________________________________________b. _________________________________________________________________c. _________________________________________________________________17.Tell the difference between a tall organizational structure and a flat one.a.Tall: _____________________________________________________________b.Flat: _____________________________________________________________18.The negotiation process is made of seven aspects:a. _________________________________________________________________b. _________________________________________________________________c. _________________________________________________________________d. _________________________________________________________________e. _________________________________________________________________f. _________________________________________________________________ g- __________________________________________________________________ four types of interview questions.c. _________________________________________________________________ V.VocabularyRead the following sentences carefully and then choose one word or phrase that has the same meaning as the italicized word or phrase.motivate 1. Financial pressures the firm to cut back on spending.A. facilitatedB. impelledC. benefitedD. encouraged conflict 2. The National Security Council has met to discuss ways of preventing military.A. disputeB. disorderC. argumentD. disagreement temporary 3. The bridge fell down and a one was put in its place.A. transitoryB. resistantC. permanentD. fleetingsensory 4. In a serious accident, the victim's brain has an ability to accelerate to several times normal speed.A. perceptualB. sensitiveC. sensibleD. sensual designate 5. He the place where we were to meet.A. choseB. preparedC. mark clearlyD. set up attributes 6. The healing of medical herbs are greatly improved bymeans of this specialized process.A propertiesB characteristicsC alternativesD programs presentation 7. She gave a systematic of their newly developedproduct to the conferees yesterday.A statementB evaluationC forumD appraisal blend 8. The workmen _____ s and, gravel, and cement to make concrete.A. addB. mixC. integrateD. divide dwindle 9. During his long sickness, his savings ___ as the medical billscame one after another.A. spentB. deductedC. diminishedD. dissolved revenue 10. The Managing Director was unsatisfied with the company's ____ t his year, which failed to reach the target.A. fundB. overheadsC. subsidiesD. income答案：I.Define the Following Concepts with Accurate Words.1.Motivation refers to the willingness to exert high levels of effort toward organizational goals, conditioned by the effort's ability to satisfy some individual need.2.Conflict is a process that begins when on party gives response to the perception that another party had negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect something the first party cares about.3.Technology strategy can be defined as an evolutionary organizational learning process, which highlights the links between technological competencies and capabilities, technology strategy, and experience.4.TLC refers to the evolution of technology from the idea stage through development to exploitation by direct sales.5.Autonomous strategic actions refer to activities in support of the firm's existing business, which comprises improvement in existing products and processes.6.Management refers to the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people.7.Management functions refer to planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.8.Planning involves defining the organization's objectives or goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving these goals, and developing a comprehensive hierarchy of plans to integrate and coordinate activities.9.Leading holds that managers should motivate subordinates, direct the activities of others, select the most effective communication channel, or resolve conflicts among members.10.Controlling is the process of monitoring activities to ensure that they are being accomplished as planned, and of correcting any significant deviations.11 .Strategic management is defined as the art and science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objectives.12.Mission statement is the long-term mission of an organization in terms of what it wants to be and whom it wants to serve.13.SW0T analysis: the analysis of the firm's external opportunities and threats as well as the recognition of its internal strengths and weaknesses.14.Grand or all-encompassing strategies chiefly fall in three directions — corporate growth strategies; corporate stability strategy; and corporate retrenchment strategies. petitive advantage refers to the advantage which may withstand actions of competitors or evolutionary changes in the industry.II.Translate the Following Sentences into Chinese:1、知道何时何地从一种姿态变为另一种姿态以及具有进行这种转变的能力是高技术管理艺术的核心。

天津商业大学2020年《211翻译硕士英语》考研专业课真题试卷

天津商业大学2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题专业：英语笔译硕士专业学位翻译硕士英语（211）共9页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

I. Choose the one answer that that best explains the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (20 points).1. With mutually cherished memories, pure love, and an unyielding promise. I promise in my own name totake on all her love, hope and grief forever and forever.A. desiredB. plannedC. anticipatedD. envisaged2. Outraged netizens disseminated photos of the incident, forcing Mr. Phuc to apologize- a rare step for asenior official in Vietnam’s authoritarian regime.A. scatteredB. dissolvedC. pesteredD. prowled3. Profoundly troubling signs from human activities, including but not limited to growing livestockpopulations, global tree cover loss and higher carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.A. effluentB. dischargeC. preservationD. reservation4. With its decision on Oct 15 to not ban Huawei from building its 5G network, the German governmenthas shown admirable courage and independence under mounting pressure and intimidation from the United States administration.A. humiliationB. violationC. threatD. danger5. They may be right on some indicators, but by hoping that the private sector would help alleviate theclimate crisis, they are at best being naïve, and at worst reflecting their helplessness.A. increaseB. mitigateC. proceedD. stimulate6. In ancient times, the Chinese people took the Start of Winter to be the beginning of the winter. In fact,the Start of Winter in not the beginning of winter in terms of meteorology. The climate every year is different, so the beginning of winter could be quite different. And with the vast territory of China, winter in every area doesn’t begin at the same time.A. biologyB. aerographyC. geologyD. astrology7. Financial consultants acknowledge that the value of common stock is inherently changeable.A. relativelyB. intrinsicallyC. consequentlyD. accordingly8. Titled “Colorful Maritime Silk Road and Mutual Learning Among Civilizations”, the six-day event willfeature cultural performances, forums on artistic development and exhibitions of international intangible cultural heritages related to the Maritimes Silk Road.A. changeableB. untouchableC. valuableD. variable9. Estimates are that Tianjin’s Binhai new area will by 2020 have seen the relocation there of over 1,200corporate headquarters, financial institutions and high-end industries with an investment worth 400 billion yuan.A. reinforcementB. re-positionC. re-accommodationD. reformation10. The first Morin Khuur festival concluded on Sept 8 at Inner Mongolia Arts University in Hohhot, InnerMongolia autonomous region. Around 50 Chinese and international experts and scholars participated in forums at the event to discuss the development of the Morin Khuur and related events.A. attendedB. debatedC. discussedD. cooperated。

天津商业大学2023年硕士考试自命题科目试题：211翻译硕士英语

天津商业大学 2023 年硕士研究生招生考试试题专业：英语笔译科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

I.Vocabulary and grammarChoose the one best answer from A B C D to complete each of the following sentences. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (25 points).1.Pop idol Wang Yuan, 21, encouraged young people to try to make breakthroughs and thediversity of life.A.eliminateB. incorporateC. possessD. embrace2.She is frequently distracted from her work by the bird’s, and takes numerous photos of themagainst the backdrop of the gate.A.ridiculeB. chirpingC. grinningD. crying3.Such measures have allowed the of cross-provincial tours in many regions, increasing the desireto travel.A.resumptionB. interceptC. reconstructionD.interference4.They fly northwest to Mongolia, then west over Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, the Junggar Basin－a large area in northwestern China－and then enter Central Asia.plementaryB. metalliferousC. ascendingD.sedimentary5.Exercising with a friend requires commitment and , Andre Bates, of Barry's Bootcamp, whichholds group exercise classes across the UK, says.A.contentmentB. complexionC. accountabilityD. compunction6.In late June, a study published in the international journal Movement Ecology showed the migrationroutes and preferred habitats of birds for the first time.A.contemporaryB. controversyC. migratoryD. imaginary7.The draft was submitted to the ongoing session of the Standing Committee of the NationalPeople's Congress, China's top legislature, for initial review on Thursday.A.amendmentB. complementC. commitmentD. impairment8.The approved the secretary, deputy secretaries and members of the Standing Committee of theCentral Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC elected at the first plenary session of the 20th CCDI.A.conferenceB. congressC. plenumD. correspondence9.According to Song, the core of lies in high-quality development, innovation and integration,with integration being of vital importance.A.verifiabilityB. capabilityC. reliabilityD. sustainability10.The 22nd PIP Festival kicked off on Sept 19 in the UNESCO world cultural site known for itswell-preserved ancient architecture.A.defaultB. heritageC. variationD. accusation11.The signature at the bottom was totally and I can’t make out what it is.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 2 页A.illegibleB. genuineC. implicitD. inventive12.In addition to channeling job information to the labor force, the government has also carried out actionsto protect people's working rights by improving the labor system and regulating illegal behaviors such as discrimination and defaulting on salaries.A.assistanceB. modificationC. judgementD. arbitration13.The inhabitants in the deep mountains were to find that the quake had completely destroyed theroads towards the outside world.A.promptedB. prejudicedC. dismayedD. questioned14.Colorful leaves in autumn have decorated Yuanming Mountain in Haigang of Qinhuangdao,Hebei province, attracting tourists in droves to enjoy the picturesque landscape.A.zoneB. areaC. districtD. region15.The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China presents a broad, ambitiousand hopeful for China.A.imperceptibilityB. speculationC. agendaD. agency16.before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should sign the contract of 50 million pounds.A.Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arrive17.After having suffered from online bullying, Christina died of cardiopathy, lying in a shabby coffin withher face .A.being paleB. paleC. to be paleD. having been pale18.the family is undergoing fundamental change is generally accepted, but this does not necessarilymean that research and action designed to understand and improve relationships in families lack merit.A.WhatB. BecauseC. ThatD. Whether19.The Russian defense ministry said it written guarantees from Kyiv not to use the Black Sea graincorridor for military operations against Russia.A.had receivedB. would have receivedC. receivedD. were to receive20.With all the different CRM software companies a wide variety of features and prices, it can bechallenging to narrow down your search and decide which CRM software is best for your business.A.offeredB. offeringC. having offeredD. are offering, and that was not to say she had 21.Maria claimed that she didn’t need the marten fur coat,the intention of protecting wild animals.A.nor could she afford itB. and nor could she afford itC. neither could affordD. and she could neither afford it22.“Go down the road you find a space free,” said the camper.A.whenB. beforeC. as soon asD. until23.Prestigious he is all across the world, President Xi Jinping, with a modest and amiable attitude,holds a welcoming ceremony for visiting Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu Hassan at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Thursday.A.butB. whenC. likeD. as24. conventional black ink costs newspapers about thirty cents a pound, most rub resistant inksadd at least ten cents more per pound to the bill.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 3 页A.MeanwhileB. MoreoverC. FurthermoreD. While25.the major contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.A.ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. OnceII.ClozeIn this section, there is a passage with 15 blanks. You are required to select out one word for each blank from the 20 choices given in a word bank. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (15 points).A. minority;B. racism;C. financing;D. unremitting;E. Chinatown;F. 25-cents;G. hyphenated;H. advocate;I. breadth; J. majority; K. obstacles; L. 25-cent;M. reinforces; N. finance; O. hyphenating; P. leading;Q. stereotype; R. opponent; S. momentous; T. spannedAn undated proof image shows the likeness of Asian American actress Anna May Wong, to be cast on the fifth 1 coin in the American Women Quarters (AWQ) Program to be issued by the US Mint. The news of Chinese American actress Anna May Wong becoming the first Asian American to appear on US currency has been met with excitement and hope from the Asian American community.The US Mint began shipping quarters featuring Wong for circulation on Monday.“Anna May Wong was a descendent of Chinese immigrants who was born and grew up in the US in the early 20th century. Her 2 pursuit of ideals and hard work, as well as her unwavering belief enabled her to win achievements and recognition in the film and television industry,” Cai Chenghua, president of the All- American Chinese Association, said.Anna May Wong was born Wong Liu Tsong on Jan 3, 1905, in Los Angeles. She is considered the first Chinese American movie star in Hollywood. Despite having a substantial acting career that 3 silent film, sound film, television, radio and theater, Wong had to constantly battle the brazen 4 that dominated Hollywood in her time.In announcing the decision to depict Wong’s image on the quarter, the US Mint said Wong was chosen for being “a courageous 5 who championed for increased representation and more multi-dimensional roles for Asian American actors”.“This quarter is designed to reflect the 6 and depth of accomplishments by Anna May Wong, who overcame challenges and 7 she faced during her lifetime,” Mint Director Ventris Gibson said in a statement on Oct 17.Wong is one of five women being honored in the American Women Quarters Program, which seeks to highlight the accomplishments and contributions of American women. The other four honorees are: writer Maya Angelou; Sally Ride, an educator and the first American woman in space; Wilma Mankiller, the first woman elected principal chief of the Cherokee Nation; and Nina Otero-Warren, a key figure in New Mexico’s women’s suffrage movement.As a 8 woman, Wong fought bravely against the odds in life, Cai said. He also commended Wong’s solidarity with the Chinese, noting that she had deep feelings for China as a descendant of Chinese科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 4 页immigrants. Wong donated her jewelry collection to help 9 the Chinese effort during the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he said.“We hope that more Wong Liu Tsongs will emerge in the US, who, while achieving success in their career, also care deeply about their hometown and contribute to the society,” Cai said.Wong was born to second-generation Taishanese Chinese American parents in Los Angeles, just one block north of 10. She fell in love with films and acting at a young age. At age 17, Wong got her first 11 role in The Toll of the Sea. However, despite her talents as an actress, Wong was often offered supporting roles of stereotypical Asian characters in films, such as an exotic slave girl or a “dragon lady”, a 12 depicting Asian women as strong, fierce and deceitful.Throughout her career, Wong consistently pushed for greater representations of Asian American actors. Her hard work bore fruit. Wong was given the part of a prominent and sympathetic Chinese American doctor in The King of Chinatown in 1939. Her role in that film was considered a breakthrough for Wong and other Asian American actors. In 1960, Wong became the first Asian American actress to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, about a year before she died of a heart attack at age 56.Bing Chen, co-founder of Gold House, a nonprofit focused on elevating Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders to lead and succeed in culture and commerce, called the new quarter 13 and praised Wong as a star “for generations” in an interview with The Associated Press. However, Chen noted that anti-Asian hate incidents and lack of representation in the media persist now.“In a slate of years when Asian women have faced extensive challenges —from being attacked to objectified on screen to being the least likely group to be promoted to corporate management — this currency 14 what man y of us have known all along: (they’re) here and worthy,” Chen said in a statement to The Associated Press.“It’s impossible to forget, though, as a 15 community, that Asian Americans constantly struggle between being successful and being seen,” he added.III.Reading comprehensionTwo sections are included in this part. Section A consists of some multiple-choice questions and Section B consists of some short answer questions. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (30 points).Section A Multiple Choice QuestionsIn this section there are three passages followed by thirteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Passage 1The most important question in 21st-century economics may well be what to do with all the superfluous people. What will conscious humans do, once we have highly intelligent non-conscious algorithms(算法) that can do almost everything better?Throughout history the job market was divided into three main sectors: agriculture, industry and services. Until about 1800, the vast majority of people worked in agriculture, and only a small minority worked in industry and services. During the Industrial Revolution people in developed countries left the fields and herds. Most began working in industry, but growing numbers also took up jobs in the services sector. In recent科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 5 页decades developed countries underwent another revolution, as industrial jobs vanished, whereas the services sector expanded. In 2010 only 2 percent of Americans worked in agriculture, 20 percent worked in industry, 78 percent worked as teachers, doctors, webpage designers and so forth. When mindless algorithms are able to teach, diagnose and design better than humans, what will we do?This is not an entirely new question. Ever since the Industrial Revolution erupted, people feared that mechanisation might cause mass unemployment. This never happened, because as old professions became obsolete, new professions evolved, and there was always something humans could do better than machines. Yet this is not a law of nature, and nothing guarantees it will continue to be like that in the future. Humans have two basic types of abilities: physical abilities and cognitive abilities. As long as machines competed with us merely in physical abilities, you could always find cognitive tasks that humans do better. So machines took over purely manual jobs, while humans focused on jobs requiring at least some cognitive skills. Yet what will happen once algorithms outperform us in remembering, analysing and recognising patterns?The idea that humans will always have a unique ability beyond the reach of non-conscious algorithms is just wishful thinking. The current scientific answer to this pipe dream can be summarised in three simple principles:anisms are algorithms. Every animal — including Homo sapiens — is an assemblage of organic algorithms shaped by natural selection over millions of years of evolution.2.Algorithmic calculations are not affected by the materials from which you build the calculator. Whether you build an abacus from wood, iron or plastic, two beads plus two beads equals four beads.3.Hence there is no reason to think that organic algorithms can do things that non-organic algorithms will never be able to replicate or surpass. As long as the calculations remain valid, what does it matter whether the algorithms are manifested in carbon or silicon?True, at present there are numerous things that organic algorithms do better than non-organic ones, and experts have repeatedly declared that something will “forever” remain beyond the reach of non-organic algorithms. But it turns out that “forever” often means no more than a decade or two. Until a short time ago, facial recognition was a favourite example of something which even babies accomplish easily but which escaped even the most powerful computers on earth. Today facial-recognition programs are able to recognise people far more efficiently and quickly than humans can.In the 1980s when people discussed the unique nature of humanity, they habitually used chess as primary proof of human superiority. They believed that computers would never beat humans at chess. On 10 February 1996, IBM’s Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov, laying to rest that particular claim for human pre-eminence. In February 2015 a program developed by Google DeepMind learned by itself how to play forty-nine classic Atari games.In the nineteenth century the Industrial Revolution created a huge new class of urban proletariats. In the twenty-first century we might witness the creation of a new massive class: people devoid of any economic, political or even artistic value, who contribute nothing to the prosperity, power and glory of society.In September 2013 two Oxford researchers, Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne, published “The Future of Employment”, in which they surveyed the likelihood of different professions being taken over by computer algorithms within the next twenty years. The algorithm developed by Frey and Osborne to do the calculations estimated that 47 percent of US jobs are at high risk. For example, there is a 99 percent probability that by 2033 human telemarketers and insurance underwriters will lose their jobs to algorithms.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 6 页There is a 98 percent probability that the same will happen to sports referees, 97 percent that it will happen to cashiers and 96 percent to chefs. Waiters — 94 percent. Paralegal assistants — 94 percent. Tour guides —91 percent. Bakers — 89 percent. Bus drivers — 89 percent. Construction labourers — 88 percent. Veterinary assistants — 86 percent. Security guards — 84 percent. Sailors — 83 percent. Bartenders — 77 percent. Archivists — 76 percent. Carpenters — 72 percent. Lifeguards — 67 percent. And so forth. There are of course some safe jobs. The likelihood that computer algorithms will displace archaeologists by 2033 is only 0.7 percent, because their job requires highly sophisticated types of pattern recognition, and doesn’t produce huge profits. Hence it is improbable that corporations or government will make the necessary investment to automate archaeology within the next twenty years.Of course, by 2033 many new professions are likely to appear, for example, virtual-world designers. But such professions will probably require much more creativity and flexibility than your run-of-the-mill job, and it is unclear whether forty-year-old cashiers or insurance agents will be able to reinvent themselves as virtual-world designers (just try to imagine a virtual world created by an insurance agent!). And even if they do so, the pace of progress is such that within another decade they might have to reinvent themselves yet again. After all, algorithms might well outperform humans in designing virtual worlds too. The crucial problem isn’t creating new jobs. The crucial problem is creating new jobs that humans perform better than algorithms.The technological bonanza will probably make it feasible to feed and support the useless masses even without any effort on their side. But what will keep them occupied and content? People must do something, or they will go crazy. What will they do all day? One solution might be offered by computer games. Unnecessary people might spend increasing amounts of time within 3D virtual-reality worlds, which would provide them with far more excitement and emotional engagement than the drab reality outside. Yet such a development would deal a mortal blow to the liberal belief in the sacredness of human life and of human experiences. What’s so sacred in useless bums who pass their days devouring artificial experiences in La La Land?Some experts and thinkers warn that humankind is unlikely to suffer this degradation, because once artificial intelligence surpasses human intelligence, it might simply exterminate humankind. The AI is likely to do so either for fear that humankind would turn against it and try to pull its plug, or in pursuit of some unfathomable goal of its own. For it would be extremely difficult for humans to control the motivation of a system smarter than themselves.Even preprogramming the system with seemingly benign goals might backfire horribly. One popular scenario imagines a corporation designing the first artificial super-intelligence, and giving it an innocent test such as calculating π. Before anyone realises what is happening, the AI takes over the planet, eliminates the human race, launches a conquest campaign to the ends of the galaxy, and transforms the entire known universe into a giant super-computer that for billions upon billions of years calculates π ever more accurately. After all, this is the divine mission its Creator gave it.1.Which of the following statements is NOT correct?A.In 2010 only 2 percent of Americans worked in agriculture.B.In 2010, 20 percent of Americans worked in industry.C.In 2010, 78 percent of Americans worked in industry.D.In 2010, 78 percent of Americans worked in services.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 7 页2.According to modern science, which of the opinions is NOT true?A.Every animal is an assemblage of organic algorithms.B.AI is non-organic algorithms.anic algorithms can do better than non-organic algorithms.D.There is no reason to think that organic algorithms can do things that non-organic algorithms will never be able to replicate or surpass.3.What’s the job mostly possibly substituted by AI by 2033 according to the Oxford researchers?A.sports refereesB. telemarketers and insurance underwritersC. cashiersD. archaeologists4.If by 2033, many jobs were substituted by AI, which of the situations is possible according to the writer?A.New professions are likely to appear.B.People will live in the virtual world.C.Some run-of-the-mill jobs which don’t need creativity and flexibility will appear.D.The crucial problem is creating any new job that anybody can do.5.People who will be substituted by AI are called “useless masses” by the author. Which of the following facts is NOT true about these people?A.They will spend a lot of time playing computer games.B.They might spend increasing amounts of time within 3D virtual-reality worlds.C.They enjoy their life full of leisure and no work.D.They are considered to be useless bums by the author.Passage 2It is cultural knowledge coming from a thorough familiarity with the culture in which a language is spoken rather than mere —if that is the word —mastery of the language. Any literary translator frequently encounters reminders of the difference between knowing the language and knowing the culture.It is tempting to assume that a profound acquaintance with the grammar, syntax, and vocabulary of a foreign language suffices to qualify one as literary translator. Equally essential, perhaps more essential, is a comprehensive appreciation of the culture that produced the work. Language has locus — it is spoken in and reflects a specific setting and will vary from place to place even within comparatively small distances. Culture shapes and changes a language, sometimes separating rather than uniting. Instances of a single word having opposite meanings in two countries that share a language are rare, but differences in usage are common.Admittedly, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between incomplete proficiency in the SL and insufficient knowledge of that language’s culture. Because even the latest dictionary is out o f date before it is printed —neology always outpaces lexicography —a deep immersion in the SL culture, if not indispensable, is highly desirable.Except for those fortunate enough to be born into an environment where more than one language is spoken, becoming bilingual —as opposed to merely extremely fluent in a second language —is quite difficult. Becoming bicultural is even more of a challenge. What does true biculturalism entail? To begin with, it means that the individual is equally at home in two cultures, adapted to both, and able to change from one to the other without experiencing culture shock or psychological dislocation. For the vast majority of bicultural persons, this means having lived in both societies, usually during the formative years.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 8 页Even so, problems may arise. We are all familiar with individuals who, though bilingual after a fashion, are not truly bicultural. For example, someone who left Colombia at the age of eleven to come to the United States is likely to speak perfect English and may be culturally American. Even though he or she may speak grammatically correct, unaccented Spanish, it is often the Spanish of an eleven-year-old, innocent of the richness of vocabulary and breadth of expression that characterizes the adult native speaker. This is because the immigrant’s first-language development was arrested at the age at which he or she left the birth culture. Even those who have receive a college education in the new culture may find themselves ill prepared to discuss technical or philosophical matters in their native language, which easily doing so in their “adopted” tongue.The problem also arises in trying to achieve a posteriori biculturalism. By definition, it is virtually impossible. To fully understand a culture, means living it. A Greek, say, who comes to the United States with the idea of becoming part of a new nation will, after some years, understand the America way of doing things, the English language, and most of the tacit cultural cues. Although he will retain his command of the Greek language, his knowledge of his native culture begins to ossify the moment he boards the plane or boat.To be truly bicultural means to perceive in a unique way the signs, symbols, and even taboos of both cultures; to pick up signals even at a subconscious level; and to share in the collective unconscious. The bicultural person reacts to cues not merely intellectually but with affect. Another point separating the bicultural from the bilingual individuals is that the former has internalized certain elements of the two cultures to which the merely bilingual are unlikely to ever be exposed.Given that we are either bicultural or not, how do the 99.9% of us who are not bicultural work toward minimizing our cultural ignorance to become better translators? Can the bilingual or the merely fluent close the cultural gap sufficiently? With dedication and effort, the answer is yes. Some concrete suggestions:1.To live in the SL culture for as long as possible — a minimum of six months, preferably a year or more -- and to take “refresher” trips at frequent intervals. While there, immerse yourself in the popular culture. Learn something about cockfights, go to the bullring, attend a soccer game. Talk to children and elementary school teachers.2.To read as much as possible from the SL culture — not only the material to be translated, which no rmally meets high literary standards, but newspapers and magazines as well. Don’t overlook films, especially those produced in the SL culture. Movies and television have the added advantage of providing a visual dimension to what might otherwise be an ambiguous referent.3.To cultivate contacts with members of the SL culture both in your home country and abroad, to consult when doubts emerge.6.According to the passage, the following statements are true EXCEPT .A.Becoming bilingual is difficult.B.Becoming bicultural is more difficult than becoming bilingual.C.Becoming bicultural is easier than becoming bilingual.D.To become bicultural, a deep immersion in the SL culture is necessary.7.Which of the following claims is NOT the author’s opinion?A.For the vast majority of bicultural persons, this means having lived in both societies, usually during the formative years.B.An adult who moves to a foreign country and has a great mastery of both its language and culture, can科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共11 页第 9 页not be considered bicultural because his knowledge of his native culture ossifies.C.A child who moves to another country at a young age and can speak fluently both his mother tongue and another language, is not necessarily bicultural.D.If a person can speak two languages fluently, he must be bicultural.8.According to the author, what does to be truly bicultural mean?A.to perceive in a unique way the signs, symbols, and even taboos of both culturesB.to speak fluently two languagesC.to pick up signals even at a subconscious levelD.to share in the collective unconscious9.Which of the following suggestions for the translators given by the author is NOT true according to the passage?A.To live in the SL culture for as long as possible, at least 6 months and taking frequent refresher trips.B.While staying in the SL culture, to immerse oneself in its “high” culture, such as museums, theatres, galleries, etc.C.To read as much as possible from the SL culture, not only the material to be translated, but newspapers and magazines.D.To make friends with members of SL culture and to consult them if doubts emerge.Passage 3A third to a half of the population are introverts — a third to a half. So that’s one out of every two or three people. All of them subject to bias that is pretty deep and real in our society. We all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we’re doing. But now here’s where the bias comes in. Our most important institutions, our schools and our workplaces, they are designed mostly for extroverts and for extroverts’ need for lots of stimulation. And also we have this belief system right now that can be called the new groupthink, which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a v ery oddly gregarious place.In fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude. It’s only recently that we’ve strangely begun to forget it. If you look at most of the world’s major religions, you will find seekers — Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad — who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness, where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community. So, no wilderness, no revelations.This is no surprise, though, if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology. It turns out that we can’t even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions. Even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you’re attracted to, you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that’s what you’re d oing.You might be following the person with the best ideas, but you might not. And do you really want to leave it up to chance? Much better for everybody to go off by themselves, generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics, and then come together as a team to talk them through in a well-managed environment and take it from there.Now if all this is true, then why are we getting it so wrong? Why are we setting up our schools this way, and our workplaces? And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time? One answer lies deep in our cultural history. Western societies, and in particular the U.S., have always favored the man of action over the “man” of contemplation. But in America’s early days, we lived in what。

2013年天津商业大学英语专业考研真题及答案解析

2013年天津商业大学英语专业考研真题及答案解析专业：英语专业课程名称：第二外国语（日语）（240）共9页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

一、下線の付いたカタカナを漢字に直しなさい。

（１点×１０＝１０点）１．王さんは張さんとビジュツカンへ行きました。

２．田中さんの奥さんは台所でショッキを洗います。

３．私たちは富士山のチョウジョウまで登りました。

４．京都には有名なお寺やテイエンがたくさんあります。

５．ヤキュウは日本でたいへん人気があります。

６．コゼニがありませんから、1万円でお釣りをください。

７．キッサテンへコーヒーを飲みに行きます。

８．田中さんは頭痛がして、ショクヨクがありません。

９．ラッシュ・アワーの電車はとてもコンザツします。

１０．秋の紅葉と春の桜は日本の代表的なフウブツです。

二、次のa.b.c.dから正しい読み方を選びなさい。

（１点×１０＝１０点）１．操作a.そさb.そうさくc.そうさd.そさく２．渋滞a.じゅうたいb.じゅんたいc.じゅうだいd.じゅんだい３．握手a.あくてb.あくしゅc.おくしゅd.おくて４．赤字a.あかじb.せきじc.あかしd.ぜきじ专业：英语专业课程名称：第二外国语（日语）（240）共9页第2页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

５．部品a.ぶぴんb.ふひんc.ぶひんd.ぷひん６．相談a.そうたんb.そうだんc.ぞうたんd.ぞうだん７．遠慮a.えんりょb.えんりょうc.げんりょd.げんりょう８．言葉a.えんようb.げんぱc.ことようd.ことば９．風邪a.ふうじゃb.かぜじゃc.ふじゃd.かぜ１０．手伝うa.でつだうb.てつだうc.てづだうd.でづだう三、次のa.b.c.dから正しい漢字の書き方を選びなさい。

（１点×１０＝１０点）１．駅のばいてんで新聞を買いました。

a.売店b.買店c.配店d.賣店２．よく売れるのはおかし、たばこ、雑誌です。

2010--2015年天津商业大学基础英语考研真题及答案解析

2010--2015年天津商业大学基础英语考研真题及答案解析专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：基础英语（713）A共12页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的一律无效。

I Vocabulary(每小题1分，共30分)Directions:In each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.1.The current production methods will soon be rendered_______since new and better ways are said to be invented.a.ancientb.antiquec.obsoleted.archaic2.Modern enterprises are facing fierce competition so they are eager to have a team of pioneering humanity and______.a.aggressivenessb.aggressionc.invasiond.belligerence3.The director of personnel administration brought Jim into his office to______him over the coals for being late so often.a.scoldb.criticizec.blamed.call4.I dream it better for a child to be treated severely all the time than to have parents who keep______about from kindness to cruelty.a.wanderingb.lingeringc.shiftingd.chopping5.Attending regularly and taking an active part in class argument or discussion ______for20%of your mark for the academic year.a.makeb.allowc.countd.amount6.It is a commonly held opinion that criticism is a study by which men grow important and______at very small expense.a.formidableb.indolentc.gallantd.gullible7.Rhenium is regarded as a valuable ingredient in certain alloys because it ______the effects of high temperatures.a.abatesb.counterbalancesc.abashesd.withstands8.The most_______of all bird nests is the large,domed communal structure built by social weaverbirds.a.affableb.elaboratec.desolated.intricate9.The______habits and mournful cries of owls have made them objects of superstition for some people.a.nostrilb.noxiousc.nocturnald.nomadic10.Researchers were delighted nonetheless with the new information they were able to_______from their investigation of the comet.a.gleanb.gropec.implored.refrain11.Prudence,indeed,will dictate that government long established should not be changed for light and______causes.a.sensibleb.circumspectc.aversed.transient12.Diffusion may be defined as the______spreading of matter caused by the random movement of molecules.a.simultaneousb.spontaneousc.instantaneousd.presumptuous13.for most allergies,the best treatment is______of the brothersome substances from the sensitive person’s environment.a.dissipationb.deviationc.eliminationd.pacification14.To pull a personality together takes inner reserves of power of power______ from beyond oneself.a.assimilatedb.accumulatedc.congregatedd.infiltrated15.The amenities of civilization are left behind when an individual______on a camping trip in a remote area.a.entailsb.ensnaresc.entreatsd.embarks16.It should be well remembered that only when conditions become critical are we ______in using drastic measures.a.verifiedb.justifiedc.testifiedd.rectified17.Do you know the reason why pawnbrokers______that they make most money when people redeem their jewellery?a.adhereb.agitatec.reckond.reproach18.In order to win the presidential election,the candidates vie with each other in ______a team of the brightest minds available.a.summoningb.recollectingc.congestingd.recruiting19.Animals or persons that behave in a fierce,cruel or savage way are usually referred to as_______.a.ferociousb.ferrousc.impetuousd.judicious20.A self-sufficient farmer must indeed be_______so as to grow crops,care for animals,build fences,and repair tools and barns.a.outlandishb.versatilec.secludedd.robust21.The terrible railroad accident impressed me so much that I have been unable to _____all memories of it for decades of years.a.renounceb.mollifyc.obliterated.discard22.At the marked ball organized by the community quite a few people were dressed in surprisingly______clothing.a.graciousb.authenticc.egregiousd.eccentric23.The young math teacher gave her students extra work to do because she was ____by all the noise and talking in the classroom.a.exasperatedb.aggregatedc.perturbedd.assailed24.Her bracelet is one of the several valuable gifts_____on her when she visited the royal family.a.grantedb.bestowedc.awardedd.confirmed25.The ward councilor Tony Jones warned yesterday that the drive to clean up the Oxford Road area is being______by the criminal justice system itself.a.hamperedb.prohibitedc.restrictedd.reserved26.The Galbraiths were a gregarious and family,probably descended from the Ancient British royal house of Strathelyde.a.proliferateb.promotivec.prolificd.propagable27.In1945he worked for Hambro’s Bank,touring the Middle East to report on ___diamond trading.a..elicitb..illiberalc.illuminantd.illicit28.Some people want to_______the monument,while others want to preserve it so that the young generation could not forget the tragic history.a.demolishb.annihilatec.wreckd.ruin29.The middle school student has a______for collecting Japanese cartoon pictures, which takes him plenty of time.a.frenzyb.deliriumc.hysteriad.mania30.During the French Revolution crowds in the street______at the prisoners being driven to the guillotine.a.gibeb.scoffc.jeerd.sneerII Error Correction(每小题2分，共20分)Directions:In this passage there are altogether10mistakes.Try to detect the mistakes and write out your corrected answers on the answer sheet.(1)I am not speaking the mere filth.One expects steel towns to be dirty.What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness,the sheer revolting monstrousness, of every house in sight.From East Liberty to Greensburg,a distance of twenty-five miles,there was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the eye.(2)There was not one which was not misshapen.(3)The country itself is not uncome,despite the grime of the endless mills.(4)It is,in form,a narrow river valley, with deep gullies run up into the hills.It is thickly settled,but noticeably overcrowded.There is still plenty of room for building,even in the larger towns.(5) Obviously,if there were architects of any professional sensation or dignity in the region,they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides.(6)But what they have done?This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards,with a narrow, low-pitched roof.They are incomparable in design.It is as some titanic and aberrant genius,uncompromisingly inimical to man,had devoted all the ingenuity of hell to the making of them.They show grotesqueries of ugliness that,in retrospect,become almost diabolical.(7)Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners—dull,insensate brutes,with no love of beauty in them?Then why didn’t these foreigners set up similar abominations in the countries where they came from? But in the American village and small town the pull is always towards ugliness,and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion.(8)It is incredulous that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.(9)However,on certain levels of the American race,there seems to be a positive libido for the ugly,as on other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful.(10)It is impossible to put down the wallpaper that defaces the average American home of the lower middle class with mere inadvertence,or the obscene humor of the manufacturers.This is resulted from a kind of psychological disease—a libido for the ugly.III Reading Comprehension(共40分)1.Directions:Give an answer to each of the questions listed at the end of the following passage in about100words.(每小题10分，共20分)My own sex,I hope,will excuse me,if I treat them like rational creatures, instead of flattering their fascinating graces,and viewing them as if they were in a state of perpetual childhood,unable to stand alone.I earnestly wish to point out in what true dignity and human happiness consists—I wish to persuade women to endeavor to acquire strength,both of mind and body,and to convince them that the soft phrases,susceptibility of heart,delicacy of sentiment,and refinement of taste, are almost synonymous with epithets of weakness,and that those beings who areonly the objects of pity and that kind of love,which has been termed its sister,will soon become objects of contempt.Dismissing,then,those pretty feminine phrases,which the men condescendingly use to soften our slavish dependence,and despising that weak elegancy of mind,exquisite sensibility and sweet docility of manners,suppose to be the sexual characteristics of the weaker vessel,I wish to show that elegance is inferior to virtue,that the first object of laudable ambition is to obtain a character as a human being,regardless of the distinction of sex,and that secondary views should be brought to this simple touchstone.This is a rough sketch of my plan,and should I express my conviction with the energetic emotions that I feel whenever I think of the subject,the dictates of experience and reflection will be felt by some of my readers.Animated by this important object,I shall disdain to cull my phrases or polish my style;I aim at being useful,and sincerity will render me unaffected;for,wishing rather to persuade by the force of my arguments than dazzle by the elegance of my language,I shall not waste my time in rounding periods,nor in fabricating the turgid bombast of artificial feelings,which,coming from the head,never reach the heart.I shall be employed about things,not word!And,anxious to render my sex more respectable members of society,I shall try to avoid that flowery diction which has slided from essays into novels,and from novels into familiar letters and conversation.These pretty superlatives,dropping glibly from the tongue,vitiate the taste,and create a kind of sickly delicacy that turns away from simple unadorned truth;and a deluge of false sentiments and overstretched feelings,stifling the natural emotions of the heart,render the domestic pleasures insipid,that ought to sweeten the exercise of those severe duties,which educate a rational and immortal being for a nobler field of action.The education of women has,of late,been more attended to than formerly,yet they are still reckoned a frivolous sex,and ridiculed or pitied by the writers who endeavor by satire or instruction to improve them.It is acknowledged that they spend many of the first years of their lives in acquiring a smattering of accomplishments:meanwhile strength of body and mind are sacrificed to libertine notions of beauty,to the desire of establishing themselves—the only way women can rise in the world—by marriage.And this desire making mere animals of them, when they marry they act as such children may be expected to act—they dress,they paint,and nickname God’s creatures.Surely these weak beings are only fit for a seraglio!—Can they be expected to govern a family with judgment,or take care of the poor babes whom they bring into the world?If then it can be fairly deduced from the present conduct of the sex,from the prevalent fondness for pleasure which takes place of ambition and those nobler passions that open and enlarge the soul:that the instruction which women have received has only tended,with the constitution of civil society,to render them insignificant objects of desire—mere propagators of fools!—If it can be proved that in aiming to accomplish them,without cultivating their understandings,they are taken out of their sphere of duties,and made ridiculous and useless when theirshort-lived bloom of beauty is over.I presume that rational men will excuse me for endeavoring to persuade them to become more masculine and respectable.Indeed the word masculine is only a bugbear:there is little reason to fear that women will acquire too much courage or fortitude,for their apparent inferiority with respect to bodily strength,must render them,in some degree,dependent on men in the various relations of life;but why should it be increased by prejudices that give a sex to virtue,and confound simple truths with sensual reveries?Women are,in fact,so much degraded by mistaken notions of female excellence, that I do not mean to add a paradox when I assert,that this artificial weakness produces a propensity to tyrannize,and gives birth to cunning,the natural opponent of strength,which leads them to play off those contemptible infantile airs that undermine esteem ever whilst they excite desire.Let men become more chaste and modest,and if women do not grow wiser in the same ratio,it will be clear that they have weaker understandings.It seems scarcely necessary to say,that I now speak of the sex in general.Many individuals have more sense than their male relatives;and, as nothing preponderates where there is a constant struggle for an equilibrium, without it has naturally more gravity,some women govern their husbands without degrading themselves,because intellect will always govern.Questions:(1)How does the author relate diction and style to the cause of women’s rights?(2)With what details does the author convey her view on marriage?2.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question among the four choices.(每小题2分，共20分)Passage1When television is good,nothing—not the theatre,not the magazines,or newspapers—nothing is better.But when television is bad,nothing is worse.I invite you to sit down in front of your television set when your station goes on the air and stay there without a book,magazine,newspaper,or anything else to distract you and keep your eyes glued to that set until the station signs off.I can assure you that you will observe a vast wasteland.You will see a procession of game shows,violence, audience participation shows,formular comedies about totally unbelievable families, blood and thunder,mayhem,more violence,sadism,murder,Western badmen, Western good—men,private eyes,gangsters,still more violence,and cartoons.And, endlessly,commercials that stream and cajole and offend.And most of all,boredom. True,you will see a few things you will enjoy.But they will be very,very few.And if you think I exaggerate,try it.Is there no room on television to teach,to inform,to uplift,to stretch,to enlarge the capacities of our children?Is there no room for programs to deepen the children’s understanding of children in other lands?Is there no room for a children’s news show explaining something about the world for them at their level ofunderstanding?Is there no room for reading the great literature of the past,teaching them the great traditions of freedom?There are some fine children’s shows,but they are drowned out in the massive doses of cartoons,violence,and more violence. Must these be your trade marks?Search your conscience and see whether you cannot offer more to your young beneficiaries whose future you guard so many hours each and every day.There are people in this great country.And you must serve all of us.You will get no argument from me if you say that,given a choice between a Western and a symphony,more people will watch the western.I like Westerns and the private eyes, too—but a steady diet for the whole country is obviously not in the public interest. We all know that people would often prefer to be entertained than stimulated or informed.But your obligations are not satisfied if you look only to popularity as a test of what to broadcast.You are not only in show business;you are free to communicate ideas as well as to give relaxation.You must provide a wider range of choices,more diversity,and more alternatives.It is not enough to cater to the nation’s whims—you must also serve the nation’s needs.The people own the air. They own it as much in prime evening time as they do at6o’clock in the morning. For every tend to see that your debt is paid with service.1.The author’s attitude toward television is one of________a.sullennessb.reconciliationc.determinationd.hopelessness2.The wasteland referred to describe________.a.western badmanb.average television programc.the morning showsd.children’s programs3.Concerning programs for children,many believe that programs should __________.a.eliminate cartoonsb.provide culturec.be presented at certain periods during the dayd.eliminate commercials4.The statement that“the people own the air”implies that_________.a.citizens have the right to insist on worth—while television programsb.television should be socializedc.the government may build above present structuresd.since air is worthless,the people own nothing5.It can be inferred from the passage in regard to television programming that the author believes_______.a.the broadcasters are trying to do the right thing but are failingb.foreign countries are going to pattern their programs after oursc.there is a great deal that is worthwhile in present programsd.the listeners do not necessarily know what is good for them.Passage2Those examples of poetic justice that occur in medieval and Elizabethan literature,and that seem so satisfying,have encouraged a whole school of twentieth-century scholars to“find”further examples.In fact,these scholars have merely forced victimized characters into a moral framework by which the injustices inflicted on them are,somehow or other,justified.Such scholars deny that the sufferers in a tragedy are innocent;they blame the victims themselves for their tragic fates.Any misdoing is enough to subject a character to critical whips.Thus,there are long essays about the misdemeanors of Webster’s Duchess of Mali,who defied her brothers,and the behavior of Shakespeare’s Desdemona,who disobeyed her father.Yet it should be remembered that the Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly protests that injustice of the severe penalties issued to women for acts of disobediences that men could,and did,commit with virtual impunity.And Shakespeare,Chaucer,and Webster often enlist their readers on the side of their tragic heroines by describing injustices so cruel that readers cannot but join in protest.By portraying Griselda,in The Clerk’s Tale,as a meek,gentle victim who does not criticize,much less rebel against the persecutor,her husband Walter,Chaucer incites readers to espouse Griselda’s cause against Walter’s oppression.Thus,efforts to supply historical and theological rationalizations for Walter’s persecutions tend to turn Chaucer’s fable upside down,to deny its most obvious effect on readers’sympathies.Similarly,to assert that Webster’s Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose to marry the man she loved and to bear their children is,in effect, to join forces with her tyrannical brothers,and so to confound the operation of poetic justice,of which readers should approve,with precisely those examples of social injustice that Websters does everything in his power to make readers condemn. Indeed,Websters has his heroine so heroically lead the resistance to tyranny that she may well inspire members of the audience to imaginatively join forces with her against the cruelty and hypocritically morality of her brothers.Thus Chaucer and Webster,in their different ways,attack injustice,argue on behalf of the victims,and prosecute the prosecutors.Their readers serve them as a court of appeal that remains free to rule,as the evidence requires,and as common humanity requires,in favor of the innocent and injured parties.For,to paraphrase the noted eighteenth-century scholar,Samuel Johnson,despite all the refinements of subtlety and dogmatism of learning,it is by the common sense and compassion of readers who are uncharacters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan literature, as in any other literature,can best be judged.6.According to the passage,some twentieth-century scholars have written at length about______.a.Walter’s persecution of his wife in Chaucer’s The Clerk’s Taleb.the duchess of Malfi’s love for her husbandc.the tyrannical behavior of the Duchess of Malfi’s brothersd.the actions taken by Shakespeare’s Desdemona7.It can be inferred from the passage that the author considers Chaucer’s Griselda to be_______.a.an innocent victimb.a sympathetic judgec.an imprudent persond.a strong individual8.The author’s tone in her discussion of the conclusions reached by the“school of twentieth-century scholars”is best described as_______.a.plaintiveb.philosophicalc.disparagingd.apologetic9.As described in the passage,the process by which some twentieth-century scholars have reached their conclusions about the blameworthiness of victims in medieval and Elizabethan literary works is most similar to which of the following?a.Derivation of logically sound conclusions from well-founded premises.b.Accurate observation of data,inaccurate calculation of statistics,and drawing of incorrect conclusions from the faulty statistics.c.establishment of a theory,application of the theory to illfitting data,and drawing of unwarranted conclusions from the data.d.development of two schools of thought about a factual situation,debate between the two schools,and rendering of a balanced judgment by an objective observer 10.The author’s paraphrase of a statement by Samuel Johnson serves which of the following functions in the passage?a.it furnishes a specific exampleb,it articulates a general conclusionc.introduces a new topicd.It provides a contrasting perspectiveIV Cloze(每空2分，共20分)Directions:Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with one suitable word to complete the passage.Many Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card.They give their owners automatic credit in stores,restaurants,and hotels,at home,across the country and even abroad,and they make many banking services____1____as well.More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically,making___2__possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations,whether or not the local branch bank is open.For many of us the“cashless society”is not____3___the horizon—it’s already here.While computers offer these conveniences to consumers,they have many advantages for sellers too.Electronic cash registers can do much more thansimply ring up sales.They can keep a wide___4____of records,including who sold what,when,and to whom.This information allows businessman to____5____track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving.Decisions to recorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made.At the same time these computers record____6____hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient,allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be ___7____accordingly.And they also identify preferred customers for promotional puters are relied on by manufacturers for similar____8____. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now,which to develop for the future,and which to puters keep track of goods stock,of raw materials on____9___,and even of the production process itself.Numerous other commercial enterprises,from theatres to magazine publishers,from gas and electric utilities to milk processors,bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the___10___of computers.V Writing(共40分)Directions:You are required to write,in English,an article of a minimum of500 words with the following topic:The Importance of Critical Thinking in My Future Study专业课的复习和应考有着与公共课不同的策略和技巧，虽然每个考生的专业不同，但是在总体上都有一个既定的规律可以探寻。

天津商业大学语言学及翻译(A)

如果您喜欢这份文档，欢迎下载！祝成绩进步，学习愉快！天津商业大学2018年研究生入学考试试题专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

Part I Linguistics(100marks)I.Studying linguistics,we have come across a lot of technical terms, some of which are listed below.Please write out the most acceptable definitions for each of them.(10%)a)language;b)linguistics;c)morphology:d)duality;e)intercultural communication:f)sociolect;g)syntax;h)synonyms;i)pragmatics;j)speech communityII.Studying linguistics we have been acquainted with many linguists,five of whom are listed below.Write out a phrase that may best represent their contributions to linguistics.（10%）a)Edward Sapir;b)Noam Chomsky;c)M.A.K.Hallidayb)d)H.P.Grice;e)Leonard Bloomfield专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第2页III.Linguistics as a specified discipline has its own technical ways of operation.Try to fill the blanks to demonstrate your technical sense of linguistics.(15%)1.Please give the corresponding sound segments according to thedescriptions:voiceless labiodental fricative:a)________;voiced alveolar stop:b)_________front,close,short:c)__________2.Prescriptive and descriptive represent two different types oflinguistic study.If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use,it is said to bed)____________;if the linguistic study aims to lay down rulesfor“correct and standard”behavior in using language,i.e.to tell people what they should say and what they should not say,it is said to be e)_________.Modern linguistics is mostlyf)__________.3.What functions does language perform?Three main functions are often recognized of language.The g)___________function, also referred to differently as the cognitive,or referential,or propositional function,is assumed to be the primary function of language.The h)______________function,also called the专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第3页emotive or attitudinal function,supplies information about the user’s feelings,preferences,prejudices,and values.And the i)____________function,also referred to as the interpersonal function,serves to establish and maintain social relations between people.4.There are4maxims in Cooperative Principle,namely,the maxim of j)__________,the maxim of k)_________,the maxim of l)__________and the maxim of manner.5.Over the time many words remain in use,but their meanings have changed.There are three processes of semantic change, namely semantic m)______________,(when the meaning of a word becomes broader,for example,the word holiday,which originally meant“holy day”or“a day of religious significance”,but now it signifies any day on which people don’t have to work);semantic n)_________________(when the semantic change has narrowed the meaning of some words which are still used in Modern English, for example,girl,once meaning“young person of either sex”,now refers to“young person of the female sex”)and semantic o) ____________(when a word undergoes a change in meaning,for example,the word inn refers to a small hotel or pub,usually an old one,but now a well-known nice hotel may use inn as its name).专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第4页IV.To be a student of linguistics,it is important to develop a sense of critical thinking.Please answer the following questions to demonstrate your critical potentials.(35%)nguage exists in time and changes through time.Thedescription of a language at some point of time in history is a synchronic study;the description of a language as it changes through time is a diachronic study.Which approach enjoys priority in modern linguistics?And why?2.The distinction between langue and parole was made in theearly20th century.Why was this distinction made?3.The classic semantic triangle was suggested by Ogden andRichards to explain the relationship between words and things.What is the shortcoming of this triangle?4.First consider the following sentence:Tom is rich but he is not greedy.Then answer the question:what conventional implicature can you get about rich people from this utterance?And which word (or words)helps you get such an implicature?专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第5页5.First read the following passage:Tianjin to start winter heating early as cold front continues Xinhua|Updated:2017-10-3015:5TIANJIN--North China's city of Tianjin turn on its central heating Wednesday,15days earlier than in previous years,to combat a cold front affecting the region.The city government made the announcement Monday. Temperatures in Tianjin have dropped nearly20℃due to the recent cold front,and the chilly weather has been accompanied by strong winds.The city has adjusted the time to turn on the central heating several times in the past.Then try to analyze the passage in terms of field of discourse,tenor of discourse and mode of discourse.专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第6页V.Write two short essays on the following topics to demonstrate your potential of doing linguistics.(30%)1.Read the following passage first and then try to compare thedifferences in addressing between Chinese and English-speaking people.In many English-speaking countries,people address each other by just using their first names,e.g.Tom,Michael,Ellen,or Sophie. This is particularly true in the United States,where equality is greatly valued on different levels of social life.Therefore,it is not strange for a student to call his or her teachers by their first name or a mother-in-law to be called in the same way by her daughter-in-law, although some seniors may prefer to be called by their surname.2.The following two passages will reveal how language can vary inthe degree of formality:Passage A:It has been noted with concern that the stock of books in the library has been declining alarmingly.Students are asked to remind themselves of the rules for the borrowing and return of books,and to bear in mind the needs of other students.Penalties for overdue books will in the future be strictly enforced.专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第7页Passage BThe number of books in the library has been going down.Please make sure you know the rules for borrowing,and don’t forget that the library is for everyone’s convenience.So from now on,we’re going to enforce the rules strictly.You have been warned!Passage A is obviously more formal than Passage B.Now please compare the two passages and try to point out,with examples, what makes Passage A more formal.Part II Translation(50points)VI.Please translate the following passage into Chinese.(25points) With decades of hard work,socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era.This is a new historic juncture in China’s development.This is what socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era means: The Chinese nation,which since modern times began had endured so much for so long,has achieved a tremendous transformation—it has stood up,grown rich,and become strong;and it now embraces the brilliant prospects of rejuvenation.It means that scientific socialism is full of vitality in21st century China,and that the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is now flying high and proud for all to see.It means that the path,the theory,the system, and the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics have kept developing,blazing专业：外国语言学及应用语言学课程名称：语言学及翻译（804）共8页第8页a new trail for other developing countries to achieve modernization. It offers a new option for other countries and nations who want to speed up their development while preserving their independence; and it offers Chinese wisdom and a Chinese approach to solving the problems facing mankind.VII.Please translate the following passage into English.(25points)孔子学院(Confucius Institute)是中国在世界各地设立的教育和文化交流机构。

基础英语_天津商业大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年

基础英语_天津商业大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1. A horse isthan a dog.答案:much heavier2.That big roomfor meeting.答案:is used3.-Do we have to take off our shoes before we come in?-No, you.答案:needn’t4.She doesn’t speakher friend, but her written work is excellent.答案:as well as5.They waitedit was dark before leaving;theydidn’t want anyone to see themleave.答案:until; as6.The placeinterested me most was the Children’s Palace.答案:which7.I lost a book,I can’t remember now.答案:whose title8.This is the magazineI copied the paragraph.答案:from which9.The number of the people whocarsincreasing.答案:own; is10.Mr. Smith came here to look for someone, but I didn’t knowwas the one hewas looking for.答案:who11.He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioninghis teammateshad done.答案:what12.Which of the following expressions is NOT appropriate when answering aphone call?答案:Who are you? Why are you calling?13.What’s the correct translation for “要到餐厅，你先要穿过广场，再向南走”?答案:To get to the canteen, you need to cross this square and go south.14.I am thinking about taking a training class _____ figure skating. (我正在考虑参加花样滑冰的训练课程)答案:for15.-- Would you like to tell me what this book is mainly about?---________________________.答案:Yes. It mainly describes her wish to see.16.---And I’m going to be a basketball player like Yao Ming. That’s my dream.________?(那你的梦想呢？)--- _________ a dancer (我想成为一名舞蹈家). I like dancing very much.答案:What about you; I’m going to be17.在英语国际音标（IPA认读表）中有8个双元音。

天津商业大学357英语翻译基础22考研真题+23大纲解析

天津商业大学 2022 年硕士研究生招生考试试题专业：英语笔译科目名称：英语翻译基础（357）共3页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

I.Please answer the following in no more than 100 English words. (20 points)There is widespread agreement that developing translation competence is a fundamental objective of any translation programme. To achieve such a purpose, we need to have a clear understanding of the following questions:What is translation competence?How can it be built and developed?Now please supply your answers to these questions.II.Translate the following into Chinese/English. (30 points. 1-12 one point each; 13 three points; 14 one point; 15-18 two points each; 19-20 three points each)1.vax2. inclusive financing3. pro-business relief policies4. Convention on Biological Diversity5. contact-free economy6. negative list7. Unilateralism8. antitrust legislation9. concave function 10. corporate identity 11. diseconomies of scale12.The grass is greener on the other side.13.It is what you read when you don’t have to that determines what you will be when you can’t help it.14. 冬残奥会 15. 百年大党............... 16. 个体工商户17. 长三角一体化......... 18. 众志成城抗疫情19.当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局。

天津商业大学211翻译硕士英语22考研真题+23大纲解析

天津商业大学 2022 年硕士研究生招生考试试题专业：英语笔译科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第1页说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。

I.Choose the one answer that best explains the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. Write youranswers on the ANSWER SHEET (20 points).1.Cross-Straits tensions is not to ease until Taiwan independence’s provocations cease.A.evocationB. offenceC. aggravationD. challenge2.Snow turned Datong into a serene white fairy-tale world.A.perfectB. tranquilC. pureD. crystal3.China’s dramatic economic growth and social development under the guidance of the CPC havee nthralled the international community.A.motivatedB. movedC. charmedD. interested4.None of the vaccinated patients had serious symptoms caused by Delta during the epidemic outbreak inGuangzhou in May.A.signsB. diseaseC. sicknessD. discomfortst year，the figure reached a staggering 498.2 billion yuan.A.absorbingB. shockingC. appealingD. attracting6.Despite the ongoing suspicion, demonization, and counterproductive rivalry, it is not a mathematicalformula whereby the developing nations get certain amounts of sanctions relief.A.act of condemningB. act of describing somebody as foeC. act of praisingD. act of describing somebody as evil7.The long-term ideals and ambitious goals have enabled the CPC to jump out of the fetters of pragmatismand utilitarianism.A.fenceB. trammelsC. jailD. dilemma8.The clothes are cheap，but she wears them with a certain swagger.A.jactitationB. proudC. strutD. profoundness9.Singapore will no longer pay the Covid-19 medical bills for people “unvaccinated by choice”, thegovernment said, as the country grapples with a surge in cases.A.strugglesB. wranglesC. graspsD. tangles10.The immediate past U.S. president waged a war against us with a lethal dose of tariffs, the impact ofwhich still lingers on American consumers’w allets.A.convenientB. sparseC. enormousD. fatal11.Except under special circumstances, groundwater that is not replenished easily should not be exploited.pletedB. supplementedC. replacedD. alternated12.Increased activity by these groups can also lead to increased state corruption and contribute to thee rosion of state stability.A.corrosionB. developmentC. foundationD. ulceration13.Giant pandas are playing and foraging inside the Shenshuping base of China Conservation and ResearchCenter for the Giant Panda in Wolong National Nature Reserve.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 2 页A.rollingB. harassingC. seeking foodsD. seeking water14.Geopolitical concerns are creating pressures for economies to reduce their supply dependence onindividual countries while decoupling is already underway in important high-tech industries.A.isolatingB. associatingC. disclosingD. dissociating15.It has z oomed in on provincial-level data to provide better insight into China’s climate and healthproblems in different regions.A.focusedB. accumulatedC. stimulatedD. indulged16.His 8-year-old younger brother also succumbed to the disease in less than two months.A.receivedB. accustomedC. surrenderedD. defeating17.It may not have been the most sustainable leadership strategy, but of course, Steve Jobs bucked muchof management conventional wisdom.plimentaryB. contradictoryC. supportableD. continual18.Although we don’t have enough reliable data to compare whether the U.S. or China has suffered more,it is all but certain that retaliatory tariffs have caused economic pain to both parties.A.overchargedB. unbalancedC. vindicatoryD. dangerous19.This year’s Singles Day shopping extravaganza has stirred up consumers’ purchasing e nthusiasm.A.intentionB. indulgenceC. lustD. appetency20.Among the city’s 17 national-level intangible cultural heritages, 10 are crafts and folk arts.A.disconnectedB. incomprehensibleC. discarnateD. inevitableII.In each of the following sentences, there are four underlined parts, marked with A, B, C and D. Identify the part that is grammatically incorrect. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET (10points).1.Environmental experts are urging those US politicians opposed to a key international agreement set asideA B Ccommercial interests in order for the country to join the pact aimed at preserving biodiversity.D2.The billionaire CEO Elon Musk had already sold a combined $6.9 billion worth of shares in e lectronic-A B Cc ar company Tesla a s of Nov 12.D3.Researchers say they have uncovered the names of 102 Native American students who died at a federalA B Coperated boarding school in Nebraska.D4.The c oming Thanksgiving festival in the United States will be the most expensive i n years because ofA Bhigh food prices, which are also hurting many of the country’s food banks, which tens of millions ofC Dpeople in the US rely.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 3 页5.This year, v accine makers from around the globe took the top spot in the list of “Change the World”.A B C D6.Zero-tolerance a pproach to the virus is a response to a rising call in the country for an easiness of theA B Cmeasures to h alt the latest wave of the virus.D7. The 2022 W inter Olympics will be the first Games in history exclusively power all venues with cleanA B Cenergy from r enewable sources.D8.The country’s commitment to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060A B Cp oses challenges to the coal industry.D9.The members of EDG and other staffs displayed tai chi martial arts and traditional Chinese costumes i nA BReykjavik, l aunching a “Chinese hurricane” in the Icelandic capital.C D10.Goldenrod is often r eferred to as “the flower of the devil”, as it spreads extremely fast and causes otherA B Cplants d ie.DIII.Reading comprehension (40 points).Section A Multiple Choice Q uestionsIn this section there are four passages followed by sixteen multiple-choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one thatyou think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1She was a small woman, old and wrinkled. When she started washing for us, she was already past seventy. Most Jewish women of her age were sickly, weak, broken in body. But this washwoman, small and thin as she was, possessed a strength that came from generations of peasant ancestors. Mother would count out to her a bag of laundry that had accumulated over several weeks. She would then lift the bag, put it on her narrow shoulders, and carry it the long way home.She would bring the laundry back about two weeks later. My mother had never been so pleased with any washwoman. Yet she charged no more than the others. She was a real find. Washing clothes was not easy in those days. The old woman had no tap where she lived but had to bring in the water from a pump. For the clothes and bedclothes to come out so clean, they had to be scrubbed thoroughly in a washtub, rinsed with washing soda, soaked, boiled in an enormous pot, starched, then ironed. Every piece was handled ten times or more.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 4 页That winter was a harsh one. The streets were icy. No matter how much we heated our stove, the windows were covered with frost. The newspapers reported that people were dying of the cold. Coal became dear. The winter had become so severe that parents stopped sending children to school.On one such day the washwoman, now nearly eighty years old, came to our house. Mother gave her a pot of tea to warm herself, as well as some bread. The old woman sat on a kitchen chair trembling and shaking, and warmed her hands against the teapot. Her fingernails were strangely white. These hands spoke of the stubbornness of mankind, of the will to work not only as one’s strength permits but beyond the limits of one’s power.The bag was big, bigger than usual. When the woman placed it on her shoulders, it covered her completely. At first she stayed, as though she were about to fall under the load. But an inner stubbornness seemed to call out; no, you may not fall. A donkey may permit himself to fall under his burden, but not a human being, the best of creation.More than two months passed. The frost had gone, and then a new frost had come, a new wave of cold. One evening, while mother was sitting near the lamp mending a shirt, the door opened and a small puff of steam, followed by a gigantic bag, entered. I ran toward the old woman and helped her unload her bag. She was even thinner now, more bent. She could not utter a clear word, but mumbled something with her sunken mouth and pale lips.After the old woman had recovered somewhat, she told us that she had been ill, very ill. But God had not yet wanted to take this poor soul to Himself. She began to feel better, and as soon as she was able to stand on her feet once more, she resumed her washing. Not just ours, but the wash of several other families too.But she never came back. The wash she had returned was her last effort on this earth. Now at last her body, which had long been supported only by the force of honesty and duty, had fallen. Her soul passed into those spheres where all holy souls meet.1.The most suitable title for the story is ?A.The WashwomanB. The Old Jewish LadyC. The Stubborn Old LadyD. The Hard-working Old Lady2.The adjective that can be used to describe the character of the washwoman is .A.stubbornB. honestC. responsibleD. all of the above3.The writer of the story might be .A.blackB. a JewC. a MuslimD. a Christian4.When the washwoman died, she was nearly in her .A. 60sB. 70sC. 80sD. 90sPassage 2Brave New World, written by Aldous Huxley and published in 1932, was about the big technological revolution about to take place, that of biotechnology. In the novel, the hatching of people is not in wombs but, as we now say, in vitro; the drug soma, gives people instant happiness; the modification of behavior will be through constant subliminal repetition and, other huge changes that will happen in the future.This novel describes a dystopia. In it, the evil is not so obvious because no one is hurt; indeed, this is a world in which everyone gets what they want. As one of the characters notes, “The Controllers realized科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 5 页that force was no good,” and that people would have to be seduced rather than compelled to live in an orderly society. In this world, disease and social conflict have been abolished; there is no depression, madness, loneliness, or emotional distress. No one takes religion seriously any longer, no one is introspective or has unrequited longings, the biological family has been abolished, no one reads Shakespeare. But no one (save John the Savage, the book’s protagonist) misses these things, either, since they are happy and healthy. In the words of bioethicist Leon Kass, “Unlike the man reduced by disease or s lavery, the people dehumanized in Brave New World are not miserable, don’t know that they are dehumanized, and, what is worse, would not care if they knew. They are, indeed, happy slaves with a slavish happiness.”What is so important about being a human being in the traditional way, which is different from the situation described by Huxley? After all, what the human race is today is the product of an evolutionary process that has been going on for millions of years, one that with any luck will continue well into the future. There are no fixed human characteristics, except for a general capability to choose what we want to be, to modify ourselves in accordance with our desires. So who is to tell us that being human and having dignity means sticking with a set of emotional responses that are the accidental byproduct of our evolutionary history? There is no such thing as a biological family, no such thing as human nature or a “normal” human being, and even if there were, why should that be a guide for what is right and just? Huxley is telling us, in effect, that we should continue to feel pain, be depressed or lonely, or suffer from debilitating disease, all because that is what human beings have done for most of their existence as a species.Huxley was right. He tells us through his novel that the most significant threat posed by contemporary biotechnology is the possibility that it will alter human nature and thereby move us into a “posthuman” stage of history. This is important, I will argue, because human nature exists, is a meaningful concept, and has provided a stable continuity to our experience as a species. It is, conjointly with religion, what defines our most basic values. Human nature shapes and constrains the possible kinds of political regimes, so a technology powerful enough to reshape what we are will have possible malign consequences.Biotechnology, in contrast to many other scientific advances, mixes obvious benefits with subtle harms in one seamless package. There may be products of biotechnology that will be similarly obvious in the dangers they pose to mankind—for example, superbugs, new viruses, or genetically modified foods that produce toxic reactions. Like nuclear weapons or nanotechnology, these are in a way the easiest to deal with because once we have identified them as dangerous, we can treat them as a straightforward threat. The more typical threats raised by biotechnology, on the other hand, are those captured so well by Huxley, and are summed up in the title of an article by nov elist Tom Wolfe, “Sorry, but Your Soul Just Died.” Medical technology offers us in many cases a devil’s bargain: longer life, but with reduced mental capacity; freedom from depression, together with freedom from creativity or spirit; therapies that blur the line between what we achieve on our own and what we achieve because of the levels of various chemicals in our brains.What should we do in response to biotechnology that in the future will mix great potential benefits with threats that are either physical and overt or spiritual and subtle? The answer is obvious: We should use the power of the state to regulate it. And if this proves to be beyond the power of any individual nation-state to regulate, it needs to be regulated on an international basis. We need to start thinking concretely now about how to build institutions that can discriminate between good and bad uses of biotechnology, and effectively enforce these rules both nationally and internationally.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 6 页5.What does the underline d word “dystopia” mean?A.an ideal but nonexistent political and social way of lifeB.a bad place, a very unpleasant imaginary world in which ominous tendencies of the present social, political and technological order are projected into a disastrous future culminationC.certain cultural, institutional and discursive spaces that are somehow “other”D.“real and imagined” space, lived space, the way that people actually live in and experience that urban space6.Which of the following ways is not how people in the “brave new world” live?A.they live happily and don’t know what pain isB.they can get everything they wantC.they cherish love, friendship and other emotionsD.they don’t have the concept of biological family7.Which of the following attitudes might not belong to the author of this passage?A.he agrees with HuxleyB.he believes the soul of people living in the brave new world diesC.he believes the world described in the Brave New World is a posthuman stage of historyD.he thinks biotechnology brings only a lot of benefits, and no harm, to the world8.According to the author, which of the following technologies is the most dangerous?A.some harmful bio-technologiesB.nuclear weaponC.nanotechnologyD.genetically modified foodsPassage 3March 2020. A deadly virus sweeps around the world. Overnight, our lives are put on pause. But as we stop, remarkable things start to change in the natural world. Clearer air. Cleaner waters. And animals starting to flourish in ways we hadn’t seen for decades. This is the year Earth changed.Just hours into lockdown, many of us notice the silence. With global traffic noise reduced by up to 70%, there is a new sound to be heard, birdsong. And it’s not just noise level that reduces, the speed at which air pollution drops around the globe is staggering. Within days, Los Angeles experiences its best air quality for 40 years. And in India, which typically suffers from some of the worst pollution in the world, just 12 days after lockdown, a breathtaking sight appears. The highest mountain range on Earth, the Himalayas, hidden behind smog for 30 years, is suddenly visible to people who live in a city over 200 kilometers away. It’s a vivid illustration that the moment we paused, the Earth was able to breathe again. Lockdown extends into weeks. And the travel ban s limit our movement still further. Air travel has just fallen off a cliff. It’s down roughly 90% worldwide. Global shipping traffic drops by 17% in the first three months of lockdown, improving the lives of animals across the oceans.Globally, a quarter of businesses are shut. Bars, restaurants and cafés remain closed. The retail business is shut down. With urban centers almost deserted, remarkable pictures emerge of animals taking advantage of city living.In Japan, the city of Nara has been home to a group of sika deer for at least 1,300 years. Most of the meadows they relied on for food had been taken over by buildings, so rice bran crackers from the 13 million科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 7 页annual visitors to Nara’s temples become a vital part of their diet. But the pandemic changed that. Their favorite takeout disappeared overnight. No people means no crackers. There’s concern that the deer might starve. But some of the older generation appear to have a plan. They lead a group out of the temple grounds. And they seem to know exactly where they’re going. They’re heading down a major road deep into the concrete jungle of the city. But where will they find food in this urban sprawl? After a two-and-a-half kilometer trek, the group comes to a halt. In front of them is a patch of grassland which was once part of their grazing grounds. Remarkably, the older deer seem to have remembered it as the place where they used to feed. And it provides everything they need: fresh grass, leaves and herbs. Over the following weeks, they graze across a patchwork of these surviving scraps of land. And there was another upside to the absence of people. Scientists have discovered that not only did this new diet make them healthier, but fewer visitors meant less plastic trash, which can kill deer. Even when it seems that animals benefit from our presence, in many cases, they’re actually better off without us.This is a year in which many of us have found comfort in the natural world, a year in which the world has changed in extraordinary ways. What inspiration can we take from this moment to find ways to better coexist with nature? In India, some are already seizing the chance to live more harmoniously alongside some very powerful yet endangered animals. A fully grown Asian elephant needs to eat 150 kilos of food every day. But with only 5% of their natural habitat remaining, and with much of their forest home replaced by farmland, elephants here often raid crops to survive. In response, the farmers try to defend their fields. Across the country, around 400 humans and a hundred elephants are killed in these conflicts every year. But one community is trying a new approach to solving the problem. Along the forest edge, they plant a buffer zone of fast-growing wild rice and grasses for the elephants to eat. Staying close to the edge of the forest, the elephants choose to feast only on the crops planted for them. Before, the farmers used to chase them away. But now, things have changed. It feels good.The astonishing speed and variety of nature’s response has shown that even modest changes to our lives can make a vital difference to wildlife around the world. There could be some small shutdowns every single summer, for instance, nightly beach closures, which don’t have to be during the day. Very small alterations that people can do make sure that humans and wildlife are both successful together.This extraordinary year, the year Earth changed, has not only shown us that we can help wildlife to flourish, but if we choose to do so, we can also transform the health of the planet for all. It’s high time now that we should contribute in every small way we can to reduce the pollution. And far from being separate from the natural world, our lives are interconnected in deep and surprising ways.9.What’s the best title for the passage?A.What Did the Pandemic Bring to the WorldB.The Year Earth ChangedC.How the Animals Lived During the PandemicD.What Harms Has Mankind Done to the Earth10.According to the author, what were the lives of the animals like during the lockdown?A.they were starvedB.they became very poor without humansC.they lived more happily than beforeD.many animals were dead科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 8 页11.What the author wants to convey through this passage is ?A.humans are harmful to the animalsB.humans are harmful to the EarthC.humans should realize they are interconnected with the natural worldD.without humans, animals can live better on the EarthPassage 4If we assume that a transitional period of the life cycle, akin to adolescence, organized around puberty and of variable length, exists almost universally, the next question is what forms it takes and whether its features, too, are universal. Ethnographic research in Samoa conducted by anthropologist Margaret Mead brought the issue of cultural difference in the experience of adolescence to the fore. Her book, Coming of Age in Samoa, famously challenged Hall’s“storm and stress” model and argued that unlike American culture, Samoan culture did not place judgments and pressures on adolescence and was more relaxed. Samoan adolescence was relatively tranquil and enjoyable, which led to Mead’s assertion of the primacy of nurture over nature.Since then, a sizeable literature in psychology and anthropology has developed which has addressed cross-cultural diff erences in adolescence. Schlegel and Barry’s cross-cultural study of adolescents in tribal and traditional societies using data collected from over 175 societies around the world demonstrated that adolescence as a distinctive, socially marked stage of life is ubiquitous. These researchers put forward a biosocial theory, arguing that the social stage of adolescence is a response to the development of the reproductive capacity. Most notably, however, these cross-cultural studies challenge the notion that features of “storm and stress” and a period of psychological crisis are universal inevitabilities in adolescence. For example, while mild forms of antisocial behavior were present in some societies, it was certainly not generalizable as a feature. Similarly, aggressive and violent behavior occurred in a minority of cultures and when present was heavily gendered with aggression in girls being particularly low. Cross-cultural researchers stress that the meanings of developmental tasks associated with adolescence such as the establishment of independence or autonomy may differ according to culture, and may be subject to change over time. For example, developing independence in some cultures may mean taking on duties or care for siblings or elders, and not necessarily separating from adults and orienting towards peers. Based on a study comparing five cultures that could be contrasted as “traditional” and “modern” or “collectivistic” and “individualistic,” Trommsdorff suggested that “turbulent” features such as interg enerational conflict stem from the focus on attaining independence from parents during this period and are linked to cultural values of individualism in Western societies. Certainly, in many cultures, particularly in pre-industrial societies, adolescence is not marked by such a characterization or psychological turmoil, and thus, both the characterization and length of this life stage vary according to culture. Puberty, too, which is clearly grounded in biology across cultures, interacts with the local environment. Menarche, which marks the beginning of puberty in girls, is occurring increasingly early in industrialized countries such as Japan or the USA. This finding may be connected to changes in dietary intake. Even if puberty could be the biological marker of the start of adolescence in every culture, the end point is less clear.In summary, adolescence conceptualized as a prolonged period of identity development linked to increased autonomy, intergenerational conflict, peer-relatedness and social psychological anxieties, is not the norm across cultures.科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共10 页第 9 页Indeed, these features seem to depend on degrees of individualism, social/economic role expectations, gender and class. A historical appreciation of adolescence as a category of science as well as cross-cultural investigations of the experience of adolescence demonstrates that characteristics associated with this developmental stage may not only have biological bases but also social and cultural origin.12.According to the author of the passage, from her observation that adolescence in Samoa is different from adolescence in America, Margaret Mead argued thatA.Samoan culture is different from American cultureB.culture has a larger part in shaping human behavior than does geneticsC.adolescents are treated better in Samoa than they are in AmericaD.people go through the same basic life experiences in all societies but do so at different times in their lives13.According to the author, Schlegel and Barry’s cross-cultural study of adolescents in tribal and traditional societies showed thatA.the phenomenon of adolescence is found everywhereB.adolescence is a time of great conflict in every societyC.anti-social behavior always increases during adolescenceD.adolescent boys become aggressive in every society14.Trommsdorff, whose study is cited in the passage, would most likely agree thatA.modern cultures are “collectivistic”B.individualistic cultures are “traditional” culturesC.adolescents in “collectivist” cultures do not argue with their parents as much as adolescence in “individualistic” cultures doD.adolescents in “collectivist” societies never become fully adult because they never achieve i ndependence from their parents15.Based on what is said in the passage, it can be inferred that its author most likely believes thatA.one of the main features of adolescence everywhere is rebellion by young people against parental authorityB.adolescence as a distinct period of life is unique to industrialized societiesC.adolescence occurs in every culture (or at least nearly every culture), but the form that it takes varies from culture to cultureD.adolescence as a distinct period of life occurs only in “individualistic” societies16.The point of view of the author of the passage is that ofA.a proponent of the view that nature is predominant in human developmentB.an objective commentator on an important issue in social scienceC.a strong critic of the view that a young person’s culture largely determines his or her experience of adolescenceD.an advocate for the rights of people in pre-industrial societiesSection B Short Answer QuestionsIn this section there are four short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with short sentences on ANSWER SHEET.。

天津商务职业学院《大学英语二级》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷

《大学英语二级》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷1、With your brother’s help, I’ve made great progress in English and I really want to do something for him ____．A．in turn B．by turns C．in return D．in answer2、A good government is not to pick technologies, but to establish conditions ________innovation is supported and encouraged into the marketplace.A．when B．thatC．as D．where3、－The zookeeper was really annoyed with me.－How could he have been if you ____ stones at the animals?A．didn’t throw B．don’t throwC．hadn’t thrown D．haven’t thrown4、It was warm and nice that evening. I stayed awake until eleven in order to have agood look at the moon by myself.A．on average B．on purposeC．on business D．on time5、The new secretary is and therefore the manager is satisfied with her work. A．effective B．efficient C．specific D．sufficient6、Mary doesn't want to move to Beijing because if she________ _there, she wouldn't be ableto see her husband often.A．would live B．were to liveC．has lived D．lives7、The teacher’s voice still remained calm ______ she was getting annoyed.A．as long as B．even ifC．as if D．now that8、I’m going to spend the summer holiday in Hainan,________ lives my uncle.A．where B．whoC．which D．when9、He would be in better health now _______ with too much work when young.A．had he not burdened himself B．if he was not burdenedC．were he not burdened D．had he not been burdened himself10、—- Mum, look at my shoes. I need a new pair.—- .I bought them for you only a week ago!A．Y ou bet B．You said itC．Y ou don't say D．You name it第二部分阅读理解（满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

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. The tremor in his voice _______ his nervousness.A. affirmedB. disguisedC. representedD. revealed2. His parents gave him many expensive toys as some form of _____ for his lameness and inability to play active games.A. remedyB. compensationC. treatmentD. comfort3. To what extent will future scientific discoveries make possible the _______ of the human life span?A. increaseB. prolongationC. expansionD. growth4. Mr. Morton gradually _______ a knowledge of the subject.A. attainedB. requiredC. acquiredD. enquired5. The Mayor of the town is a ________ old man.A. respectiveB. respectfulC. respectableD. respecting6. The __________ bones of an elderly person may fracture easily.A. slenderB. brittleC. denseD. firm7. No one was ________ in the accident.A. injuredB. woundedC. sufferedD. handicapped8. It would be _______ to arrive at a conclusion.A. premierB. prematureC. preliminaryD. prior9. Color-blind people often find it difficult to _______ between blue and green.A. separateB. compareC. distinguishD. contrast10. The center-forward _______ a goal in the match.A. obtainedB. gainedC. wonD. scored11. They tried very hard but their efforts proved ____________-.A. futileB. usefulC. invalidD. unused12. The thief and his _________ were arrested.A. partnerB. accompliceC. colleagueD. associate13. As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a thunderstorm was _________.A. immediateB. evidentC. imminentD. menacing14. ________ of half-starving wolves were roaming the snow-covered countryside.A. FlocksB. HerdsC. PacksD. Crowds15. The very idea of her winning the beauty contest is quite _____________.A. absurdB. unlikelyC. impossibleD. nonsense16. Today, household chores have been made much easier by electrical _________.A. facilitiesB. equipmentC. utilitiesD. appliances17. As a writer, Walter was very __________.A. imaginaryB. imageryC. imaginativeD. imaginable18. The factory was ________ to the ground by the fire.A. destroyedB. razedC. ruinedD. damaged19. He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been __________.A. imposedB. composedC. exposedD. opposed20. Your service is entirely __________, not compulsory.A. preferentialB. reluctantC. selectiveD. voluntary21. It took them years to __________ a dictionary.A. compileB. writeC. composeD. construct22. His strange behavior aroused the ________ of the police.A. doubtB. suspicionC. disbeliefD. suspect23. Mr. Wong complained about the _______ air-conditioner he bought from the company.A. inefficientB. deficientC. ineffectiveD. defective24. _______ the large amount of time devoted to listening every day, most college students do not listen effectively.a. Moreover B. Nevertheless C. Despite D. Furthermore25. Thomas said he was late because he was caught in a traffic jam. That was a _____ story.A. likelyB. likenessC. alikeD. likelihood26. Henry wasn't paid because he was the ________secretary of the association.A. honorableB. honoringC. honoredD. honorary27. He told the police that a ______ broke into his house last night.A. burglarB. muggerC. robberD. thief28. The debtors did not allow them to ________ payment of their debts.A. inferB. deferC. conferD. prefer29. He was fired because of his _______ refusal to follow orders.A. obstinateB. obedientC. stubbornD. obstructive'30. In the bitter cold, the explorers managed to ________ despite the shortage of food.A. outliveB. endureC. surviveD. subsist31. They were ______ never to meet again.A. disunitedB. destinedC. divertedD. disclosed32. During the miss World Contest, the contestants put on their national ___________.A. clothesB. clothingC. dressesD. costumes33. Father does not like ___________meat.A. leanB. slimC. skinnyD. slender34. The final ______ was pie with ice cream.A. dishB. plateC. courseD. meal35. Elegantly-dressed people were strolling along the many tree-lined _______ through the park.A. aisleB. avenuesC. passagesD. paths36. His speech was careful and ________ but his words seemed to make no sense.A. distinguishedB. distinctC. distinctiveD. distinguishable37. Before the invention of refrigeration, the _____ of fish and meat was a problem.A. keepingB. preservationC. maintenanceD. protection38. The police finally arrested the __________ criminal.A. famousB. renownedC. respectableD. notorious39. He wrote a three-page _____ for his term paper.A. abstractB. extractC. contractD. attraction40. A. I'll send somebody to _______ you at noon.A. reliefB. relieveC. releaseD. substitute41. He went ahead with unpopular changes, ______ to hostile criticism.A. sensibleB. contraryC. indifferentD. sensitive42. Suring their first teacher-training year, the students often visited local schools for the _____ of lessons.A. examinationB. inspectionC. investigationD. observation43. A sudden movement caught the antelope(羚羊) 's attention and he instantly became ______ and alert.A. consciousB. suspiciousC. superstitiousD. incredulous44. He badly ______ his back digging in the garden last Sunday.A. stretchedB. exertedC. strainedD. burst45. There is a fault at our television station. Please do not ______ you TV set.A. alterB. adoptC. adaptD. adjust46. I hope you are not _______ that I obtained this money dishonestly.A. implyingB. concerningC. involvingD. conveying47. We forgave his bad temper because we know that his son's illness had put him under great ________.A. excitementB. crisisC. stress d. nervousness48. This book should be within the _______ of anyone who had studied French for three years.A. possessionB. performanceC. qualificationD. competence49. A good deal of the _______ for their success must go to John Francis, the captain.A. reputationB. applauseC. creditD. compliment50. A completely new situation is likely to ______ when the school leaving age is raised to 16.A. riseB. raiseC. ariseD. happen51. Keys should never be hidden around the house since thieves ______ know where to look.A. virtuallyB. unavoidablyC. reliablyD. invariably52. This book is full of practical _____ on home decorating and repairs.A. helpsB. tipsC. cluesD. news53. He never _____ to read the news but turned at once to the crossword on the last page.A. worriedB. noticedC. painedD. troubled54. Although only of _______ intelligence, he speaks four languages fluently.A. middleB. minorC. averageD. slow55. A child will ______ half an hour of your complete attention.A. delightB. estimateC. compensateD. appreciate56. It is hoped that the prisoner will be released through the _______ of the president himself.A. conventionB. interventionC. interferenceD. concession57. The sound of the water gently ______ against the side of the boat was very pleasant.A. creakingB. surgingC. suckingD. lapping58. Occasionally we experience westerly gales, but the ______ winds are from the north-east.A. existingB. generalC. prevailingD. special59. The choir stood in four rows according to their _______ heights.A. respectfulB. respectiveC. comparativeD. comparable60. Far more should be done to ________ the sufferings of unwanted domestic pets.A. alleviateB. improveC. removeD. remedy61. The teacher was _______ of his duty.A. neglectfulB. negligentC. neglectingD. negligible62. The population in this little town is __________ Chinese.A. commonlyB. regularlyC. predominantlyD. popularly63. The thug _____ a loud cry when he was shot in the leg.A. criedB. wailedC. utteredD. screamed64. I am now _______ of his honesty.A. convincedB. believedC. conceivedD. understood65. Flying over the Sahara, Bob was surprised at the vast __________ of sand.A. sizesB. extensionsC. expansesD. oasis66. No one would believe his story. It was quite ___________.A. credulousB. credibleC. incredibleD. incredulous67. Although it is not our normal _______ to give credit, this time I think we should consider the matter.A. stateB. intentionC. occasionD. practice68. The floods did not start to ________ until two days after the rain had stopped.A. retireB. recedeC. retreatD. sink69. Being both spoilt and lazy he _______ everyone else for his lack of success.A. accusedB. chargedC. criticizedD. blamed70. A ________ woman is needed to take care of two small children.A. confidentB. reliableC. trustfulD. faithful71. Nobody has been able to explain the _______ of this commonly used expression.A. reasonB. causeC. starting-pointD. origin72. He says he would write an English course book if he could find a(n) ______ to deal with the less interesting parts.A. accompliceB. collaboratorC. companionD. partner73. The dentist ______ the decayed tooth again.A. filledB. injectedC. repairedD. mended74. A _____ change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve.A. severeB. violentC. drasticD. strict75. The bag is made of paper. When you fill it with too many apples, it will _____.A. breakB. crackC. burstD. collapse76. After reading the insulting letter, Ron became _______________.A. furiousB. cautiousC. resentfulD. infectious77. She told me it was the most ______ gift her daughter had received.A. delightedB. delightedlyC. delightfulD. delighting78. Scientists ____ there is no animal life on Mars.A. requireB. assumeC. conceiveD. prefer79. Young people are usually more radical while old people are usually more _____ .A. subjectiveB. responsiveC. objectiveD. conservative80. Public order was quickly ________ after the attempted revolution.A. restoredB. recoveredC. reservedD. resolved81. The sun broke over the trees and dust could be seen ______ in the beam of light.A. hungB. suspendedC. drawnD. carried82. Television has _______ the cinema of its former popularity.A. caught S. stolen C, robbed D. stopped83. The noises in the street _______ the teacher's voice.A. suppressedB. overtookC. drownedD. surpassed84. The first, second, third prizes went to John, Mary and Tom ________.A. differentlyB. equallyC. partiallyD. respectively85. Your answer was so confusing that I could hardly make any ________ of it at all.A. senseB. explanationC. meaningD. interpretation86. They hid in a ______ of hay to avoid being found.A. bunchB. heapC. stackD. pile87. China has grown rich because of its _______ with other nations.A. companionB. communityC. commerceD. commission88. Our teacher likes to _____ her lesson with pictures.A. translateB. interpretC. explainD. illustrate89. He did not know what to say to _______ the invitation to dinner.A. declineB. refuseC. rejectD. retort90. The American Prof. does not allow his students to use _______ dictionaries in class.A. electronicB. electricalC. electricD. elective91. The dream for man to fly into _______ space has come true.A. distantB. farthestC. outerD. outside92. Many housewives today prefer to decorate their houses with real flowers rather than with _____ ones.A. unrealB. falseC. actualD. artificial93. City people seem to hurry here and there, elbowing others as they try to ____ their errands.A. continueB. completeC. stopD. suspend94. My hand slipped and _______ my drink on the tablecloth.A. markedB. spiltC. knockedD. spoiled95. He has too _______ a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause.A. slightB. lightC. looseD. mild96. It is strange that the twins not only look but also think ____.A. the sameB. alikeC. likelyD. identical97. The author is good at _______ characters in his books.A. makingB. inventingC. discoveringD. creating98. Despite the hard winter, the rose bush still stays ________ .A. liveB. livingC. livelyD. alive99. At present, we would like to know your _____ towards this question.A. ideaB. viewpointC. attitudeD. thought100. The ______ of the flooded area are still living in miserable conditions.A. inhabitantsB. citizensC. tenantsD. population答案1-5 DACCC 6-10 BABCD 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 DCBCD21-25 ABDCA 26-30 DABDD 31-35 BDABD 36-40 CBDAD41-45 DDACD 46-50 ACDCC 51-55 DBDCD 56-60 DDBCA61-65 ACCAC 66-70 CDBDB 71-75 DBDCB 76-80 ACBDA 81-85 BCDDA 86-90 CCDAA 91-95 CDBBD 96-100 BDDCA。