英法百年战争英文版介绍ppt课件
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英法百年战争
战争的第一阶段
• （1） 1337—1360年。1346年春双方会战于克勒西。法 国投入的兵力是英军的三倍，却被英国的新型步兵打败了。 法军损失11个亲王、1200名骑兵和10000名士兵。英军有 弓箭手9000人，主要是招募来的自耕农。克勒西战役是 一次以少胜多的著名战役，它实际上结束了封建骑士在军 事上的重要作用。1356年，黑太子爱德华指挥的6000名 英军，与法王约翰二世（1350—1364年）指挥的20500 名法军在普瓦提埃发生激战。结果，法军大败，伤亡 4500人，国王约翰和许多法国贵簇被俘，英军损失很小。 1360年，法国被迫签订布勒丁尼和约：爱德华三世放弃 对法国王位的要求，交换条件是加莱和阿奎丹等地重归英 国。法国以50万镑巨款赎回国王，这个数目相当于英王5 年的收入。
英法百年战争
Hundred Years' War （1337年－1453年）
百年战争概况
• 百年战争（Hundred Years' War）是指英 国和法国，于1337年 - 1453年间的战争， 是世界最长的战争，断断续续进行了长达 116年。 • 日期： 1337年－1453年 • 地点： 法国和低地国家 • 结果： 法国胜利 • 领土变更： 法国夺回被英格兰控制的领 地
贞德（Jeanned'Arc、JeannelaPucelle、JoanofArc）（1412年1月6日~1431年5月30日)， 被称为“奥尔良的少女”和“圣女贞德”，法国民族英雄、军事家，天主教会的“圣女”。 英法百年战争（1337年~1453年）时她带领法国军队对抗英军的入侵，支持法查理七世加 冕，为法国胜利做出了巨大贡献。后为勃艮第公国所俘，宗教裁判所以“异端”和“女巫 罪”判处她火刑。
战争的第二阶段
英法百年战争背景和起因
Reasons for the outbreak of war
Fuse of the war was Flanders region (present-day Belgium and the Netherlands). Then Flanders was European industrial developed region. Particularly in wool textile technology was very advanced. So here was the richest part of Europe.
Louis VII
Background
The United Kingdom monarch of golden bird-flower dynasty theoretically was France subjects, should be for the French King effect render one's services. Not only so, regardless of as Royal history intermarriage of in-laws with France, also was as France most powerful of feudal lords, once France throne appeared the situation-old King had no son, or because various causes no legitimate of throne heir.When the nobles struggled for the throne, the monarch of golden bird-flower dynasty was no doubt that to have participation game of qualification! So after the French King died, Edward III formally proposed requirements inherited the throne of France.
The Hundred Years' War 英法百年战争
➢ It was a disaster for the people.Both of their economy was deeply damaged,so the people in the two countries lived in dire poverty.
➢The war in one hundred, crying in one hundred.
➢ From 1380 to 1415, France was in prolonged instability and its industry and commerce declined seriously.
➢ The war stimulated nationalistic sentiment. It devastated France as a land, but it awakened French nationalism.
➢ 贞德原本是一位法国农村少女，她声称在十六岁 时的一日，在村后的大树下遇见天使圣弥额尔、 圣玛加利大和圣加大肋纳，从而得到“上帝的启 示”，要求她带兵收复当时由英格兰人占领的法 国失地。后来她几番转折，得到兵权，于1429年 解奥尔良之围，成为了闻名法国的女英雄，后带 兵多次打败英格兰的侵略者，更促使拥有王位承 继权的查理七世于同年7月16日得以加冕。然而 圣女贞德于1430年在贡比涅一次小冲突中为勃艮 第公国所俘，不久为英格兰人以重金购去，由英 格兰当局控制下的宗教裁判所以异端和女巫罪判 处她火刑，于1431年5月30日在法国鲁昂当众处 死。20年后英格兰军队被彻底逐出法国时，贞德 年老的母亲说服教宗卡利克斯特三世重新审判贞 德的案子，最终于1456年为她平反。500年后被 梵蒂冈封圣。
➢ Hauberk (锁子甲） in Europe had more than one thousand years history. Early in the war, it was still the best protective equipment .But later ， plate armor（板甲） greatly enhance protection.
英法百年战争【英文】
Crusades Trade Roman Catholic Church The Black Plague The Hundred Years War The Great Schism
Crusades 1095-1291
Trade
Allows for Exchange of ideas Increased Wealth = Increased Consumer goods/luxuries Crusades/Trade create unified Christendom Renaissance of the 13th Century?
Chartres, France
Competition to Build the Grandest Cathedral for the Glory of God
Scotland Cologne
Notre Dame, Paris
Theocracy of Europe
Popes, Cardinals anoint Kings Europe is united in Christianity Political and Religious hierarchy is similar Some diversity in practices and beliefs Church, Good Works, Sacraments, Key to Salvation Preoccupown (The Founding)
Towns begin to develop around Europe Centered around Churches and Markets Dominated by Guilds Non-Traditional Social Group (Artisan)
Crusades 1095-1291
Trade
Allows for Exchange of ideas Increased Wealth = Increased Consumer goods/luxuries Crusades/Trade create unified Christendom Renaissance of the 13th Century?
Chartres, France
Competition to Build the Grandest Cathedral for the Glory of God
Scotland Cologne
Notre Dame, Paris
Theocracy of Europe
Popes, Cardinals anoint Kings Europe is united in Christianity Political and Religious hierarchy is similar Some diversity in practices and beliefs Church, Good Works, Sacraments, Key to Salvation Preoccupown (The Founding)
Towns begin to develop around Europe Centered around Churches and Markets Dominated by Guilds Non-Traditional Social Group (Artisan)
英法百年战争【英文】
Crusades 1095-1291
Trade
▪ Allows for Exchange of ideas
▪ Increased Wealth = Increased Consumer goods/luxuries
▪ Crusades/Trade create unified Christendom
Group (Artisan)
Medieval Universities
Oxford University
The Late Middle Ages and The Catholic Church
Society in 13th Century Europe
▪ Religion Dominates all aspects of life
▪ Scotland
▪ Cologne
Notre Dame, Paris
Theocracy of Europe
▪ Popes, Cardinals anoint Kings
▪ Europe is united in Christianity
▪ Political and Religious hierarchy is similar
▪ Church Monopolizes education
▪ Monasteries centers of education and literature
▪ Monks study and copy ancient texts
▪ Some classic works are preserved
▪ Others destroyed because of the cost of paper
▪ Papacy exerts both secular and spiritual authority
英法百年战争
百年中，双方的武器装备也经 历了改良和演化，14世纪开战 时，当时最好的盔甲仍然为锁 链甲，这和之前数个世纪相比 并没有本质上的进化和改善， 而15世纪战争中后期时，新形 态的板甲已经成为了贵族骑士 们的普遍装备。这种新装备相 对前者，事实上最显著的价值 即是针对射击和刺杀为主的防 御能力改良，因此也可以认为 是英国大规模应用的长弓战术 所带来的必然后果。 在连续不 断的围攻战中，双方也重视攻 城武器的设计和应用，在后期， 法军开始大规模使用火药及火 炮作为武器而取得胜利，并在 这些新型武器上具有科技领先 地位，即由此促使了新形态的 战争方式。
谢谢观赏
战争的第二阶段
• （2）1369—1380年。法王查理五世（1364— 1380年）即位后，锐意革新，准备反击。1369年， 法军开始反攻，宣布废除布勒丁尼和约。1377年 爱德华三世去世，由黑太子之子，年仅10岁的理 查继位，称理查二世（1377—1399年）。1399 年亨利四世（1399—1413年）废黜其堂兄理查二 世，开始了兰开斯特王朝。在百年战争第二阶段 中，法国人的游击战颇见成效，迫使英军于1380 年停战，英国除保存包括加莱在内的几个沿海城 市外，将其余领地归还法国。
贞德（Jeanned'Arc、JeannelaPucelle、JoanofArc）（1412年1月6日~1431年5月30日)， 被称为“奥尔良的少女”和“圣女贞德”，法国民族英雄、军事家，天主教会的“圣女”。 英法百年战争（1337年~1453年）时她带领法国军队对抗英军的入侵，支持法查理七世加 冕，为法国胜利做出了巨大贡献。后为勃艮第公国所俘，宗教裁判所以“异端”和“女巫 ed Years' War （1337年－1453年）
百年战争概况
• 百年战争（Hundred Years' War）是指英 国和法国，于1337年 - 1453年间的战争， 是世界最长的战争，断断续续进行了长达 116年。 • 日期： 1337年－1453年 • 地点： 法国和低地国家 • 结果： 法国胜利 • 领土变更： 法国夺回被英格兰控制的领 地
英法百年战争英文PPT
The Europe in the eyes of the British
The Europe in the eyes of the Franch
map:
Battle of Agincourt, England aligned with Burgundy,invaded almost all the north of France 141 5 England attacked Orleans, France was in danger,French people fight aginst the invaters,It become a national liberation movement 142 0 Treaty of Troyes, France had become part oBritish Commonwealthf 142 8 142 9 Jeanne d'Arc appeared,lead the army ,got a lot of victories, Charlie VII crowned Jeanne d'Arc was betrayed ,under the plot of England,she was burnt to death.
St. George's Cross flag
England
35 30 25
20
France
食物 天然气 15
旅馆
10
5
0
一月
二月
三月
四月
五月
六月
king
Edward III
In 1337,he declared himself as the king of france,so Philippe VI determined to recover the whole territory of England in France,and the war began.
英法百年战争英文版介绍
Until this moment,Hundred Years Wars ended,and France got the final victory.
Jeanne whment
Influnence
The victory of the war promoted the the unity of France and laid the foundation for the expansion in europe.at the same time ,the Nationalism of was built and imposed the policy of banlancing power on the European continent.then The Kingdom of England switched its focus to overseas and became the biggest empire in the world .
Thank you！
• Background
The source is in the region Flanders(法兰德斯).At that time,Flanders is a famous industry advanced area of Europe.The businessmen of Flanders wanted to escape from the control of the emperor of France.But they daren't to be rebels,so they thought out a good idea,they issued that the emperor of England is the feudal lord(领 主)of France.Because England had a part of French land,so they could say they were English people.And just because of Flemish(法兰德斯人 的)statement,England and France began the war that lasted for one hundred years.
Jeanne whment
Influnence
The victory of the war promoted the the unity of France and laid the foundation for the expansion in europe.at the same time ,the Nationalism of was built and imposed the policy of banlancing power on the European continent.then The Kingdom of England switched its focus to overseas and became the biggest empire in the world .
Thank you！
• Background
The source is in the region Flanders(法兰德斯).At that time,Flanders is a famous industry advanced area of Europe.The businessmen of Flanders wanted to escape from the control of the emperor of France.But they daren't to be rebels,so they thought out a good idea,they issued that the emperor of England is the feudal lord(领 主)of France.Because England had a part of French land,so they could say they were English people.And just because of Flemish(法兰德斯人 的)statement,England and France began the war that lasted for one hundred years.
新编英法百年战争
the French throne in the Hundred Years’ War with France (1337-1453)
What is the Black Death about?
➢The Black Death was during Edward III period. It was one of the worst natural disasters in history. In 1347 A.D. , a great plague swept(鼠疫)over Europe. One third of the European died.
The Huanr dred Years’ War
Henry Ⅴ
The four famous battles:
Main Events
Edward III Black Death
(1348-49)
Richard II The
Peasant Uprising
Henry V Recognized to
Definition
• A series of wars fought between England and France from 1337 to 1453 that resulted in the final expulsion of the English from all French territories except Calais. It is the longest war in the world. During this period, many new tactics and weapons have developed quickly.
bourgeoisie grew rapidly.
What is the Black Death about?
➢The Black Death was during Edward III period. It was one of the worst natural disasters in history. In 1347 A.D. , a great plague swept(鼠疫)over Europe. One third of the European died.
The Huanr dred Years’ War
Henry Ⅴ
The four famous battles:
Main Events
Edward III Black Death
(1348-49)
Richard II The
Peasant Uprising
Henry V Recognized to
Definition
• A series of wars fought between England and France from 1337 to 1453 that resulted in the final expulsion of the English from all French territories except Calais. It is the longest war in the world. During this period, many new tactics and weapons have developed quickly.
bourgeoisie grew rapidly.
百年战争简介
● 经济
● 不过也许更为重要的是，经济问题才是两国交恶的罪魁祸首。
● 英格兰的经济命脉和皇家国库的正常运转在很大程度上依赖羊毛贸易。中世纪后期，佛兰德斯 （Flanders）是羊毛贸易中心。生产羊毛的英格兰人在这里卖羊毛，而大部分由这些羊毛制成的 商品（呢绒）则取原道返回英格兰。由于羊毛原料出口商和毛呢制成品进口商都要向英王缴税， 因此佛兰德斯的羊毛制品厂商和经销商顺理成章地都愿意支持英格兰利益。
● 百年战争使法国本土遭到了严重的损失。但在战后，法国经济逐渐复兴，战争加速了法兰西民族 意识的高涨，对近代民族国家的形成起了很大作用
原因
● 百年战争（the Hundred Years' War ）产生的原因错综复杂，包含国家间政治、经济、社会、国际关系等 各种因素。尽管通常认为百年战争始于1337年，但在此之前法兰西和英格兰早已累积多年恩怨。
● 1420年5月21日英、法在特鲁瓦签订几乎亡国的特鲁瓦条约。英王亨利五世成为法兰西摄政王， 有权承继查理六世死后的法兰西王位。法兰西已沦为英法联合王国的一部分。
● 1421年，博热之战爆发。法军与巴肯伯爵约翰·斯图亚特率领的苏格兰援军联手，对英军取得胜 利。他们杀死了亨利五世的弟弟，王位继承人克拉伦斯公爵。
● 奥尔良战役的胜利，扭转了法兰西在整个战争中的危难局面，从此战争朝着有利于法兰西的方向发展。此后， 法兰西人民抗英运动继续高涨，英军节节败退。
● 1429年7月，王子查理在兰斯加冕，称查理七世。1430年在康边城附近的战斗中，当贞德及其部队被英军所 逼、撤退回城时，这些封建主把她关在城外，最后竟以4万法郎将她卖给了英格兰人。贞德宁死不屈，她说： “为了法兰西，我视死如归。”1431年5月29日上午，贞德备受酷刑之后在卢昂城下被活活烧死，她的骨灰 被投到塞纳河中。死时，贞德还不满20岁。
unit 5 The Hundred Years' War 英国百年战争PPT课件
Medieval Art & the Plague
Bring out your dead!
The Black Death
The deadly plague
The
The demand The Statute
shortage of for higher of Labors/
manpower
wages
You Know, The More Powerful You Will Be
谢谢你的到来
学习并没有结束，希望大家继续努力
Learning Is Not Over. I Hope You Will Continue To Work Hard
演讲人：XXXXXX 时 间：XX年XX月XX日
Poll tax
Peasant’s uprising
Compelled Prohibit Be exempt from Concession In failure
Key words in Unit 5
写在最后
经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量 Study Constantly, And You Will Know Everything. The More
7
English and French soldiers engaged in heavy fighting during the Battle of Agincourt on October 25, 1415.
8
Significances of the War
1. The ruling Normans began to regard England as their home. The national identity began to take shape.
Hundred Years' War ppt
undred Years' War）是指英国和法 国，以及后来加入的勃艮第，于1337年 - 1453年 间的战争，是世界最长的战争，断断续续进行了长 达116年。
2
名称：Hundred Years' War 地点：法国和低地国家 时间：1337年－1453年 参战方：法国、苏格兰；英格兰、勃艮第 结果：法国胜利 主要指挥官：圣女贞德；亨利六世 影响：法国夺回被英格兰控制的领地 时间：持续116年
3
The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 between the Kings of France and the Kings of England and their various allies for control of the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. The House of Valoiscontrolled France in the wake of the House of Capet; a Capetian cadet branch, the Valois claimed the throne under Salic Law. This was contested by the House of Plantagenet, the Angevin family that had ruled England since 1154, who claimed the throne of France through the 1308 marriage of Edward II of England and Isabella of France.
2
名称：Hundred Years' War 地点：法国和低地国家 时间：1337年－1453年 参战方：法国、苏格兰；英格兰、勃艮第 结果：法国胜利 主要指挥官：圣女贞德；亨利六世 影响：法国夺回被英格兰控制的领地 时间：持续116年
3
The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 between the Kings of France and the Kings of England and their various allies for control of the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. The House of Valoiscontrolled France in the wake of the House of Capet; a Capetian cadet branch, the Valois claimed the throne under Salic Law. This was contested by the House of Plantagenet, the Angevin family that had ruled England since 1154, who claimed the throne of France through the 1308 marriage of Edward II of England and Isabella of France.
英法百年战争
但是，教皇规定，佛兰德地区独立的条 件是缴纳200万法郎的罚款
终于，他们想出了一条绝妙的理由。法 国国王的标志是百合，英国国王的标志 是狮子。英国国王在法国也有领土，所 以几乎也可以说是法国的国王。因此， 弗兰德人决定建议英国国王将标志改为 百合和狮子。
过程：
1337年─1360年之间，英法争夺佛 兰德地区。期间爆发“黑死病”， 双方休战10年，但该阶段以法国割 让南部领土给英国而告终。
过程：
1360年─1400之间，法王查理五世展开报仇，夺回 部分被侵占的领土。
1415——1429之间，法国贵族发生内乱，英国 人重起战端，法国战败，英王亨利五世娶法王查 理六世之女，并规定查理六世死后，王位由亨利 五世继承，为英法国王。
过程：
1429——1453之间，查理七世和亨利六世之争， 最终查理七世在“牧羊女”的帮助下得以加冕， 法军节节胜利。
圣女贞德（1412年1月6日－1431年5月30日)，被称为 “奥尔良的少女”，是法国的民族英雄、军事家，天 主教会的圣女，法国人心中的自由女神。英法百年战 争时，她带领法国军队对抗英军的入侵，支持法查理 七世加冕，为法国胜利做出贡献。最终被俘，被宗教 裁判所以异端和女巫罪判处她火刑。
萧伯纳《圣女贞德》
影响：
百年战争极大地打击了两国的贵族势力， 是两国走上了中央集权的道路
百年战争有利于两国近代民族主义的形成
军事价值：
1.削弱了骑士在战争中的重要性，使由锁子甲到板甲；
军事价值：
3.新式武器的诞生：火药与火炮作为攻城武器 的使用；
圣女贞德：
1066年，法国诺曼底人征服英格兰，所以，英国国 王在英国是国王，而在法国又是领主，出新了英国 国王“君不君，臣不臣”的局面。同时，双方还继 续保持着密切的姻亲关系，最终导致了关于王位继 承的问题。
Hundred Year's War 英法百年战争
•
第四阶段
(1429年 - 145各方纷纷反抗，游击队经常 捉拿英格兰的征税者，牵制英军部队，帮助法军很大。
• 1428年10月，英军和勃艮地派包围了奥尔良，法军严重不利。 此时法国出现一位传颂后世的救星圣女贞德，指挥法军于1429年5月 败英格兰，奥尔良解围，赢得重大胜利，扭转了整个战局。 才19岁的圣女贞德不久便被英军捉住，1431年以女巫罪处死。这激起 国的民族义愤，助使法军作出大反攻。1437年，法军光复首都巴黎。 • • • 1441年，收复香槟地区。 1450年，解放曼恩和诺曼底。 1453年，夺回吉耶讷。
• 然而，英法的亨利五世和查理六世却于1422年同年去逝。 两方新王亨利六世和查理七世为争夺法国王位，再度交火。 百年战争进入第四阶段。
阿金库尔战役
Battle of Agincourt
1415年10月25日
• 英军一个月前刚刚经过哈福娄围攻战，伤亡达4000人。英王亨利五世不得不率领剩下 的5000长弓手和900骑兵撤退。法军起先避免与英军接触，但当英军吃光了随军带的1 星期的干粮而不得不靠劫掠和野果来充饥时，法国人大概认为时机有利，无数大大小 小的法国贵族都带着一支队伍加入法军想捡个便宜。这使法军拥有数量上的绝对优势 而缺乏有效的最高指挥。法军在阿金库尔堵住了英军北撤之路，英王亨利五世前一天 的求和被拒绝，只有靠一战来冲出一条路了。 亨利命令英军向前推进，两翼紧靠树林，英军整齐地缓缓推进到距法军250米（长弓有 效射程）的距离上停下，每个长弓手都将准备好的两头削尖的木桩插入脚下的泥沼地 中，让另一尖端斜向着法军方向。随着亨利一声令下，英国长弓手发出了第一次齐射， 天空立即被密密麻麻的箭簇所覆盖而法国人遭到了一阵箭雨的袭击。如梦初醒般，法 军第一线开始向英军冲击。法军两翼的重骑兵本应迂回攻击英军的侧翼，但因为两侧 的树林不得不正面冲击英军两翼的长弓阵地。法军骑兵遭到了很大损失，少数冲到英 军阵前也无力突破拒马，不得不在退却中承受更多的穿甲箭攻击。失去了主人的受伤 或受惊的战马在战场上乱跑，冲乱了随后冲上来的法军一线步兵。尽管法军第一波冲 击使英军少许后退，但英军很快重新拉直了队伍与法军搏斗。混乱得法军更像是集体 冲向一场大屠杀，无数法国贵族就此倒下或被俘。法军弓弩和火炮由于两军交错而无 法射击，很多人实际上整场战役一箭未发。法军尸体堆积如山，二三线的法军见此情 景都被吓得逃出了战场，以至当法军第三线骑兵开始冲锋时仅剩下了600人。半小时英 军就取得了决定性的胜利。亨利下了一道不寻常的命令结束了这场战役，英军处死了 所有的法军俘虏。此战法军损失过万，仅大大小小的贵族就战死了5000多。英军最大 的损失是战死的约克公爵，其他损失不过是十余名骑士和100余长弓手。
小学英语英美文化小贴士(14)百年战争素材
百年战争
自1337年到1453年长达100多年之间，英法两国一直持续着一场断断续续的战争，史称百年战争（The Hundred Years' War）。
英法百年战争的直接导火线是法国加佩王朝（Capetienne Dynasty）查理四世1328年死后无男嗣所引起的王位继承问题。
另外，两国在弗兰德尔（Flanders）的利益冲突和战争的爆发有着密切联系。
战争的根本原因是民族之间的领土与主权之争：法国政治统一的最大障碍是英王在法国境内拥有吉约那和加斯科尼。
英格兰在百年战争中“退出了欧洲”，而法国则在百年战争中走向了统一。
因此百年战争不仅仅是英法之间的国际战争，也是法兰西的国内战争，战争以法兰西民族的统一和王权的加强而告终，同时，战争也使得两国人民更深刻地意识到他们之间的民族差异。
提问时间：
上图中的女子是的百年战争中哪位著名的女英雄？用中英文写出她的称谓。
她带领法国人民取得了百年战争中具有转折意义的哪场战役的胜利？
答案：
上图中的女子是的百年战争中著名的圣女贞德，英文叫做St. Joan of Arc。
她带领法国人民取得了百年战争中具有转折意义的奥尔良之围（Siege of Orleans）的胜利。
初中历史课件(英文) The French and Indian War2
Turing Point
• At night fall 4,000 British snuck up the cliff and waited • Surprised the French in the morning • Montreal falls within the year • *Why do you think Battle of Quebec is a turning point in the war?
“He told me the Country belogn’d to them, that no English Man had a right to trade upon them Waters; & that he had Orders to make every Person Prisoner that attempted it on the Ohio or the Waters on it.” – G.W.
*Treaty of Paris*
• Britain received all land east of the Mississippi • Spain received all land west of the Mississippi and New Orleans for its help • *Britain got Florida from Spain in exchange for Cuba and the Philippines
Native American Alliances
• *The fur trade created economic and military rivalries and alliances between the Native Americans and the Europeans. • These alliances between the Natives and Europeans led to their involvement in the war. • Algonquin and Huron sided with the French while the Iroquois became divided
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The next year,in July,England captured Calais.
1348,the black death spread across the European,and the two
contries stopped battling for 10 years.
1356,England invaded France again,and captrued Keane and
2
• Background
The source is in the region Flanders(法兰德斯).At that time,Flanders is a famous industry advanced area of Europe.The businessmen of Flanders wanted to escape from the control of the emperor of France.But they daren't to be rebels,so they thought out a good idea,they issued that the emperor of England is the feudal lord(领主)of France.Because England had a part of French land,so they could say they were English people.And just because of Flemish(法兰德斯人的)statement,England and France began the war that lasted for one hundred years.
Hundred Years´War 英法百年战争
1
It‘s the longest war of the sted for 116 years,from 1337 to 1453. It began betweeen The Kingdom of England and The Kingdom of France.
Keane(基恩）.
1340,England beat France in Battle of Sluys(斯鲁伊斯海
战),England controled the English channel(英吉利海峡).
August 1346,England got a great victory in Battle of Crécy.
6
Treaty of Bretigny
1356,the Black Prince Edward(黑太子爱德华)arrived in Bordeaux(波尔多),invincibility(不可战胜地),in September,in Poitiers(普瓦捷),beat France,caught alive the emperor of France Jéan II the prince Philippe and a lot of noblemen(贵 族).The prince was forced to conclude and sign the Treaty of Brétigny,which mainly involved the following things:
4
Philippe VI
Edward III
5
• Process
பைடு நூலகம்
The First Stage
Nevember 1337,Edward III(爱德华三世)leaded the military to
attack France,the war began.
1337-1360 year,England and France fighted for Flanders and
Gasconha (加斯科涅),being in the south-west of France.
1360,France was forced to conclude and sign(签订) the Treaty of
Bretigny(布勒丁尼合约),which was a very unfair treaty.
3
• Primacord
In 1328,Charles IV died.Capetian Dynasty was without offspring. The house of Valois’s Philippe VI acceded to the throne. Edward III fight with Philippe VI for the throne in the quanlification of Charles IV’s nephew. The war broke out.
1.the England emperor gave up the right of inheritance(纪 承权) of the French emperor
2.France gave lots of French territories(领土) to England 3.France must pay for a great deal of money to ransomed(赎回) Jéan II.
7
Battle of Crecy
The battle of Crecy（克雷西会战） happened on August 26 1346,and English sodiers who used England longbow(英格兰长弓） beat French heavy armour knights(重甲骑士）and sodiers holding crossbow(十字弓）.It's a most classical battle in the hundred years' war.English emporer Edward III leaded 15 thousand sodiers to invade France through the sea.French emporer Philippe VI sent 30 thousand sodiers against England.In this battle,England longbow played a key function.They fought in forest,and the knights couldn't work well.