句子成分分析Exercises
句子成分(二)
表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或从句，用来说明主语的 身份，特征，状态。 定语：用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征。 （代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、定语从句或 者相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语） 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明时间、地点、 方式、因果、条件、让步、程度、目的等。 补语：补充说明主语或宾语的身份和特征。 同位语：说明其前一名词或代词的具体内容。
状语
G: 6
G: 2
补语
G: 5
G: 1
同位语
G: 7
G: 10
【自学检测】
Find out the the constituents of the following sentences 1.表语 （1）The old lady is very friendly to us. (2) I am filled with joy. (3) She lookes beautiful. 2. 定语 （1）I buy an interesting book today. (2) Do you know the girl in red? (3) I need a piece of paper to write on. 3. 状语 （1）He has worked in this factory for 3 years. (2) Seeing his mother, the baby stopped crying. 4. 补语 （1）Lucy finds Bob very honest. (2）The news made him happy.
【自学检测】
展示内容
表语 定语
展示
G： 9 G: 4
点评
G: 8 G: 3
初三英语划分句子成分句式练习题
The rich should help the poor. It is necessary to master a foreign language.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（三）谓语：动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
谓语的构成如下：、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught ）由系动词加表语构成。
如：We are students.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。
例如：划出表语并说出有什么词充当Our teacher of English is an American. Is it yours?The weather has turned cold. The speech is exciting.Three times seven is twenty one? His job is to teach English.His hobby is playing football. The machine must be out of order.Time is up. The class is over. The truth is that he has never been abroad.（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
英语五种基本句型及句子成分 网络
英语句子成分及五种基本句型I．句子成分主语：句子要说明的人或事，或者是动作的执行者，通常位于句首，可以由名词，代词，数词，to do, doing,短语，名词化的形容词，从句等充当。
To complete the project within 2 months was a great challenge.It is necessary to master English is international trade today.Living in that island country for months was a forgettable experience.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.Generally speaking, the young are thirsty for knowledge.That they failed in the match is entirely understandable.Whether we will go depends on the weather.谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征，即主语所执行的动作，通常紧跟在主语之后。
动词，动词短语，情态动词+动词原形，动词+不定式，联系动词+表语都可做谓语。
I appreciate your timely help indeed.The plan takes off at 10 o’clock.She could read Latin and Greek when she was ten.Our teacher looked rather pleased.宾语：宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词或介词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式, 动词ing,句子等。
Water can be used to produce electricity.Have you told them anything about the accident?I dislike travelling to work in a very crowded bus every day.I expect to see you in Qinghua University next year.I wonder whether I should stay here or not.表语：表语是说明主语身份，职业，性质，状态或特征的句子成分，只能接在系动词之后。
英语句子成分分析分析解析(课堂PPT)(2024版)
6. I prefer my coffee hot.
7. Don’t worry about me; just take care of yourself.
8. You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary.
与全句没有什 么语法关系， 有感叹词、肯 定与否定的答 语、插入语、 呼语等
常用词 例句 类
名词、 I find the book very boring. 形容词, 分词, 不定式 介词短 语等
名词、 This is Mr. Li, our 数词、 headmaster. 代词或 The news that he is ill 从句 worries us.
2024/11/13
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主动语态变成被动语态后, 宾语补足语变成主补.
I last saw him playing near the river. →He was seen playing near the river. The teacher caught the student cheating →in the exam.
machine off. ● She wondered why Jim was so angry
with her.
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㈤宾语补足语
We must keep it a secret.
I found the book interesting.
Please keep the dog out.
The student was caught cheating in the exam.
We elected him monitor. →He was elected monitor.
(完整word版)英语语法-句子成分分析及练习
如：They were teachers。
(他们曾是老师.） Time flies. (时光飞逝。
)这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。
The school is far from here. 名词做主语She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语Eight is a lucky number。
数词做主语The blind need more help。
名词化的形容词做主语Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream。
不定式短语做主语他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。
（从句）（It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语）英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。
谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。
且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。
如：They were teachers.（他们曾是老师.） He enjoys singing songs。
(他喜欢唱歌.）这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing (enjoy doing动词短语)作谓语.其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时,且主语的人称为第三人称.宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后.如： I play with him。
（我和他玩。
）I like Chinese food。
(我喜欢中国菜。
)这两句话中分别由人称代词 him ，名词food 作宾语。
直接宾语与间接宾语:有的动词能够接双宾语,直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物，间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。
如：He gave me a book。
英语句子成分讲解
句子成分详解表
句子成分 主语 意义 表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事 说明主语做什么，是什么或怎 么样 表示动作行为的对象 与联系动词连用，一起构成谓 语，说明主语的性质或特征 充当词类 名，代，数，不定 式，动名词，短语或 句子 动词或动词词组 同主语 同主语 例句 We study in HuangQiao Middle School. She is dancing under the tree. Both of us like English. Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable.
Did you write down what he said? （句子）
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物或事,间接宾语指人或动物. • He gave me some books. ↓ ↓ 间接 直接 宾语 宾语 ●please pass me the book. ●He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
She always keeps the house clean.
宾语 补足语
主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
Exeቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱcises:分析句子结构
1）You are a student. 2）He felt happy today. 3）What you said made me happy. 4）Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well? 5）After he finished his homework, he went away.
Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. ‘I can't hear a word!’ I said angrily. ‘It's none of your business, ’ the young man said rudely. ‘This is a private conversation!’
英语句子成分分析英语句子结构讲解 (3)
找出句中主语
The sun rises in the east.（名词） Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词）
Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） He likes dancing. （代词） What he needs is a book. （句子） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
learn English well? 5）We found a man lying on the ground. 6） It is my duty to look after these children. 7） You had better keep the window open.
8）He likes pop music. 9）The sound sounds strange. 10）The food tastes good. 11）He has been learning English for years. 12）We think it a pity that she didn’t come here.
二，分析下列句子的基本句型。 （2）S+V+O主+谓+宾
（3） （4）S + V + IO + DO 主+谓+间宾+直宾
1.The news makes me feel very happy. 2.The high temperature makes people sleepy. 3.She found her seat easily. 4.Driving brings the young man happiness. 5.Simon watched Tom eating some ice cream. 6.The girl showed her classmates some of her family photos. 7.Mum bought me some nice presents. 8.The students visited the museum the other day. 9. The bus stopped. 10. That is why we decided to put the plan off.
中考英语句子成分分析练习题20题
中考英语句子成分分析练习题20题1<背景文章>Learning English is a challenging but rewarding journey. As a middle school student, I have come to realize the importance of analyzing sentence elements in English learning. Understanding the different parts of a sentence, such as subjects, verbs, objects, and modifiers, can greatly enhance our comprehension and expression in English.When we read an English text, being able to identify the subject and predicate quickly helps us understand the main idea of the sentence. For example, in the sentence "The cat is sleeping on the mat.", we can easily tell that "The cat" is the subject and "is sleeping" is the predicate. This knowledge allows us to grasp the meaning of the sentence more accurately.Moreover, analyzing sentence elements is crucial for writing correct English sentences. By knowing the functions of different parts of a sentence, we can avoid common mistakes and make our writing more clear and coherent. For instance, we need to make sure that the subject and verb agree in number and tense.In conclusion, analyzing sentence elements is an essential skill for middle school students learning English. It not only helps us understand and remember English texts better but also improves our writing ability.1. In the sentence "The cat is sleeping on the mat.", what is the subject?A. sleepingB. on the matC. The catD. is sleeping答案：C。
2024年初中英语语法一轮复习之句子成分分析
2024年初中英语语法一轮复习之句子成分分析英语语法句子成分分析是指对英语句子中各个成分进行划分和分析，以便更好地理解句子的结构和意义。
以下是一些常见的英语句子成分:主语(Subject):句子中进行动作的人、物或事物。
例如:The dog runs in the park.(狗在公园里跑。
)谓语(Predicate):句子中的动作或状态。
例如:The dog runs in the park.(狗在公园里跑。
)宾语(Object):句子中被动作所影响的人、物或事物。
例如:The dog runs in the park.(狗在公园里跑。
)定语(Adverb):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，描述它们的性质、状态或特征。
例如:The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.(那只敏捷的棕色狐狸跳过了懒狗。
)状语(Adverbial):对句子中其他部分进行修饰或补充说明的成分。
例如:The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.(那只敏捷的棕色狐狸跳过了懒狗。
)以上是一些常见的英语句子成分，通过对句子成分的分析，可以更好地理解句子的结构和意义。
▲在“There be”句型中，主语通常位于谓语动词之前。
例如:There is a cat on the mat.(垫子上有只猫。
)There are two dogs at the park.(公园里有两只狗。
)在有些情况下，主语的位置可能会发生变化，这取决于句子的语境和意义。
例如:There goes my car!(我的车过去了!)There es the bus.(公交车来了!)在这些例子中，主语“my car”和“bus”的位置发生了变化，这是因为句子的语境和意义需要它们出现在不同的位置。
▲在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面可以用it作形式主语。
例如，在“It is suggested/required/desired/ordered/proposed…that…”的主语从句中，要用虚和语气，即“should+动词原形”，此时应该使用it 作为形式主语。
英语句子成分划分练习
英语句子成分划分练习The English sentence structure is essential for understanding and communicating effectively in the language. Here are some exercises to help you practice identifying the different parts of speech in sentences.1. Subject Identification: The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that performs the action or is the focus of the sentence. For example, in the sentence "The cat chased the mouse," "The cat" is the subject.2. Verb Recognition: The verb indicates the action or state of being. In the sentence "She sings beautifully," "sings" is the verb.3. Object Identification: The object receives the action of the verb. In the sentence "He gave me a gift," "a gift" is the direct object.4. Indirect Object: An indirect object is the person or thing that receives the direct object. In the sentence "My mother baked us a cake," "us" is the indirect object.5. Adjective Placement: Adjectives describe or modify nouns. In the sentence "The tall building stands in the city," "tall" is an adjective.6. Adverb Analysis: Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, orother adverbs. In the sentence "She speaks very fluently," "very fluently" is an adverb.7. Complement Understanding: A complement is a word or phrase that completes the meaning of a sentence. In the sentence "He became a doctor," "a doctor" is a complement.8. Conjunction Usage: Conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses. In the sentence "She likes to read and write," "and" is a conjunction.9. Prepositional Phrases: Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in the sentence. In the sentence "Under the bridge, the water flows," "Under the bridge" is a prepositional phrase.10. Appositives and Clauses: Appositives are nouns or pronouns that rename or explain another noun or pronoun. In the sentence "My friend, a talented musician, played a beautiful tune," "a talented musician" is an appositive. Clauses are groups of words with a subject and a verb. In the sentence "After he finished his homework, he went to bed," "After he finished his homework" is a subordinate clause.Practice these exercises by identifying the parts of speechin various sentences to improve your understanding of English sentence structure.。
英语句子成分结构详解
词汇比较1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词 a number of students4. family, house, homehome 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画Let's go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course12. custom, habitcustom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 516. speech, talk, lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on…17. officer, officialofficer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。
英语句子成分分析菜鸟版(习题)
一）根据对词类的概念的理解，指出下面单词的词类：1 deep2 finger3 fly4 papers5 pass6 refuse7 size8 spoon9 delicious10 thick11 town12 map13 myself14 and15 on16 sheep17 ship18 mine19 important20 an21 catch22 first23 laugh24 third25 leave26 here27 fly28 home29 round30 sing31 blind32 but33 eighth34 about35 bad36 yours37 child38 against39 ah40 with41 cinema42 Tuesday44 advice45 two46 they47 able48 for49 say50 quickly51 if二）根据常见的后缀辨别下列单词的词性。
1 scientist2 singer3 conversation4 beautiful5 loudly6 famous7 government8 dangerous9 instruction10 careful11 lively12 safeties13 national14 traditional15 illnesses16 wonderful17 competitions18 information19 successful20 natural21 illnesses22 lovely23 really24 friendly25 usually26 yearly27 advertisement友情提示:1.一个单词多种词性是很普遍的现象,这里的词性是指常见的词性 2.本题中加ly并不都是副词，小心为好！三）判断下列句子中划线单词的词性。
1、Mary dances well.2 His father is reading.3 Tom is looking for his watch.4 He often plays violin after school.5 Mr. Green works in a university.6 The teacher taught us an English song.7 I have bought this pen for two years.8 Nothing can live without water.9 You may keep this dictionary for two weeks.10 You can‘t agree with me .练习二找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的。
句子成分分析实操训练
句子成分分析实操训练为了提高句子成分分析的能力，需要进行实操训练。
通过大量的练习，可以熟练地识别句子中的各种成分，从而加深对语法知识的理解和应用。
本文将为大家介绍几个常见的句子成分，并提供相应的实操训练题，供读者练习使用。
一、主语主语是句子的核心成分，通常是谓语动词所指向的对象或者经过动词操作的实体。
一般情况下，主语位于谓语动词前面，帮助我们明确句子的主体是谁。
下面是一些例句，你需要分析出其中的主语。
1. 她明天会去看电影。
主语: 她2. 我们在湖边野餐。
主语: 我们3. 这本书是我买的。
主语: 这本书二、谓语谓语是句子的核心成分，用来说明主语的动作、状态或存在。
一般情况下，谓语动词位于句子的中心位置，起到连接主语和其他成分的作用。
下面是一些例句，你需要分析出其中的谓语。
1. 他每天早上六点起床。
谓语: 起床2. 他在图书馆读书。
谓语: 读书3. 我们去爬山。
谓语: 去三、宾语宾语是句子中与谓语相关的成分，表示动作的承受者或接受者。
宾语可以是名词、代词、句子、动词不定式等，有时也可以不出现。
下面是一些例句，你需要分析出其中的宾语。
1. 我喜欢吃苹果。
宾语: 苹果2. 妈妈给我买了一本新书。
宾语: 一本新书3. 她说她会来参加聚会。
宾语: 她会来参加聚会四、状语状语是句子中用来说明动作发生的时间、地点、方式等情况的成分。
状语一般可以修饰动词、形容词、副词等，并且可以出现在句子的各个位置。
下面是一些例句，你需要分析出其中的状语。
1. 他在公园里散步。
状语: 在公园里2. 我们认真地学习。
状语: 认真地3. 昨天我和他一起去看电影。
状语: 昨天、一起通过以上的实操训练，相信你对句子成分的分析有了更为深入的理解。
不断的练习可以提高我们的分析能力，使我们在写作和阅读中能够更加准确地理解句子的结构和含义。
希望本文对你有所帮助！。
英语高中句子成分练习题及讲解
英语高中句子成分练习题及讲解### English Sentence Structure Exercise for High School StudentsIn this exercise, we will explore the various components of English sentences. Understanding sentence structure iscrucial for effective communication in English. Let's begin with a brief overview of the main components of a sentence:1. Subject: The person, place, thing, or idea that the sentence is about.2. Predicate: What is said about the subject, usually containing a verb.3. Object: The receiver of the action, typically found in transitive verb sentences.4. Complement: Additional information that completes the meaning of the subject or object.5. Adverbial: Provides information about time, place, manner, etc.Now, let's dive into the exercises.#### Exercise 1: Identify the SubjectFor each sentence, underline the subject.1. The cat slept on the mat.2. She quickly finished her homework.3. The sun rises in the east.#### Exercise 2: Identify the PredicateCircle the predicate in each sentence.1. The children are playing outside.2. The flowers in the garden smell sweet.3. He has been studying for hours.#### Exercise 3: Identify the ObjectUnderline the object of the verb in the following sentences.1. She gave him a gift.2. The teacher explained the lesson to the class.3. They found the lost dog in the park.#### Exercise 4: Identify the ComplementUnderline the complement in the following sentences.1. The cake tastes delicious.2. He became a successful lawyer.3. She felt exhausted after the long journey.#### Exercise 5: Identify the AdverbialCircle the adverbial in each sentence.1. The concert starts at 8 PM.2. She sings beautifully.3. They will travel to France next summer.#### Exercise 6: Constructing SentencesUsing the given words, create sentences and identify thecomponents.1. (Subject: The dog, Predicate: barked, Adverbial: at the mailman)- The dog barked at the mailman.2. (Subject: We, Predicate: will go, Adverbial: to the beach, Complement: tomorrow)- We will go to the beach tomorrow.3. (Subject: The students, Predicate: are listening, Object: attentively, Complement: to the lecture)- The students are listening attentively to the lecture.#### Explanation of Answers- In Exercise 1, the subjects are "The cat," "She," and "The sun."- In Exercise 2, the predicates are "slept on the mat," "quickly finished her homework," and "rises in the east."- In Exercise 3, the objects are "a gift," "the lesson," and "the lost dog."- In Exercise 4, the complements are "delicious," "a successful lawyer," and "exhausted."- In Exercise 5, the adverbials are "at 8 PM," "beautifully," and "next summer."- In Exercise 6, the sentences are constructed with the given components, and the components are identified accordingly.Remember, practice makes perfect. Keep working on these exercises to improve your understanding of English sentence structure. Happy learning!。
句子成分
Exercises:分析句子结构
• • • • You are a student. He felt happy today. What you said made me happy. Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well? • After he finished his homework, he went away. • He likes pop music.
(三)宾语
动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语， 宾语可以由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名 词或从句充当。
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物(sth),是动作的承受者，间接宾语指人 (sb)，是动作对谁或为谁做的。 ↓ books. • He gave me ↓ some 直接 间接 宾语 宾语
（七）表语
它是系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征
常见的系动词有: • be(am,is,are,were,was), • appear, look,seem, • feel,smell,taste,sound,keep, • turn,become,get,grow,come,go etc. 注意：系动词不用于被动语态. • The apple tastes sweet.
1. The war was over.
2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. I’m not quite myself today. 5. Who was the first? 6. He is out of condition. 7. The book is what I need.
英语句子成分解析总结计划相关练习
英语句子成分剖析有关练习剖析以下句子的句子构造weareworking.。
Icanswimverywell.Thewaiterbroughtabottleofbeertome. Whydoesthewindblow? Therainhasbeenpullingdownforawholeday. BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic. Jimaskedyoutogivehisbestwishestoeveryone. Youmustgetthecarreadybytomorrow. Ihavealotofclothestowash. Hegavehissonsomeadviceonreading. Readmethefirstparagraph.I’veorderedsomesoupforyou. HebeganleaningEnglishtenyearsago. Mybeinglateworriedmyteacher. Thepresidenthimselfwouldvisitourschool.Aprilfool’Dayisthespecialdayofth eyear Heusuallytakesanapafterlunch.Igotitbackatonce. Hefinishedlunchandwentintothegarden. Thetelephonerang.Westudyhard.Hisfathermighthavedied.1.Willyouleavethedooropen/unclosedCanyoumakethedogstandstill?Thelandlordhadthemworkingdayandnight.Asoundknowledgeofgrammarisimportanttogoodwriting.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.Iwokeupat6:00inthemorning.Thebookweighsfivekilos.TheywillbeflyingtoLondon.15.Weareworking.主系表Icanswimverywell.主谓Thewaiterbroughtabottleofbeertome.主谓双宾/主谓宾状Whydoesthewindblow?风为何会吹主谓Therainhasbeenpullingdownforawholeday.雨已经下了一成天了。
英语句子成分分析及练习
英语句子成分分析菜鸟自学版此讲义为leon老师辛苦成果要的是真“功夫”——句子成分的分析这一节我们专门侃侃句子成分的分析，句子的成分主要有：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语，其中，主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语是句子的主干，定语、状语是句子的“枝叶”）的，（一只黑色的豿）a和black 都是定语，来修饰限定dog.，是一只（a）不是两只、三只，是黑色（black）不是白色的、黄色的等等介词短语在这里是作定语修饰book，课桌上（on the desk）上的那本书，不是房间里的、凳子上的等等.经常作定语的有哪些呢？主要有：形容词、介词短语、冠词、代词（比如：his book 中his 是来作定语来修饰book的）数词。
其中，形容词、介词短语作定语最常见，而且要注意其位置，形容词作定语一般在修饰词之前（前置定语），介词短语一般在修饰词之后（后置定语）。
在句子分析实践过程中我们可能常遇到的疑难问题。
1）是状语还是定语？区别是定语还是状语关键是看修饰什么词的，一般来讲，定语是来修饰名词或代词的，状语是来修饰谓语动词的。
例如；I like the book on the desk .你说这里的划线部分是作定语的还是作状语的呢？显然，是作定语的，因为如果是作状语的，那么就是来修饰动词like的，他在课桌上喜欢那本书，显然讲不通。
也就是说到底是定语还是状语一是根据它修饰的词二是根据句子意思看能否讲的通。
2）是状语还是宾语补足语？有时区别是状语还是宾语补足语会有一定的困难,大家看下面的例子：I found a book on the desk.大家可以试着分析分析这个句子，你会发现你把划线部分理解为句子的状语还是理解为宾语补足语都是讲的通滴，理解状语则为：我在课桌上发现了一本书。
理解宾补则为：我发现一本书在桌子上。
那到底是什么成分呢，要知道像这样的句子连语法学家整天都在争吵个不休，这个说是宾补，那个说是状语，所以遇到这种情况的话，就不要非的找出个结果来，不过这样的句子如果放到具体的上下文中，就只有一种理解了。
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Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
1.We are working. 我们在工作。
主系表
2.I can swim very well. 我游泳泳地很好。
主谓
3.The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me.
那个使者给我了一瓶啤酒。
主谓双宾/主谓宾状
4. Why does the wind blow? 风为什么会吹？主谓
5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day.
雨已经下了一整天了。
主谓
6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。
主谓宾
7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone.
吉姆请我把他的最好的祝愿带给每个人。
主谓宾补
8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow.
到明天为止你一定要把小车准备好。
主谓宾补
9. I have a lot of clothes to wash.
我有许多的衣服需要洗。
主谓宾，to wash做clothes的定语10. He gave his son some advice on reading.
他在阅读方面给了他的儿子一些建议。
主谓双宾
11. Read me the first paragraph. 给我读第一段。
主谓双宾
12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.
我已经为你要了一些汤。
主谓双宾
13. He began leaning English ten years ago.
十年前他开始学英语。
主谓宾
14. My being late worried my teacher.
我的迟到让我的老师很担心。
主谓宾，动名词短语My being late做主语
15. The president himself would visit our school.
总统将亲自参观我们的学校。
主谓宾
16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year
愚人节是一年中很特别的一天。
主系表
17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.
他通常在午饭之后要小睡一会儿。
主谓宾
18. I got it back at once. 我马上把它取回。
主谓宾
19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.
他吃完午饭后去了花园。
主+并列谓语
20. The telephone rang. 电话响了。
主谓
21. We study hard. 我们努力学习。
主谓
22. His father might have died. 他的父亲可能已经去世了。
主谓
23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed? 你要把门开着？主谓宾补
24. Can you make the dog stand still?
你能让那只豿站着不动吗？主谓宾补
25. The landlord had them working day and night.
地主让他们整天工作，主谓宾补
26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.
扎实的语法知识对于写作是重要的。
主系表
27. We all breathe, eat， and drink. 我们大家都要呼吸、吃和喝。
主谓
28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning。
我在早上6点钟起床。
主谓
29. The book weighs five kilos.
那本书重达10斤。
主谓，five kilos做状语
30. They will be flying to London. 他们将飞往伦敦。
主谓宾
31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me.
那个店员为我找到一些材料。
主谓双宾/主谓宾状
32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary.
他许诺说要给我一本新英汉字典。
主谓双宾
33. Please pass a newly- published to me.
请递给我一本新出版的。
主谓双宾/主谓宾状
34. He lived in Guang Zhou. 他住在广州。
主谓
35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees.
那位父亲正在给那个男孩演示怎么种树。
主谓双宾
36. His uncle left him some money.
他的叔叔留给了他一些钱。
主谓双宾
37. She has taught us English for 3 years.
她已经教我们英语三年了。
主谓双宾
38. I like popular music. 我喜欢流行音乐。
主谓宾
39. She knows what to do next.
她知道下一步怎么做。
主谓宾
40. I hate arriving late. 我讨厌来晚。
主谓宾
41. The meeting starts at three. 会议在三点开始。
主谓
42. My heart is beating loudly. 我的心跳的很厉害。
主谓
43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away.
汤姆的生日是在两星期之后。
主系表
44. He told me the news by telephone.
他是通过电话告诉我那个消息的。
主谓双宾
45. There are many people in the room.
房间里有很多人。
There be句型
46. He isn’t as tall as his brother.
他和他的哥哥不一样高。
主系表
47. I have a new sweater. 我有一件新运动衣。
主谓宾
48. It is important to learn a foreign language now.
现在去学一们外语是非常重要的。
主系表
49. Trees turn green in spring. 树木在春天变绿。
主系表
50. He wants to be a doctor. 他要成为一个医生。
主谓宾
51. He refused to help me. 他拒绝帮助我。
主谓宾
52. My teacher advises me to read English every day.
我的老师建议我每天读英语。
主谓宾补。