定语从句与同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别
同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么 如何区分
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同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么如何区分定语从句对先行词起修饰限定作用,有主次关系,先行词可为任何名词.同位语从句和前面的名词是并列关系,前面的名词一般包含着内容,如NEWS.定语从句引导词在从句中充当某种句子成分,同位语从句引导词在从句中不担当任何成分.同位语从句和定语从句的区别1同位语从句和定语从句的区别一,作用不同:同位语从句是解释说明名词的具体内容。
定语从句没有说明名词的具体内容,而是修饰某个名词或者代词。
二,可用同位语从句说明的名词大多数是抽象名词,主要有news , idea, fact, belief, question, truth, word(消息), doubt, evidence,order(命令)。
而定语从句所修饰的词既可以是抽象名词,也可以是具体的名词。
既可以是名词,也可以是those,anything,anybody,all这样的代词。
三,从句引导词不同:一般情况下,引导同位语从句的词主要是that。
当名词是question或者problem的特殊情况下,用于提问的疑问词一般都可以用在同位语从句中。
这包括:which, who, where, when, what , why等疑问词。
而定语从句中,一般情况下,that,which ,who,where ,where,why ,how等都可以引导定语从句。
2如何区分同位语从句和定语从句如果名词后的that从句是完整的,就是同位语从句;如果从句缺少主语或宾语,就是定语从句。
That从句在所有名词性从句中,都只是连接主从句的连词,没有任何意义,不在从句中充当句子成分;That从句在定语从句中是关系代词,不但连接主从句,还要指代被修饰的名词和代词(即先行词)在从句中做主语或宾语,也就是说定语从句中必定少个主语或宾语!。
英语八大从句类型总结
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英语⼋⼤从句类型总结英语⼋⼤从句类型总结 总结就是对⼀个时期的学习、⼯作或其完成情况进⾏⼀次全⾯系统的回顾和分析的书⾯材料,它可以促使我们思考,为此我们要做好回顾,写好总结。
总结你想好怎么写了吗?下⾯是⼩编收集整理的英语⼋⼤从句类型总结,欢迎阅读与收藏。
英语⼋⼤从句类型总结1 1.时间状语从句 (1)When---当……时候,通常指某⼀特定的时间点,主句与从句的动作同时发⽣。
(2)When---正在……的时候,突然…。
通常主句是进⾏时或be about to时,在翻译的时候,when可以译成没想到或突然。
(3)When当从句是进⾏时,主句是⼀般时,往往表⽰不满。
(4)When=after (5)While---在……期间,往往指⼀段时间。
(6)While---表⽰⼀种不满情绪,意思是这边在⼲某种重要的事,⽽另⼀边在享受等。
(7)As---⼀边……⼀边,随着 (8)The moment---⼀……就……=as soon as,immediately, 2.条件状语从句 引导状语从句的连接词有:If如果,unless除⾮,as long as只要,As(so)far as---据……所知,incase万⼀,provided that假如,on condition that若是,以…为条件。
3.地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where,wherever。
4.原因状语从句 because,as,since,now that,和considering that,seeing that这六个连词都⽤于表⽰表⽰原因,但在语⽓上⼀个⽐⼀个弱。
5.结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有:that,so that,so…that… 6.⽬的状语从句 引导⽬的状语从句的主要连词有:that,so that,in order that,for fear that,lest. 7. 让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有:Although,though,as,even if,even though,nomatter,however,whatever,while,whether。
高考英语语法专题讲解-定语从句_同位语从句_强调句p7
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高考英语语法专题讲解-定语从句、同位语从句、强调句1. 定语从句1.1 三步思考:(1)找出先行词;(2)看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);(3)选择合适的关联词。
1.2何时用that ?何时用which?1.2.1只能用that 的3种情况:(1)先行词被序数词最高级,以及the only 、the very the same、the last修饰过.(2)先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词.(3)先行词同时是人和物并列时.ter my father and Mr.Crosset talked of things and persons that they remembered in school.1.2.2 只能用which的情况:(1)介宾短语(2)指代前面的一件事e.g. He talked of it in a rude way which made me annoyed.1.3关系代词as(正如…)1.3.1 as在定语从句中作主语e.g.As appear from her paper ,she has read widely in Romantic literature.We have found such material as is used in their factory. (非同一块材料)We have found such material that is used in their factory.(同一块材料)1.3.2 as在定语从句中作宾语e.g.She is remarkable, as I have told you .She wears the clothes as she did last Sunday. (穿的是同一件)She wears the clothes as her sister does. (穿的不是同一件)1.3.3 as在定语从句中作表语e.g. He was not the same person as he ( was).(省略从句谓语时只能用as)=He was not the same person that he was.1.3.4 as的固定用法:As we know, = As is known to all that/ As is known to all, …1.4 all that和whatAll that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place.that引导定语从句that引导表语从句= What I know is that……What引导主语从句1.5 关系副词: where, when, why比较: This is the house where I lived 2 years ago.This is the house which I visited.I will never forget the day when I joined the army.I will never forget the day that we spent.....together.The reason...... why I am calling you is to invite you to my party.T he reason you gave me yesterday cannot be accepted.The reason is that I want you to come to my party.表语从句只要在定语从句中担任状语的,就用关系副词。
定语从句与强调句和状语从句的区别
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定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析众所周知,定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。
由此造成了这样一种现象:做题时,一遇到从句就往定语从句上想,尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型(主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句)也当作定语从句来理解,结果产生错误。
因此,从某个方面来说,解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。
一、定语从句与同位语从句定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后,形式上非常相似,尤其是由that引导时,最难区分。
实际上,两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同,与先行词的关系不同。
1. 句法功能不同定语从句相当于一个形容词,用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词(称为先行词)或整个句子;同位语从句则相当于一个名词,是先行词所述内容的展开,即说明先行词的具体内容。
定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分;而同位语从句中的引导词that(被称为连接代词)在从句中只起连接作用,不充当任何句子成分。
定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时,可以省略或被其他词代替;而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略,也不能被代替。
例1The news (that / which)we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。
例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。
点评:例1的中that从句是定语从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,用来限定the news,that在从句中作宾语,可省略。
例2中的that从句是同位语从句,其作用相当于一个名词,本身就是the news的内容,that不能省略。
2. 与先行词关系不同定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词,当that省略时,定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别(汇编)
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定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别一、定语从句1. 定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which;关系副词有:when, where, why。
2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句(1)限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,用于修饰和限定先行词。
如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。
例:This is the boy who broke the window.(2)非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语,对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。
如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。
书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。
例:I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3. 非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”:(1)非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
(2)非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which 代替。
例:I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.(3)由“介词+关系代词”引导时,关系代词不能用as。
(4)指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom,不能省略。
4. 在定语从句中,下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:(1)先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。
例:This is the best film that I have ever read.(2)先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。
定语从句和强调句的区分方法
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定语从句和强调句的区分方法1.结构不同:定语从句是一个从句,通常修饰一个名词或代词,而强调句是一个完整的句子,用来强调一个句子成分。
例句:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(定语从句)It is me who bought the book yesterday.(强调句)2. 位置不同:定语从句通常位于被修饰的名词或代词之后,而强调句则可位于句首、句中或句末,通常用it或者wh-词引导。
例句:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.(定语从句)It is my sister who is wearing a red dress.(强调句)3. 关键词不同:定语从句通常使用关系词(如that, who, which等)引导,而强调句则使用it is...that...或者it is...who...等结构来强调句子的一些成分。
例句:The movie that I watched last night was amazing.(定语从句)It was the movie that I watched last night that was amazing.(强调句)4.强调的程度不同:定语从句主要用来限定名词或代词,使其更具体,而强调句则是为了给一些成分更多的强调和重要性。
例句:I have a friend who can play the guitar very well.(定语从句,强调的是我有一个会弹吉他的朋友)It is my friend who can play the guitar very well.(强调句,强调的是我的朋友会弹吉他)通过注意以上几个特点,可以帮助我们区分定语从句和强调句的语法结构和意义。
强调句与定语从句
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强调句与定语从句篇一:强调句和各从句的区别一、定语从句与名词性从句句式结构用法比较定语从句常易与主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句相混淆。
判断的方法是:由关系代词或副词引起的句子直接充当句中某一成分,即为名词性从句;如果这个句子修饰前面的一个名词即先行词或指代整个句子的内容,即为定语从句。
例1. (1) As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month.(2) It is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month.比较:(1)两个句子之间有连接词,而且由逗号分隔。
根据前一分句意义“正如大家所知道的(众所周知)”分析,该句应用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句整个句子内容。
(2)两个句子之间有连接词that连接。
根据句意分析,that所引起的从句为主语从句,故该句应选用it作形式主语置于句首,引导主语从句。
例2. (1)Shenzhen is no longer what it used to be.(2) Shenzhen is no longer the place that it used to be.比较:(1)句中没有充当表语的名词,故应选用代词what(??样子)引起一个表语从句。
(2)句中表语名词the place 被it used to be所修饰,且充当其句中表语。
故应选用关系代词that指代先行词the place引起一个定语从句。
例3. (1) Please tell me the reason why he didn’t attend the meeting.(2) Please tell me why he didn’t attend the meeting.比较:(1)句中充当宾语的名词the reason被he didn’t attend the meeting所修饰,且充当句中的原因状语。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
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同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句从形式上来看十分相似,大多都由that来引导,都跟在名词或代词之后,这也很容易导致同学们在理解或做题时出现错误,而这两者在实质上是截然不同的,句法功能都有所不同,具体有哪些不同呢?以下是店铺精心为大家整理的有关同位语从句和定语从句的区别,希望对大家有所帮助,欢迎阅读。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别1同位语从句只能用that做连接词,且that在从句中不做成分,一般修饰idea,plan,assumption,suggestion等。
定语从句的连接词that只是众多连接词中的一个,that要做从句中的主语或宾语,先行词既可以是人,也可以是物。
1)Kelly thought of an idea. North Korean can kidnap an American in case tension with the U S. continue to escalate.这是两个独立的简单句,但都是完整的。
所以用句号。
把这俩合成一个句子就是,把句号去掉,第二个句子前加that。
先行词是idea。
kelly thought of an idea that North Korean can kidnap in case tension with the U.S. continue to escalate.Kelly相出了一个主意,在北韩与美国紧张持续升级的情况下,北韩可以绑架美国人。
在从句的谓语动词can kidnap前有它自己的主语north Korean。
that只起连接作用。
同位语从句的从句不缺主语和宾语2)Kelly thought of an idea. The idea made America administration very tense and strained.这也是两个简单句。
句子中间用句号。
但第二句的主语idea和第一句的idea是一个词。
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别教学提纲
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定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别一、定语从句1. 定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which;关系副词有:when, where, why。
2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句(1)限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,用于修饰和限定先行词。
如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。
例:This is the boy who broke the window.(2)非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语,对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。
如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。
书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。
例:I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3. 非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”:(1)非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
(2)非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which 代替。
例:I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.(3)由“介词+关系代词”引导时,关系代词不能用as。
(4)指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom,不能省略。
4. 在定语从句中,下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:(1)先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。
例:This is the best film that I have ever read.(2)先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。
强调句和各从句的区别
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一、定语从句与名词性从句句式结构用法比较 定语从句常易与主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句相混淆。
判断的方法是:由关系代词或副词引起的句子直接充当句中某一成分,即为名词性从句;如果这个句子修饰前面的一个名词即先行词或指代整个句子的内容,即为定语从句。
例1. (1) As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2) It is known to everyone that the moon travels round the earth once every month. 比较:(1)两个句子之间有连接词,而且由逗号分隔。
根据前一分句意义“正如大家所知道的(众所周知)”分析,该句应用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句,指代主句整个句子内容。
(2)两个句子之间有连接词that连接。
根据句意分析,that所引起的从句为主语从句,故该句应选用it作形式主语置于句首,引导主语从句。
例2. (1)Shenzhen is no longer what it used to be. (2) Shenzhen is no longer the place that it used to be. 比较:(1)句中没有充当表语的名词,故应选用代词what(……样子)引起一个表语从句。
(2)句中表语名词the place 被it used to be所修饰,且充当其句中表语。
故应选用关系代词that指代先行词the place引起一个定语从句。
例3. (1) Please tell me the reason why he didn't attend the meeting. (2) Please tell me why he didn't attend the meeting. 比较:(1)句中充当宾语的名词the reason被he didn't attend the meeting所修饰,且充当句中的原因状语。
三种易混从句的辨别
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三种易混从句的辨别专题策划:这样备考三类从句编者按:英语中有三类从句,即名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
这三类从句的学习、掌握和使用对同学们来说是一个颇为复杂的过程。
本专题通过对比分析这三大从句的区别,归纳三大从句与动词不定式的转换规律,希望能帮助同学们掌握区分从句与解答从句类考题的方法,并学会在书面表达中正确使用从句。
定语从句、同位语从句和状语从句有时候在形式上很相似,下面提供一些区分的方法。
一、定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系,而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容的。
that在定语从句中充当句子成分,可指物或人,而同位语从句中的that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接作用。
试比较:①The news(that/which)he told us was exciting.(定语从句,that/which在从句中作宾语,可以被省略)②The news that our team has won is exciting.(同位语从句,that从句是说明news的内容的,that在从句中不作任何成分,但不能省略)特别提醒:一般情况下,同位语从句紧跟在它所说明的名词之后,可是有时为了表达的需要,名词与从句之间被另外一些内容分隔开了,叫“分隔同位语从句”。
对于这类同位语从句,一定要根据句意,找准其所说明的名词。
例1 (2014年高考安徽卷)The exact year _____ Angela and her family spenttogether in China was 2008.A. whenB. whereC. whyD. which解析:本题中的定语从句的先行词是the exact year,后面的定语从句Angela and her family spent together in China中动词spent后面缺少宾语,所以使用关系代词which 引导这个定语从句,并在句中作宾语。
定语从句、状语从句和同位语从句
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复合句【语法要点】复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。
从句只用作句子的一个成分,不能独立。
根据从句在句子中的作用,可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。
(一)名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
其关联词有连接词that、if、whether;疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how、why等。
1.名词性从句句法结构:2.名词性从句的其它用法:1)if不能引导表语从句。
连接代词who、what、whose、which不能引导同位语从句。
2)有时as、as if/though、because也可以引导表语从句,能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be、seem、look等。
例如:Things are not always as they seem to be.事情并不总是像表面上看来的那样。
It looks as if it were going to rain. It is because you eat too much.3)介词宾语不可以用which来引导,而要用what来引导。
例如:We can learn what we did not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the .4)连词that引导的名词性从句除能用在except、but、in后之外很少作介词的宾语,。
其它一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步作形式宾语。
例如:He is a good student except that he is careless.You may depend on it that they will support you.5)若主句谓语动词是及物动词make、find、think、see、hear等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后,用it作形式宾语。
从句归纳 区分定语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句
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从句小结之欧侯瑞魂创作从句总述:从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类.由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句.1.主语从句(Subject Clause):用作主语的从句叫主语从句.引导主语从句的关联词有附属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等.2.表语从句(Predicative Clause):用作表语的从句叫表语从句.引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词年夜都一样.3.宾语从句(Object Clause):在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.4. 同位语从句(Appositive Clause):在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词暗示的具体内容.其关联词多为that. 状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等.宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:时态、语序、连接词.一:时态和语序1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态.2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态.3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时.语序:宾语从句只能用陈说句语序,坚决不能用疑问句语序.二:连接词①附属连词连接宾语从句的附属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导暗示陈说句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导暗示“是否”的宾语从句.例句:He told that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他下一年上年夜学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.②连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除指疑问外,也可以指陈说.例句:Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?③连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.三:动词的宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind 牢记例句:Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何毛病.四:可运用形式宾语it取代的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.例句:I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有需要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.例句:I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.五:介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句例句:We are talking about whether we admit students intoour club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.六:形容词的宾语从句一般来说形容词不能带宾语,更不能带宾语从句.但以下形容词除外:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,sur prised例句:I am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱愧我这么长时间在打搅你.七:if,whether在宾语从句中的区别①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句经常使用whether.③whether后可以加or not,可是if不成以.④在不定式前只能用whether.如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下.⑤防止歧异时,我们经常使用whether而不用if.八:哪些宾语从句不成以省略引导词that①当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不成以省略;②当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;九:宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess 等,而且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.例句:I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I t hink he won’t come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?★如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.例句:We find that he never listens to the teachercarefully,does he?我们发现他历来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?十:宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时的时候,从句只能用和过去相关的时态.例句:The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采用需要的办法镇压骚乱.★如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变动例句:The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.★宾语从句的拔出语形式例句:Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.同位语从句(Appositive Clause):在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词暗示的具体内容.其关联词多为that.一、如:I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息.I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你在这里.二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,messag e,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等,可展开来的笼统名词.如:I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了.三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等.根据句意决定该用哪一个.l have no idea When he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来.定语从句(Attributive Clause):用作定语的从句叫定语从句.定语从句一般皆放在被它所修饰的名(代)词之后,这种名(代)词就叫作先行词(Antecedent).引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词.关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等;关系副词在定语从句中用作状语.①引导定语从句的关联词有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why 和 which. 在非限制定语从句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整个句子, 多用which.例句:The dog that/which was lost has been found. (失踪的狗已经找到了.)Those who are in favor of the proposal are expected to discuss it in detail after the meeting. (有人认为那些对这个提案有兴趣的人最好是在会后再具体讨论它.)There are many organizations whose purpose is to help the homeless. (存在着许多旨在帮手无家可归者的组织.)②当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all, anything, nothing, something, everything 时,从句的引导词只能用that.The only thing that matters to the children is how soon they can have their holiday. (孩子们唯一关心的是他们什么时候放假.)These are the very points that puzzle me. (真正困扰我的是这些观点.)Is there anything that bothers you? (有什么事烦着你吗?)This is the best film that was ever produced by the company. (这部是那个公司有史以来拍摄得最好的片子.)③as 可做引导词引导定语从句, 多和such, the same 连用. 或者用在“从句比主句先发生”的情况,有“像……一样”之意.As 引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子, 既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头.例句:Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.(你描述的那一类人现在很少了.)The boy was run over by a motor-car, as often happened in pre-liberation Shanghai.(那个男孩被一辆摩托轧过去了,这种事在解放前的上海是很多见的.)As is often the case, the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.(正如往常一样,这个女孩又忘了带上字典.)④介词+which/whom/whose从句The driver is the man from whose room she had stolen the gold watch.(她就是从那个司机的房间偷了金表的.)Language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other.(语言就是人们用来和其他人交流的一种工具.)例题:Water dissolves a part of nearly everything _______ it comes in contact.a. whereb. that c with which d as soon as⑤代/名+介词+which 从句He is needing a book, the name of which I don't know.(他需要一本书,可是我不知道书名.)In factories and in our daily life, there are many waste materials, all of which can he turned into useful things under certain condition.(在工厂里,在我们的日常生活中都有很多垃圾,其实这些垃圾在某种情况下是可以转酿成有用的工具的.)同位语从句与定语从句的区别.1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或弥补一些情况.如:The news that l have passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的.(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容.)The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的.(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是另外消息.)2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充任任何成分,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充任主语、宾语或表语等.如:The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.计算机能够识他人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇.(that 在从句中不充任任何成分.)The idea that he gave surprises many people.他提出的观点令许多人感到受惊.(that在从句中作gave的宾语.)状语从句(Adverbial Clause):用作状语的从句叫作状语从句.其关联词是一些附属连词.修饰主句中的动词, 形容词和副词, 通常有附属连词引导, 按其意义和作用可分为时间, 地址, 条件, 原因, 让步, 目的, 结果, 方式, 比力.等分类1. 时间状语从句:1) 罕见连词有after,as,before,once,since,till,(not)until,when,whenever(no matter when),while, as long as…2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 刚做…就….No sooner had I opened the door than the telephone rang.3) 还有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc I’ll tell you about it the moment you come.I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter.2. 地址状语从句: 一般用where or wherever 引导I will stand where I can see the parade clearly.Wherever they went, they were warmly welcome.3. 条件状语从句:真实条件从句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etcI will not go to her party if she doesn’t invite me.I will not go to her party unless she invites me.4. 原因状语从句: 附属连词有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鉴于,由于) As the school regulations are written quite clearly,there is nothing more to be explained.Considering that the sweater was hard made, it was not expensive.Seeing that they are inexperienced, they are doing quite a good job.5. 让步状语从句:1): even if, though, even though, while(尽管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc.He will not give up smoking even though the doctor advises him to.Whatever the consequence may be, I will be on your side.However hard she tried to explain, nobody trusted her.It has been the same result, whichever way you do it.2) 由as 引起的让步从句, 语气较强烈,被强调的词须放在句首.Simple as the question may seem, it is not at all common in nature.Cold as it is, the children play outdoors.Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with him.Object as you may, I will go on with my plan.3) whether…or,不论…或…whether you be a student or a teacher, you are required to obey the regulations of the school.6. 结果状语从句: so that, so…that, such…thatHe is so humorous that we’ll never forget him.She is such a nice girl that everybody likes to make friends with her.7. 目的状语从句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in caseI checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.Telephone us in advance in order that we might make the necessary arragements.8.方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (ju st) as…so…, as if, as though引导.1)as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比如的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人.As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水.Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如清扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的工具.2)as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,暗示与事实相反,有时也用陈说语气,暗示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较年夜.汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如:They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的.(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气.)He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.他那样子就像被雷击了似的.(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气.)It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来.(实现的可能性较年夜,谓语用陈说语气.)说明:as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如:He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的.He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的.The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒.9. 比力状语从句:1) as…as, not so/as…asthe film was not so exciting as we expected.这部片子没有我们期待的一样精彩The history of nursing is as old as the history of man.She likes them almost as much as Paul does.2) 比力级+than, so much/a lot more thanShe looks much younger than she is.The universe is a lot more complicated than you think.3) no more…than, not more…than, less…thanJack is not more frightened than Mike is. 不像马克那么害怕Tom is no more rich than Black3) the more…the moreThe farther north you go, the severer the winter is.The more I see of him, the less I like him.。
如何区别定语从句与同位语从句
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如何区别定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句和同位语从句是两种不同的从句类型,可以通过以下几个方
面进行区别:
1.位置不同:定语从句通常位于被修饰名词的后面,而同位语从句通
常位于所说明的名词短语的后面。
例子:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (定语从句)
His belief that hard work pays off is admirable. (同位语从句)
2.作用不同:定语从句用于给出额外的信息来修饰或限制被修饰名词,而同位语从句用于给出同位补充说明、解释或重述被说明名词。
例子:The car that is parked outside is mine. (定语从句,修
饰名词"car")
I have no doubt that she will succeed. (同位语从句
3. 引导词不同:定语从句通常由关系词如that, which, who/whom, whose等引导,而同位语从句通常由连词如that, whether/if, how等引导。
例子:The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister. (定语
从句,引导词为"who")。
中考英语--that引导定语从句,同位语从句和强调句之比较
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中考英语--that引导定语从句,同位语从句和强调句之比较that这个词,用法极其广泛,除了是指示代词,也是各种各样从句的连词。
这里,我们来对比其在定语从句,同位语从句和强调句中的作用。
这也是很多英语学习者容易闹不清的点。
一. 定语从句我们首先要知道,定语从句中的连词,或者说关系词,典型的作用就是代替前面所修饰的名词或者代词(即先行词)在后面的定语从句中作成分。
这个成分可以是名词性成分,比如:主语,宾语等。
也可以是副词性成分,比如各种时间状语,地点状语,原因状语等等。
that在定语从句中,属于关系代词,所以是代替所修饰的先行词在定语从句中作名词性成分,常见的就是主语和宾语:例如:The girl that danced yesterday is my sister. 昨天跳舞的女孩是我妹妹。
(此处,that代替the girl在后面的定语从句中作主语,是发出danced这个动作的主语)The boy that you spoke to is my brother. 和你说话的那个男孩是我兄弟。
(此处,that代替the boy在后面的定语从句中作宾语,是动词短语spoke to的宾语。
二. 同位语从句要理解什么是同位语从句,我们需要先理解什么是同位语。
同位语:放在同一个位置,可以画等号的两个事物或者群体互为同位关系,通常后面的叫前面的同位语。
例如:I accept your suggestion to build a bridge here.2. I accept your suggestion that a bridge should be built here. 我接受你的建议——在此处搭建一座桥。
此处,句子1中to build a bridge here=suggestion,所以to build a bridge here和suggestion互为同位关系。
通常后面的to build a bridge here是前面suggestiond的同位语。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别比较同位语从句与定语从句的语法结构与功能
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同位语从句与定语从句的区别比较同位语从句与定语从句的语法结构与功能同位语从句与定语从句的区别比较同位语从句和定语从句是英语中两种常见的从句结构,它们在语法结构和功能上有着明显的区别。
本文将对同位语从句和定语从句进行比较,并分析其语法结构与功能相关的特点。
一、同位语从句与定语从句的定义1. 同位语从句:同位语从句是位于名词后面,用来解释说明或者补充名词意义的从句。
同位语从句通常由连词“that”引导,有时也可以使用其他连词或者疑问词。
例句1:I have no doubt that he will pass the exam.(同位语从句)例句2:She is worried about whether she can get the job.(同位语从句)2. 定语从句:定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它对先行词进行进一步说明。
定语从句通常由关系代词(如who,which,that)或者关系副词(如when,where,why)引导。
例句3:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(定语从句)例句4:I still remember the day when we first met.(定语从句)二、同位语从句与定语从句的语法结构比较1. 同位语从句的语法结构:主语 + 动词 + 同位语(从句)2. 定语从句的语法结构:先行词 + 关系代词/关系副词 + 谓语 + 其他成分三、同位语从句与定语从句的功能比较1. 同位语从句的功能:(1)同位语从句作为对名词进行解释和补充,起到进一步说明的作用。
例句5:I have a feeling that something bad is going to happen.(同位语从句)例句6:His hope is that he can study abroad next year.(同位语从句)(2)同位语从句可以用来表达说话人的观点、信念等,并引出对于主句的评价或者看法。
(完整版)定语从句、同位语从句和强调句
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必修二Unit1定语从句、同位语从句和强调句➢定语从句和同为语从句的区别1.从词类上区别同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word,thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等表示抽象意义的名词。
而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。
如:We are looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.我们正在调查的是他是否值得信赖的问题。
(同位语从句)Word came that he had gone abroad.据说他已经出国了。
(同位语从句)The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位医生在房间里面。
(定语从句,名词the doctor作先行词)Our team has won the game, which makes us very happy.(定语从句,which代表前面提到的整个句子)His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他妈妈尽最大努力帮他学习。
(定语从句,代词all作先行词)2.从性质上区别定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。
如:The news that our team has won the game is true。
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
(同位语从句,补充说明news的内容。
)The news (that) he told me yesterday is true。
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有哪些不同
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同位语从句和定语从句的区别主要有哪些不同同位语从句和定语从句的区别有作⽤不同、从句引导词不同、先⾏词在句中的作⽤不同、引导词作⽤不同等。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句形相似⽽实质不同,具体表现在以下⼏个⽅⾯:1)被修饰的词不同:同位语从句的前⾯⼀般是数量有限的、表⽰抽象意义的名词;⽽定语从句的先⾏词是数量⽆数的指⼈或物的普通意义名词。
2)先⾏词(同位语词)在从句的作⽤不同:同位语从句表⽰同位名词的具体内容,从句具有解释和说明先⾏词的作⽤,并且先⾏词在从句中不做任何成分;⽽定语从句是对先⾏词的限制、描绘或说明,先⾏词在从句中做⼀定的成分。
3)引导词不同:what, how, whether等不能⽤于引导定语从句,但可⽤于引导同位语从句。
4)引导词的作⽤不同:引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成分;⽽引导定语从句的that为关系代词,在从句中充当⼀定的句⼦成分。
5)判定定语从句和同位语从句的基本⽅法(或称⼟办法):由于同位语从句是⽤以说明和解释被修饰名词的具体内容的,所以它可以转换成同位名词的表语,构成我们所讲过的五种简单句中的 ”主系表结构”: 主语(先⾏词或称同位语词)+表语(同位语从句);⽽定语从句则不能做这种转换。
同位语从句和定语从句的例句1) The mistakethat he madehas cost great loss to the company.他犯的错误使公司损失惨重。
2) It's a great mistakethat he took the book without permission.他未经允许就拿⾛了那本书,这是⼀个很⼤的错误。
3)We have to do something about the factthat the city centre is overcrowded with vehicles.我们必须对市中⼼车辆拥挤的情况采取些措施。
定语从句与并列句,强调句,宾语从句,同位语从句的区别解析
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定语从句和同位语从句的区别
6.同位语从句前面通常没有逗号。而定语从句有非限制 性的。但要注意“同位语+定语从句”的这种句式。 Meeting my uncle after so many years is an exciting moment, ____ I will treasure forever. A. one B. the one C. that D. a one
( 6 )定语从句一般跟在先行词的后面,但有时先 行词和关系代词(副词)被介词短语等分隔开了。
答题技巧
判断定语从句引导词的一般思路 1. 明确引导词的常规用法 2. 明确定语从句的逻辑语序 一般说来,定语从句和其他各类从句一样采用陈述 句的语序,不同之处在于引导词要位于从句句首。 3. 明确句子成分的基本概念 一般说来,主语和宾语由名词或代词充当,而表 示时间、地点或原因的结构往往是句子的状语。 根据定语从句引导词的词性可以确定that,which, who,whom,as等代词性的引导词,先行词为物, 则用that或which,先行词为人,则用that或who (whom);而when,where,why等副词在从句 中作时间、地点或原因状语。
It was the house where he was born. 定语at he got sick. 强调句
It was midnight when he got sick. 定语从句 区分方法: 将句子中的“It was… that( when/ where)…” 结构去掉: 如若还能成完整的句子,则为强调句; 如若不能成完整的句子,则为定语从句。
定语从句和同位语从句的区别
1.同位语从句的先行词多数为抽象名词,比 如idea, thought, question, hope , belief, truth, news, fact, doubt, message, order, chance, possibility, proof, 等等。而定语 从句的先行词可以是很多n.或代词,有人, 有物,有时间,有地点,有原因,抽象名 词也可以成为定语从句的先行词。
定语从句与强调句和状语从句的区别教学文案
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定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析众所周知,定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。
由此造成了这样一种现象:做题时,一遇到从句就往定语从句上想,尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型(主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句)也当作定语从句来理解,结果产生错误。
因此,从某个方面来说,解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。
一、定语从句与同位语从句定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后,形式上非常相似,尤其是由that引导时,最难区分。
实际上,两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同,与先行词的关系不同。
1. 句法功能不同定语从句相当于一个形容词,用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词(称为先行词)或整个句子;同位语从句则相当于一个名词,是先行词所述内容的展开,即说明先行词的具体内容。
定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分;而同位语从句中的引导词that(被称为连接代词)在从句中只起连接作用,不充当任何句子成分。
定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时,可以省略或被其他词代替;而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略,也不能被代替。
例1The news (that / which)we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。
例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。
点评:例1的中that从句是定语从句,其作用相当于一个形容词,用来限定the news,that在从句中作宾语,可省略。
例2中的that从句是同位语从句,其作用相当于一个名词,本身就是the news的内容,that不能省略。
2. 与先行词关系不同定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词,当that省略时,定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。
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定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别一、定语从句1. 定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which;关系副词有:when, where, why。
2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句(1)限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,用于修饰和限定先行词。
如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。
例:This is the boy who broke the window.(2)非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语,对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。
如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。
书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。
例:I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3. 非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”:(1)非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
(2)非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which 代替。
例:I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.(3)由“介词+关系代词”引导时,关系代词不能用as。
(4)指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom,不能省略。
4. 在定语从句中,下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:(1)先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。
例:This is the best film that I have ever read.(2)先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。
例:He told me everything that he knows.(3)先行词中既有人又有物时。
例:He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.(4)先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在定语从句中作表语时。
例:The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.(5)当主句中含有疑问词which时;或者句中已经有who或which,为了避免重复时。
例:Which are the books that you bought for me ?5. 其他注意事项(1)当the way做先行词时,只用that, in which或不用关系词。
例:What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.(2)在限制性定语从句中,名词前有such和the same修饰时,关系代词用as不能用which。
例:Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.(3)在非限制性定语从句中,as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。
如果有“正如,像”的含义,可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面,那么用as;而which引导的从句只能放主句后,并无“正如”的意思。
例:They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.6. 定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词;但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分,使它与先行词分隔开来,这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句。
在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况,阅读时要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。
(1)在定语从句加中插入语,常见的有:I think, I suppose, I guess, I imagine等。
辨别的方法是:去掉插入语后,原句句法结构仍然完整。
例:He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of importance to science .(2)在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语。
例:There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.(3)在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语。
例:Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamondnecklace?你还记得吗,十年前的一天下午,我来到你家,找你借了一条钻石项链?(4)先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。
此时,先行词通常是句子的主语,因定语从句较长,主句谓语较短,为使句子平衡,常将定语从句移至谓语之后。
例:A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.7. 几个特殊的定语从句句型(1)He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match. (句中one为先行词)He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match. (句中students 为先行词)(2)Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday? (句中the one为先行词)Is this the place (that / which) we visited yesterday ? (句中the place为先行词)(3)He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.(4)It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.8. 定语从句的做题方法:(1)找出主句,确定先行词;(2)找出从句,判断从句是否完整(是否符合简单句的基本构成)--- 否,用关系代词;是,用关系副词。
二、同位语从句1. 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
同位语从句对名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,而且不能省略。
例:The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.2. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。
例:He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.三、定语从句与同位语从句的区别1. 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时可以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语);而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分。
2. 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述先行词的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明。
例:The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语。
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分,用于说明news的内容。
【注意】当主句的谓语部分过短时而从句过长时,同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面,避免头重脚轻。
例:Word came that our team had won the game.四、定语从句与状语从句的区别1. 定语从句的前面有名词作先行词,而状语从句没有先行词。
例:This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.这是几年前我们居住的地方。
(定语从句,先行词为the place)Let’s go where we can find a better job.我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。
(地点状语从句)2. 定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词,只能放在先行词的后面,而状语从句说明动作发生的情况,并且可以放在主句的前面。
例:Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗?(定语从句)When the class was over, it was already five o’clock. 当下课时己经是5点了。
(时间状语从句)3. When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词+which”的结构来替换,在引导状语从句时却不行。
例:This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked.这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。
(定语从句)Put back the book where it was. 把书放回原处。
(状语从句)4. 定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分,因此去掉它则从句成分不完整;而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分,去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。
例:It is such an interesting book as we all like.as用作动词like的宾语,它引导的是定语从句。
It is such an interesting book that we all like it.that不充当句子成分,故它引导的是结果状语从句。
五、强调句1. 强调句型的基本结构:It is / was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状等) + that / who +句子的其余部分。
例:It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语)2. 强调句中含有not until的句子在强调not until句型时,not 位于until从句前,主句谓语动词作相应变化,即it is (was) + not until +从句或者短语+ that +其它..例:It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.六、定语从句与强调句的区别1. 定语从句中关系词作从句成分,关系词作宾语时可省略;强调句中that / who没有任何意义且不能省略。