中考英语语法之---简单句和复合句
【中考英语语法大汇总】:句子的类型 复合句
【中考英语语法大汇总】:句子的类型(一)句子类型概述句子的类型一共有三种:简单句、并列句和复合句。
复合句中的宾语从句与状语从句是中考的重要考查内容。
宾语从句考点:(1)一连词的选择;(2)主句与从句时态的呼应;(3)宾语从句的语序问题;(4)宾语从句和状语从句的区分。
状语从句考点:(1)主句与从句的时态呼应问题;(2)连接词的选择(注意区别几组连接词:while/ as/ when引导时间状语从句;because/ since/as/for引导原因状语从句;if/unless引导条件状语从句;so... that/such...that引导结果状语从句等。
(二)基础知识梳理1.简单句只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。
如:Neither Bruce nor Susan can speak French.Mother bought a new schoolbag for me at the beginning of this term.2.并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。
两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。
常见的并列连词有and,but,or,so,for等。
如:Go straight on and you will find a toilet.I would like to go with you, but I can't.Hurry or you will be late.She practices every day, so she plays the piano very well.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.3.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。
主句是句子的主体,从句是句子的一个成分,不能独立使用。
下面总结一下初中阶段的主要从句。
1)宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。
中考语法复习(简单句、复合句)
第11讲:2018中考复习之语法专题(简单句&复合句)A. 简单句命题点1:五大基本句型1. The structure of the sentence “The students visited the museum.” is .A. S+VB. S+V+DOC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC2. kind of, you, what, like, do, music (连词成句)?????命题点2:疑问句7. –There is a beautiful park near your school, ?--Yes. I often go walking there.A. is thereB. isn’t thereC. are thereD. aren’t there8. –Haven’t you heard of a person called Zhang Cunhao?-- . He is a famous scientist and won the 2013 Top Science andA. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I didC. No, I haven’tD. No, I didn’t9. –Tom is an honest boy, he?--Yes. We trust him all the time.A. isn’tB. isC. doesD. doesn’t10. –Did Alice tell you to get to the station?A. howB. whatC. whenD. where11. Listen up, everybody! Show me your licence. Don’t ask . Just do it!A. whatB. whenC. howD. why12. –That’s to say, sandstorms seldom hit that area, they?--No, but things are different now.A. doB. don’tC. didD. didn’t13. -- is your brother?--A bank clerk. He works in a bank near my home.A. WhereB. HowC. WhatD. Which14. -- would you like to stand up and answer the question?’s too difficult.A. WhoB. WhereC. WhoseD. Which15. –do you like playing ping-pong?--Because it is relaxing.A. HowB. WhenC. WhyD. Where16. –did you last see him?A. WhereB. WhyC. HowD. When17. –Did she do her homework last night?-- . She forgot it.B. Yes, she isC. No, she doesn’tD. No, she didn’t18. –Mom, is my football?--It’A. whyB. whereC. howD. when19. Lucy has never been to the big city, she?A. doesn’tB. hasn’tC. hasD. does20. –Brian does well in math, doesn’t he?-- . He always gets good scores in his math exams.B. Yes, he doesC. No, he doesn’tD. No, he didn’t 命题点3:how词组21. –have you studied in this school?--For nearly three years.A. How oftenB. How farC. How muchD. How long22. –do you go to Mrs Rainbow’s colour therapy?A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How far23. -- is it from Suqian to Jiuzhai Valley?--About 1,200 kilometres away. But I’m not sure.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How far24. –will Jenny return to China?--In three days.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How far25. -- does Nancy help the old lady with her housework?--About twice a week.A. How oftenB. How longC. How muchD. How soon26. –I went from a school desk to a ship in my teens.-- days would you be at sea? Homesick?B. How manyC. How muchD. How soon27. -- do I need to feed the pet dog?A. How longB. How muchC. How soonD. How often28. -- can you be ready, Andy?--In ten minutes.A. How muchB. How oftenC. How longD. How soon29. –Jean, there is little milk in the fridge. We need to buy some.--OK, Mum. do we need?A. How muchB. How manyC. How oftenD. How long 命题点4:there be句型与主谓一致30. –Mum, of my classmates glasses.A. three-fourths; wearsB. three-fourth; wearC. three-fourth; wearsD. three-fourths; wear31. Watch out, Peter! is a little boy playing ahead on the road.A. It C. That D. There32. About of the earth covered with water, but we have lessA. three-fourth; isB. three-fourths; isC. three-fourth; areD. three-fourths; are33. There a charity show at the school hall next week.A. wasB. will beC. has beenD. are34. Now the number of Chinese people working in Africa more than one million.A. isB. areC. wasD. were35. Last winter it was very cold and was a lot of snow in the north.A. itB. thisC. thatD. there36. Look! There a photo of our English teacher in today’s newspaper!A. isB. areC. haveD. has37. –What’s in the glass? -- some milk in it.A. There hasB. There haveC. There areD. There is38. Not only my friends but also I interested in football and Messi is our favourite star.A. beB. amC. isD. are39. Nancy and I felt embarrassed because everyone except us in an evening dress for the party.A. isB. areC. wasD. were命题点5:感叹句40. fine weather it is! Let’s go on a picnic!A. What aB. WhatC. HowD. How a41. –Have you heard that Lin Tao saved his neighbour from a big fire last night?--Yes. brave young man he is!B. How aC. WhatD. What a42. –Did you watch the China’s Military Parade on TV?--Yes. great it was!A. HowB. WhatC. How aD. What a43. –Let’s go to Luoma Lake and take the Ferris Wheel(摩天轮) to enjoy the view of Suqian.-- interesting idea!A. WhatB. What anC. HowD. How an44. good time we have had in the junior middle school!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a45. –It is raining again. We haven’t seen the sun for weeks.-- weather it is!B. What badC. How goodD. How bad46. -- bad news! We didn’t win the 15th Sudirman Cup.A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a47. excellent translator! Zhang Lu became famous because of her wonderful translation about the poems.A. HowB. What anC. How anD. What a48. wonderful the Beijing Opera is! It is popular in China.B. WhatC. How aD. What an49. –Tony, look! terrible mess you have made!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How命题点6:祈使句50. Daniel, play with the mobile phone while you’re walking in the street.A. don’tB. doesn’tC. won’tD. can’t51. (not swim) in the river. It’s not safe.52.--Just going for two more blocks and you’ll see it.B. to keepC. keepingD. keeps53. Mark, basketball before you finish your homework.A. playB. to playC. don’t playD. not play54. –This afternoon’s exam is important to all of you. careful, please.--OK. We will.A. BeB. BeenC. BeingD. To beB. 复合句命题点1:宾语从句1. Today is Father’s Day, I’m thinking about .A. what present I gave my fatherB. if I planned a party for my fatherC. how I can give my father a surpriseD. where will my father and I have a big meal2. –Could you please tell me “The Reader”, a TV programme hosted by Dong Qing?--Well, it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge.A. how do people likeB. how people likedC. why do many people likeD. why many people like3. The girl students are discussing the walls in the classroom.A. what to paint colourB. to paint what colourC. which colour to paintD. to paint which colour4. –Helen, could you tell me living in the countryside?--Perhaps next weekend.A. why you will visit your grannyB. when will you visit your grannyC. when you will visit your grannyD. why will you visit your granny5. –I wonder . –Yes, of course.B. when we will get to the museumC. whether the museum is worth visitingD. what we can see in the museum6. –Could you tell me ?--Every four years. The 24th will take place in China in 2022.A. how long the Winter Olympic Games lastB. how long do the Winter Olympic Games lastC. how often are the Winter Olympic Games heldD. how often the Winter Olympic Games are held 7. In the UK, a lady usually doesn’t like to be asked .A. whether has she got marriedC. where she comes fromD. how much she weighs8. –Could you tell me ? --Sometimes, if I have time.A. how often you go to see a filmB. how long you do your homeworkC. how much time you spend on your hobbiesD. how soon will you go to see your grandparents9. –Can you tell me ? I want to pay a visit to him.A. where does Jim liveB. where did Jim liveC. where Jim livesD. where Jim lived10. –Could you tell me ?’ll find it.A. how can I get to the post officeB. where is the post officeC. which the way to the post office isD. how far the post office is11. People in Yancheng are proud of they have achieved in the past thirty years.A. howB. whichC. whatD. when12. We haven’t decided yet we will place our new furniture.A. whereB. whatC. whyD. which13. The police officer stopped us and asked us where .A. were we goingB. we were goingC. are we goingD. we are going14. –Have you decided this summer holiday?--Yes. To Paris.A. where do you goB. where you goC. where will you goD. where you will go15. –Do you know The Belt and Road Forum began?--On May 14th, 2017.A. thatB. whenC. ifD. where16. –I saw David in the teacher s’ office this morning. Do you know he was there?--He went there to hand in his homework.A. howB. whetherC. whenD. why17. Simon is a boring man. I don’t understand Mary picked him to be her friend.A. whatB. whyC. ifD. when18. –Could you please tell me you saw this kid?A. whenB. howC. whereD. what19. –It’s important for us to know to study all the subjects.--Yeah, group work is my favourite.A. howB. whenC. whichD. what20. –Our English teacher looks so charming and active.--Yes, her age is still a secret. Nobody in our class knows .A. what’s her nameB. how old is sheC. what her name isD. how old she is21. –It is so noisy here that I didn’t hear . Could you please say it again?--No problem.A. what you saidB. what you sayC. what you will sayD. what you want to say22. –Your new bike looks cool. I wonder . –My uncle.A. who bought it for youC. when did you buy itD. when you bought it23. –Excuse me, could you tell me ?--Go along the street. It’s on your right.A. where the bank isB. where is the bankC. where was the bankD. where the bank was24. I have told the truth to Jim, but he still doubts .A. why I told a lieB. whether did I tell a lieC. why did tell a lieD. whether I told a lie25. –Could you tell me ? --At a robot shop.B. where Mr Jiang bought the robotC. why Mr Jiang bought the robotD. why did Mr Jiang buy the robot26. --I don’t know or not.--Neither do I. You may ask his teacher.A. whether he is at schoolB. if he is at schoolC. that he is at schoolD. whether is he at school27. Wendy wants to do a project on recycling. She wonders .A. that she will do something to make a differenceB. if the project can encourage everyone to recycleC. how can she help others to recycle useful materialsD. when the project is carried out to improve living conditios28. –Where is the key to the car, Li Tao?--I can’t remember last night.A. where did I put itB. where I put itC. how I got itD. how did I get it29. The winter holiday is coming. Everyone is thinking about .A. where are they going for travellingB. what are they going to do for funC. how they will spend the holidayD. how much homework they would have命题点2:状语从句30. “I’m a singer”is an interesting TV show many people like watching it.A. so; thatB. such; thatC. so; asD. such; as31. His jokes about April Fool’s Day are funny that I can’t help laughing.A. suchB. veryC. soD. too32. You can arrive in Beijing earlier you don’t mind taking the night train.A. beforeB. whenC. unlessD. if33. I love the air it rains because it smells fresh, especially in this areaA. sinceB. afterC. beforeD. whenever34. Mike didn’t win the race, he was still wearing a smile on his face.A. IfB. SinceC. ThoughD. Because35. The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair he wanted to sit next to his wife.A. althoughB. unlessC. becauseD. if命题点3:定语从句36. –What do you think of the TV programme called Readers?--Wonderful! It is the best programme I have ever watched.A. whenB. that D. who37. A true friend is one always knows you and loves you.A. what C. where D. whose38. I prefer movies give me something to think about.A. whoB. whoseC. whereD. that39. There are some words can cross countries and culture, such as “OK”, “huh” and “mama”.A. whatB. whichC. whoseD. /参考答案:A.简单句1. B2. What kind of music do you like?3. Is it nice of you to come here?4. Will the plane take off in two hours?5. Was the musician born in Shijiazhuang?6. Are you supposed to clean the blackboard?7~10 BAAC 11~15 DCCAC 16~20 DDBCB 21~25 DADBA 26~30 BDDAD 31~35 DBBAD 36~40 ADBCB 41~45 DABBB 46~50 ABAAA 51. Don’t swim 52~54 ACAB.复合句1~5 CDCCC 6~10 DDACC 11~15 CABDB 16~20 DBAAD 21~25 AAADB 26~30 ABBCB 31~35 CDBCC 36~39 BBDB。
中考英语讲解:有关简单句、复合句和并列句的知识疏理
中考英语讲解:有关简单句、复合句及并列句的知识疏理1. 简单句:(1)定义:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子叫简单句,如:We learn English . 我们学英语。
(一个主语和一个谓语)Both Xiao Zhang and Xiao Wang are from Beijing .小张和小王都是北京人。
(一个并列主语和一个谓语)He once lived and worked here .他曾经在这里居住和工作过。
(一个主语和一个并列谓语)My father and mother go to work at seven in the morning and come back home at eight in the evening .我父母早上七点上班,晚上八点回家。
(一个并列主语和一个并列谓语)(2)分类:上次我们对简单句按照句子基本结构分出的5种类型做了阐述;另外,根据句子的功能或使用目的,简单句可分四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。
2. 并列句:(1)定义:用并列连接词连接起来的两个或两个以上简单句叫做并列句。
(2)并列句的构成:简单句+连接词+简单句(3)连接并列句常用的连接词:and , but , or , so , not only … but also , however , neither…nor , either…or , still等。
eg.I help her and she helps me . 我帮她,她帮我。
He is very old but he is in good health . 他年纪很大了,但他身体很好。
We must hurry or we’ll be late . 我们得赶快走,不然就晚了。
This girl did her work carefully , so she never made any mistakes .这个姑娘工作认真,从不出差错。
(完整word)中考英语语法专题————被动语态、 主谓一致、倒装 、简单句、并列句 、复合句
【中考英语专项复习-(一)语态:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者.例如:Many people speak Chinese.\\谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.例如:Chinese is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
(二)被动语态的构成be的变化表现出来(三)(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如:This bridge was founded in 1981。
这座桥竣工于1981年。
(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
例如:Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语.(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
例如:They make the bikes in the factory. → The bikes are made by them in the factory。
He cut down a tree. → A tree was cut down by him.(五)被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby—sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
2024年中考英语语法学习之句子成分及句型分类
2024年中考英语语法学习之句子成分及句型分类一、句子成分主语主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,它是句子的动作或状态的执行者。
例如:“The cat is sleeping.”中的主语是“cat”。
主语通常位于句子的开头,用来说明句子的主要信息。
在简单句中,主语和谓语构成完整的句子。
在复合句中,主语通常在谓语之前,用逗号与谓语分开。
例如:“I love the way you think.”中的主语是“I”,谓语是“love”。
在并列句中,主语可以与谓语之间用连词连接。
例如:“I want to eat pizza, but I also want to eat rice.”中的主语是“I”,谓语是“want to eat”,宾语是“pizza”和“rice”。
谓语谓语是句子中的主要动词,它表示主语的动作或状态。
例如:“The cat is sleeping.”中的谓语是“is sleeping”。
谓语通常位于句子的末尾,用来说明主语的动作或状态。
在简单句中,谓语和主语构成完整的句子。
在复合句中,谓语通常在主语之后,用逗号与主语分开。
例如:“I love the way you think.”中的谓语是“love”。
在并列句中,谓语可以与主语之间用连词连接。
例如:“I want to eat pizza, but I also want to eat rice.”中的谓语是“want to eat”,宾语是“pizza”和“rice”。
宾语宾语是句子中的动作的承受者,通常是名词或代词。
例如:“The cat is sleeping on the mat.”中的宾语是“mat”。
宾语通常位于谓语之后,用动词的适当形式表示。
在简单句中,宾语通常是直接宾语,即动作的执行者。
在复合句中,宾语可以是间接宾语或直接宾语。
例如:“I gave her a book.”中的宾语是“her”,而“a book”则是直接宾语。
英语语法句式zhongkao
英语语法句式zhongkao
中考英语语法句式主要包括以下几种:
1.简单句:只有一个主语和一个谓语的句子,如“I love music.”(我
爱音乐。
)
2.并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词(如and, but,
or等)连接而成的句子,如“I like reading, but I don't like sports.”
(我喜欢阅读,但我不喜欢运动。
)
3.复合句:由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子,如“I know
that he is coming tomorrow.”(我知道他明天会来。
)其中,“I
know”是主句,“that he is coming tomorrow”是从句。
在中考英语语法中,还需要掌握各种时态、语态、名词的数、冠词和形容词的格等基础知识。
此外,还需要注意一些常用的语法规则和技巧,如倒装句、省略句、强调句等。
为了备考中考英语语法,建议多做一些语法练习和模拟题,加强语法规则的掌握和应用能力。
同时,也可以多阅读英文文章,提高对英语语法和句型的理解和应用能力。
中考英语一轮语法复习简单句、并列句和复合句试题(共13页)
简单句、并列句和复合句【简单句的五种(wǔ zhǒnɡ)根本句型】1.定义:假如句子只有一个主语或者者并列主语和一个谓语或者并列谓语动词,这样的句子称为简单句。
2.根本构造一共有5种,分别是:〔1〕. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] The children are playing happily.〔2〕. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [S+V+O] The Greens enjoy living in China.〔3〕. 主语+谓语+表语 [S+V+P]常见的系动词有:be(是); get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得),look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。
如:〔4〕. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [S+V+IO+DO]这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。
也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,但要加介词for或者to。
如:① My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me.② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.〔5〕. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [S+V+O+OC] We must keep our school clean.【感慨(gǎnkǎi)句】What +adj.+n.+主语+谓语!How+adj./adv.+ 主语+谓语!〔2021 〕1.Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River.________great courage he showedA. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How〔2021 〕2.- What________ programme is so attractive?- The guard of honor of the PLA are taking part in the parade on Red Square.-______ exciting eventA. How aB. What anC. How anD. what a【特殊疑问句】〔2021 〕1.---______ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Army?---- To learn about different styles of school uniforms.A. WhatB. WhereC.WhyD. Which祈使句〔2021 〕Daniel, _______play with the mobile phone while you are walking in the street.A. don’tB. doesn’tC. won’tD.can’t并列句复习(fùxí)学案并列句是由两个或者两个以上的简单句连接而成。
全国各地中考英语试题---简单句、并列句、复合句、感叹句、倒装句等考题
2019年全国各地中考英语题库----简单句、并列句、复合句、感叹句、倒装句等考题(注:红色选项为该题正确答案)一、简单句---特殊疑问句1.(2019四川自贡)---do teenagers need to sleep?---At least eight hours a night.A. How longB. How manyC.How often2.(四川达州)---______ is the population of China now, Jack?---Let me think for a moment, it is about _______.A.How many; 1,400millionB.What; 1,400millionC.What;140millionD.How many; 140million3.(2019江苏宿迁)---_________do you sleep every day, Eric?---For about eight hours.A. How muchB. How fastC. How oftenD. How long4.(2019江苏连云港)---__________ have you worked here?---For just one month.A. How oftenB. How longC. How soonD. How much5.(2019安徽)---I wonder ____ the students have a physical examination.---Once a year.A. how farB. how soonC. how longD. how often6.(2019江苏南京)--- will the Jinniu Lake Animal Kingdom be open?---Maybe in the second half of this year.A. WhenB. WhoC. WhatD. Where7.(2019四川乐山)---_____are the students in your class?----Most of them are only fourteen.A. How longB. How manyC. How old8.(2019甘肃庆阳)_______ pencil is this, Tom’s or Henry’s?A. What B When C. Who D. Whose9.(2019江苏扬州)---I ’m tired out after three-day work day and night.----_____ relax yourself? Go out and enjoy the natural beauty.A. Why notB. Why don’tC. What aboutD. Shall we10.(2019甘肃敦煌)----________.----At least three times.A.How much do you pay for Treasure Island?B.How often have you read Treasure Island?C.How long does it take you to finish reading Treasure Island?D.How many times have you read Treasure Island?11.(2019甘肃兰州)----____ is it from Lanzhou to Lisa?----It’s about 2,160 kilometers.A. How oftenB. How farC. How longD. How many12.(2019江苏淮安)–--Mr Black, _______ will the parents’ meeting last?---It’s hard to say. Maybe one hour more.A. how longB. how muchC. how farD. how often13.(2019四川眉山)---- Dad, can we reach Huangguoshu Waterfall?----In about an hour.A. how longB. how soonC. how oftenD. how far14.(2019福建)----________ is the Hong Kong ---Zhuhai---Marcao Bridge ?----55 kilometers。
英语语法中的简单句和复合句
英语语法中的简单句和复合句在英语学习中,语法是一项非常重要的内容。
在英语语法中,句子是其中最基本的部分,而句子可以分为简单句和复合句两种。
本文将详细介绍英语语法中的简单句和复合句,以帮助读者更好地掌握英语语法知识。
简单句简单句是最基本的英语语法单元。
简单句由一个主语和一个谓语构成,用来表达一个完整的思想。
在构成一个简单句时,需要遵循以下的基本规则:1. 主语应该在谓语之前。
2. 谓语动词必须有一个主语,否则句子就不完整。
例如:I am a teacher.(我是一名老师。
)She eats breakfast every day.(她每天都吃早餐。
)简单句可以包含其他成分,如形容词、副词和介词短语等,以进一步描述主语或谓语。
例如:My sister is a kind and beautiful girl.(我的妹妹是一个善良美丽的女孩。
)He reads books quickly in the library.(他在图书馆快速地读书。
)复合句复合句由两个或两个以上的句子组成,其中每个句子都被称为一个从句。
复合句可以用来表达更复杂的思想,从而增强表达的准确性和丰富性。
由于复合句包含两个或两个以上的独立句子,因此在构建复合句时需要特别注意以下事项:1. 从句要有一个主语和谓语,就像一个简单句一样。
2. 从句前后需要标出标点符号,以区分两个句子。
3. 从句要被放在一个主句中,构成一个完整的复合句子。
例如:When I woke up this morning, it was raining heavily outside.(当我今天早上醒来时,外面下了很大的雨。
)Although he is busy, he always finds time to help others.(尽管他很忙,但他总是能找到时间帮助别人。
)复合句有三种类型:条件句、时间句和原因句。
每一种类型的复合句都有自己的结构和用法规则。
简单句与复合句的区别
简单句与复合句的区别在英语语法中,句子是基本的语言单位,可以通过不同的结构和组合方式来表达不同的意义。
简单句和复合句是两种常见的句子结构,它们在构成方式、语法结构和表达意义上有着明显的区别。
本文将对简单句和复合句的区别进行分析和说明。
一、简单句的特点简单句由一个主谓结构构成,即一个主语和一个谓语。
主语用来指代或描述句子所要表达的对象,而谓语则包含一个动词,用来表达关于主语的陈述、描述或行为。
简单句的特点如下:1. 结构简单:简单句只有一个主谓结构,通常只包含一个独立的分句。
2. 意义明确:简单句能够独立表达完整的意义,能够清晰明确地传达信息。
3. 句子短小:由于结构简单,简单句通常较短,长度相对较小。
以下是一些简单句的例子:1. She dances.2. They are eating.3. He sleeps soundly.二、复合句的特点复合句由两个或更多个分句组成,每个分句都可以独立表达一定的意义。
不同的分句通过连接词、连词或逗号等连接起来,相互之间存在一定的关联和依存关系。
复合句的特点如下:1. 结构复杂:复合句由两个或更多个分句构成,每个分句可以包含一个主谓结构或其他句型结构。
2. 建立联系:复合句中的分句通过各种连接词或连词来建立联系和衔接,形成逻辑上的关联。
3. 表达多样:由于分句的组合方式不同,复合句可以表达各种复杂的逻辑关系和语义内容。
以下是一些复合句的例子:1. She dances, and he sings.2. Although it was raining, they still went for a walk.3. He sleeps soundly because he is exhausted.三、简单句与复合句的区别简单句和复合句在结构、意义和使用上存在着明显的差异。
下面是简单句和复合句的几个区别:1. 构成方式:简单句由一个主谓结构组成,而复合句由两个或更多个分句构成。
初中英语知识点归纳简单句和复合句的构成
初中英语知识点归纳简单句和复合句的构成初中英语知识点归纳:简单句和复合句的构成英语句子的基本结构可以分为简单句和复合句两种形式。
简单句由主语和谓语构成,表达一个完整的意思;而复合句由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成,通过连接词将它们连接起来,扩展句子的含义和信息。
一、简单句的构成简单句是英语语法中的基本单位,主要由主语和谓语组成。
主语指出句子的主体,而谓语则对主语进行陈述或描述。
主语:主语可以是一个单词、名词短语、代词或者从句。
它通常回答“谁”或“什么”的问题。
谓语:谓语是动词的一部分,用来说明主语的动作或状态。
谓语可以是及物动词(后面跟宾语)或不及物动词(后面不跟宾语)。
例子:1. I play basketball.(我打篮球。
)2. They are swimming in the pool.(他们正在游泳池里游泳。
)二、复合句的构成复合句是由主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子。
主句独立存在,而从句则依赖于主句来完成意思。
从句:从句是由连接词引导起来的句子,在复合句中充当特定的语法角色。
常见的从句有名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
连接词:连接词用于引导从句,根据从句的类型有不同的连接词。
如:“that, if, whether”引导名词性从句,“which, who, whom, whose, that”引导定语从句,“when, while, since, until”引导状语从句等。
例子:1. She said that she would come.(她说她会来。
)2. I don't know who he is.(我不知道他是谁。
)三、简单句和复合句的比较简单句和复合句在表达能力和信息量上有所不同。
简单句通常用来表达简单的观点、事实或描述。
它直接明了,简洁明了。
然而,简单句的信息量有限,不能很好地表达复杂的关系和逻辑。
相比之下,复合句更加丰富和灵活,能够在一个句子中表达多个观点和信息。
初升高英语衔接语法部分---句子成份,简单句,并列句,复合句
初高中英语衔接之语法基础第一节句子成分句子由句子成分组成。
句子成分主要分为主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
一.主语Subject主语是一个句子所要说明的人和物,是句子的主体。
它一般位于句首,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词以及主语从句等来充当。
请划出句子主语,并判断是什么成分做主语。
Knowledge is power.She is a small eater.Three will be enough for us.The injured _____ (send) to hospital at once when the accident happened .To see ___ to believe._____ (read) books is my hobby._______ (我们所需要的东西) is your help.改错1. Visit a museum excites teenagers.2. Disabled should be respected.3. Our school has taken place great changes.二、谓语Predicate谓语是用来说明主语的动作、状态或特征,一般放在主语之后。
谓语有以下几种基本情况1.由一个动词或动词词组构成,无论这个动词是何种时态、语态和语气。
Everything ____ (go) smoothly last month.Thousands of trees _______(plant) every year.They ______(finish) the work so far.They _________(swim) in the river now.2.情态动词+动词We must study English hard.Water can be dangerous.You can’t park here- it's a no parking area.That can’t be Tom-he is studying abroad.May I come in?I may go with you, but I'm not sureShe cried her eyes out. Something terrible must _____(happen).The experiment can _________ (complete) on time.3.连系动词+表语,说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份系动词的数量是有限的,常见的只有十来个,我们把它们分成四组,这样有助于我们记忆系动词。
2015英语中考复习--简单句 并列句 复合句
(3)“祈使句 + and/ or引导的结果状语从句”中, 祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。如:
Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
=If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
(2)but意为“但是”表示转折关系。如: He is rich but he is not happy.
(3)or意为“否则,或者,或“表示选择关系。如: Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
(4)so意为“所以,因此,于是”表示因果关系。 如:
=He worked day and night in order to succeed.
(1)由so…that,such…that引导。 so…that与such…that的区别: so + 形容词或副词 + that such + a/an(+ 形容词)+ 名词单数 + that such +(形容词)+ 名词复数 +that so + 形容词 + a/an + 名词单数 + that 当名词前面有many或much修饰时,用so而不用such。如: She is such a lovely girl that we love her very much.
It’s so hot that nobody wants to go out.
让步状语从句
初三考试英语语法有什么
初三考试英语语法有什么对于英语语法学习是一个循序渐进逐步完善提升的过程,同学们在学习时一定要有耐性,并善于归纳总结,这样自己的语法知识才会牢固。
下面是小编给大家带来的初三考试英语语法,欢迎大家阅读参考,我们一起来看看吧!初三英语语法:句子根据句子的结构可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句一、简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。
根据句子的结构,又可分为五种:1、 S + V. 主语 + 不及物动词。
2、S + V + O. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语。
3、S + V + P. 主语 + 连系动词 + 表语。
4、S + V + IO + DO. 主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。
可以转换成:主语 + 直接宾语 + for 或 to + 间接宾语。
常见的这类动词有: buy, bring, make , choose, get sth. for sb.teach, give, pass, hand(传递), show, offer, sell, lend, take, send sth to sb.5、S + V + O + C. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语。
二、并列句:常由or, but, and, so for等词将两个简单句连接,表示转折,递进等关系。
三、复合句:包括宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等。
1、宾语从句掌握以下内容:引导宾语从句的引导词; 掌握宾语从句的语序;掌握宾语从句的时态一致2、状语从句(1)时间状语从句的连词有:when, while, before, after, until (till), since, as soon as等。
时间状语从句中通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
注意下列几个词的区别:when: 当……的时候指一点时间,表示短暂性动作指一段时间,表示持续性的动作什么时候引导宾语从句while:表示持续性的动作或状态具有对比的含义, 意为“然而”as: 表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,一般与延续性动词连用. “一边…一边…” 随着..As we walked, we talked. As time went by, we knew each other better and better.初三英语语法:动词动词一、动词的分类:根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词(行为动词)、连系动词、助动词、情态动词。
中考复习新目标英语简单句、并列句和复合句
答案:B
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(3)以 but 为代表的表示转折意义的并列连词 此类并列连词包括 but (但是;可是), while(而), yet(然而), however(然而)等。 He is young, but he works hard. 他虽然年轻,但学习努力。 It looks like rain. However, it is clear this morning. 天好像要下雨了,然而今天上午是晴天。 He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累了,但他仍然要做另一个实验。 We have invited the boss, ________ she may decide not to come. A.and B.or C.but D.so
答案:C
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(4)以 so 为代表的表示因果关系的并列连词 此类并列连词包括 so(因此;所以), for(因为)。 Mike didn't come to school, for he was ill. 迈克没有来上学,因为他病了。 He works hard, so he is a top student of class. 因为他学习努力,所以是班上最优秀的学生。
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—Do you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend? —Cindy? Never! She ________ driving. A.has hated B.hated C.will hate D.hates
初中英语句子结构 五大基本句型
初中英语句子结构五大基本句型在初中英语学习中,句子结构是非常重要的一部分。
掌握句子结构能够帮助我们更好地理解英语语法,更流利地表达自己的意思。
在英语中,句子结构可以分为五大基本句型,它们分别是简单句、并列句、复合句、疑问句和感叹句。
一、简单句简单句是最基本的句子结构,它由主语和谓语构成。
主语是句子的主要话题,谓语是主语所做的动作或状态。
例如:- The cat is sleeping.(猫在睡觉。
)- She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。
)二、并列句并列句是由两个或多个简单句通过并列连词连接而成的句子结构。
并列连词有and、but、or、so等。
例如:- I like to play basketball, but my brother prefers soccer.(我喜欢打篮球,但我弟弟更喜欢足球。
)- She wants to go to the beach, and he wants to go to the mountains.(她想去海滩,他想去山上。
)三、复合句复合句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子结构。
从句可以作为主句的主语、宾语、表语等。
从句通常由关系代词或连词引导。
例如:- I know the boy who won the race.(我认识那个赢得比赛的男孩。
)- She is studying hard so that she can pass the test.(她正在努力学习,以便能够通过考试。
)四、疑问句疑问句是用来询问信息的句子结构。
疑问句通常以疑问词(如what、where、when、why、how等)开头。
例如:- What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)- Where are you going?(你要去哪里?)五、感叹句感叹句是用来表达惊奇、兴奋、惊叹等情感的句子结构。
感叹句通常以感叹词(如oh、wow、amazing等)开头。
英语句子结构-简单句成分
英语句子结构(三类)-简单句-并列句-复合句(…从句)1.简单句一.简单句(Simple Sentences)只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。
He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers⑪.简单句的五种基本句型:英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、省略或倒装变化而来的。
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主 + 动):(主+谓)-I work. 我工作。
二:SVP(主+系+表)- John is busy. 约翰忙 She looks beautiful.她看起来漂亮。
三:SVO(主+谓+宾)-She studies English. 她学英语四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)-My mother made me a new dress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)- Time will prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的注:在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
这种组成部分叫句子成分。
句子成分由词或词组充当。
根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用,现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
英语的基本成分有七种:主语、谓语、表语,宾语,定语、状语和补语,除此之外还有:同位语及独立成分。
其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。
如It’s getting cold.天冷起来了。
中考英语简单句并列句复合句考点讲解及练习
简单句、并列句和复合句考点一简单句1.简单句只包含一个主谓结构.2.五种简单句:1)主+谓. He comes at last.2)主+系+表. She is a teacher.The soup tastes nice.3)主+谓+宾. They reached the village.4)主+谓+间宾+直宾. He gave me a pen.5)主+谓+宾+宾补. I find that book very useful.考点二并列句并列句:两个或两个以上的简单句,用连词连接起来;常用的连接词有:1.表示顺承关系的:and, not only…but also不仅….而且….等;She ______ gave us a lot of advice, _______ helped us to overcome difficulties.Linda tried to become an excellent teacher, _____ at last she succeeded.2.表示选择关系和否定条件的有or还是,否则Do you want to leave now ____ would you rather set off laterWear your coat, ____ you’ll catch a cold.3.表示转折关系的有but, yet等;He is young, but he works hard.虽然他年轻,但工作努力;4.表示因果关系的有for, so 等;My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼,因此我去看医生;考点三主从复合句:宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词1引导陈述句用 that在口语和非正式文体中常常省略He tells me that he is going shopping this Sunday.2 引导一般疑问句用if或whether.She asked me if\ whether she could join us. whether…or not3 引导特殊疑问句,要用原来的特殊疑问词;She asked them what they were doing.2.宾语从句的语序:要用陈述句语序;I want to know when the train left.3. 宾语从句的时态1主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句,宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态;He tells us that he has been able to look after himself.(2)主句是过去时态,宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态;They said that they had already finished the work.(3)如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等,不管主句用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时;He said that light travels faster than sound.3. 练习1She asked me, “Will you go to the cinema tomorrow”改为含宾语从句的复合句She asked me______ I ______ go to the cinema the next day.2 How lovely the dog is Can you tell me _____A. where did you get itB. where will you get itC. where you got it3 --- Can you tell me _____ your parents at home--- I often wash clothes and sweep the floor.A.how will you helpB. how you helpC. how will you helpD. howdo you help4 When I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun ______ rise in the east.考点四状语从句一、状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等;1.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由 where 引导;Put all the things _____they were.A. whereB. whenC. whoseD. which2.时间状语从句主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时时间状语从句的引导词有when, before, after, until, as soon as, since, while, as 等She was cooking when someone knock at the door.What will you do after you finished your homework3.条件状语从句在条件状语从句中,常用的引导词有if, unless等;If it dosen’t rain, I” ll go fishing.They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.4.原因状语从句原因状语从句常用的引导词有because, as, since既然等He didn’t come because he was ill.Since we are students, we should study hard.Because 和so 不能在一个句子中同时使用;5. 结果状语从句结果状语从句主要由so…that…, such…that…引导;It’s so hot that we want to go swimming.That’s such an interesting story that everybody likes it.So… that…与简单句之间的句型转换1)that后的句子是否定句,常用too…to进行转换;He is so young that he can’t go to school. he is too young to go to school.2)that后的句子是肯定句;常用enough to 进行转换;The shirt was so cheap that he bought it. the shirt was cheap enough for him to buy.6.目的状语从句目的状语从句常用的引导词有so that, in order that 等 in order to 简单句Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.He works harder in order that he can go to a good college.7. 让步状语从句引导词有though, although, even if, even though尽管等;He often helps others though\ although he is not rich.They will stand by you even if you don’t succeed.Though, although与but 不能同时出现在一个句子中8.比较状语从句比较状语从句由than, as…as…, not as\so… as等引导;比较级He is more outgoing than I.He ran as fast as Mike.二、练习1. It’s quite common in Britain to say “thank you”to the drivers _____ people get off the bus.a. afterb. sincec. untild. when2. The art club is for members only. You can’t go in ____you are a member.a. unlessb. becausec. ifd. though3. Now many parents send their children to foreign countries, _____ they want them to get a better education.a. untilb. thoughc. because4. ---- What would some students like to do after finishing their education---- They would like to start to work_______ they needn’t depend on their parents completely.a. as soon asb. so thatc. befored. while考点五定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句;被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系代词和关系副词;1.关系代词的基本用法The man __________spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 指人作主语The building ___________is being built will be used as a hospital.指物作主语I visited a scientist _______ name is known all over the world. 指人作定语2. 关系代词特殊用法1当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致;He is one of the boys who ______ like playing football.He is the only one of the boys who________ like playing football.2 通常以下四种情况关系代词只能用that而不能用which.1 先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little, none, the one 等不定代词时2先行词被形容词最高级修饰时;3当先行词被the only, the very, the just等修饰时;4先行词中既有人又有物时;3. 关系副词的基本用法;1 when 在句中作状语,表示时间;2 where 在句中作状语,表示地点;.3 why 在句中作状语,表示原因;He remembers the day _______ he joined the League.This is the reason_______ he is late today.This is the place _______ Lu Xun was born.1. 2011泰安--- _______do you read English newspapers---I read China Daily every day.A. How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How far2.2011抚州John had a short walk after lunch, _______A. did heB. didn't heC. had heD. hadn't he3.2011宁波--- _______do you have an Art Festival in your school---Once a year.A. How longB. How oftenC. How farD. How soon4.2011安徽省If you want to go to see the movie this evening, so _______I.A. doB. amC. willD. should5.2011长沙 _______tall the girl isA. HowB. HowaC. WhatD. What a6.2011长沙 _______ call me Mimi It's my cat's name.A. NotB. Didn'tC. Doesn'tD. Don't7.2011长沙They went to the park yesterday,_______A. don't theyB. didn't theyC. aren't theyD. can't they8.2011福州---Li Mei usually helps others, _______---Yes, she is kind-hearted.A. does sheB. is sheC. doesn't she9.2011眉山There _______an English party in our school tomorrow evening.A. haveB. will haveC. is going to haveD. will be10. 2011济南--- _______a year does your school have sports meetings---Twice a year.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How many times11. 2011泰州---I have changed my job.---_______.A. So do IB. So have IC. So I doD. So I have12. 2011济南Mike learns a lot about Internet. And _______.A. I don't, eitherB. so do IC. so am I am, too13. 2011眉山Jim never goes to the movies on Saturday, _______A. does JimB. doesn't JimC. doesn't heD. does he14. 2011玉州You've just finished your listening exam Please getyourself ready for the next part, _______A. shall weB. will youC. do youD. are you15. 2011眉山--- _______the weather like last Monday---It was sunny.A. How wasB. What'sC. What wasD. How is16. 2011潍坊_______great scientist Qian Xuesen isA. HowB. HowaC. WhatD. What a17. 2011眉山--- _______do you visit your grandparents---Once a month.A. How soonB. How longC. How muchD. How often18. 2011内江--- _______ do you speak English so well---Because I practice it with my partner every day.A. WhyB. WhenC. Who19. 2011泉州---We'll go to Qing Yuan Mountain tomorrow. Why _______join us---That's a good idea.A. notB. don'tC. can'tD. didn't20. 2011泉州There is little milk in the glass, _______A. is thereB. isn't thereC. isn't itD. does it21. 2011肇庆The students in Class Two played basketball against ClassOne yesterday,_____A. did theyB. didn't theyC. weren't they22. 2011宁波---What a new computer Can you tell me_______---Just the day before yesterday.A. how much you paid for itB. how much did you pay for itC. when you bought itD. when did you buy it23. 2011泰安---Tom wants to know if you will have a picnic tomorrow.---Yes. But if it _______, we'll play chess instead.A. will rainB. rainedC. is rainingD. rains24. 2011烟台---Do you know this dictionary belongs to---Let me see. Oh, it's_______.A. who does; mineB. who; meC. whose; mineD. who; mine25. 2011杭州Franklin told them all _______to be in Britain again.A. he was how happyB. how happy he wasC. how was he happyD. he was happy how26. 2011湖州---What kind of movies do you like---I like the movies_______ are about Chinese history.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. that27. 2011丽水---Do you know _______---Sorry, I don't have a watch.A. whose watch this isB. whose watch is thisC. what time it isD. what time is it28. 2011重庆The woman asked the policeman where _______.A. the post office isB. the post office wasC. is the post officeD. was the post office29. 2011泰安---Can you guess_______ the new schoolbag yesterday.----Sorry, I've no idea.A. how much did he pay forB. how much he spentC how much he paid for D. how much did he spend30. 2011杭州Who is the man_______ is reading a book over thereA. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what31. 2011湖州---Do you know_______---Next Sunday.A. what they will doB. where they will doC. when they will come hereD. who they will meet32. 2011长沙---Can you tell me why_______---Because I want to help the people there.A. do you go to Tibet西藏B. did you go to TibetC are you going to Tibet D. you are going to Tibet33. 2011浙江省---Linda, could you tell me _______---He is an actor.A. what he doesB. what does he doC where he works D. where does he work34. 2011福州---Could you tell me _______---Sure. The day after tomorrow.A. when will you leave for the U.S.A.B. when Mr. Lee will comeC when your father returned35. 2011济南He asked me_______.A. who did kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the A. PEC meeting heldC when China became a member of the WTOD. where will the 2008 Olympics be held36. 2011玉州Jane is one of the students in the class _______ have everbeen to China.A. whoB. whoseC. whichD. whom37. 2011济宁Can you tell me _______after this examA. what you didB. what did you doC. what will you doD. what you will do38. 2011苏州---Can you tell me how many colours _______ in a rainbow---SevenA. there areB. are thereC. they areD. are they39. 2011潍坊I can't understand _______Apple's iPad 2.A. why are they so mad aboutB. why they are so mad aboutC. how are they so mad aboutD. how they are so mad a。
中考英语语法专项复习:简单句、并列句和复合句
中考英语语法专项复习:简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
复合句中包含宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句等。
◆一简单句简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子,其句式结构主要有五种:①主 + 谓。
He works in a big company. 他在一家大公司工作。
②主 + 系 + 表。
She is a kind girl. 她是一个善良的女孩。
③主 + 谓 + 宾。
Ann eats junk food twice a week .安一周吃两次垃圾食品。
④主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾。
He gave me a pen .他给我一支钢笔。
⑤主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补。
He kept me waiting for two hours .他让我等了两小时。
◆二并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
并列句中的各简单句同等重要,没有从属关系,是并列的关系,之间用并列连词连接。
1. 表示顺承的并列连词有and / not only …but (also)等。
如:She not only gaveus a lot of advice, butalso helped us to overcome difficulties .他不仅给了我们很多建议,而且还帮助我们克服困难。
2. 表示选择的并列连词有or,either …or …等。
如:Either you or Maria will haveto go .你或玛丽亚得去一趟。
3. 表示转折的并列连词有but,yet,however 等。
如:It is hot in summer here , butit’s not cold in winter .这里夏天热,但冬天不冷。
4. 表示因果关系的并列连词有so,如:He works hard , so he is one of the topstudents in our class .因为他学习努力,所以他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
简单句与复合句
简单句与复合句在英语语法中,句子由基本的句子成分组成,这些成分可以是主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等。
句子的成分组合形式丰富多样,其中最基本的两种句子形式是简单句和复合句。
本文将详细介绍简单句和复合句的定义、特点以及使用方法。
简单句,在语法学上也被称为独立主格句,它由一个主谓结构构成,即主语加上谓语动词形成一个完整的句子。
简单句通常用来表达一个简单的陈述、命令、疑问或感叹。
简单句的结构简洁明了,语义清晰,容易理解。
下面是几个简单句的例子:1. She sings beautifully.(她唱得很好听。
)2. The cat is sleeping.(猫正在睡觉。
)3. Do you like ice cream?(你喜欢冰淇淋吗?)4. What a lovely day!(多么美好的一天啊!)需要注意的是,简单句并不意味着句子的内容简单,它只是句子结构简单。
简单句也可以通过添加修饰词或状语来增加句子的表达力和丰富度。
例如:1. She sings beautifully in the evening under a clear sky.(在晴朗的天空下,她在晚上唱得很动听。
)2. The cat is peacefully sleeping on the soft cushion.(猫在柔软的垫子上平静地睡觉。
)相比之下,复合句由两个或多个分句组成,每个分句都有自己的主谓结构,并通过连接词(如连词、关系代词、关系副词等)互相连接在一起。
复合句可以更加细致地表达句子之间的逻辑关系,增强语言的表达力。
下面是几个复合句的例子:1. I bought a new book, which is about gardening.(我买了一本新书,它是关于园艺的。
)2. She is studying for her final exams because she wants to get good grades.(她正在备考期末考试,因为她希望拿到好成绩。
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简单句和复合句一、简单句九大简单句基本句型一、简单句的九大基本句型1. “主语+ 谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。
例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析:“他们”(主语)“到了”(谓语动作)。
The earth turns around the sun.地球围绕太阳转。
The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。
2. “主语+ 谓语+ 宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。
例:I study English.分析:“我”(主语)“学习”(谓语动作)“英语”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。
I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
3. “主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。
例:Our teacher taught us English.分析:“我们的老师”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“我们”(间接宾语)“英语”(直接宾语)。
4. “主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾补”句型)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。
例:He asked her to go there.分析:“他”(主语)“要求”(谓语动作)“她”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“去那里”(补语—补充说明宾语应做什么)。
5. “主语+ have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型)这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语,即有形或无形的资源)”。
例:You have a nice watch. 你有一块漂亮的手表分析:“你”拥有一块漂亮的手表,即你拥有一个可以及时且漂亮的器具。
6. “There + be + 主语+ …”(即“存在”句型)这一句型用以说明“在某地或某时存在某人或物”。
例:There is a bird in the tree. 在树上有一只鸟。
分析:“在树上”(地点)“有一只鸟”(存在物)。
7. “主语+ 系动词+ 表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。
汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。
常用的联系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, 等。
例:I am a teacher. 我是一名老师分析:“我”(主语)“是”(系动词)“一名老师”(表语—即表明主语的身份)。
She felt very tired. 她感觉到很累。
He became an engineer.他成为了一名工程师。
You look pale today, are you ill? 你今天脸色看起来苍白,病了吗?8. 比较句型这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。
1)相等比较: …as + 形容词/副词原级+ as…;…as + 形容词+名词+ as…例:He is as rich as John.他和约翰一样富有。
例:He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多2)劣等比较:…less + 形容词/副词原级+ than …例:He is less careful than she. 他没她细心。
3)优等比较:…+ 形容词/副词比较级+ than…;…the + 形容词/副词比较级+ of the two…例:She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。
例:He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。
4)最高级:the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+ {of(among) + 人或物}{in + 场所}例:He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。
9. “it + is/was + 形容词+ to do/从句”(即评价句型)这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。
即对某一动作或事情进行评价。
(这里it 是形式主语,真正的主语是to do 结构或that 从句)例:It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
分析:本句重在说明“学习一门外语”(to learn a foreign language)这一动作的性质是“重要的”。
7.Will you tell us an exciting story?8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.10.Can you push the window open?答案:1.主语---动词2.主语---动词---宾语---补语3.主语---动词---宾语---宾语4.主语---动词----表语5.主语---动词---宾语---宾语6.主语---动词---宾语---宾语7.主语---动词---宾语---补语8.主语---动词---宾语---补语9.主语---动词---宾语---补语10.主语---动词---宾语---补语简单句的分类陈述句陈述句用来陈述一件事情或表达一种看法,有肯定和否定两种形式,句末通常用句号,读降调。
陈述句的肯定形式陈述句的肯定形式主要由“主语+谓语+其他成分”构成。
例如:Myauntworksinahospital.陈述句的否定形式谓语动词是系动词be或谓语部分含有情态动词、助动词时,在其后面直接加not。
Jimisathome.→Jimisnotathome.Icanrideabike.→Ican’trideabike.谓语部分只有实义动词时,根据句子的时态和人称,在谓语动词前面加don’t,doesn’t或者didn’t.Theygotoschoolatseveninthemorning.→Theydon’tgotoschoolatseveninthemorning. ThestudentswentonapicniclastSunday.→Thestudentsdidn’tgoonapicniclastSunday.含有否定意义的词构成的否定句。
含否定意义的词如no,hardly,never,seldom,few,little等也可构成陈述句的否定形式。
Ihavenobrothers.Heneverplayscomputergames.陈述句的其他否定结构have做“拥有,所有”讲时,其否定形式有两种。
Ihaveapetdog.→Ihavenotapetdog.或Idon’thaveapetdog.have做“吃、喝、玩”等其他意义讲时,其否定形式只有一种。
Ihavenoodlesforbreakfast.只能改为:Idon’thavenoodlesforbreakfast.不能改为:Ihaven’tnoodlesforbreakfast.含有all,both,each,every,both…and…等的肯定句加not变为否定句后只表示部分否定;若要表示全部否定,则需用no,noone,nobody,none,neither…nor…等词。
Allthestudentsinourclasslikeplayingfootball. Notallthestudentsinourclasslikeplayingfootball.(部分否定)Noneofthestudentsinourclasslikeplayingfootball.(全部否定)含有already(已经),too(也)的肯定句加not变为否定句时,要分别把already和too 改为yet和either.Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.可改为:Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.Iwanttogoshopping,too.可改为:Idon’twanttogoshopping,either.5、含有always,almost,many,much,often等词的肯定句可直接用never,hardly,few,little,seldom等变为否定句,而不用加not. HealwaysgivesmeahandwhenI’mintrouble.可改为:HenevergivesmeahandwhenI’mintrouble.6、当主句的主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等词时,若要否定宾语从句,应注意否定转移现象。
Ithinkyouareright.可改为:Idon’tthinkyouareright.祈使句(一)祈使句的结构及用法祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。
主语通常被省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号,读降调。
1、肯定的祈使句句型:动词原形(省略主语)+其他成分。
Comein!Bequiet!有时为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加上do,表示“务必,一定”。
Docomeandseeme!Dobecareful!2、否定的祈使句句型1:Don’t+动词原形+其他成分Don’tbelate.Don’ttalkinclass.句型2:Let’snot+动词原形+其他成分Let’snotspeakloudly.Let’snotplaybasketball.(二)祈使句中要注意的一些情况1、有时为了表示委婉的语气,可在句首或句尾加上please,但please加在句尾时,前面常用逗号隔开。
Pleaseletmehavealook.Sitdownplease.2、在意思较为明确的情况下,可把谓语动词省去。
Thisway,please.3、某些名词、形容词或副词后面加感叹号,也可以作为祈使句使用。
Handsup!Goodluck!Taxi!感叹句感叹句是用来表达人的特殊情感的句子,可以表达人的喜怒哀乐等情感。
感叹句可以是一个单词,一个短语,也可以是由what或者how引导的句子,句末常用感叹号。