城市道路交通状态判别方法研究

城市道路交通状态判别方法研究

摘要

随着社会经济的快速发展,道路车辆不断增多,道路交通需求增长迅速,道路交通状况正变得日益严峻。恶性交通事故及交通拥挤的迅速增加,不但严重威胁人民生命与财产的安全,也给道路交通的运行效率带来了严重影响。为了提高道路交通的安全性与运行效率,世界各国尤其就是发达国家不断研究运用先进技术对道路交通运行状态进行监控,出现了各种以不同设备为手段的交通监控系统。而要充分利用这些先进的交通检测手段为城市交通服务就需要适合的交通状态判别方法。本文基于此目的,分析了国内外相关课题的研究现状,对交通流参数、道路交通状态分析及目前已有判别方法进行了研究。首先重点分析了经典的加州算法、McMaster算法、指数平滑法、标准偏差法,并对算法作出了比较分析;然后针对已有研究成果在城市道路交通状态判别上的不足,在已有研究成果基础上,以聚类分析为方法,建立利用定点检测线圈数据进行交通状态判别的方法,并通过实际案例分析证明了方法的有效性。

本论文的研究成果可为交通管理者实时了解路网交通状态变化的信息,及时采取对策,疏导交通、减少拥挤,提高交通安全保障,使有限的路网时空资源发挥效率而提供帮助。

关键词:智能交通系统;道路交通状态;交通状态判别;聚类分析;环形检测线圈数据;

IDENTIFICATION METHOD FOR URBAN ROAD TRAFFIC

CONDITIONS

ABSTRACT

With the high-speed develop of social economic,number of vehicles on road increases faster than any recent time,and the traffic demand also rapidly grows,traffic condition is becoming more and more serious、The vicious traffic accidents and traffic congestion rapidly increases,which is not only a serious threat to people's lives and property,but also brings a serious impact to the effciency of traffic system、In order to improve the safety and effciency of road traffic,the world,especially the developed countries continue to study how to use advanced technology to monitor road' state,which facilitated a variety of different means and

devices of traffic control system、To take full advantage of these advanced traffic detection means for urban transport services ,we need a method to discriminant the traffic state、For this purpose,this study analyzed some related topics of domestic and abroad, Today,some researchs has already been done on the subject of traffic flow parament and traffic state、This study first analyzed the classic algorithm of California,McMaster algorithm, exponential smoothing algorithm and the standard deviation method,then comparamised these methods;based on the lack of judging urban traffic status that the existing researchs has, and make use of cluster analysis method, establishes the use of fixed-point detecting coil data traffic status discrimination method, and through actual case analysis to prove the validity of the method。

The result of this study gives a way to the traffic managers to know the informations of traffic net in any time and take measures to manage the traffic,reduce congestion,improve traffic safety,and offer aids to allow limited road sources can be used efficiently、

Key Words:intelligent transportation systems;road traffic status; traffic status discrimination; cluster analysis; loop detector data

目录

1绪论 (1)

1、1研究的背景、目的及意义 (1)

1、2 国外研究进展 (1)

1、3国内研究现状 (3)

1、4各种算法优缺点比较 (5)

1、5论文研究的主要内容 (6)

2 城市道路交通状态分类、指标与交通参数研究 (6)

2、1我国关于交通拥挤的量化定义 (6)

2、2交通流参数 (7)

2、3基本的交通参数的选取 (9)

3基于聚类分析的交通状态判别方法 (10)

3、1 研究方法的选择 (10)

3、2 聚类分析方法介绍 (11)

3、3 聚类分析算法的特征数据样本 (13)