西班牙语动词练习.doc
西班牙语语法练习(附参考答案)
1.1西班牙语字母表的特征 (3)1.2音节和重音 (3)1.3第一章综合练习 (4)2 名词 (7)2.1名词的性 (7)2.2名词的指大和指小 (9)3 冠词 (11)4 形容词 (15)4.1形容词概述及分类 (15)4.2性质形容词的性和数 (16)4.3性质形容词的级 (17)4.4指示形容词 (21)4.5物主形容词 (23)4.6不定形容词 (27)4.7 数词 (30)4.8疑问形容词和感叹形容词 (32)4.9形容词综合练习 (34)5 代词 (37)5.1人称代词 (37)5.2代词综合练习 (43)6 动词 (49)6.1联系动词 (49)6.2被动语态 (52)6.3动词的分类综合练习 (53)6.4陈述式现在时 (55)6.5陈述式现在完成时 (57)6.6陈述式简单过去时 (58)6.7陈述式过去未完成时 (60)6.8陈述式过去未完成时和简单过去时的区别 (62)6.9陈述式现在完成时与简单过去时的区别 (64)6.10陈述式过去完成时 (65)6.11陈述式将来未完成时 (66)6.12陈述式将来完成时 (69)6.13虚拟式现在时 (70)6.14虚拟式现在完成时 (72)6.15虚拟式过去未完成时 (73)6.16虚拟式过去完成时 (75)6.17命令式 (76)6.18条件式简单时 (79)6.19条件式复合时 (80)6.20无人称动词 (82)6.21动词短语 (84)7副词 (88)8 前置词 (92)9连词 (99)练习答案 (106)1.1练习参考答案 (106)1.2练习参考答案 (106)1.3练习参考答案 (107)2.1练习参考答案 (108)2.2练习参考答案 (109)3 练习参考答案 (110)4.1练习参考答案 (111)4.2练习参考答案 (111)4.3练习参考答案 (112)4.4练习参考答案 (114)4.5练习参考答案 (115)4.6练习参考答案 (116)4.7练习参考答案 (116)4.8练习参考答案 (119)4.9练习参考答案 (120)5.1练习参考答案 (122)5.2练习参考答案 (124)6.1练习参考答案 (126)6.2练习参考答案 (128)6.3练习参考答案 (129)6.4练习参考答案 (129)6.5练习参考答案 (130)6.6练习参考答案 (130)6.7练习参考答案 (130)6.8练习参考答案 (131)6.9练习参考答案 (131)6.10练习参考答案 (132)6.11练习参考答案 (132)6.12练习参考答案 (133)6.13练习参考答案 (134)6.14练习参考答案 (135)6.15练习参考答案 (135)6.16练习参考答案 (136)6.17练习参考答案 (136)6.18练习参考答案 (138)6.20练习参考答案 (139)6.21练习参考答案 (140)7练习参考答案 (143)8 练习参考答案 (144)10练习参考答案 (147)1 语法结构的层次1.1西班牙语字母表的特征练习一、请按顺序写出西班牙语字母表中的所有字母的大写、小写及其名称。
西班牙语系动词练习学习资料——广州 大-话-西-语
大话西语—系动词练习学习资料如果有一个动词：¿Me compras una camisa? Sí,te la compro.间接宾语的代词+直接宾语的代词+动词如果有两个动词：¿Me vas a comprar una camisa? Sí,te la voy a comprar.间接宾语的代词+直接宾语的代词+动词+动词¿Vas a comprarme una camisa? Sí,voy a comprártela.动词+[动词+间接宾语的代词+直接宾语的代词]一个词Ejercicio de verbos copulativos Ser – Estar.系动词练习 Ser – Estar¿Eres hermana de Pepe? Sí, _____________________________¿Pepe es amigo de Lucía? No, ____________________________¿Lucía está alegre? Sí, __________________________________¿Estás triste? No, ______________________________________¿Eres chino? Sí, _______________________________________¿Luis está dormido? No, ________________________________¿Soy profesor de esos estudiantes? Sí, ____________________¿Luis y Pepe están guapos? Sí, ___________________________¿Los libros están nuevos? No, ___________________________¿Esas mesas son grandes? Sí, ___________________________¿Antonio es el hijo de la hermana de Lucía? Sí, _____________¿Sois amigos de los hijos de Ana y Paco? No, _______________¿Hoy es lunes? No, ___________________________________Ejercicios de objeto directo 直接宾语练习¿Compráis camisas en el mercado? Sí,______________________________ ¿Leéis el texto en clase? Sí, _______________________________¿Estudias español en clase de inglés 英语? No, ________________________ ¿Miras la televisión por la noche? Sí, ____________________________¿Bebes agua en una botella? No, ____________________________________ ¿Contestas las preguntas de tu profesor en clase? Sí, __________________ ¿Explica el profesor el ejercicio? Sí, _________________________¿Tenéis que traducir 翻译 el texto en clase? Sí, _________________¿Quieres leer el texto? Sí, _______________________________¿Quieres comer una manzana 苹果? Sí, _________________________¿Vas a comprar una camisa azul? No, _________________________¿Haces los deberes en casa? Sí, ________________________¿Hoy estudias la lección 8 con el libro? No, ______________________¿Vas a comprar comida en Family Mart? _______________________¿Haces preguntas al profesor en clase? ___________________¿Vas a ver una película en Internet? ____________________________¿Quieres este libro? ____________________________¿Esperas a tu amigo? Sí, _______________________¿Esperas un taxi en la calle? Sí, _______________________¿Veis a Pepe? No, _______________________¿Vemos películas españolas en clase? No, _________________¿Nos ves? Sí, ______________________________________¿Me esperáis en la puerta 门?_________ ________________¿Os espero en casa? _________________________________Ejercicios de objeto directo e indirecto. 直接宾语,间接宾语练习1.- ¿Compras una camisa para tu amiga? No,______________________________No,______________________________No, ______________________________ 2.- ¿Cantas una canción a tu novio? Sí, _______________________________________Sí, _______________________________________Sí, _______________________________________3.- ¿Me das tu libro? Sí, ________________________________________________4.- ¿Nos explicas la lección nueve? No, _____________________________________5.- ¿Vas a ver a Lucía en su casa? No, ______________________________________6.- ¿Estudias la lección 8 con tus amigos? Sí, _________________________________7.- ¿Nos vendes tu casa? No, ____________________________________________8.- ¿Me das un abrazo? No, ____________________________________________9.- ¿Nos compráis la comida? Sí, __________________________________________10.- ¿Me haces una pregunta difícil? No, ____________________________________11.- ¿Os compro una casa nueva? Sí, _______________________________________12.- ¿Vamos a comprar un libro para tu hermana? No, _________________________13.- ¿Esperamos a Lucía en su casa? No, ____________________________________14.- ¿Vamos a ver a Pepe hoy? No, ________________________________________15.- ¿Abrís el libro en la página ciento dieciséis? Sí, ___________________________16.- ¿Me compras esta camisa y mañana ____ _____ pago 支付?17.- Esa camisa es muy bonita, ¿(a ti) ____ ____ compro?18.- Ese texto es muy difícil ¿(a nosotros) ____ ____ explicas?19.- No quiero leer este texto, es muy difícil. ¿(A ellos) __________lees?20.- Voy al lavabo…. ¿_____ espe ráis?21.- Tu camisa es muy bonita ¿___ _____ regalas 送礼?22.- Quiero ver esa película ¿____ vemos esta noche?1.- A)-¡Camarero!, Una cerveza por favor.B)- ¿____ quiere fría?2.- A) ¡Esos pantalones son muy bonitos!B) ¿___ ____ compro?3.- A) ¡Profesor! Este texto es muy difícil.B) ¿___ _____ explico 讲解?4.- A) Voy a ver una película en casa de LuisB) ¿___ puedo ir a ver con vosotros? /// ¿Puedo ir a ver___ con vosotros?5.- A) ¡Profesor! Este texto es muy difícil.B) ¿___ _____ explico 讲解?6.- A) Papá,…. ¿Me compras esa camisa?B) No, no ___ ____ compro, es muy fea.7.- A) ¿Queréis hacer los deberes en casa o en clase?B) ____ queremos hacer en casa.8.- A) ¿___ compro esos pantalones verdes?B) No, no ___ quiero, son muy feos.9.- A) ¿能够/可以 Puedo hacer___ una pregunta? (a ti)B) No, no puedes hacer______ // No, no ___ ___ puedes hacer10.- A) ¿Compras ese libro para tu amiga?B) No, no ____ ____ compro, ___ compro para mi novio.11.- A) ¿(a nosotros) ___ lees el texto de la lección dieciséis?B) No, no ____ ____ leo, es muy difícil.。
西班牙语练习题(打印版)
西班牙语练习题（打印版）### 西班牙语练习题（打印版）#### 一、词汇练习1. 选择正确的西班牙语单词：- ( ) 1. 你好(A) Hola (B) Adiós (C) Gracias- ( ) 2. 再见(A) Adiós (B) Hola (C) Por favor - ( ) 3. 谢谢 (A) Gracias (B) Por favor (C) Hola2. 根据英语填写西班牙语单词：- 4. 书 ( ) _libro_- 5. 桌子 ( ) _mesa_- 6. 椅子 ( ) _silla_3. 写出西班牙语单词的英文翻译：- 7. Casa ( ) _house_- 8. Gato ( ) _cat_- 9. Perro ( ) _dog_#### 二、语法练习1. 使用正确的动词形式填空：- 10. Yo ( ) (ser) una estudiante. (soy)- 11. Tú ( ) (estar) en la universidad. (estás) - 12. Él ( ) (comer) mucho. (come)2. 选择正确的时态：- 13. Yo ( ) (ir) a la playa mañana. (voy a ir)- 14. Nosotros ( ) (estar) en casa anoche. (estábamos)3. 使用适当的代词填空：- 15. ( ) (tú) ¿Te gusta el helado? (te)- 16. ( ) (ellos) Van al cine. (ellos)- 17. ( ) (nosotros) Hemos terminado el trabajo. (nosotros)#### 三、阅读理解阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题：La familia Pérez vive en una casa grande con un jardín. El padre, Juan, es médico y la madre, María, es maestra.Tienen dos hijos: Carlos, que es estudiante de la universidad, y Sofía, que es estudiante de secundaria. Carlos le gustaleer y Sofía le gusta bailar. La familia pasa mucho tiempo juntos en el jardín de su casa.Preguntas:1. ¿Cuál es el trabajo de Juan? ( ) _medico_2. ¿Qué les gusta hacer a Carlos y Sofía? ( ) _leer,bailar_3. ¿Dónde pasan la familia tiempo juntos? ( ) _en eljardín_#### 四、写作练习写一篇简短的自我介绍：Mi nombre es [Tu nombre]. Soy de [tu país]. Actualmente,estoy aprendiendo español porque me encantaría poder comunicarme con amigos de habla hispana y visitar países hispanohablantes. Me gusta mucho la música y el cine, especialmente las películas de acción. En mi tiempo libre, me gusta leer y hacer deporte. Espero mejorar mi español y conocer más sobre la cultura de los países de habl a hispana.注意：请在打印前检查所有答案是否已填写完整，并确保打印清晰，以便练习。
《现代西班牙语》第一册所有动词的变位(试题复习)
《现代西班牙语》第一册动词变位书后单词表所以动词从左至右依次为：陈述时现在时式、简单过去时、陈述式过去未完成市、命令式AAbrazar. 拥抱Abrir 打开Acompañar 陪伴Acostarse 上床Agudizar 磨尖、使敏锐Almorzar 吃午饭Andar 走路Aparcar 停车Apearse 下车Apetecer 想望、渴望Aprender 学习Aproximar 靠近Arrancar 拔除Asearse 洗漱Asistir 服侍、出席Asombrar 吃惊Atravesar 穿过Auscultar 听诊Avanzar 前进Avisar 通知Ayudar 帮助Acercarse 走近、靠近Atardecer 黄昏降临、黄昏Alojarse 住宿B Bailar 跳舞Bajar 下去Beber 喝Buscar 寻找C Calzar 穿（鞋）Cambiar 变化、改变Caminar 走路Cantar 唱歌Ceder 让（座位等）Cenar 吃晚饭Cepillar 刷Cerrar 关Clavar 钉进、扎进Cocinar 做饭Coger 拿起、乘坐Colgar 悬挂Comentar 评论Comenzar 开始Comer 吃饭Compartir 共享Comprar 采购、买Comprender 懂得、明白Conducir 通向、引导、驾驶Confundir 弄混Conocer 认识、了解、知道Conseguir 得到、弄到Contar 讲述、数数Contestar 回答Convenir 对（某人）合适Conversar 谈话、交谈Correr 跑Creer 相信Cruzar 穿过Cubrir 覆盖Cultivar 种植D Dar 给Deber 该、应该、欠、想必Decidir 决定Decir 说Dejar 放、搁下Desayunar 吃早饭Descansar 休息Desear 想、要、希望Despertar 叫醒Detenerse 停下Devolver 归还Devorar 吞食Dictar 口述、口授Discutir 讨论Distinguir 区分、辨别Divertirse 娱乐、消遣Dividir 分开、分为Dormir 睡觉Ducharse 淋浴Durar 持续E Efectuar 开展、实行Empezar 开始Encontrar 找到Enseñar 教Entender 懂得、明白Entrar 进入Entregar 交、给Escribir 写Encuchar 听Esperar 等待、希望Estar 在Estudiar 学习Examiner 检查Excusar(se) 原谅、致歉Explicar 解释F Finger 假装G Guardar 保存Gustar 喜欢、喜好H Haber 有Hablar 谈、聊天Hacer 做、干Huir 逃跑I Importar 对（某人）要紧或有关Indicar 指出Interesar（se）使感兴趣、对…感兴趣Invitar 邀请Ir 去J Jugar 玩L Laverse 洗脸Leer 读、念Levantarse 起床Limpiar 打扫、清洁Llamarse 叫…名字Llegar 到达Llevarse 带走M Madrugar 早起Marchar 行进Merecer 应该得到Meter（se）塞进、钻进Mirar 看、望Molestar 打扰Mostrar 展示、拿给…看Mover 动N Nader 游泳Necesitar 需要O Ocuparse 忙于（做某事）Ocurrir 发生Oír 听见Ordenar 命令、整理PPagar 付款Parecer 像是、使觉得Pasar 过、度过、递给Pasear 散步Pastar 放牧、吃草Pedir 请求、要求、点菜、求借Peinarse 梳头Pensar 想Perder 失去Perdonar 原谅Permitir 允许Poder 能够Poner 放置、安放Preferir 喜欢、偏爱Preguntar 发问、提问Preparar 准备Presentar 介绍Prestar 出借Probar（se）试、试（衣物）Producir 产生、发生Prohibir 禁止Q Quedarse 留下、剩下Querer 想、希望Quitar（se）去掉、脱下R Recetar 开处方、开药Recibir 接受、接待Recordar 记忆、记住Regresar 回来、返回Repartir 分摊Representar 代表、表演Resistir 抵抗、抗拒Responder 回答Resultar 结果是…Reunirse 汇集、聚集Romper 弄破、打破S Saber 知道Sacar 取出Salir 离开、出去Saltar 跳Saludar 问候、打招呼Seguir 继续Sentarse 坐下Sentir 感觉、抱歉Señalar 指出Separar 分开Ser 是Servir(se) 服务、进餐Soler 惯常（做某事）Sonar 响Subir 上去、运上去T Tardar 耽搁、花费（时间）Tener 有Tocar 触摸Tomar 拿起、吃Trabajar 劳动Traer 带来Trasladar（se）搬动、搬家V Vender 卖Venir 来Ver 看、望Vestirse 穿衣Viajar 旅行Vivir 居住Volver 回来。
现代西班牙语第一册语法重点练习
《现代西班牙语》第一册语法重点练习1．默写5个元音2．默写强元音和弱元音3．默写14个二重元音（一强一弱组成）4．默写重音规则(4点)5．默写主格人称代词表Yo nosotros nosotrastúvosotros vosotrasél ella usted ellos ellas ustedes6．默写非重读物主形容词Mi mis nuestro nuestra nuestros nuestras Tu tus vuestro vuestra vuestros vuestrasSu sus su sus7．默写重读物主形容词Mío mía míos mías nuestro nuestra nuestros nuestras Tuyo tuya tuyos tuyas vuestro vuestra vuestros vuestras Suyo suya suyos suyas suyo suya suyos suyas8．默写冠词Un una la el las los9．默写指示形容词、Este esta ese esa aquel quella estos estas esos esas quellos aquellas10．默写指示代词Éste ésta ése ésa aquél quélla éstos éstas ésos ésas aquéllos aquéllas11．默写第一变位规则动词陈述式现在时变位12．默写第二变位规则动词陈述式现在时变位13．默写第三变位规则动词陈述式现在时变位14．默写宾格代词表15．默写与格代词表16．默写代词式动词相应的代词表17．宾格、与格代词同时使用规则18．默写1-10019．默写命令式规则动词变位表20．第二人称单数（你）命令式不规则的动词：decirhacerirponersalirsertenervenir.acostarseconocerdecirdormirempezarhacerponersalirtenertraervenirvervestirsevolver22．三个特殊变位的礼貌式命令式（您，您们）:darirsaber23．默写形容词比较级规则（同等级，较高级，较低级）24．不规则的命令式变位单词（您，您们，我们）:darestarirsersaber.25.特殊的形容词比较级单词：buenomalograndepequeño26.默写简单过去时规则动词变位表27.由一个变化了的词根加上下列词尾构成的不规则动词的简单过去时变位：-e，-iste，-o，-isteis,-ieron。
西班牙语500个最常用动词.doc
500 most used Spanish verbs1. abatir - to knock down, to overthrow, to throw down2. abrasar - to burn, to set on fire3. abrazar - to embrace, to hug; to clamp4. abrir - to open5. absolver - to absolve, to acquit6. abstenerse - to abstain7. aburrir - to annoy, to bore, to vex8. aburrirse - to be bored, to grow tired, to grow weary9. acabar - to finish, to end, to complete10. acelerar - to accelerate, to speed, to hasten, to hurry11. aceptar - to accept12. acercar - to bring near, to place near13. acercarse - to approach, to draw near14. acertar - to hit the mark, to hit upon, to do (something) right, to succeed in, to guess right15. aclamar - to acclaim, to applaud, to shout, to hail16. aclarar - to explain, to clarify, to make clear, to rinse, to clear17. acompañar - to accompany, to escort, to go with, to keep company18. aconsejar - to advise, to counsel19. acordar - to agree (upon)20. acordarse - to remember21. acostarse - to go to bed, to lie down22. acostumbrar - to be accustomed23. acuchillar - to knife, to cut, to flash, to cut open24. acudir - to attend, to be present frequently, to respond (to a call), to come to the rescue25. acusar - to accuse26. adelantar - to advance, to keep on, to progress, to go ahead27. adelantarse - to go forward, to go ahead, to move ahead, to take the lead28. adivinar - to divine, to foretell, to guess29. admirar - to admire30. admitir - to admit, to grant, to permit31. adoptar - to adopt32. adorar - to adore, to worship33. adquirir - to acquire, to get, to obtain34. advertir - to advise, to give notice, to give warning, to take notice of, to warn35. afeitarse - to shave oneself36. agarrar - to grasp, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to clutch, to come upon37. agitar - to agitate, to wave, to shake up, to stir38. agotar - to exhaust, to use up39. agradar - to please, to be pleasing40. agradecer - to thank, to be thankful for41. agrandar - to enlarge, to grow larger, to increase42. agravar - to aggravate, to make worse43. agregar - to add, to collect, to gather, to aggregate, to collate44. agrupar - to group45. aguardar - to expect, to wait for46. ahorrar - to economize, to save47. alcanzar - to reach, to overtake48. alegrarse - to be glad, to rejoice49. almorzar - to lunch, to have lunch50. alquilar - to hire, to rent51. alumbrar - to illuminate, to light, to enlighten52. alumbrarse - to be (get) high, to get tipsy, to become lively (from liquor)53. alzar - to heave, to lift, to pick up, to raise (prices)54. amar - to love55. añadir - to add56. andar - to walk57. anunciar - to announce, to foretell, to proclaim58. apagar - to put out (flame, fire), to extinguish, to turn off (flame, fire, light)59. aparecer - to appear, to show up60. aplaudir - to applaud61. apoderarse - to take power, to take possession62. apreciar - to appreciate, to appraise, to esteem63. aprender - to learn64. apresurarse - to hasten, to hurry, to rush65. aprobar - to approve, to pass a test66. aprovecharse - to take advantage, to avail oneself67. apurarse - to fret, to grieve, to worry68. arrancar - to root up (out), to pull up (out), to tear off (away), to snatch69. arreglar - to fix, to arrange, to adjust, to regulate, to settle, to repair70. arrojar - to fling, to hurl, to throw71. articular - to articulate, to pronounce distinctly72. asegurar - to assure, to affirm, to assert, to insure73. asir - to seize, to grasp74. asistir - to attend, to assist, to be present75. asustarse - to be frightened, to be scared76. atacar - to attack77. atenerse - to rely on, to depend on78. atraer - to attract, to allure, to charm79. atravesar - to cross, to go through, to run through80. atreverse - to dare, to venture81. avanzar - to advance82. averiguar - to find out, to inquire, to investigate83. ayudar - to help, to aid, to assist84. bailar - to dance85. bajar - to lower, to let down, to come down, to go down, to descend86. balbucear - to stammer, to hesitate in speech87. bañarse - to bathe oneself, to take a bath88. barrer - to sweep, to whisk89. bastar - to be enough, to be sufficient, to suffice90. bautizar - to baptize, to christen91. beber - to drink92. bendecir - to bless, to consecrate93. borrar - to erase, to cross out94. bostezar - to yawn, to gape95. botar - to fling, to cast (away), to throw (away), to launch96. broncear - to bronze, to tan97. bullir - to boil, to bustle, to hustle, to stir98. burlarse - to make fun of, to poke fun at, to ridicule99. buscar - to look for, to seek100. caber - to be contained, to fit into101. caer - to fall102. caerse - to fall, to fall down, to tumble103. calentar - to heat (up), to warm (up)104. callarse - to be silent, to keep quiet105. calzar - to shoe, to wear (shoes), to put on (shoes)106. cambiar - to change107. caminar - to walk, to move along108. cansarse - to become tired, to become weary, to get tired 109. cantar - to sing110. caracterizar - to characterize111. cargar - to load, to burden112. casarse - to get married, to marry113. celebrar - to celebrate114. cenar - to have supper, to eat supper115. cepillar - to brush116. cerrar - to close117. certificar - to certify, to register (a letter), to attest118. charlar - to chat, to prattle119. chistar - to mumble, to mutter120. chupar - to suck121. cocinar - to cook122. coger - to seize, to take, to grasp, to grab, to catch123. colegir - to collect124. colgar - to hang (up)125. colocar - to put, to place126. comenzar - to begin, to commence, to start127. comer - to eat128. componer - to compose129. comprar - to buy, to purchase130. comprender - to understand131. conducir - to lead, to conduct, to drive132. confesar - to confess133. conocer - to know, to be acquainted with134. conseguir - to attain, to get, to obtain135. constituir - to constitute, to make up136. construir - to construct, to build137. contar - to count, to relate, to tell138. contener - to contain, to hold139. contestar - to answer, to reply140. continuar - to continue141. contribuir - to contribute142. convencer - to convince143. convenir - to agree, to convene144. convertir - to convert145. convocar - to call together, to convene, to convoke, to summon 146. corregir - to correct147. correr - to run, to race, to flow148. cortar - to cut, to cut off, to cut out149. costar - to cost150. crecer - to grow151. creer - to believe152. criar - to breed, to raise, to bring up (rear)153. cruzar - to cross154. cubrir - to cover155. cuidarse - to take care of oneself156. cumplir - to fulfill, to keep (a promise), to reach one's birthday (use with años)157. dar - to give158. deber - to owe, must, ought159. decidir - to decide160. decir - to say, to tell161. declarar - to declare162. dedicarse - to devote oneself163. defender - to defend164. dejar - to let, to permit, to allow, to leave165. delinquir - to be delinquent, to violate the law166. demostrar - to demonstrate, to prove167. denunciar - to denounce168. depender - to depend169. derribar - to knock down, to overthrow, to tear down, to throw down170. desayunarse - to breakfast, to have breakfast171. descansar - to rest172. describir - to describe, to delineate173. descubrir - to discover174. desear - to desire, to wish, to want175. desempeñar - to play (a part), to act (a part), to discharge, to perform (a duty), to take out of pawn176. deshacer - to undo, to destroy, to take apart177. despedirse - to take leave of, to say good-bye to178. despegar - to detach, to unglue, to unstuck, to take off (airplane) 179. desperezarse - to stretch oneself, to stretch one's arms and legs 180. despertarse - to wake up oneself181. destruir - to destroy182. desvestirse - to undress oneself, to get undressed183. detener - to stop (someone or something), to detain184. detenerse - to stop (oneself)185. devolver - to return (an object), to refund, to give back186. dibujar - to design, to draw, to sketch187. dirigir - to direct188. disculparse - to apologize, to excuse (oneself)189. discutir - to discuss190. dispensar - to excuse, to dispense, to distribute, to exempt 191. distinguir - to distinguish192. divertirse - to have a good time, to enjoy oneself193. divorciarse - to be (get) divorced194. doler - to ache, to pain, to hurt, to cause grief, to cause regret 195. dormir - to sleep196. ducharse - to take a shower, to shower oneself197. dudar - to doubt198. echar - to cast, to fling, to hurt, to pitch, to throw199. ejecutar - to execute, to carry out, to perform200. ejercer - to exercise, to practice (a professional)201. elegir - to elect, to select, to choose202. embeber - to soak in, to soak up, to suck in, to imbibe203. empezar - to begin, to start204. emplear - to employ, to use205. encender - to incite, to inflame, to kindle, to light206. encerrar - to enclose, to lock up, to confine207. encontrar - to meet, to encounter, to find208. enfadarse - to become angry209. enfermarse - to get sick, to fall sick, to become sick, to fall ill, to become ill210. enojarse - to become angry, to get angry, to get cross211. enseñar - to teach, to show, to point out212. entender - to understand213. entrar - to enter, to go (in), to come (in)214. entregar - to deliver, to hand over, to give215. enunciar - to enunciate, to state216. enviar - to send217. envolver - to wrap up218. equivocarse - to be mistaken219. erguir - to raise, to stand up straight220. errar - to err, to wander, to roam, to miss221. escoger - to choose, to select222. escribir - to write223. escuchar - to listen (to)224. esparcir - to scatter, to spread225. esperar - to expect, to hope, to wait (for)226. esquiar - to ski227. establecer - to establish228. estar - to be229. estimar - to estimate, to esteem, to respect, to value230. estudiar - to study231. exigir - to demand, to urge, to require232. explicar - to explain233. expresar - to express234. fabricar - to fabricate, to manufacture235. faltar - to be lacking, to be wanting, to lack, to miss, to need 236. felicitar - to congratulate, to felicitate237. festejar - to feast, to entertain, to celebrate238. fiar - to confide, to trust239. fijarse - to take notice, to pay attention, to settle240. fingir - to feign, to pretend241. firmar - to sign242. formar - to form, to shape243. fregar - to wash dishes, to scrub244. freír - to fry245. fumar - to smoke246. funcionar - to function, to run (machine)247. ganar - to earn, to gain, to win248. gastar - to spend (money), to wear out, to waste249. gemir - to grieve, to groan, to moan250. gobernar - to govern, to rule251. gozar - to enjoy252. gritar - to shout, to scream, to shriek, to cry out253. gruñir - to grumble, to grunt, to growl, to creak254. guiar - to lead, to guide255. gustar - to be pleasing (to), to like256. haber - to have (as an auxiliary, helping verb to form the compound tenses)257. habitar - to inhabit, to dwell, to live, to reside258. hablar - to talk, to speak259. hacer - to do, to make260. hallar - to find, to discover, to locate261. helar - to freeze262. heredar - to inherit263. herir - to harm, to hurt, to wound264. huir - to escape, to flee, to run away, to slip away265. ignorar - to be ignorant of, not to know266. impedir - to hinder, to impede, to prevent267. importar - to matter, to be important268. imprimir - to imprint, to impress, to print, to fix in the mind 269. incluir - to include, to enclose270. indicar - to indicate, to point out271. inducir - to induce, to influence, to persuade272. influir - to influence273. informarse - to inform oneself, to find out274. inscribir - to inscribe, to record, to register275. inscribirse - to enroll, to register276. insistir - to insist, to persist277. interesarse - to be interested in278. introducir - to introduce279. invitar - to invite280. ir - to go281. irse - to go away282. jugar - to play (a game, sport)283. juntar - to join, to unite, to connect284. jurar - to swear, to take an oath285. juzgar - to judge286. lanzar - to throw, to hurl, to fling, to launch287. lastimarse - to hurt oneself, to feel sorry for, to complain, toregret288. lavar - to wash289. lavarse - to wash oneself290. leer - to read291. levantar - to lift, to raise292. levantarse - to get up, to rise293. limpiar - to clean294. limpiarse - to clean oneself295. llamar - to call, to name296. llamarse - to call oneself, to be named297. llegar - to arrive298. llenar - to fill299. llevar - to carry (away), to take (away), to wear300. llorar - to weep, to cry, to whine301. llover - to rain302. luchar - to fight, to strive, to struggle, to wrestle303. maldecir - to curse304. manejar - to manage, to handle, to drive, to operate (a vehicle) 305. mantener - to maintain, to keep up, to support, to provide for 306. marcar - to mark, to note, to observe307. marchar - to walk, to march, to function (machine), to run (machine)308. marcharse - to go away, to leave309. matar - to kill310. medir - to measure, to weigh, to scan (verses)311. mejorar - to improve312. mencionar - to mention313. mentir - to lie, to tell a lie314. merecer - to merit, to deserve315. mirar - to look, to look at, to watch316. mirarse - to look at oneself, to look at each other (uno a otro, unos a otros)317. mojarse - to get wet, to wet oneself318. montar - to mount, to go up, to climb, to get on, to wind (a watch)319. morder - to bite320. morir - to die321. mostrar - to show, to point out322. mover - to move, to persuade, to excite323. mudarse - to change one's clothes, to change one's place of residence, to move324. nacer - to be born325. nadar - to swim326. navegar - to navigate, to sail327. necesitar - to need328. negar - to deny329. nevar - to snow330. obedecer - to obey331. observar - to observe332. obtener - to obtain, to get333. ocultarse - to hide oneself334. ocupar - to occupy335. ocurrir - to occur, to happen336. ofrecer - to offer337. oír - to hear338. oler - to smell, to scent339. olvidar - to forget340. oponer - to oppose341. ordenar - to order, to command, to put in order, to arrange 342. organizar - to organize, to arrange, to set up343. osar - to dare, to venture344. pagar - to pay345. parar - to stop (someone or something)346. pararse - to stop (oneself)347. parecer - to seem, to appear348. parecerse - to resemble each other, to look alike349. partir - to leave, to depart, to divide, to split350. pasar - to pass (by), to happen, to spend (time)351. pasearse - to take a walk, to parade352. pedir - to ask for, to request353. pegar - to beat, to hit, to slap, to stick, to glue, to paste 354. peinarse - to comb one's hair355. pensar - to think356. percibir - to perceive357. perder - to lose358. perdonar - to pardon, to forgive, to excuse359. permitir - to permit, to admit, to allow, to grant360. pertenecer - to pertain, to appertain, to belong361. pintar - to paint362. pintarse - to make up (one's face), to tint, to color (one's hair, lips, etc.)363. pisar - to tread (on), to step on, to trample364. placer - to gratify, to humor, to please365. platicar - to chat, to talk over, to discuss366. poder - to be able, can367. poner - to put, to place368. ponerse - to put on (clothing), to become, to set (of sun) 369. poseer - to possess, to own370. practicar - to practice371. predecir - to predict, to forecast, to foretell372. predicar - to preach373. preferir - to prefer374. preguntar - to ask, to inquire, to question375. preocuparse - to be concerned, to worry, to be worried376. preparar - to prepare377. prepararse - to be prepared, to get ready, to prepare oneself 378. presentar - to present, to display, to show, to introduce379. prestar - to lend380. principiar - to begin381. probar - to test, to prove, to try, to try on382. probarse - to try on (clothes)383. proclamar - to proclaim, to promulgate384. producir - to produce, to cause385. prohibir - to prohibit, to forbid386. pronunciar - to pronounce387. proteger - to protect388. pulir - to polish389. quedarse - to remain, to stay390. quejarse - to complain, to grumble391. quemar - to burn, to fire392. querer - to want, to wish393. quitarse - to take off (clothing), to remove oneself, to withdraw 394. raer - to scrape, to rub off, to erase, to wipe out395. realizar - to realize, to carry out, to fulfill396. recibir - to receive, to get397. recoger - to pick (up), to gather, to harvest398. recomendar - to recommend, to commend, to advise399. reconocer - to recognize, to acknowledge, to be grateful for 400. recordar - to remember, to recall, to remind401. referir - to refer, to relate402. regalar - to give as a present, to make a present of, to give as a gift403. regar - to water, to irrigate, to sprinkle404. regresar - to return, to go back, to regress405. reír - to laugh406. reírse - to laugh407. rellenar - to refill, to fill again, to stuff408. remitir - to remit, to forward, to transmit409. reparar - to mend, to repair, to notice, to observe410. repartir - to distribute, to deal cards411. repetir - to repeat412. resolver - to resolve, to solve (a problem)413. responder - to answer, to reply, to respond414. retirar - to retire, to withdraw415. retrasar - to delay, to retard416. reunirse - to assemble, to get together, to meet, to gather 417. revocar - to revoke, to repeal418. revolver - to revolve, to turn around, to turn over, to turn upside down419. robar - to rob, to steal420. rogar - to supplicate, to ask, to ask for, to request, to beg, to pray 421. romper - to break, to shatter, to tear422. saber - to know, to know how423. sacar - to take out, to get424. sacudir - to shake, to jerk, to jolt425. salir - to go out, to leave426. saltar - to jump, to leap, to hop, to spring427. saludar - to greet, to salute428. satisfacer - to satisfy429. secar - to dry, to wipe dry430. secarse - to dry oneself431. seguir - to follow, to pursue, to continue432. señalar - to signal, to indicate, to point out, to show433. sentarse - to sit down434. sentir - to feel sorry, to regret, to feel435. sentirse - to feel (well, ill)436. separar - to separate, to detach, to sort, to set apart437. ser - to be438. servir - to serve439. socorrer - to help, to aid, to assist, to succor440. sofocar - to choke, to smother, to suffocate, to stifle441. soler - to be accustomed to, to be in the habit of, to have the custom of442. sollozar - to sob, to whimper443. someter - to subdue, to subject, to surrender, to submit444. sonar - to ring, to echo, to resound, to sound445. soñar - to dream446. sonreír - to smile447. soplar - to blow, to blow out448. sorprender - to surprise, to astonish449. sospechar - to suspect450. sostener - to sustain, to support, to maintain, to uphold451. subir - to go up, to come up, to climb, to rise, to mount, to get on (a train, bus, etc.)452. subrayar - to underline, to underscore, to emphasize453. subscribir - to subscribe, to agree with, to sign454. suceder - to happen455. sufrir - to suffer, to endure, to bear up, to undergo456. sugerir - to hint, to insinuate, to suggest457. sumergir - to submerge, to plunge, to immerse, to sink458. suponer - to suppose, to assume459. suprimir - to suppress, to abolish, to cancel (in mathematics), to eliminate460. surgir - to surge, to appear, to spout, to spurt461. suspirar - to sigh462. tañer - to pluck, to play (a stringed instrument)463. telefonear - to telephone464. telegrafiar - to telegraph, to cable465. temblar - to tremble, to quake, to quiver, to shake, to shiver 466. temer - to fear, to dread467. tender - to extend, to offer, to stretch, to spread out, to hang out (washing)468. tener - to have, to hold469. tentar - to examine by touch, to feel with the fingers, to attempt, to try470. terminar - to end, to terminate, to finish471. tirar - to pull, to draw, to pitch (a ball), to shoot (a gun), to throw, to fling472. tocar - to play (a musical instrument), to touch473. tomar - to take, to have (something to eat or to drink)474. tostar - to toast, to tan, to roast (coffee)475. trabajar - to work, to labor476. traducir - to translate477. traer - to bring478. tratar - to try, to treat a subject479. tropezar - to stumble, to blunder480. unir - to connect, to unite, to join, to bind, to attach481. usar - to use, to employ, to wear482. utilizar - to utilize483. vaciar - to empty484. valer - to be worth485. velar - to stay awake, to guard, to watch over486. vencer - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat487. vender - to sell488. venir - to come489. ver - to see490. vestirse - to dress oneself, to get dressed491. viajar - to travel492. vigilar - to watch (over), to keep guard, to look out for493. visitar - to visit494. vivir - to live495. volar - to fly496. volver - to return, to go back497. votar - to vote, to vow498. yacer - to lie down, to be lying down, to lie in a grave 499. zumbar - to buzz, to hum, to flutter around500. zurcir - to darn, to mend。
西班牙语练习I
练习1 CORRECCIÓNColoca la tilde, siempre que sea necesario, en las palabras de las siguientes oraciones.1.Dime donde vas el proximo miercoles.2.Se que el lo sabe todo pero no quiere decirmelo.3.Ire a la playa donde vamos todos los veranos,nsi tengo vacaciones.4.No entendio por que nadie queria ir con el.5.Habia muchos coches para elegir, pero compro el que más le gusto.6.Respondio que si vendria, pero al final cambio de idea. cartera no podran robarmela porque la llevo bien guardada.8.Cuentale lo que paso la ultima noche en tu habitacion.9.El jarron de ceramica que habeis comprado se ha caido.10.Ahí esta el libro que buscas; traemelo rapidamente.练习2 GRAMÁTICAAgrupa los siguientes verbos según sus irregularidades de flexión en el presente de indicativo.traducir tener movercostar pedir aparecervenir preferir pensaragradecer contar conducirdormir servir empezarsentir nacer forzarreir poder seguirconocer morir hervir练习3 GRAMÁTICAEscribe el verbo ser o estar en las siguientes oraciones.1．El coche no funciona,debe de ____ estropeado.2．Esta bolsa ____ rota. No metas nada en ella.3．Esa casa ____ de Luis.4．____ lógico que quiera venir con nosotros.5．Estas manzanas, no ____ maduras.6．Esos chicos ____ mis vecinos.7．Ese traje te sienta muy bien, ____ muy bonito.8. Este libro ____ muy aburrido.9. ____ a 22 de diciembre.10. La madre de Pepa ____ bióloga.练习4 LÉXICOEscribe un adjetivo que tenga el significado opuesto al de los adjetivos siguientes. Ejemplos: humano- inhumanohonesto - deshonestotriste – alegretranquilo preocupadosimpático satisfechocontento atrevidoculto optimistadébil interesadojusto agradablefeliz ilusionadosensible divertidoingenuo transigentecortés confiado练习5 GRAMÁTICAColoca el artícuto definido o indefinido en las siguientes oraciones cuando sea necesario.1. Acabo de leer ........ libro de ....... Galdós.2. No resulta interesante ........Galdós de finales de ........ siglo.3. ¿Eres ........español y no conoces a ........ famoso Galdós?4. Me compraré......... teléfono que te acabo de enseñar.5. A ......... cuarenta años es mejor compenzar a cuidarse.6. No entiende ..........porqués que me has dado.7. Es......... médico, pero no tiene mucha fama.8. Estudia ........ medicina, pero no llegará a ser .........buen médico.9. Es ......... perro de raza, pero no demasiado caro.10.Eres ......... tonto si te crees esas cosas.11.Vino a verme por ......... tarde.12.Ponte .........abrigo para que no tengas frío.13.Han venido de visita ......... Martínez.14.Esto costará .........tres euros.15. ......... cerveza es mala para ......... hígado, asíque no bebascerveza.练习6 GRAMÁTICATransforma las siguientes oraciones utilizando las perífrasis verbales que aparecen a continuación.Fin de la acción acabar dedejar de +infinitivoComienzo de acción ir aestar a punto deempezar aempezar aponerse aecbarse a + infinitivoRepetición de la acción volver asoler + infinitivoDuración de la acción estarseguirllevar + gerundio1.Juan ha leído el libro de Nuevo.2.Saldremos de casa inmediatamente. comida está lista para servir; la han terminado ahora mismo.4.El anciano pasea por el parque habitualmente.5.En estos momentos el niño estudia y lleva ya dos horas.6.Nada más terminar la discusión. Pepa no pudo más y lloró.7.Luisa fumaba mucho, pero lleva dos años sin fumar.8.Mi hermana tendrá un nino la próxima primavera.9.Han pasado tres meses y todavía dice la misma mentira.10.Hace mucho frío y el cielo está demasiado negro. Seguro que lloverá pronto.练习7 GRAMÁTICAEscribe los pronombres adecuados en las siguientes oraciones.1．A mi hija ____ llevo todos los días al colegio.2．A mi hijo ____ llevo todos los días al colegio.3. A mi hijo ____ compraré una bicicleta.4. A mi hija ____ compraréuna bicicleta.5. Estaba allí Luisa y ____ observé sin que me viera.6. A su sobrino ____ regalé unos caramelos.7. Al perro ____ llevado en el coche.8. A Juan no ____ considero amigo mío.9. A Eva ____ ha recomendado reposo el médico.10. A Eva ____ examinóel médico.11. Tenía a su lado el balón y ____ pegó una patada.12. Tenía a su lado el balón y ____ recogió.13. Las cartas se ____ entregué a Pepa.14. A mi hermano hace mucho que no ____ veo.15. A Luisa no ____ han llamado.练习9 GRAMÁTICAAgrupa los siguientes verbos según las irregularidades de flexión que presentan en el pretérito indefinido.mentir creer cruzarproducir convertir andarvestir traducir aparcardormir medir pedirestar roncar leermorir empezar elegir练习10 GRAMÁTICALas siguientes biografías están contadas en presente. Redáctalas utilizando los tiempos del pasado.I. Federico García Lorca nace en Fuentevaqueros (Granada) en 1898. En Granadaestudia Derecho, Filosofía y Letras y Música. En 1919 se traslada a Madrid, donde conoce a Juan Ramón Jiménez y a los poetas y artistas de su generación. Su obra y su personalidad le sitúan pronto a la cabeza del grupo. Durante el curso 1929-1930, permanence en Nueva Y ork. En 1932 funda La Barraca, compañía universitaria que representa obras de teatro por los pueblos de España. En 1936 es asesinado al comienzo de la Guerra Civil española.II. Pablo Neruda, nacido en Chile en 1904, estáen contacto directo con la naturaleza desde su infancia, sentimiento que queda reflejado en su obra. Antes de iniciar en 1927 su carrera diplomática, escribe sus primeras poesías, Como diplomático visita varios países. En 1934 es nombrado cónsul en Madrid, donde conoce a los poetas de la generación del 27. En 1936 es destituido y se instala en París, donde funda con César V allejo el Grupo Hispanoamericano de Ayuda a España. En 1937 regresa a su país y se convierte en senador por el norte de Chile en 1945.Ese mismo año se afilia al partido comunista. Durante el gobierno de Allende es embajador en París. En 1971 recibe el Premio Nobel, y dos años más tarde regresa de nuevo a Chile, donde muere.。
西班牙语500个最常用动词学习资料
西班牙语500个最常用动词500 most used Spanish verbs1. abatir - to knock down, to overthrow, to throw down2. abrasar - to burn, to set on fire3. abrazar - to embrace, to hug; to clamp4. abrir - to open5. absolver - to absolve, to acquit6. abstenerse - to abstain7. aburrir - to annoy, to bore, to vex8. aburrirse - to be bored, to grow tired, to grow weary9. acabar - to finish, to end, to complete10. acelerar - to accelerate, to speed, to hasten, to hurry11. aceptar - to accept12. acercar - to bring near, to place near13. acercarse - to approach, to draw near14. acertar - to hit the mark, to hit upon, to do (something) right, to succeed in, to guess right15. aclamar - to acclaim, to applaud, to shout, to hail16. aclarar - to explain, to clarify, to make clear, to rinse, to clear17. acompañar - to accompany, to escort, to go with, to keep company18. aconsejar - to advise, to counsel19. acordar - to agree (upon)20. acordarse - to remember21. acostarse - to go to bed, to lie down22. acostumbrar - to be accustomed23. acuchillar - to knife, to cut, to flash, to cut open24. acudir - to attend, to be present frequently, to respond (to a call), to come to the rescue25. acusar - to accuse26. adelantar - to advance, to keep on, to progress, to go ahead27. adelantarse - to go forward, to go ahead, to move ahead, to take the lead28. adivinar - to divine, to foretell, to guess29. admirar - to admire30. admitir - to admit, to grant, to permit31. adoptar - to adopt32. adorar - to adore, to worship33. adquirir - to acquire, to get, to obtain34. advertir - to advise, to give notice, to give warning, to take notice of, to warn35. afeitarse - to shave oneself36. agarrar - to grasp, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to clutch, to come upon37. agitar - to agitate, to wave, to shake up, to stir38. agotar - to exhaust, to use up39. agradar - to please, to be pleasing40. agradecer - to thank, to be thankful for41. agrandar - to enlarge, to grow larger, to increase42. agravar - to aggravate, to make worse43. agregar - to add, to collect, to gather, to aggregate, to collate44. agrupar - to group45. aguardar - to expect, to wait for46. ahorrar - to economize, to save47. alcanzar - to reach, to overtake48. alegrarse - to be glad, to rejoice49. almorzar - to lunch, to have lunch50. alquilar - to hire, to rent51. alumbrar - to illuminate, to light, to enlighten52. alumbrarse - to be (get) high, to get tipsy, to become lively (from liquor)53. alzar - to heave, to lift, to pick up, to raise (prices)54. amar - to love55. añadir - to add56. andar - to walk57. anunciar - to announce, to foretell, to proclaim58. apagar - to put out (flame, fire), to extinguish, to turn off (flame, fire, light)59. aparecer - to appear, to show up60. aplaudir - to applaud61. apoderarse - to take power, to take possession62. apreciar - to appreciate, to appraise, to esteem63. aprender - to learn64. apresurarse - to hasten, to hurry, to rush65. aprobar - to approve, to pass a test66. aprovecharse - to take advantage, to avail oneself67. apurarse - to fret, to grieve, to worry68. arrancar - to root up (out), to pull up (out), to tear off (away), to snatch69. arreglar - to fix, to arrange, to adjust, to regulate, to settle, to repair70. arrojar - to fling, to hurl, to throw71. articular - to articulate, to pronounce distinctly72. asegurar - to assure, to affirm, to assert, to insure73. asir - to seize, to grasp74. asistir - to attend, to assist, to be present75. asustarse - to be frightened, to be scared76. atacar - to attack77. atenerse - to rely on, to depend on78. atraer - to attract, to allure, to charm79. atravesar - to cross, to go through, to run through80. atreverse - to dare, to venture81. avanzar - to advance82. averiguar - to find out, to inquire, to investigate83. ayudar - to help, to aid, to assist84. bailar - to dance85. bajar - to lower, to let down, to come down, to go down, to descend86. balbucear - to stammer, to hesitate in speech87. bañarse - to bathe oneself, to take a bath88. barrer - to sweep, to whisk89. bastar - to be enough, to be sufficient, to suffice90. bautizar - to baptize, to christen91. beber - to drink92. bendecir - to bless, to consecrate93. borrar - to erase, to cross out94. bostezar - to yawn, to gape95. botar - to fling, to cast (away), to throw (away), to launch96. broncear - to bronze, to tan97. bullir - to boil, to bustle, to hustle, to stir98. burlarse - to make fun of, to poke fun at, to ridicule99. buscar - to look for, to seek100. caber - to be contained, to fit into101. caer - to fall102. caerse - to fall, to fall down, to tumble103. calentar - to heat (up), to warm (up)104. callarse - to be silent, to keep quiet105. calzar - to shoe, to wear (shoes), to put on (shoes)106. cambiar - to change107. caminar - to walk, to move along108. cansarse - to become tired, to become weary, to get tired 109. cantar - to sing110. caracterizar - to characterize111. cargar - to load, to burden112. casarse - to get married, to marry113. celebrar - to celebrate114. cenar - to have supper, to eat supper115. cepillar - to brush116. cerrar - to close117. certificar - to certify, to register (a letter), to attest118. charlar - to chat, to prattle119. chistar - to mumble, to mutter120. chupar - to suck121. cocinar - to cook122. coger - to seize, to take, to grasp, to grab, to catch123. colegir - to collect124. colgar - to hang (up)125. colocar - to put, to place126. comenzar - to begin, to commence, to start127. comer - to eat128. componer - to compose129. comprar - to buy, to purchase130. comprender - to understand131. conducir - to lead, to conduct, to drive132. confesar - to confess133. conocer - to know, to be acquainted with134. conseguir - to attain, to get, to obtain135. constituir - to constitute, to make up136. construir - to construct, to build137. contar - to count, to relate, to tell138. contener - to contain, to hold139. contestar - to answer, to reply140. continuar - to continue141. contribuir - to contribute142. convencer - to convince143. convenir - to agree, to convene144. convertir - to convert145. convocar - to call together, to convene, to convoke, to summon 146. corregir - to correct147. correr - to run, to race, to flow148. cortar - to cut, to cut off, to cut out149. costar - to cost150. crecer - to grow151. creer - to believe152. criar - to breed, to raise, to bring up (rear)153. cruzar - to cross154. cubrir - to cover155. cuidarse - to take care of oneself156. cumplir - to fulfill, to keep (a promise), to reach one's birthday (use with años)157. dar - to give158. deber - to owe, must, ought159. decidir - to decide160. decir - to say, to tell161. declarar - to declare162. dedicarse - to devote oneself163. defender - to defend164. dejar - to let, to permit, to allow, to leave165. delinquir - to be delinquent, to violate the law166. demostrar - to demonstrate, to prove167. denunciar - to denounce168. depender - to depend169. derribar - to knock down, to overthrow, to tear down, to throw down170. desayunarse - to breakfast, to have breakfast171. descansar - to rest172. describir - to describe, to delineate173. descubrir - to discover174. desear - to desire, to wish, to want175. desempeñar - to play (a part), to act (a part), to discharge, to perform (a duty), to take out of pawn176. deshacer - to undo, to destroy, to take apart177. despedirse - to take leave of, to say good-bye to178. despegar - to detach, to unglue, to unstuck, to take off (airplane)179. desperezarse - to stretch oneself, to stretch one's arms and legs180. despertarse - to wake up oneself181. destruir - to destroy182. desvestirse - to undress oneself, to get undressed183. detener - to stop (someone or something), to detain184. detenerse - to stop (oneself)185. devolver - to return (an object), to refund, to give back186. dibujar - to design, to draw, to sketch187. dirigir - to direct188. disculparse - to apologize, to excuse (oneself)189. discutir - to discuss190. dispensar - to excuse, to dispense, to distribute, to exempt 191. distinguir - to distinguish192. divertirse - to have a good time, to enjoy oneself193. divorciarse - to be (get) divorced194. doler - to ache, to pain, to hurt, to cause grief, to cause regret 195. dormir - to sleep196. ducharse - to take a shower, to shower oneself197. dudar - to doubt198. echar - to cast, to fling, to hurt, to pitch, to throw199. ejecutar - to execute, to carry out, to perform200. ejercer - to exercise, to practice (a professional)201. elegir - to elect, to select, to choose202. embeber - to soak in, to soak up, to suck in, to imbibe203. empezar - to begin, to start204. emplear - to employ, to use205. encender - to incite, to inflame, to kindle, to light206. encerrar - to enclose, to lock up, to confine207. encontrar - to meet, to encounter, to find208. enfadarse - to become angry209. enfermarse - to get sick, to fall sick, to become sick, to fall ill, to become ill210. enojarse - to become angry, to get angry, to get cross211. enseñar - to teach, to show, to point out212. entender - to understand213. entrar - to enter, to go (in), to come (in)214. entregar - to deliver, to hand over, to give215. enunciar - to enunciate, to state216. enviar - to send217. envolver - to wrap up218. equivocarse - to be mistaken219. erguir - to raise, to stand up straight220. errar - to err, to wander, to roam, to miss221. escoger - to choose, to select222. escribir - to write223. escuchar - to listen (to)224. esparcir - to scatter, to spread225. esperar - to expect, to hope, to wait (for)226. esquiar - to ski227. establecer - to establish228. estar - to be229. estimar - to estimate, to esteem, to respect, to value230. estudiar - to study231. exigir - to demand, to urge, to require232. explicar - to explain233. expresar - to express234. fabricar - to fabricate, to manufacture235. faltar - to be lacking, to be wanting, to lack, to miss, to need 236. felicitar - to congratulate, to felicitate237. festejar - to feast, to entertain, to celebrate238. fiar - to confide, to trust239. fijarse - to take notice, to pay attention, to settle240. fingir - to feign, to pretend241. firmar - to sign242. formar - to form, to shape243. fregar - to wash dishes, to scrub244. freír - to fry245. fumar - to smoke246. funcionar - to function, to run (machine)247. ganar - to earn, to gain, to win248. gastar - to spend (money), to wear out, to waste249. gemir - to grieve, to groan, to moan250. gobernar - to govern, to rule251. gozar - to enjoy252. gritar - to shout, to scream, to shriek, to cry out253. gruñir - to grumble, to grunt, to growl, to creak254. guiar - to lead, to guide255. gustar - to be pleasing (to), to like256. haber - to have (as an auxiliary, helping verb to form the compound tenses)257. habitar - to inhabit, to dwell, to live, to reside258. hablar - to talk, to speak259. hacer - to do, to make260. hallar - to find, to discover, to locate261. helar - to freeze262. heredar - to inherit263. herir - to harm, to hurt, to wound264. huir - to escape, to flee, to run away, to slip away265. ignorar - to be ignorant of, not to know266. impedir - to hinder, to impede, to prevent267. importar - to matter, to be important268. imprimir - to imprint, to impress, to print, to fix in the mind 269. incluir - to include, to enclose270. indicar - to indicate, to point out271. inducir - to induce, to influence, to persuade272. influir - to influence273. informarse - to inform oneself, to find out274. inscribir - to inscribe, to record, to register275. inscribirse - to enroll, to register276. insistir - to insist, to persist277. interesarse - to be interested in278. introducir - to introduce279. invitar - to invite280. ir - to go281. irse - to go away282. jugar - to play (a game, sport)283. juntar - to join, to unite, to connect284. jurar - to swear, to take an oath285. juzgar - to judge286. lanzar - to throw, to hurl, to fling, to launch287. lastimarse - to hurt oneself, to feel sorry for, to complain, to regret288. lavar - to wash289. lavarse - to wash oneself290. leer - to read291. levantar - to lift, to raise292. levantarse - to get up, to rise293. limpiar - to clean294. limpiarse - to clean oneself295. llamar - to call, to name296. llamarse - to call oneself, to be named297. llegar - to arrive298. llenar - to fill299. llevar - to carry (away), to take (away), to wear300. llorar - to weep, to cry, to whine301. llover - to rain302. luchar - to fight, to strive, to struggle, to wrestle303. maldecir - to curse304. manejar - to manage, to handle, to drive, to operate (a vehicle) 305. mantener - to maintain, to keep up, to support, to provide for 306. marcar - to mark, to note, to observe307. marchar - to walk, to march, to function (machine), to run (machine)308. marcharse - to go away, to leave309. matar - to kill310. medir - to measure, to weigh, to scan (verses)311. mejorar - to improve312. mencionar - to mention313. mentir - to lie, to tell a lie314. merecer - to merit, to deserve315. mirar - to look, to look at, to watch316. mirarse - to look at oneself, to look at each other (uno a otro, unos a otros)317. mojarse - to get wet, to wet oneself318. montar - to mount, to go up, to climb, to get on, to wind (a watch)319. morder - to bite320. morir - to die321. mostrar - to show, to point out322. mover - to move, to persuade, to excite323. mudarse - to change one's clothes, to change one's place of residence, to move324. nacer - to be born325. nadar - to swim326. navegar - to navigate, to sail327. necesitar - to need328. negar - to deny329. nevar - to snow330. obedecer - to obey331. observar - to observe332. obtener - to obtain, to get333. ocultarse - to hide oneself334. ocupar - to occupy335. ocurrir - to occur, to happen336. ofrecer - to offer337. oír - to hear338. oler - to smell, to scent339. olvidar - to forget340. oponer - to oppose341. ordenar - to order, to command, to put in order, to arrange 342. organizar - to organize, to arrange, to set up343. osar - to dare, to venture344. pagar - to pay345. parar - to stop (someone or something)346. pararse - to stop (oneself)347. parecer - to seem, to appear348. parecerse - to resemble each other, to look alike349. partir - to leave, to depart, to divide, to split350. pasar - to pass (by), to happen, to spend (time)351. pasearse - to take a walk, to parade352. pedir - to ask for, to request353. pegar - to beat, to hit, to slap, to stick, to glue, to paste 354. peinarse - to comb one's hair355. pensar - to think356. percibir - to perceive357. perder - to lose358. perdonar - to pardon, to forgive, to excuse359. permitir - to permit, to admit, to allow, to grant360. pertenecer - to pertain, to appertain, to belong361. pintar - to paint362. pintarse - to make up (one's face), to tint, to color (one's hair, lips, etc.)363. pisar - to tread (on), to step on, to trample364. placer - to gratify, to humor, to please365. platicar - to chat, to talk over, to discuss366. poder - to be able, can367. poner - to put, to place368. ponerse - to put on (clothing), to become, to set (of sun) 369. poseer - to possess, to own370. practicar - to practice371. predecir - to predict, to forecast, to foretell372. predicar - to preach373. preferir - to prefer374. preguntar - to ask, to inquire, to question375. preocuparse - to be concerned, to worry, to be worried376. preparar - to prepare377. prepararse - to be prepared, to get ready, to prepare oneself 378. presentar - to present, to display, to show, to introduce379. prestar - to lend380. principiar - to begin381. probar - to test, to prove, to try, to try on382. probarse - to try on (clothes)383. proclamar - to proclaim, to promulgate384. producir - to produce, to cause385. prohibir - to prohibit, to forbid386. pronunciar - to pronounce387. proteger - to protect388. pulir - to polish389. quedarse - to remain, to stay390. quejarse - to complain, to grumble391. quemar - to burn, to fire392. querer - to want, to wish393. quitarse - to take off (clothing), to remove oneself, to withdraw 394. raer - to scrape, to rub off, to erase, to wipe out395. realizar - to realize, to carry out, to fulfill396. recibir - to receive, to get397. recoger - to pick (up), to gather, to harvest398. recomendar - to recommend, to commend, to advise399. reconocer - to recognize, to acknowledge, to be grateful for 400. recordar - to remember, to recall, to remind401. referir - to refer, to relate402. regalar - to give as a present, to make a present of, to give as a gift403. regar - to water, to irrigate, to sprinkle404. regresar - to return, to go back, to regress405. reír - to laugh406. reírse - to laugh407. rellenar - to refill, to fill again, to stuff408. remitir - to remit, to forward, to transmit409. reparar - to mend, to repair, to notice, to observe410. repartir - to distribute, to deal cards411. repetir - to repeat412. resolver - to resolve, to solve (a problem)413. responder - to answer, to reply, to respond414. retirar - to retire, to withdraw415. retrasar - to delay, to retard416. reunirse - to assemble, to get together, to meet, to gather 417. revocar - to revoke, to repeal418. revolver - to revolve, to turn around, to turn over, to turn upside down419. robar - to rob, to steal420. rogar - to supplicate, to ask, to ask for, to request, to beg, to pray421. romper - to break, to shatter, to tear422. saber - to know, to know how423. sacar - to take out, to get424. sacudir - to shake, to jerk, to jolt425. salir - to go out, to leave426. saltar - to jump, to leap, to hop, to spring427. saludar - to greet, to salute428. satisfacer - to satisfy429. secar - to dry, to wipe dry430. secarse - to dry oneself431. seguir - to follow, to pursue, to continue432. señalar - to signal, to indicate, to point out, to show433. sentarse - to sit down434. sentir - to feel sorry, to regret, to feel435. sentirse - to feel (well, ill)436. separar - to separate, to detach, to sort, to set apart437. ser - to be438. servir - to serve439. socorrer - to help, to aid, to assist, to succor440. sofocar - to choke, to smother, to suffocate, to stifle441. soler - to be accustomed to, to be in the habit of, to have the custom of442. sollozar - to sob, to whimper443. someter - to subdue, to subject, to surrender, to submit 444. sonar - to ring, to echo, to resound, to sound445. soñar - to dream446. sonreír - to smile447. soplar - to blow, to blow out448. sorprender - to surprise, to astonish449. sospechar - to suspect450. sostener - to sustain, to support, to maintain, to uphold 451. subir - to go up, to come up, to climb, to rise, to mount, to geton (a train, bus, etc.)452. subrayar - to underline, to underscore, to emphasize453. subscribir - to subscribe, to agree with, to sign454. suceder - to happen455. sufrir - to suffer, to endure, to bear up, to undergo456. sugerir - to hint, to insinuate, to suggest457. sumergir - to submerge, to plunge, to immerse, to sink458. suponer - to suppose, to assume459. suprimir - to suppress, to abolish, to cancel (in mathematics), to eliminate460. surgir - to surge, to appear, to spout, to spurt461. suspirar - to sigh462. tañer - to pluck, to play (a stringed instrument)463. telefonear - to telephone464. telegrafiar - to telegraph, to cable465. temblar - to tremble, to quake, to quiver, to shake, to shiver 466. temer - to fear, to dread467. tender - to extend, to offer, to stretch, to spread out, to hang out (washing)468. tener - to have, to hold469. tentar - to examine by touch, to feel with the fingers, to attempt, to try470. terminar - to end, to terminate, to finish471. tirar - to pull, to draw, to pitch (a ball), to shoot (a gun), to throw, to fling472. tocar - to play (a musical instrument), to touch473. tomar - to take, to have (something to eat or to drink)474. tostar - to toast, to tan, to roast (coffee)475. trabajar - to work, to labor476. traducir - to translate477. traer - to bring478. tratar - to try, to treat a subject479. tropezar - to stumble, to blunder480. unir - to connect, to unite, to join, to bind, to attach481. usar - to use, to employ, to wear482. utilizar - to utilize483. vaciar - to empty484. valer - to be worth485. velar - to stay awake, to guard, to watch over486. vencer - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat487. vender - to sell488. venir - to come489. ver - to see490. vestirse - to dress oneself, to get dressed491. viajar - to travel492. vigilar - to watch (over), to keep guard, to look out for 493. visitar - to visit494. vivir - to live495. volar - to fly496. volver - to return, to go back497. votar - to vote, to vow498. yacer - to lie down, to be lying down, to lie in a grave 499. zumbar - to buzz, to hum, to flutter around500. zurcir - to darn, to mend。
西班牙语动词参考表
这里是西班牙语动词图表。 为了能讲西班牙语您必须是熟悉的动词形 式，没有其他选择，你越快学会最常用的动词形式越好。
然而，他们可能会非常复杂，难度甚至西班牙人都可可能只有认为。红 色的动词形式是绝对必要的；蓝色的动词形式适合更高级别的学习者。
Present: I speak
habría habla do habrías habla do habría habla do habríamos habla do habríais habla do
habría comido habrías comido habría comido habríamos comido habríais comido
viviría vivirías vi viría viviríamos
hablaríais hablarían
comeríais comerían
Simple Past: I spoke
hablé hablaste habló hablamos
comí comiste comió comimos
hube habla do
hube comido
hubiste hablado
hubiste comido
hubo habla do
hubo comido
hubimos hablado
hubimos comido
hubisteis hablado
hubisteis comido
había vivido habías vivid o había vivido habíamos vivid o habíais vivid o habían vivid o
(完整版)西班牙语动词变形练习
(完整版)西班牙语动词变形练习引言西班牙语是一种广泛使用的语言，研究西班牙语的人们需要熟练掌握动词的变形规则。
动词变形是研究语言中的重要一环，因为它可以帮助我们正确地表达过去、现在和未来的动作。
本文档为您提供一份完整的西班牙语动词变形练，帮助您巩固和提高动词变形的技能。
正文现在时1. 将下列动词hablar变为现在时：yo hablotú hablasél/ella/usted hablanosotros/nosotras hablamosvosotros/vosotras habláisellos/ellas/ustedes hablan3. 将下列动词vivir变为现在时：yo vivotú vivesél/ella/usted vivenosotros/nosotras vivimos vosotros/vosotras vivísellos/ellas/ustedes viven过去时1. 将下列动词hablar变为过去时：yo hablétú hablasteél/ella/usted hablónosotros/nosotras hablamos vosotros/vosotras hablasteisellos/ellas/ustedes hablaron3. 将下列动词vivir变为过去时：yo vivítú vivisteél/ella/usted viviónosotros/nosotras vivimos vosotros/vosotras vivisteisellos/ellas/ustedes vivieron将来时1. 将下列动词hablar变为将来时：yo hablarétú hablarásél/ella/usted hablaránosotros/nosotras hablaremos vosotros/vosotras hablaréisellos/ellas/ustedes hablarán3. 将下列动词vivir变为将来时：yo vivirétú vivirásél/ella/usted viviránosotros/nosotras viviremos vosotros/vosotras viviréisellos/ellas/ustedes vivirán结论通过这份练，您应该对西班牙语动词的变形有了更深入的了解，并且能够正确地变形动词并运用于不同的时态中。
西班牙语500个常用动词(英语解释)
500 most used Spanish verbs1. abatir - to knock down, to overthrow, to throw down2. abrasar - to burn, to set on fire3. abrazar - to embrace, to hug; to clamp4. abrir - to open5. absolver - to absolve, to acquit6. abstenerse - to abstain7. aburrir - to annoy, to bore, to vex8. aburrirse - to be bored, to grow tired, to grow weary9. acabar - to finish, to end, to complete10. acelerar - to accelerate, to speed, to hasten, to hurry11. aceptar - to accept12. acercar - to bring near, to place near13. acercarse - to approach, to draw near14. acertar - to hit the mark, to hit upon, to do (something) right, to succeed in, to guess right15. aclamar - to acclaim, to applaud, to shout, to hail16. aclarar - to explain, to clarify, to make clear, to rinse, to clear17. acompañar - to accompany, to escort, to go with, to keep company18. aconsejar - to advise, to counsel19. acordar - to agree (upon)20. acordarse - to remember21. acostarse - to go to bed, to lie down22. acostumbrar - to be accustomed23. acuchillar - to knife, to cut, to flash, to cut open24. acudir - to attend, to be present frequently, to respond (to a call), to come to the rescue25. acusar - to accuse26. adelantar - to advance, to keep on, to progress, to go ahead27. adelantarse - to go forward, to go ahead, to move ahead, to take the lead28. adivinar - to divine, to foretell, to guess29. admirar - to admire30. admitir - to admit, to grant, to permit31. adoptar - to adopt32. adorar - to adore, to worship33. adquirir - to acquire, to get, to obtain34. advertir - to advise, to give notice, to give warning, to take notice of, to warn35. afeitarse - to shave oneself36. agarrar - to grasp, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to clutch, to come upon37. agitar - to agitate, to wave, to shake up, to stir38. agotar - to exhaust, to use up39. agradar - to please, to be pleasing40. agradecer - to thank, to be thankful for41. agrandar - to enlarge, to grow larger, to increase42. agravar - to aggravate, to make worse43. agregar - to add, to collect, to gather, to aggregate, to collate44. agrupar - to group45. aguardar - to expect, to wait for46. ahorrar - to economize, to save47. alcanzar - to reach, to overtake48. alegrarse - to be glad, to rejoice49. almorzar - to lunch, to have lunch50. alquilar - to hire, to rent51. alumbrar - to illuminate, to light, to enlighten52. alumbrarse - to be (get) high, to get tipsy, to become lively (from liquor)53. alzar - to heave, to lift, to pick up, to raise (prices)54. amar - to love55. añadir - to add56. andar - to walk57. anunciar - to announce, to foretell, to proclaim58. apagar - to put out (flame, fire), to extinguish, to turn off (flame, fire, light)59. aparecer - to appear, to show up60. aplaudir - to applaud61. apoderarse - to take power, to take possession62. apreciar - to appreciate, to appraise, to esteem63. aprender - to learn64. apresurarse - to hasten, to hurry, to rush65. aprobar - to approve, to pass a test66. aprovecharse - to take advantage, to avail oneself67. apurarse - to fret, to grieve, to worry68. arrancar - to root up (out), to pull up (out), to tear off (away), to snatch69. arreglar - to fix, to arrange, to adjust, to regulate, to settle, to repair70. arrojar - to fling, to hurl, to throw71. articular - to articulate, to pronounce distinctly72. asegurar - to assure, to affirm, to assert, to insure73. asir - to seize, to grasp74. asistir - to attend, to assist, to be present75. asustarse - to be frightened, to be scared76. atacar - to attack77. atenerse - to rely on, to depend on78. atraer - to attract, to allure, to charm79. atravesar - to cross, to go through, to run through80. atreverse - to dare, to venture81. avanzar - to advance82. averiguar - to find out, to inquire, to investigate83. ayudar - to help, to aid, to assist84. bailar - to dance85. bajar - to lower, to let down, to come down, to go down, to descend86. balbucear - to stammer, to hesitate in speech87. bañarse - to bathe oneself, to take a bath88. barrer - to sweep, to whisk89. bastar - to be enough, to be sufficient, to suffice90. bautizar - to baptize, to christen91. beber - to drink92. bendecir - to bless, to consecrate93. borrar - to erase, to cross out94. bostezar - to yawn, to gape95. botar - to fling, to cast (away), to throw (away), to launch96. broncear - to bronze, to tan97. bullir - to boil, to bustle, to hustle, to stir98. burlarse - to make fun of, to poke fun at, to ridicule99. buscar - to look for, to seek100. caber - to be contained, to fit into101. caer - to fall102. caerse - to fall, to fall down, to tumble103. calentar - to heat (up), to warm (up)104. callarse - to be silent, to keep quiet105. calzar - to shoe, to wear (shoes), to put on (shoes)106. cambiar - to change107. caminar - to walk, to move along108. cansarse - to become tired, to become weary, to get tired 109. cantar - to sing110. caracterizar - to characterize111. cargar - to load, to burden112. casarse - to get married, to marry113. celebrar - to celebrate114. cenar - to have supper, to eat supper115. cepillar - to brush116. cerrar - to close117. certificar - to certify, to register (a letter), to attest118. charlar - to chat, to prattle119. chistar - to mumble, to mutter120. chupar - to suck121. cocinar - to cook122. coger - to seize, to take, to grasp, to grab, to catch123. colegir - to collect124. colgar - to hang (up)125. colocar - to put, to place126. comenzar - to begin, to commence, to start127. comer - to eat128. componer - to compose129. comprar - to buy, to purchase130. comprender - to understand131. conducir - to lead, to conduct, to drive132. confesar - to confess133. conocer - to know, to be acquainted with134. conseguir - to attain, to get, to obtain135. constituir - to constitute, to make up136. construir - to construct, to build137. contar - to count, to relate, to tell138. contener - to contain, to hold139. contestar - to answer, to reply140. continuar - to continue141. contribuir - to contribute142. convencer - to convince143. convenir - to agree, to convene144. convertir - to convert145. convocar - to call together, to convene, to convoke, to summon 146. corregir - to correct147. correr - to run, to race, to flow148. cortar - to cut, to cut off, to cut out149. costar - to cost150. crecer - to grow151. creer - to believe152. criar - to breed, to raise, to bring up (rear)153. cruzar - to cross154. cubrir - to cover155. cuidarse - to take care of oneself156. cumplir - to fulfill, to keep (a promise), to reach one's birthday (use with años)157. dar - to give158. deber - to owe, must, ought159. decidir - to decide160. decir - to say, to tell161. declarar - to declare162. dedicarse - to devote oneself163. defender - to defend164. dejar - to let, to permit, to allow, to leave165. delinquir - to be delinquent, to violate the law166. demostrar - to demonstrate, to prove167. denunciar - to denounce168. depender - to depend169. derribar - to knock down, to overthrow, to tear down, to throw down170. desayunarse - to breakfast, to have breakfast171. descansar - to rest172. describir - to describe, to delineate173. descubrir - to discover174. desear - to desire, to wish, to want175. desempeñar - to play (a part), to act (a part), to discharge, to perform (a duty), to take out of pawn176. deshacer - to undo, to destroy, to take apart177. despedirse - to take leave of, to say good-bye to178. despegar - to detach, to unglue, to unstuck, to take off (airplane) 179. desperezarse - to stretch oneself, to stretch one's arms and legs 180. despertarse - to wake up oneself181. destruir - to destroy182. desvestirse - to undress oneself, to get undressed183. detener - to stop (someone or something), to detain184. detenerse - to stop (oneself)185. devolver - to return (an object), to refund, to give back186. dibujar - to design, to draw, to sketch187. dirigir - to direct188. disculparse - to apologize, to excuse (oneself)189. discutir - to discuss190. dispensar - to excuse, to dispense, to distribute, to exempt 191. distinguir - to distinguish192. divertirse - to have a good time, to enjoy oneself193. divorciarse - to be (get) divorced194. doler - to ache, to pain, to hurt, to cause grief, to cause regret 195. dormir - to sleep196. ducharse - to take a shower, to shower oneself197. dudar - to doubt198. echar - to cast, to fling, to hurt, to pitch, to throw199. ejecutar - to execute, to carry out, to perform200. ejercer - to exercise, to practice (a professional)201. elegir - to elect, to select, to choose202. embeber - to soak in, to soak up, to suck in, to imbibe203. empezar - to begin, to start204. emplear - to employ, to use205. encender - to incite, to inflame, to kindle, to light206. encerrar - to enclose, to lock up, to confine207. encontrar - to meet, to encounter, to find208. enfadarse - to become angry209. enfermarse - to get sick, to fall sick, to become sick, to fall ill, to become ill210. enojarse - to become angry, to get angry, to get cross211. enseñar - to teach, to show, to point out212. entender - to understand213. entrar - to enter, to go (in), to come (in)214. entregar - to deliver, to hand over, to give215. enunciar - to enunciate, to state216. enviar - to send217. envolver - to wrap up218. equivocarse - to be mistaken219. erguir - to raise, to stand up straight220. errar - to err, to wander, to roam, to miss221. escoger - to choose, to select222. escribir - to write223. escuchar - to listen (to)224. esparcir - to scatter, to spread225. esperar - to expect, to hope, to wait (for)226. esquiar - to ski227. establecer - to establish228. estar - to be229. estimar - to estimate, to esteem, to respect, to value230. estudiar - to study231. exigir - to demand, to urge, to require232. explicar - to explain233. expresar - to express234. fabricar - to fabricate, to manufacture235. faltar - to be lacking, to be wanting, to lack, to miss, to need 236. felicitar - to congratulate, to felicitate237. festejar - to feast, to entertain, to celebrate238. fiar - to confide, to trust239. fijarse - to take notice, to pay attention, to settle240. fingir - to feign, to pretend241. firmar - to sign242. formar - to form, to shape243. fregar - to wash dishes, to scrub244. freír - to fry245. fumar - to smoke246. funcionar - to function, to run (machine)247. ganar - to earn, to gain, to win248. gastar - to spend (money), to wear out, to waste249. gemir - to grieve, to groan, to moan250. gobernar - to govern, to rule251. gozar - to enjoy252. gritar - to shout, to scream, to shriek, to cry out253. gruñir - to grumble, to grunt, to growl, to creak254. guiar - to lead, to guide255. gustar - to be pleasing (to), to like256. haber - to have (as an auxiliary, helping verb to form the compound tenses)257. habitar - to inhabit, to dwell, to live, to reside258. hablar - to talk, to speak259. hacer - to do, to make260. hallar - to find, to discover, to locate261. helar - to freeze262. heredar - to inherit263. herir - to harm, to hurt, to wound264. huir - to escape, to flee, to run away, to slip away265. ignorar - to be ignorant of, not to know266. impedir - to hinder, to impede, to prevent267. importar - to matter, to be important268. imprimir - to imprint, to impress, to print, to fix in the mind 269. incluir - to include, to enclose270. indicar - to indicate, to point out271. inducir - to induce, to influence, to persuade272. influir - to influence273. informarse - to inform oneself, to find out274. inscribir - to inscribe, to record, to register275. inscribirse - to enroll, to register276. insistir - to insist, to persist277. interesarse - to be interested in278. introducir - to introduce279. invitar - to invite280. ir - to go281. irse - to go away282. jugar - to play (a game, sport)283. juntar - to join, to unite, to connect284. jurar - to swear, to take an oath285. juzgar - to judge286. lanzar - to throw, to hurl, to fling, to launch287. lastimarse - to hurt oneself, to feel sorry for, to complain, toregret288. lavar - to wash289. lavarse - to wash oneself290. leer - to read291. levantar - to lift, to raise292. levantarse - to get up, to rise293. limpiar - to clean294. limpiarse - to clean oneself295. llamar - to call, to name296. llamarse - to call oneself, to be named297. llegar - to arrive298. llenar - to fill299. llevar - to carry (away), to take (away), to wear300. llorar - to weep, to cry, to whine301. llover - to rain302. luchar - to fight, to strive, to struggle, to wrestle303. maldecir - to curse304. manejar - to manage, to handle, to drive, to operate (a vehicle) 305. mantener - to maintain, to keep up, to support, to provide for 306. marcar - to mark, to note, to observe307. marchar - to walk, to march, to function (machine), to run (machine)308. marcharse - to go away, to leave309. matar - to kill310. medir - to measure, to weigh, to scan (verses)311. mejorar - to improve312. mencionar - to mention313. mentir - to lie, to tell a lie314. merecer - to merit, to deserve315. mirar - to look, to look at, to watch316. mirarse - to look at oneself, to look at each other (uno a otro, unos a otros)317. mojarse - to get wet, to wet oneself318. montar - to mount, to go up, to climb, to get on, to wind (a watch)319. morder - to bite320. morir - to die321. mostrar - to show, to point out322. mover - to move, to persuade, to excite323. mudarse - to change one's clothes, to change one's place of residence, to move324. nacer - to be born325. nadar - to swim326. navegar - to navigate, to sail327. necesitar - to need328. negar - to deny329. nevar - to snow330. obedecer - to obey331. observar - to observe332. obtener - to obtain, to get333. ocultarse - to hide oneself334. ocupar - to occupy335. ocurrir - to occur, to happen336. ofrecer - to offer337. oír - to hear338. oler - to smell, to scent339. olvidar - to forget340. oponer - to oppose341. ordenar - to order, to command, to put in order, to arrange 342. organizar - to organize, to arrange, to set up343. osar - to dare, to venture344. pagar - to pay345. parar - to stop (someone or something)346. pararse - to stop (oneself)347. parecer - to seem, to appear348. parecerse - to resemble each other, to look alike349. partir - to leave, to depart, to divide, to split350. pasar - to pass (by), to happen, to spend (time)351. pasearse - to take a walk, to parade352. pedir - to ask for, to request353. pegar - to beat, to hit, to slap, to stick, to glue, to paste 354. peinarse - to comb one's hair355. pensar - to think356. percibir - to perceive357. perder - to lose358. perdonar - to pardon, to forgive, to excuse359. permitir - to permit, to admit, to allow, to grant360. pertenecer - to pertain, to appertain, to belong361. pintar - to paint362. pintarse - to make up (one's face), to tint, to color (one's hair, lips, etc.)363. pisar - to tread (on), to step on, to trample364. placer - to gratify, to humor, to please365. platicar - to chat, to talk over, to discuss366. poder - to be able, can367. poner - to put, to place368. ponerse - to put on (clothing), to become, to set (of sun) 369. poseer - to possess, to own370. practicar - to practice371. predecir - to predict, to forecast, to foretell372. predicar - to preach373. preferir - to prefer374. preguntar - to ask, to inquire, to question375. preocuparse - to be concerned, to worry, to be worried376. preparar - to prepare377. prepararse - to be prepared, to get ready, to prepare oneself 378. presentar - to present, to display, to show, to introduce379. prestar - to lend380. principiar - to begin381. probar - to test, to prove, to try, to try on382. probarse - to try on (clothes)383. proclamar - to proclaim, to promulgate384. producir - to produce, to cause385. prohibir - to prohibit, to forbid386. pronunciar - to pronounce387. proteger - to protect388. pulir - to polish389. quedarse - to remain, to stay390. quejarse - to complain, to grumble391. quemar - to burn, to fire392. querer - to want, to wish393. quitarse - to take off (clothing), to remove oneself, to withdraw 394. raer - to scrape, to rub off, to erase, to wipe out395. realizar - to realize, to carry out, to fulfill396. recibir - to receive, to get397. recoger - to pick (up), to gather, to harvest398. recomendar - to recommend, to commend, to advise399. reconocer - to recognize, to acknowledge, to be grateful for 400. recordar - to remember, to recall, to remind401. referir - to refer, to relate402. regalar - to give as a present, to make a present of, to give as a gift403. regar - to water, to irrigate, to sprinkle404. regresar - to return, to go back, to regress405. reír - to laugh406. reírse - to laugh407. rellenar - to refill, to fill again, to stuff408. remitir - to remit, to forward, to transmit409. reparar - to mend, to repair, to notice, to observe410. repartir - to distribute, to deal cards411. repetir - to repeat412. resolver - to resolve, to solve (a problem)413. responder - to answer, to reply, to respond414. retirar - to retire, to withdraw415. retrasar - to delay, to retard416. reunirse - to assemble, to get together, to meet, to gather 417. revocar - to revoke, to repeal418. revolver - to revolve, to turn around, to turn over, to turn upside down419. robar - to rob, to steal420. rogar - to supplicate, to ask, to ask for, to request, to beg, to pray 421. romper - to break, to shatter, to tear422. saber - to know, to know how423. sacar - to take out, to get424. sacudir - to shake, to jerk, to jolt425. salir - to go out, to leave426. saltar - to jump, to leap, to hop, to spring427. saludar - to greet, to salute428. satisfacer - to satisfy429. secar - to dry, to wipe dry430. secarse - to dry oneself431. seguir - to follow, to pursue, to continue432. señalar - to signal, to indicate, to point out, to show433. sentarse - to sit down434. sentir - to feel sorry, to regret, to feel435. sentirse - to feel (well, ill)436. separar - to separate, to detach, to sort, to set apart437. ser - to be438. servir - to serve439. socorrer - to help, to aid, to assist, to succor440. sofocar - to choke, to smother, to suffocate, to stifle441. soler - to be accustomed to, to be in the habit of, to have the custom of442. sollozar - to sob, to whimper443. someter - to subdue, to subject, to surrender, to submit444. sonar - to ring, to echo, to resound, to sound445. soñar - to dream446. sonreír - to smile447. soplar - to blow, to blow out448. sorprender - to surprise, to astonish449. sospechar - to suspect450. sostener - to sustain, to support, to maintain, to uphold451. subir - to go up, to come up, to climb, to rise, to mount, to get on (a train, bus, etc.)452. subrayar - to underline, to underscore, to emphasize453. subscribir - to subscribe, to agree with, to sign454. suceder - to happen455. sufrir - to suffer, to endure, to bear up, to undergo456. sugerir - to hint, to insinuate, to suggest457. sumergir - to submerge, to plunge, to immerse, to sink458. suponer - to suppose, to assume459. suprimir - to suppress, to abolish, to cancel (in mathematics), to eliminate460. surgir - to surge, to appear, to spout, to spurt461. suspirar - to sigh462. tañer - to pluck, to play (a stringed instrument)463. telefonear - to telephone464. telegrafiar - to telegraph, to cable465. temblar - to tremble, to quake, to quiver, to shake, to shiver 466. temer - to fear, to dread467. tender - to extend, to offer, to stretch, to spread out, to hang out (washing)468. tener - to have, to hold469. tentar - to examine by touch, to feel with the fingers, to attempt, to try470. terminar - to end, to terminate, to finish471. tirar - to pull, to draw, to pitch (a ball), to shoot (a gun), to throw, to fling472. tocar - to play (a musical instrument), to touch473. tomar - to take, to have (something to eat or to drink)474. tostar - to toast, to tan, to roast (coffee)475. trabajar - to work, to labor476. traducir - to translate477. traer - to bring478. tratar - to try, to treat a subject479. tropezar - to stumble, to blunder480. unir - to connect, to unite, to join, to bind, to attach481. usar - to use, to employ, to wear482. utilizar - to utilize483. vaciar - to empty484. valer - to be worth485. velar - to stay awake, to guard, to watch over486. vencer - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat487. vender - to sell488. venir - to come489. ver - to see490. vestirse - to dress oneself, to get dressed491. viajar - to travel492. vigilar - to watch (over), to keep guard, to look out for493. visitar - to visit494. vivir - to live495. volar - to fly496. volver - to return, to go back497. votar - to vote, to vow498. yacer - to lie down, to be lying down, to lie in a grave 499. zumbar - to buzz, to hum, to flutter around500. zurcir - to darn, to mend。
西班牙语练习II
练习11 GRAMÁTICAEscribe los verbos en los tiempos adeuados del pasado.1. El año pasado (ir,yo) ______ a París en las vacaciones, en este año (estar) ______ en Málaga, porque no (tener) ______ dinero.2. Su madre (morir) ______ hace dos meses. Durante toda su vida (trabajar) ______ mucho para mantener a sus hijos. Su salud (ser) ______ delicada porque su corazón no (latir) ______ bien y se (fatigar) ______ cada vez que (hacer) ______ algo.3. Esta semana Ana (comer) ______ con su jefe por primera vez. Antes ella no lo (conocer) ______ , aunque (oír) ______ hablar mucho de él.4. Cuando (salir, nosotros) ______ de la estación, no (baber) ______ ningún taxi. Entonces (decidir) ______ llamar por teléfono a un amigo que, afortunadamente,(estar, él)______ en casa, por lo que (poder) ______ venir a recogernos.5. María (enfadarse) ______ con su marido porque (estar) ______ harta d e su vagancia. Todos los días (ocurrir) ______ lo mismo en su casa; mientras ella (cocinar) ______ , él(ver) ______ la televisión.练习12 GRAMÁTICAEstablece todas las comparaciones posibles.Ejemplo:Un kilo de arroz cuesta 1,2 euros; el kilo de azúcar,sólo 0,9 euros. Un kilo de arroz es más caro que un kilo de azúcar.Un kilo de azúcar es más barato que un kilo de arroz.Un kilo de arroz cuesta más que un kilo de azúcar.Un kilo de azúcar cuesta menos que un kilo de arroz.1.Alonso ha obtenido en el examen la calificación de sobresaliente; Pedro sólo hasacado un aprobado.2.Lucía trabaja 40 horas a la semana; Eva, sólo 35.3.Luis es capaz de levanter 80 kilos; Juan, sólo 70.4.El mes de enero tiene 31 días; febrero, sólo 28,5.El Empire State Building mide 381 metros de altura; el edificio Chrysler, sólo 319metros.6.Una liebre puede corer a 25 km/h; un avestruz, a 72 km/h,7.Pedro tiene 43 años; David, sólo 18. Tierra está a 149,6 millones de kilómetros del Sol; Mercurio,a sólo 57,9.9.Japón tiene una población de 124.500.000 habitantes, y Canadá, de 27.4000.000. casa de Eva tiene 60 metros cuadrados y la de Luis, 72.练习13 GRAMÁTICAEn español el sujeto puede no aparecer. En el siguiente texto el sujeto está siempre explicito. Escríbelo evitando las repeticiones innecesarias.Sin volverse del todo, como en un sueño lento y silencioso, Lorencito vio la sonrisa y los ojos rasgados del asesino japonés y el brillo del puñal. Lorencito pensóque lorencito iba a morir y que la punta del cuchillo tardaría mucho tiempo en clavársele. Lorencito levantó la maño derecha y Lorencito cogió con sus dedos gruesos y blandos la muñeca nervuda que sostenía el puñal. Lorencito recibióun rodillazo en el estómago y Lorencito cayóal suelo doblándose y derribando el taburete. Lorencito vio que al otro lado del crystal la mujer aún manejaba aquel artefacto a pilas y la mujer se relamía los labios y la barbilla húmeda. Lorencito alzó la cabeza. Lorencito abrió la boca queriendo respirar y Lorencito notó en la garganta la presión de unos dedos que se lo impedían.(texto adaptado de Los Misterios de Madrid, Antonio Muñoz Molina )练习14 LÉXICO¿Qué adverbio es el más adecuado en las siguientes oraciones?Ejemplo: Ana miente con descaro. Ana miente descaradamente.1.Luis es muy franco en todo lo que hace. Luis habla ______ .2.El orador pronuncia las palabras con mucho énfasis. El orador habla ______ .3. A veces, el carnicero es muy brusco y se dirige a sus clients de una formarepentina y desagradable. El carnicero habla ______ .4.Muchas veces Juan y Pedro hablan a la vez. Ellos hablan ______ .5.Felipe tiene un carácter muy agrio cuando habla con las personas. Felipe habla______ .6.Es un chico consciente de todo lo que hace. Él habla ______ .7.María utiliza muchas pauses en sus conferencias, por lo que resultan demasiadolentas. Ella habla ______ .8.El camionero utiliza muchas expresiones vulgares. Él habla ______ .9.Josefina cuenta a sus niños con mucha dulzura. Ella habla ______ .10.Su discurso se caracteriza por la sobriedad. Él habla ______ .练习15 GRAMÀTIA¿Oué orden darías a Elena en las siguientes situaciones?Ejemplo: Quiero que Elena se calle. ¡Cállate ya!1.Elena debe ordenar su cuarto.2.Elena tiene que salir de casa ya si quiere llegar a tiempo.3.Quiero que Elena venga a mi fiesta.4.Elena debe elegir el vestido.5.Me gustaría que Elena me dijera la verdad.6.Elena debe hacer la compra.7.Elena tiene que oír la conversación.8.Elena tiene que cocer la Verdura si quiere tener preparada la cena a tiempo.9.Quiero que Elena se vaya de mi casa.10.Quiero que Elena ponga la mesa.练习16 GRAMÁTIAEn español, los adjetivos pueden combinarse en las estructuras atributivas con el verbo ser, con el verbo estar o con ambos. En este último caso el significado varía: Ana está descalza.Ana es rubia.Ana es lista(=tiene inteligencia,astucia).Ana está lista (=está preparada para hacer algo).Especifica si los siguientes adjetivos relacionados con la personalidad o el carácter se combinan con ser, con estar o con ambos. Construye oraciones con cada uno de ellos. Ejemplo: serenoestar Después del ataque de nervios, el paciente está más sereno.ser Olga es muy serena y no se altera por nada.练习17 Agrupa los siguientes verbos según las irregularidades de flexión que presentan en futuro imperfecto.venir poner tenerhaber poder proponersaber salir convenirvaler obtener caber练习18 GRAMÁTICA¿Qué harás si?Ejemplo: Te tocan tres millones de euros en la lotería.Viajaré por todo el mundo.Me compraré una casa grande y me alojaré en los hotels más caros.1.Alguien te persigue por la calle.2.Te ofrecen a la vez dos trabajos que te gustan.3.Alguien te regala un anillo de diamante que cuesta más de 12.000 euros.4.Vas por una carretera abandonada y se te para el coche.5.Tienes que pagar la cena en un restaurante lujoso y has olvidado la cartera en casa.。
西班牙语500个常用动词
西班牙语500个常用动词————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：500 most used Spanish verbs1. abatir - to knock down, to overthrow, to throw down2. abrasar - to burn, to set on fire3. abrazar - to embrace, to hug; to clamp4. abrir - to open5. absolver - to absolve, to acquit6. abstenerse - to abstain7. aburrir - to annoy, to bore, to vex8. aburrirse - to be bored, to grow tired, to grow weary9. acabar - to finish, to end, to complete10. acelerar - to accelerate, to speed, to hasten, to hurry11. aceptar - to accept12. acercar - to bring near, to place near13. acercarse - to approach, to draw near14. acertar - to hit the mark, to hit upon, to do (something) right, to succeed in, to guess right15. aclamar - to acclaim, to applaud, to shout, to hail16. aclarar - to explain, to clarify, to make clear, to rinse, to clear17. acompañar - to accompany, to escort, to go with, to keep company18. aconsejar - to advise, to counsel19. acordar - to agree (upon)20. acordarse - to remember21. acostarse - to go to bed, to lie down22. acostumbrar - to be accustomed23. acuchillar - to knife, to cut, to flash, to cut open24. acudir - to attend, to be present frequently, to respond (to a call), to come to the rescue25. acusar - to accuse26. adelantar - to advance, to keep on, to progress, to go ahead27. adelantarse - to go forward, to go ahead, to move ahead, to take the lead28. adivinar - to divine, to foretell, to guess29. admirar - to admire30. admitir - to admit, to grant, to permit31. adoptar - to adopt32. adorar - to adore, to worship33. adquirir - to acquire, to get, to obtain34. advertir - to advise, to give notice, to give warning, to take notice of, to warn35. afeitarse - to shave oneself36. agarrar - to grasp, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to clutch, to come upon37. agitar - to agitate, to wave, to shake up, to stir38. agotar - to exhaust, to use up39. agradar - to please, to be pleasing40. agradecer - to thank, to be thankful for41. agrandar - to enlarge, to grow larger, to increase42. agravar - to aggravate, to make worse43. agregar - to add, to collect, to gather, to aggregate, to collate44. agrupar - to group45. aguardar - to expect, to wait for46. ahorrar - to economize, to save47. alcanzar - to reach, to overtake48. alegrarse - to be glad, to rejoice49. almorzar - to lunch, to have lunch50. alquilar - to hire, to rent51. alumbrar - to illuminate, to light, to enlighten52. alumbrarse - to be (get) high, to get tipsy, to become lively (from liquor)53. alzar - to heave, to lift, to pick up, to raise (prices)54. amar - to love55. añadir - to add56. andar - to walk57. anunciar - to announce, to foretell, to proclaim58. apagar - to put out (flame, fire), to extinguish, to turn off (flame, fire, light)59. aparecer - to appear, to show up60. aplaudir - to applaud61. apoderarse - to take power, to take possession62. apreciar - to appreciate, to appraise, to esteem63. aprender - to learn64. apresurarse - to hasten, to hurry, to rush65. aprobar - to approve, to pass a test66. aprovecharse - to take advantage, to avail oneself67. apurarse - to fret, to grieve, to worry68. arrancar - to root up (out), to pull up (out), to tear off (away), to snatch69. arreglar - to fix, to arrange, to adjust, to regulate, to settle, to repair70. arrojar - to fling, to hurl, to throw71. articular - to articulate, to pronounce distinctly72. asegurar - to assure, to affirm, to assert, to insure73. asir - to seize, to grasp74. asistir - to attend, to assist, to be present75. asustarse - to be frightened, to be scared76. atacar - to attack77. atenerse - to rely on, to depend on78. atraer - to attract, to allure, to charm79. atravesar - to cross, to go through, to run through80. atreverse - to dare, to venture81. avanzar - to advance82. averiguar - to find out, to inquire, to investigate83. ayudar - to help, to aid, to assist84. bailar - to dance85. bajar - to lower, to let down, to come down, to go down, to descend86. balbucear - to stammer, to hesitate in speech87. bañarse - to bathe oneself, to take a bath88. barrer - to sweep, to whisk89. bastar - to be enough, to be sufficient, to suffice90. bautizar - to baptize, to christen91. beber - to drink92. bendecir - to bless, to consecrate93. borrar - to erase, to cross out94. bostezar - to yawn, to gape95. botar - to fling, to cast (away), to throw (away), to launch96. broncear - to bronze, to tan97. bullir - to boil, to bustle, to hustle, to stir98. burlarse - to make fun of, to poke fun at, to ridicule99. buscar - to look for, to seek100. caber - to be contained, to fit into101. caer - to fall102. caerse - to fall, to fall down, to tumble103. calentar - to heat (up), to warm (up)104. callarse - to be silent, to keep quiet105. calzar - to shoe, to wear (shoes), to put on (shoes)106. cambiar - to change107. caminar - to walk, to move along108. cansarse - to become tired, to become weary, to get tired 109. cantar - to sing110. caracterizar - to characterize111. cargar - to load, to burden112. casarse - to get married, to marry113. celebrar - to celebrate114. cenar - to have supper, to eat supper115. cepillar - to brush116. cerrar - to close117. certificar - to certify, to register (a letter), to attest118. charlar - to chat, to prattle119. chistar - to mumble, to mutter120. chupar - to suck121. cocinar - to cook122. coger - to seize, to take, to grasp, to grab, to catch123. colegir - to collect124. colgar - to hang (up)125. colocar - to put, to place126. comenzar - to begin, to commence, to start127. comer - to eat128. componer - to compose129. comprar - to buy, to purchase130. comprender - to understand131. conducir - to lead, to conduct, to drive132. confesar - to confess133. conocer - to know, to be acquainted with134. conseguir - to attain, to get, to obtain135. constituir - to constitute, to make up136. construir - to construct, to build137. contar - to count, to relate, to tell138. contener - to contain, to hold139. contestar - to answer, to reply140. continuar - to continue141. contribuir - to contribute142. convencer - to convince143. convenir - to agree, to convene144. convertir - to convert145. convocar - to call together, to convene, to convoke, to summon 146. corregir - to correct147. correr - to run, to race, to flow148. cortar - to cut, to cut off, to cut out149. costar - to cost150. crecer - to grow151. creer - to believe152. criar - to breed, to raise, to bring up (rear)153. cruzar - to cross154. cubrir - to cover155. cuidarse - to take care of oneself156. cumplir - to fulfill, to keep (a promise), to reach one's birthday (use with años)157. dar - to give158. deber - to owe, must, ought159. decidir - to decide160. decir - to say, to tell161. declarar - to declare162. dedicarse - to devote oneself163. defender - to defend164. dejar - to let, to permit, to allow, to leave165. delinquir - to be delinquent, to violate the law166. demostrar - to demonstrate, to prove167. denunciar - to denounce168. depender - to depend169. derribar - to knock down, to overthrow, to tear down, to throw down170. desayunarse - to breakfast, to have breakfast171. descansar - to rest172. describir - to describe, to delineate173. descubrir - to discover174. desear - to desire, to wish, to want175. desempeñar - to play (a part), to act (a part), to discharge, to perform (a duty), to take out of pawn176. deshacer - to undo, to destroy, to take apart177. despedirse - to take leave of, to say good-bye to178. despegar - to detach, to unglue, to unstuck, to take off (airplane) 179. desperezarse - to stretch oneself, to stretch one's arms and legs 180. despertarse - to wake up oneself181. destruir - to destroy182. desvestirse - to undress oneself, to get undressed183. detener - to stop (someone or something), to detain184. detenerse - to stop (oneself)185. devolver - to return (an object), to refund, to give back186. dibujar - to design, to draw, to sketch187. dirigir - to direct188. disculparse - to apologize, to excuse (oneself)189. discutir - to discuss190. dispensar - to excuse, to dispense, to distribute, to exempt 191. distinguir - to distinguish192. divertirse - to have a good time, to enjoy oneself193. divorciarse - to be (get) divorced194. doler - to ache, to pain, to hurt, to cause grief, to cause regret 195. dormir - to sleep196. ducharse - to take a shower, to shower oneself197. dudar - to doubt198. echar - to cast, to fling, to hurt, to pitch, to throw199. ejecutar - to execute, to carry out, to perform200. ejercer - to exercise, to practice (a professional)201. elegir - to elect, to select, to choose202. embeber - to soak in, to soak up, to suck in, to imbibe203. empezar - to begin, to start204. emplear - to employ, to use205. encender - to incite, to inflame, to kindle, to light206. encerrar - to enclose, to lock up, to confine207. encontrar - to meet, to encounter, to find208. enfadarse - to become angry209. enfermarse - to get sick, to fall sick, to become sick, to fall ill, to become ill210. enojarse - to become angry, to get angry, to get cross211. enseñar - to teach, to show, to point out212. entender - to understand213. entrar - to enter, to go (in), to come (in)214. entregar - to deliver, to hand over, to give215. enunciar - to enunciate, to state216. enviar - to send217. envolver - to wrap up218. equivocarse - to be mistaken219. erguir - to raise, to stand up straight220. errar - to err, to wander, to roam, to miss221. escoger - to choose, to select222. escribir - to write223. escuchar - to listen (to)224. esparcir - to scatter, to spread225. esperar - to expect, to hope, to wait (for)226. esquiar - to ski227. establecer - to establish228. estar - to be229. estimar - to estimate, to esteem, to respect, to value230. estudiar - to study231. exigir - to demand, to urge, to require232. explicar - to explain233. expresar - to express234. fabricar - to fabricate, to manufacture235. faltar - to be lacking, to be wanting, to lack, to miss, to need 236. felicitar - to congratulate, to felicitate237. festejar - to feast, to entertain, to celebrate238. fiar - to confide, to trust239. fijarse - to take notice, to pay attention, to settle240. fingir - to feign, to pretend241. firmar - to sign242. formar - to form, to shape243. fregar - to wash dishes, to scrub244. freír - to fry245. fumar - to smoke246. funcionar - to function, to run (machine)247. ganar - to earn, to gain, to win248. gastar - to spend (money), to wear out, to waste249. gemir - to grieve, to groan, to moan250. gobernar - to govern, to rule251. gozar - to enjoy252. gritar - to shout, to scream, to shriek, to cry out253. gruñir - to grumble, to grunt, to growl, to creak254. guiar - to lead, to guide255. gustar - to be pleasing (to), to like256. haber - to have (as an auxiliary, helping verb to form the compound tenses)257. habitar - to inhabit, to dwell, to live, to reside258. hablar - to talk, to speak259. hacer - to do, to make260. hallar - to find, to discover, to locate261. helar - to freeze262. heredar - to inherit263. herir - to harm, to hurt, to wound264. huir - to escape, to flee, to run away, to slip away265. ignorar - to be ignorant of, not to know266. impedir - to hinder, to impede, to prevent267. importar - to matter, to be important268. imprimir - to imprint, to impress, to print, to fix in the mind 269. incluir - to include, to enclose270. indicar - to indicate, to point out271. inducir - to induce, to influence, to persuade272. influir - to influence273. informarse - to inform oneself, to find out274. inscribir - to inscribe, to record, to register275. inscribirse - to enroll, to register276. insistir - to insist, to persist277. interesarse - to be interested in278. introducir - to introduce279. invitar - to invite280. ir - to go281. irse - to go away282. jugar - to play (a game, sport)283. juntar - to join, to unite, to connect284. jurar - to swear, to take an oath285. juzgar - to judge286. lanzar - to throw, to hurl, to fling, to launch287. lastimarse - to hurt oneself, to feel sorry for, to complain, toregret288. lavar - to wash289. lavarse - to wash oneself290. leer - to read291. levantar - to lift, to raise292. levantarse - to get up, to rise293. limpiar - to clean294. limpiarse - to clean oneself295. llamar - to call, to name296. llamarse - to call oneself, to be named297. llegar - to arrive298. llenar - to fill299. llevar - to carry (away), to take (away), to wear300. llorar - to weep, to cry, to whine301. llover - to rain302. luchar - to fight, to strive, to struggle, to wrestle303. maldecir - to curse304. manejar - to manage, to handle, to drive, to operate (a vehicle) 305. mantener - to maintain, to keep up, to support, to provide for 306. marcar - to mark, to note, to observe307. marchar - to walk, to march, to function (machine), to run (machine)308. marcharse - to go away, to leave309. matar - to kill310. medir - to measure, to weigh, to scan (verses)311. mejorar - to improve312. mencionar - to mention313. mentir - to lie, to tell a lie314. merecer - to merit, to deserve315. mirar - to look, to look at, to watch316. mirarse - to look at oneself, to look at each other (uno a otro, unos a otros)317. mojarse - to get wet, to wet oneself318. montar - to mount, to go up, to climb, to get on, to wind (a watch)319. morder - to bite320. morir - to die321. mostrar - to show, to point out322. mover - to move, to persuade, to excite323. mudarse - to change one's clothes, to change one's place of residence, to move324. nacer - to be born325. nadar - to swim326. navegar - to navigate, to sail327. necesitar - to need328. negar - to deny329. nevar - to snow330. obedecer - to obey331. observar - to observe332. obtener - to obtain, to get333. ocultarse - to hide oneself334. ocupar - to occupy335. ocurrir - to occur, to happen336. ofrecer - to offer337. oír - to hear338. oler - to smell, to scent339. olvidar - to forget340. oponer - to oppose341. ordenar - to order, to command, to put in order, to arrange 342. organizar - to organize, to arrange, to set up343. osar - to dare, to venture344. pagar - to pay345. parar - to stop (someone or something)346. pararse - to stop (oneself)347. parecer - to seem, to appear348. parecerse - to resemble each other, to look alike349. partir - to leave, to depart, to divide, to split350. pasar - to pass (by), to happen, to spend (time)351. pasearse - to take a walk, to parade352. pedir - to ask for, to request353. pegar - to beat, to hit, to slap, to stick, to glue, to paste 354. peinarse - to comb one's hair355. pensar - to think356. percibir - to perceive357. perder - to lose358. perdonar - to pardon, to forgive, to excuse359. permitir - to permit, to admit, to allow, to grant360. pertenecer - to pertain, to appertain, to belong361. pintar - to paint362. pintarse - to make up (one's face), to tint, to color (one's hair, lips, etc.)363. pisar - to tread (on), to step on, to trample364. placer - to gratify, to humor, to please365. platicar - to chat, to talk over, to discuss366. poder - to be able, can367. poner - to put, to place368. ponerse - to put on (clothing), to become, to set (of sun) 369. poseer - to possess, to own370. practicar - to practice371. predecir - to predict, to forecast, to foretell372. predicar - to preach373. preferir - to prefer374. preguntar - to ask, to inquire, to question375. preocuparse - to be concerned, to worry, to be worried376. preparar - to prepare377. prepararse - to be prepared, to get ready, to prepare oneself 378. presentar - to present, to display, to show, to introduce379. prestar - to lend380. principiar - to begin381. probar - to test, to prove, to try, to try on382. probarse - to try on (clothes)383. proclamar - to proclaim, to promulgate384. producir - to produce, to cause385. prohibir - to prohibit, to forbid386. pronunciar - to pronounce387. proteger - to protect388. pulir - to polish389. quedarse - to remain, to stay390. quejarse - to complain, to grumble391. quemar - to burn, to fire392. querer - to want, to wish393. quitarse - to take off (clothing), to remove oneself, to withdraw 394. raer - to scrape, to rub off, to erase, to wipe out395. realizar - to realize, to carry out, to fulfill396. recibir - to receive, to get397. recoger - to pick (up), to gather, to harvest398. recomendar - to recommend, to commend, to advise399. reconocer - to recognize, to acknowledge, to be grateful for 400. recordar - to remember, to recall, to remind401. referir - to refer, to relate402. regalar - to give as a present, to make a present of, to give as a gift403. regar - to water, to irrigate, to sprinkle404. regresar - to return, to go back, to regress405. reír - to laugh406. reírse - to laugh407. rellenar - to refill, to fill again, to stuff408. remitir - to remit, to forward, to transmit409. reparar - to mend, to repair, to notice, to observe410. repartir - to distribute, to deal cards411. repetir - to repeat412. resolver - to resolve, to solve (a problem)413. responder - to answer, to reply, to respond414. retirar - to retire, to withdraw415. retrasar - to delay, to retard416. reunirse - to assemble, to get together, to meet, to gather 417. revocar - to revoke, to repeal418. revolver - to revolve, to turn around, to turn over, to turn upside down419. robar - to rob, to steal420. rogar - to supplicate, to ask, to ask for, to request, to beg, to pray 421. romper - to break, to shatter, to tear422. saber - to know, to know how423. sacar - to take out, to get424. sacudir - to shake, to jerk, to jolt425. salir - to go out, to leave426. saltar - to jump, to leap, to hop, to spring427. saludar - to greet, to salute428. satisfacer - to satisfy429. secar - to dry, to wipe dry430. secarse - to dry oneself431. seguir - to follow, to pursue, to continue432. señalar - to signal, to indicate, to point out, to show433. sentarse - to sit down434. sentir - to feel sorry, to regret, to feel435. sentirse - to feel (well, ill)436. separar - to separate, to detach, to sort, to set apart437. ser - to be438. servir - to serve439. socorrer - to help, to aid, to assist, to succor440. sofocar - to choke, to smother, to suffocate, to stifle441. soler - to be accustomed to, to be in the habit of, to have the custom of442. sollozar - to sob, to whimper443. someter - to subdue, to subject, to surrender, to submit444. sonar - to ring, to echo, to resound, to sound445. soñar - to dream446. sonreír - to smile447. soplar - to blow, to blow out448. sorprender - to surprise, to astonish449. sospechar - to suspect450. sostener - to sustain, to support, to maintain, to uphold451. subir - to go up, to come up, to climb, to rise, to mount, to get on (a train, bus, etc.)452. subrayar - to underline, to underscore, to emphasize453. subscribir - to subscribe, to agree with, to sign454. suceder - to happen455. sufrir - to suffer, to endure, to bear up, to undergo456. sugerir - to hint, to insinuate, to suggest457. sumergir - to submerge, to plunge, to immerse, to sink458. suponer - to suppose, to assume459. suprimir - to suppress, to abolish, to cancel (in mathematics), to eliminate460. surgir - to surge, to appear, to spout, to spurt461. suspirar - to sigh462. tañer - to pluck, to play (a stringed instrument)463. telefonear - to telephone464. telegrafiar - to telegraph, to cable465. temblar - to tremble, to quake, to quiver, to shake, to shiver 466. temer - to fear, to dread467. tender - to extend, to offer, to stretch, to spread out, to hang out (washing)468. tener - to have, to hold469. tentar - to examine by touch, to feel with the fingers, to attempt, to try470. terminar - to end, to terminate, to finish471. tirar - to pull, to draw, to pitch (a ball), to shoot (a gun), to throw, to fling472. tocar - to play (a musical instrument), to touch473. tomar - to take, to have (something to eat or to drink)474. tostar - to toast, to tan, to roast (coffee)475. trabajar - to work, to labor476. traducir - to translate477. traer - to bring478. tratar - to try, to treat a subject479. tropezar - to stumble, to blunder480. unir - to connect, to unite, to join, to bind, to attach481. usar - to use, to employ, to wear482. utilizar - to utilize483. vaciar - to empty484. valer - to be worth485. velar - to stay awake, to guard, to watch over486. vencer - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat487. vender - to sell488. venir - to come489. ver - to see490. vestirse - to dress oneself, to get dressed491. viajar - to travel492. vigilar - to watch (over), to keep guard, to look out for493. visitar - to visit494. vivir - to live495. volar - to fly496. volver - to return, to go back497. votar - to vote, to vow498. yacer - to lie down, to be lying down, to lie in a grave 499. zumbar - to buzz, to hum, to flutter around500. zurcir - to darn, to mend。
西班牙语500个最常用动词#精选.
500 most used Spanish verbs1. abatir - to knock down, to overthrow, to throw down2. abrasar - to burn, to set on fire3. abrazar - to embrace, to hug; to clamp4. abrir - to open5. absolver - to absolve, to acquit6. abstenerse - to abstain7. aburrir - to annoy, to bore, to vex8. aburrirse - to be bored, to grow tired, to grow weary9. acabar - to finish, to end, to complete10. acelerar - to accelerate, to speed, to hasten, to hurry11. aceptar - to accept12. acercar - to bring near, to place near13. acercarse - to approach, to draw near14. acertar - to hit the mark, to hit upon, to do (something) right, to succeed in, to guess right15. aclamar - to acclaim, to applaud, to shout, to hail16. aclarar - to explain, to clarify, to make clear, to rinse, to clear17. acompañar - to accompany, to escort, to go with, to keep company18. aconsejar - to advise, to counsel19. acordar - to agree (upon)20. acordarse - to remember21. acostarse - to go to bed, to lie down22. acostumbrar - to be accustomed23. acuchillar - to knife, to cut, to flash, to cut open24. acudir - to attend, to be present frequently, to respond (to a call), to come to the rescue25. acusar - to accuse26. adelantar - to advance, to keep on, to progress, to go ahead27. adelantarse - to go forward, to go ahead, to move ahead, to take the lead28. adivinar - to divine, to foretell, to guess29. admirar - to admire30. admitir - to admit, to grant, to permit31. adoptar - to adopt32. adorar - to adore, to worship33. adquirir - to acquire, to get, to obtain34. advertir - to advise, to give notice, to give warning, to take notice of, to warn35. afeitarse - to shave oneself36. agarrar - to grasp, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to clutch, to come upon37. agitar - to agitate, to wave, to shake up, to stir38. agotar - to exhaust, to use up39. agradar - to please, to be pleasing40. agradecer - to thank, to be thankful for41. agrandar - to enlarge, to grow larger, to increase42. agravar - to aggravate, to make worse43. agregar - to add, to collect, to gather, to aggregate, to collate44. agrupar - to group45. aguardar - to expect, to wait for46. ahorrar - to economize, to save47. alcanzar - to reach, to overtake48. alegrarse - to be glad, to rejoice49. almorzar - to lunch, to have lunch50. alquilar - to hire, to rent51. alumbrar - to illuminate, to light, to enlighten52. alumbrarse - to be (get) high, to get tipsy, to become lively (from liquor)53. alzar - to heave, to lift, to pick up, to raise (prices)54. amar - to love55. añadir - to add56. andar - to walk57. anunciar - to announce, to foretell, to proclaim58. apagar - to put out (flame, fire), to extinguish, to turn off (flame, fire, light)59. aparecer - to appear, to show up60. aplaudir - to applaud61. apoderarse - to take power, to take possession62. apreciar - to appreciate, to appraise, to esteem63. aprender - to learn64. apresurarse - to hasten, to hurry, to rush65. aprobar - to approve, to pass a test66. aprovecharse - to take advantage, to avail oneself67. apurarse - to fret, to grieve, to worry68. arrancar - to root up (out), to pull up (out), to tear off (away), to snatch69. arreglar - to fix, to arrange, to adjust, to regulate, to settle, to repair70. arrojar - to fling, to hurl, to throw71. articular - to articulate, to pronounce distinctly72. asegurar - to assure, to affirm, to assert, to insure73. asir - to seize, to grasp74. asistir - to attend, to assist, to be present75. asustarse - to be frightened, to be scared76. atacar - to attack77. atenerse - to rely on, to depend on78. atraer - to attract, to allure, to charm79. atravesar - to cross, to go through, to run through80. atreverse - to dare, to venture81. avanzar - to advance82. averiguar - to find out, to inquire, to investigate83. ayudar - to help, to aid, to assist84. bailar - to dance85. bajar - to lower, to let down, to come down, to go down, to descend86. balbucear - to stammer, to hesitate in speech87. bañarse - to bathe oneself, to take a bath88. barrer - to sweep, to whisk89. bastar - to be enough, to be sufficient, to suffice90. bautizar - to baptize, to christen91. beber - to drink92. bendecir - to bless, to consecrate93. borrar - to erase, to cross out94. bostezar - to yawn, to gape95. botar - to fling, to cast (away), to throw (away), to launch96. broncear - to bronze, to tan97. bullir - to boil, to bustle, to hustle, to stir98. burlarse - to make fun of, to poke fun at, to ridicule99. buscar - to look for, to seek100. caber - to be contained, to fit into101. caer - to fall102. caerse - to fall, to fall down, to tumble103. calentar - to heat (up), to warm (up)104. callarse - to be silent, to keep quiet105. calzar - to shoe, to wear (shoes), to put on (shoes)106. cambiar - to change107. caminar - to walk, to move along108. cansarse - to become tired, to become weary, to get tired 109. cantar - to sing110. caracterizar - to characterize111. cargar - to load, to burden112. casarse - to get married, to marry113. celebrar - to celebrate114. cenar - to have supper, to eat supper115. cepillar - to brush116. cerrar - to close117. certificar - to certify, to register (a letter), to attest118. charlar - to chat, to prattle119. chistar - to mumble, to mutter120. chupar - to suck121. cocinar - to cook122. coger - to seize, to take, to grasp, to grab, to catch123. colegir - to collect124. colgar - to hang (up)125. colocar - to put, to place126. comenzar - to begin, to commence, to start127. comer - to eat128. componer - to compose129. comprar - to buy, to purchase130. comprender - to understand131. conducir - to lead, to conduct, to drive132. confesar - to confess133. conocer - to know, to be acquainted with134. conseguir - to attain, to get, to obtain135. constituir - to constitute, to make up136. construir - to construct, to build137. contar - to count, to relate, to tell138. contener - to contain, to hold139. contestar - to answer, to reply140. continuar - to continue141. contribuir - to contribute142. convencer - to convince143. convenir - to agree, to convene144. convertir - to convert145. convocar - to call together, to convene, to convoke, to summon 146. corregir - to correct147. correr - to run, to race, to flow148. cortar - to cut, to cut off, to cut out149. costar - to cost150. crecer - to grow151. creer - to believe152. criar - to breed, to raise, to bring up (rear)153. cruzar - to cross154. cubrir - to cover155. cuidarse - to take care of oneself156. cumplir - to fulfill, to keep (a promise), to reach one's birthday (use with años)157. dar - to give158. deber - to owe, must, ought159. decidir - to decide160. decir - to say, to tell161. declarar - to declare162. dedicarse - to devote oneself163. defender - to defend164. dejar - to let, to permit, to allow, to leave165. delinquir - to be delinquent, to violate the law166. demostrar - to demonstrate, to prove167. denunciar - to denounce168. depender - to depend169. derribar - to knock down, to overthrow, to tear down, to throw down170. desayunarse - to breakfast, to have breakfast171. descansar - to rest172. describir - to describe, to delineate173. descubrir - to discover174. desear - to desire, to wish, to want175. desempeñar - to play (a part), to act (a part), to discharge, to perform (a duty), to take out of pawn176. deshacer - to undo, to destroy, to take apart177. despedirse - to take leave of, to say good-bye to178. despegar - to detach, to unglue, to unstuck, to take off (airplane) 179. desperezarse - to stretch oneself, to stretch one's arms and legs 180. despertarse - to wake up oneself181. destruir - to destroy182. desvestirse - to undress oneself, to get undressed183. detener - to stop (someone or something), to detain184. detenerse - to stop (oneself)185. devolver - to return (an object), to refund, to give back186. dibujar - to design, to draw, to sketch187. dirigir - to direct188. disculparse - to apologize, to excuse (oneself)189. discutir - to discuss190. dispensar - to excuse, to dispense, to distribute, to exempt 191. distinguir - to distinguish192. divertirse - to have a good time, to enjoy oneself193. divorciarse - to be (get) divorced194. doler - to ache, to pain, to hurt, to cause grief, to cause regret 195. dormir - to sleep196. ducharse - to take a shower, to shower oneself197. dudar - to doubt198. echar - to cast, to fling, to hurt, to pitch, to throw199. ejecutar - to execute, to carry out, to perform200. ejercer - to exercise, to practice (a professional)201. elegir - to elect, to select, to choose202. embeber - to soak in, to soak up, to suck in, to imbibe203. empezar - to begin, to start204. emplear - to employ, to use205. encender - to incite, to inflame, to kindle, to light206. encerrar - to enclose, to lock up, to confine207. encontrar - to meet, to encounter, to find208. enfadarse - to become angry209. enfermarse - to get sick, to fall sick, to become sick, to fall ill, to become ill210. enojarse - to become angry, to get angry, to get cross211. enseñar - to teach, to show, to point out212. entender - to understand213. entrar - to enter, to go (in), to come (in)214. entregar - to deliver, to hand over, to give215. enunciar - to enunciate, to state216. enviar - to send217. envolver - to wrap up218. equivocarse - to be mistaken219. erguir - to raise, to stand up straight220. errar - to err, to wander, to roam, to miss221. escoger - to choose, to select222. escribir - to write223. escuchar - to listen (to)224. esparcir - to scatter, to spread225. esperar - to expect, to hope, to wait (for)226. esquiar - to ski227. establecer - to establish228. estar - to be229. estimar - to estimate, to esteem, to respect, to value230. estudiar - to study231. exigir - to demand, to urge, to require232. explicar - to explain233. expresar - to express234. fabricar - to fabricate, to manufacture235. faltar - to be lacking, to be wanting, to lack, to miss, to need 236. felicitar - to congratulate, to felicitate237. festejar - to feast, to entertain, to celebrate238. fiar - to confide, to trust239. fijarse - to take notice, to pay attention, to settle240. fingir - to feign, to pretend241. firmar - to sign242. formar - to form, to shape243. fregar - to wash dishes, to scrub244. freír - to fry245. fumar - to smoke246. funcionar - to function, to run (machine)247. ganar - to earn, to gain, to win248. gastar - to spend (money), to wear out, to waste249. gemir - to grieve, to groan, to moan250. gobernar - to govern, to rule251. gozar - to enjoy252. gritar - to shout, to scream, to shriek, to cry out253. gruñir - to grumble, to grunt, to growl, to creak254. guiar - to lead, to guide255. gustar - to be pleasing (to), to like256. haber - to have (as an auxiliary, helping verb to form the compound tenses)257. habitar - to inhabit, to dwell, to live, to reside258. hablar - to talk, to speak259. hacer - to do, to make260. hallar - to find, to discover, to locate261. helar - to freeze262. heredar - to inherit263. herir - to harm, to hurt, to wound264. huir - to escape, to flee, to run away, to slip away265. ignorar - to be ignorant of, not to know266. impedir - to hinder, to impede, to prevent267. importar - to matter, to be important268. imprimir - to imprint, to impress, to print, to fix in the mind 269. incluir - to include, to enclose270. indicar - to indicate, to point out271. inducir - to induce, to influence, to persuade272. influir - to influence273. informarse - to inform oneself, to find out274. inscribir - to inscribe, to record, to register275. inscribirse - to enroll, to register276. insistir - to insist, to persist277. interesarse - to be interested in278. introducir - to introduce279. invitar - to invite280. ir - to go281. irse - to go away282. jugar - to play (a game, sport)283. juntar - to join, to unite, to connect284. jurar - to swear, to take an oath285. juzgar - to judge286. lanzar - to throw, to hurl, to fling, to launch287. lastimarse - to hurt oneself, to feel sorry for, to complain, toregret288. lavar - to wash289. lavarse - to wash oneself290. leer - to read291. levantar - to lift, to raise292. levantarse - to get up, to rise293. limpiar - to clean294. limpiarse - to clean oneself295. llamar - to call, to name296. llamarse - to call oneself, to be named297. llegar - to arrive298. llenar - to fill299. llevar - to carry (away), to take (away), to wear300. llorar - to weep, to cry, to whine301. llover - to rain302. luchar - to fight, to strive, to struggle, to wrestle303. maldecir - to curse304. manejar - to manage, to handle, to drive, to operate (a vehicle) 305. mantener - to maintain, to keep up, to support, to provide for 306. marcar - to mark, to note, to observe307. marchar - to walk, to march, to function (machine), to run (machine)308. marcharse - to go away, to leave309. matar - to kill310. medir - to measure, to weigh, to scan (verses)311. mejorar - to improve312. mencionar - to mention313. mentir - to lie, to tell a lie314. merecer - to merit, to deserve315. mirar - to look, to look at, to watch316. mirarse - to look at oneself, to look at each other (uno a otro, unos a otros)317. mojarse - to get wet, to wet oneself318. montar - to mount, to go up, to climb, to get on, to wind (a watch)319. morder - to bite320. morir - to die321. mostrar - to show, to point out322. mover - to move, to persuade, to excite323. mudarse - to change one's clothes, to change one's place of residence, to move324. nacer - to be born325. nadar - to swim326. navegar - to navigate, to sail327. necesitar - to need328. negar - to deny329. nevar - to snow330. obedecer - to obey331. observar - to observe332. obtener - to obtain, to get333. ocultarse - to hide oneself334. ocupar - to occupy335. ocurrir - to occur, to happen336. ofrecer - to offer337. oír - to hear338. oler - to smell, to scent339. olvidar - to forget340. oponer - to oppose341. ordenar - to order, to command, to put in order, to arrange 342. organizar - to organize, to arrange, to set up343. osar - to dare, to venture344. pagar - to pay345. parar - to stop (someone or something)346. pararse - to stop (oneself)347. parecer - to seem, to appear348. parecerse - to resemble each other, to look alike349. partir - to leave, to depart, to divide, to split350. pasar - to pass (by), to happen, to spend (time)351. pasearse - to take a walk, to parade352. pedir - to ask for, to request353. pegar - to beat, to hit, to slap, to stick, to glue, to paste 354. peinarse - to comb one's hair355. pensar - to think356. percibir - to perceive357. perder - to lose358. perdonar - to pardon, to forgive, to excuse359. permitir - to permit, to admit, to allow, to grant360. pertenecer - to pertain, to appertain, to belong361. pintar - to paint362. pintarse - to make up (one's face), to tint, to color (one's hair, lips, etc.)363. pisar - to tread (on), to step on, to trample364. placer - to gratify, to humor, to please365. platicar - to chat, to talk over, to discuss366. poder - to be able, can367. poner - to put, to place368. ponerse - to put on (clothing), to become, to set (of sun) 369. poseer - to possess, to own370. practicar - to practice371. predecir - to predict, to forecast, to foretell372. predicar - to preach373. preferir - to prefer374. preguntar - to ask, to inquire, to question375. preocuparse - to be concerned, to worry, to be worried376. preparar - to prepare377. prepararse - to be prepared, to get ready, to prepare oneself 378. presentar - to present, to display, to show, to introduce379. prestar - to lend380. principiar - to begin381. probar - to test, to prove, to try, to try on382. probarse - to try on (clothes)383. proclamar - to proclaim, to promulgate384. producir - to produce, to cause385. prohibir - to prohibit, to forbid386. pronunciar - to pronounce387. proteger - to protect388. pulir - to polish389. quedarse - to remain, to stay390. quejarse - to complain, to grumble391. quemar - to burn, to fire392. querer - to want, to wish393. quitarse - to take off (clothing), to remove oneself, to withdraw 394. raer - to scrape, to rub off, to erase, to wipe out395. realizar - to realize, to carry out, to fulfill396. recibir - to receive, to get397. recoger - to pick (up), to gather, to harvest398. recomendar - to recommend, to commend, to advise399. reconocer - to recognize, to acknowledge, to be grateful for 400. recordar - to remember, to recall, to remind401. referir - to refer, to relate402. regalar - to give as a present, to make a present of, to give as a gift403. regar - to water, to irrigate, to sprinkle404. regresar - to return, to go back, to regress405. reír - to laugh406. reírse - to laugh407. rellenar - to refill, to fill again, to stuff408. remitir - to remit, to forward, to transmit409. reparar - to mend, to repair, to notice, to observe410. repartir - to distribute, to deal cards411. repetir - to repeat412. resolver - to resolve, to solve (a problem)413. responder - to answer, to reply, to respond414. retirar - to retire, to withdraw415. retrasar - to delay, to retard416. reunirse - to assemble, to get together, to meet, to gather 417. revocar - to revoke, to repeal418. revolver - to revolve, to turn around, to turn over, to turn upside down419. robar - to rob, to steal420. rogar - to supplicate, to ask, to ask for, to request, to beg, to pray 421. romper - to break, to shatter, to tear422. saber - to know, to know how423. sacar - to take out, to get424. sacudir - to shake, to jerk, to jolt425. salir - to go out, to leave426. saltar - to jump, to leap, to hop, to spring427. saludar - to greet, to salute428. satisfacer - to satisfy429. secar - to dry, to wipe dry430. secarse - to dry oneself431. seguir - to follow, to pursue, to continue432. señalar - to signal, to indicate, to point out, to show433. sentarse - to sit down434. sentir - to feel sorry, to regret, to feel435. sentirse - to feel (well, ill)436. separar - to separate, to detach, to sort, to set apart437. ser - to be438. servir - to serve439. socorrer - to help, to aid, to assist, to succor440. sofocar - to choke, to smother, to suffocate, to stifle441. soler - to be accustomed to, to be in the habit of, to have the custom of442. sollozar - to sob, to whimper443. someter - to subdue, to subject, to surrender, to submit444. sonar - to ring, to echo, to resound, to sound445. soñar - to dream446. sonreír - to smile447. soplar - to blow, to blow out448. sorprender - to surprise, to astonish449. sospechar - to suspect450. sostener - to sustain, to support, to maintain, to uphold451. subir - to go up, to come up, to climb, to rise, to mount, to get on (a train, bus, etc.)452. subrayar - to underline, to underscore, to emphasize453. subscribir - to subscribe, to agree with, to sign454. suceder - to happen455. sufrir - to suffer, to endure, to bear up, to undergo456. sugerir - to hint, to insinuate, to suggest457. sumergir - to submerge, to plunge, to immerse, to sink458. suponer - to suppose, to assume459. suprimir - to suppress, to abolish, to cancel (in mathematics), to eliminate460. surgir - to surge, to appear, to spout, to spurt461. suspirar - to sigh462. tañer - to pluck, to play (a stringed instrument)463. telefonear - to telephone464. telegrafiar - to telegraph, to cable465. temblar - to tremble, to quake, to quiver, to shake, to shiver 466. temer - to fear, to dread467. tender - to extend, to offer, to stretch, to spread out, to hang out (washing)468. tener - to have, to hold469. tentar - to examine by touch, to feel with the fingers, to attempt, to try470. terminar - to end, to terminate, to finish471. tirar - to pull, to draw, to pitch (a ball), to shoot (a gun), to throw, to fling472. tocar - to play (a musical instrument), to touch473. tomar - to take, to have (something to eat or to drink)474. tostar - to toast, to tan, to roast (coffee)475. trabajar - to work, to labor476. traducir - to translate477. traer - to bring478. tratar - to try, to treat a subject479. tropezar - to stumble, to blunder480. unir - to connect, to unite, to join, to bind, to attach481. usar - to use, to employ, to wear482. utilizar - to utilize483. vaciar - to empty484. valer - to be worth485. velar - to stay awake, to guard, to watch over486. vencer - to conquer, to overcome, to defeat487. vender - to sell488. venir - to come489. ver - to see490. vestirse - to dress oneself, to get dressed491. viajar - to travel492. vigilar - to watch (over), to keep guard, to look out for493. visitar - to visit494. vivir - to live495. volar - to fly496. volver - to return, to go back497. votar - to vote, to vow498. yacer - to lie down, to be lying down, to lie in a grave 499. zumbar - to buzz, to hum, to flutter around500. zurcir - to darn, to mend最新文件仅供参考已改成word文本。
西班牙语简单过去时动词变位和用法.doc
西班牙语简单过去时动词变位和用法总结1．常用特殊不规则变化动词：Ser--- fui , fuiste, fue , fuimos, fuisteis ,fueronEstar---estuve, estuviste, estuvo , estuvimos, estuvisteis ,estuvieronIr--- fui , fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis,fueronVenir--- vine , viniste, vino , vinimos, vinisteis,vinieronQuerer--- quise , quisiste, quiso , quisimos, quisisteis, quisieronPoder---pude, pudiste, pudo , pudimos, pudisteis, pudieronDar ---di , diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieronDecir--- dije, dijiste, dijo , dijimos, dijisteis,dijeronHacer--- hice, hiciste, hizo , hicimos, hicisteis,hicieronSaber---supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieronTener---tuve, tuviste, tuvo , tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieronPoner---puse, pusiste, puso , pusimos , pusisteis, pusieronOír--- oí , oíste , oyó ,oímos ,oísteis ,oyeronTraer---traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos , trajisteis, trajeronCaer---caí , caíste ,cayó ,caímos,ca ísteis , cayeron2．简单过去时规则变位规律：(1),以--ar结尾的:-- é ,--aste, --ó ,--amos , --asteis , --aron(2) ,以--er和--ir结尾的:--í ,--iste , --i ó ,--imos, --isteis , --ieron例如： estudiar---estudi é , estudiaste, estudió , estudiamos, estudiasteis , estudiaronComer---comí , comiste, comió , comimos , comisteis, comieronEscribir---escrib í , escribiste, escribió , escribimos, escribisteis, escribieron(3) ,有些动词，虽属规则变位，为了保持发音的一致，词根某字母需作改变例如： pagar---pag ué , pagaste, pagó , pagamos, pagasteis, pagaronTocar---toq ué, tocaste,toc ó , tocamos, tocasteis , tocaronAveriguar---averigüé , averiguaste, averiguó, averiguamos, averiguasteis, averiguaronPedir---pedí , pediste, p i di ó , pedimos , pedisteis , p i dieronDormir--- Traducir---tradu dormí , dormiste, dj e, traduurmi ó j iste,tradu, dormimos, dormisteis, dj o , tradu j imos, traduurmieronj isteis , tradu j eron3.简单过去时的用法与意义○;1 表示在说话之前已经发生了的行为，而且这一行为与目前不相干。
西班牙语在线练习：用适当的动词填空
1, Ahora ____ mucho sol. 现在太阳很好。
2, Mi reloj ____ la una y media. 我的⼿表现在是⼀点半。
3, Generalmente , no _____sol por la noche . 通常来说，晚上没有太阳。
4, A veces ____ neblina en la carretera. 有时候公路上会起雾。
5, Los jóvenes _____ gritos en los conciertos de rock. 那些年轻⼈在摇滚⾳乐会上⼤喊⼤叫。
6, ____ sed y hambre. 我⼜饿⼜渴。
7, No _____ la culpa de nada . 我⼀点也没错。
8, _____ que limpiar mi cuarto. 我应该要打扫我的房间。
9, _____calor aquí. 这⾥很热。
10, ______ frío . 我觉得冷。
11, ______ mucho sueño . 我很困。
12, Nunca _____ prisa. 我从来都不着急。
13, _____un viaje pronto. 我快要去旅⾏了。
1, Ahora hay mucho sol. 2, Mi reloj da la una y media. 3, Generalmente ,no hay sol por la noche . 4, A veces hay neblina en la carretera. 5, Los jóvenes dan gritos en los conciertos de rock. 6, Tengo sed y hambre. 7, No tengo la culpa de nada . 8, Tengo que limpiar mi cuarto. 9, Hace calor aquí. 10, Tengo frío . 11, Tengo mucho sueño . 12, Nunca tengo prisa. 13, Hago un viaje pronto.。
西班牙语500个最常用动词(试题复习)
500 most used Spanish verbs1. abatir - to knock down, to overthrow, to throw down2. abrasar - to burn, to set on fire3. abrazar - to embrace, to hug; to clamp4. abrir - to open5. absolver - to absolve, to acquit6. abstenerse - to abstain7. aburrir - to annoy, to bore, to vex8. aburrirse - to be bored, to grow tired, to grow weary9. acabar - to finish, to end, to complete10. acelerar - to accelerate, to speed, to hasten, to hurry11. aceptar - to accept12. acercar - to bring near, to place near13. acercarse - to approach, to draw near14. acertar - to hit the mark, to hit upon, to do (something) right, to succeed in, to guess right15. aclamar - to acclaim, to applaud, to shout, to hail16. aclarar - to explain, to clarify, to make clear, to rinse, to clear17. acompañar - to accompany, to escort, to go with, to keep company18. aconsejar - to advise, to counsel19. acordar - to agree (upon)20. acordarse - to remember21. acostarse - to go to bed, to lie down22. acostumbrar - to be accustomed23. acuchillar - to knife, to cut, to flash, to cut open24. acudir - to attend, to be present frequently, to respond (to a call), to come to the rescue25. acusar - to accuse26. adelantar - to advance, to keep on, to progress, to go ahead27. adelantarse - to go forward, to go ahead, to move ahead, to take the lead28. adivinar - to divine, to foretell, to guess29. admirar - to admire30. admitir - to admit, to grant, to permit31. adoptar - to adopt32. adorar - to adore, to worship33. adquirir - to acquire, to get, to obtain34. advertir - to advise, to give notice, to give warning, to take noticeof, to warn35. afeitarse - to shave oneself36. agarrar - to grasp, to obtain, to seize, to catch, to clutch, to come upon37. agitar - to agitate, to wave, to shake up, to stir38. agotar - to exhaust, to use up39. agradar - to please, to be pleasing40. agradecer - to thank, to be thankful for41. agrandar - to enlarge, to grow larger, to increase42. agravar - to aggravate, to make worse43. agregar - to add, to collect, to gather, to aggregate, to collate44. agrupar - to group45. aguardar - to expect, to wait for46. ahorrar - to economize, to save47. alcanzar - to reach, to overtake48. alegrarse - to be glad, to rejoice49. almorzar - to lunch, to have lunch50. alquilar - to hire, to rent51. alumbrar - to illuminate, to light, to enlighten52. alumbrarse - to be (get) high, to get tipsy, to become lively (from liquor)53. alzar - to heave, to lift, to pick up, to raise (prices)54. amar - to love55. añadir - to add56. andar - to walk57. anunciar - to announce, to foretell, to proclaim58. apagar - to put out (flame, fire), to extinguish, to turn off (flame, fire, light)59. aparecer - to appear, to show up60. aplaudir - to applaud61. apoderarse - to take power, to take possession62. apreciar - to appreciate, to appraise, to esteem63. aprender - to learn64. apresurarse - to hasten, to hurry, to rush65. aprobar - to approve, to pass a test66. aprovecharse - to take advantage, to avail oneself67. apurarse - to fret, to grieve, to worry68. arrancar - to root up (out), to pull up (out), to tear off (away), to snatch69. arreglar - to fix, to arrange, to adjust, to regulate, to settle, to repair70. arrojar - to fling, to hurl, to throw71. articular - to articulate, to pronounce distinctly。
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动词综合复习（一）一1. Que (tener ,ellos) buena suerte.2. Nos sorprende que no (saber, usted) nada de lo ocurrido.3. Creo que él (ser) la persona más conveniente para este trabajo.4. No creo que (permitir, tú) a su hijo (ir) solamente a un lugar tan peligroso.5. Es verdad que (poder, ella) contestar todas las preguntas correctamente.6. ¿(necesitar, yo) explicártelo una vez más?7. No (venir, ella) hoy quizás.8. (venir, usted) a buscarme cuando (estar) libre.9. Estoy muy preocupado de que la niña no (poder) superar esta dificultad.10. Tengo miedo de (tratar, yo) con un hombre tan raro.11. No creo que un chiquito (poder) solucionar un problema tan complicado(复杂的) sin que nadie le (ayudar).12. Te esperaré aquí hasta que (volver, tú)13. Me (encantar) esta película.14. Ellos me prohiben que (hablar, yo) en voz tan alta.15. Me alrgra que ella (corregir) todos sus errores.16. Se siente muy mal de que nadie (hablar) con él.17. Mi amiga me aconseja que (separarse ,分开，脱离, yo) de mi novio.二1. Ojalá no (tardar ,ellos) mucho en llegar.2. Nos sorprende que no (saber, tú) nada de lo ocurrido.3. (empezar , ella) a aprender pintar cuando (tener) 6 años.4. No creo que (ir, él) solamente a un lugar tan peligroso.5. Es cierto que (estar, yo) de acuerdo contigo.6. Tal vez (regresar, ellos) a casa.7. No (venir, ella) hoy quizás.8. (venir, tú) a buscarme cuando (poder) entender esta frase.9. Estoy muy triste de que usted (decir) así.10. Tengo miedo de que su padre le (pegar)11. No creo que un niño (poder) comprender algo tan complicado sin que nadie se lo (explicar).12. Te esperaré hasta que (acabar) tu trabajo.13. Es necesario que no (decir, tú) nada en este momento.14. Temo no (poder) pasar el examen.15. Me alrgra que eso no (ser) verdad.16. Se sienten muy contentos de que la empresa (funcionar) muy bien.17. Mi amigo me aconseja que no (hacer) los ejercicios de este libro.三1. Yolanda habla tan bien el español, porque (practicar) mucho.2.Creo que éste es el mayor éxito que (obtener, nosotros).3. ¡En mi vida (ver, yo) una “r” tan fea!4. Aquel día las dos hermanas (irse) muy (preocuparse).5. Hasta ahora nadie la (entender), aunque Mariposa ha dedicado casi dos horas a (explicarlo) en chino para que todo el mundo (poder) (entenderlo).6. Ya son las 3 de la tarde, (terminar, nosotros) todos los deberes de hoy.7. Son las 3 de la tarde, por la mañana ya (terminar, nosotros) todos los deberes de hoy.8.¿ No ven que estoy ocupado? (dejarme) en paz.四1. La mujer que está al lado de la silla (ser) la madre de Pedro quizás.2. Me sorprende que ella (estar) de acuerdo contigo.3. Esperamos (encontrarlo) pronto.4. El profesor exige a los estudiantes que (corregir) todos los errores.5. El jefe de la policía manda a la gente que (llamar) en seguida una ambulancia (救护车)6. Nunca me he imaginado que uno (pagar) tan caro por lo que ha hecho.7. Nadie cree que aquella chica guapa (ser) la asesina(凶手).8. Le preocupa mucho que no le (dar) ninguna respuesta.9. Es importante (conocer) la historia de los países hispanohablantes.10. ¿(poder) fumar aquí?11. (decir) que es una leyenda antigua.12.En esta fábrica (trabajar) hasta más tarde que en aquella fábrica.13. Es un país donde (leer) mucho.14. Las instrucciones se escribarán en diferentes lenguas para que los clientes de diversas naciones las (poder) entender.15. Lo (esperar, yo) hasta que acabe su trabajo.16. Será mejor que lo (acompañar,tú ) ahora.17. Prefiero aquel trabajo para (ayudar, yo) a mis padres.18. Dedico dos horas cada día a (estudiar) español.19. La relación entre Pedro y Ema va (mejorar) .20. ------ ¿ Por qué estás tan triste? ¿Qué te pasa?------ No me (pasar) nada.五1. Aquel texto es el más difícil que (estudiar, nosotros).2. En aquella situación se limitó a (decir a ti) tanto.3. Desde que murió su padre, cinco meses (pasar).4.Anoche cuando (regresar) a casa mi padre, toda la familia (acostarse).5. El año pasado casi todas las tardes (pasear , yo) con mi madre por el jardín, pero sólo (ir, nosotros) al cine 3 veces.6. Como nunca (hablar, yo) ante tanta gente, estoy muy nervioso.7. Me dijeron que todos ellos (terminar) los deberes.8.Es imposible que él (ocupar) todos sus tiempos libres en pintar.9. Es cierto que él (estar) muy ocupado estos días.10. Nadie cree que el hombre (echar) todas las culpas a su mujer.11. Hasta aquel entonces, no supo lo que el día anterior.12. El viaje por China que (realizar, yo) el año pasado(ser)una experiencia muy importante para mí.13. Aunque vive muy lejos Pepe, nunca (llegar) tarde a la escuela. madre está muy contenta de que su hija la (comprar) un regalo para su cumpleaños.1. ¡ (Venir, tú) aquí! No (tener) miedo.2. Todos nosotros tememos que la situación (cambiar) .3. Él dijo que todos sus compañeros (estar) locos, y no se daba cuenta de que el único loco (ser)él mismo.4. No te permito que (salir) con aquel chico .5. Me parece que no está bien (discutir) eso ahora.6. Nunca me inmagino que ella (esperar) (dedicarse)a la enseñanza.7. Ojalá el decano no (venir) a nuestra fiesta.8. Ya lleva más de tres años (ellla, estudiar) español, y cada día ella (dedicar) por lo menos una hora a (leer)los textos.9. (Entender) y (perdonar) a otras personas son virtudes.10. Ayer nos (invitar) a la fiesta,.11. Este libro (leer) mucho entre los jóvenes.12. Nos da mucha sorpresa de que todos los alumnos de la clase (pasar) el examen sin que nigún porfesor les (enseñar).七1. El año pasado(llover) con mucha frecuencia.2. ¡ No (decirme) nada por favor!3. Durante aquellos años (ir, yo) al cine una vez a la semana.4. Está tan triste porque su madre (morir) .5. Este semestre (estudiar, nosotros) 6 lecciones.6. La lección 16 es la más difícil que (estudiar, nosotros).7. Me contestó que (escribir, ella) 5 cartas, y iba a escribir la sexta.8. ------¿ Sabes que Gema está enferma durante unos días?------ No, no lo sé. ¿ Cómo está ahora ? y ¿ está en casa?------ Hoy está mucho mejor que antes, y sí, está en su casa(acompañar) por su madre.------ ¡Pobrecita! Hace días me dijo que (viajar, ella) a Asia, pero todavía no (conseguir) billete, de modo que ella(estar) muy preocupada. Y ahora no (poder) viajar por la enfermedad. ¡ Qué lástima!-------- De veras, es una lástima.9 ¿ Qué dices? ¿No has visto al señor Fernando en la reunión? Pero ayer me dijo que (asistir, él) a la reunión.10. (querer) es (poder). chica logró entender lo que había dicho la extranjera(escuchar) con mucha atención.12. Todas estas cosas han sido (hacer) por su madre.13. El viaja por esta ciudad sin que nadie lo (acompañar).14. Cuando llegué a casa anoche, vi a mis padres (ver) la televisión.15. Nunca piensa ella que la (admitir) en aquella universidad.八1.(rosolver, yo) ya este problema,no es necesario que (preocuparse, tú) más.2. Quiero pasear sólo, ¡no (seguirme, tú)!3. Este libro es el más interesante que (leer, yo).4. Este año (comprar, él) más de cien libros.5. Durante aquellos años, ellos dos (viajar) mucho.6. El semestre pasado, los alumnos (tener) muchas actividades.7. En el año 1992, (ir, ella) a nadar 3 veces.8. En aquel entonces (tener, nosotros) que cruzar una gran plaza para llegar a la escuela todos los días.9. Cuando (llegar, yo ) a la sala donde se celebraba la fiesta, (estar) vacía la sala, (salir) todos.10. Dije a mis alumnos que (tomar, ellos) el examen el día 5 de julio.11. Cuando yo iba a aunciar la noticia, ellos me dijeron que ellos (enterarse) de ella.12. Cuando llegó el médico (morir) el efermo.13. Cuando pasé por aquella habitación, oí a unas chicas (cantar).14. Cuando vino mi profesor, (ir, yo) al cine.15. Mis padres me explicarón que aqulla chico me (ayudar) mucho en el estudio después de salir ellos.16. Juana está en el hospital ahora, es que (ser) (morder) por un perro.17. Mi trabajo es (enseñar) español.18. Ganó mucho dinero (traducir).19.Nadie de nosotros cree que (encargar, tu) a él este trabajo tan importante.20. Es posible que (sospechar, ellos) de nosotros.。