形式对等和动态对等
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Nida's Formal Equivalence
Байду номын сангаас
• Formal equivalence is thus keenly oriented towards the ST structure, which exerts strong influence in determining accuracy and correctness. Most typical of this kind of translation are 'gloss translations', with a allowing the student (since this type of translation will often be used in an academic environment) to gain close access to the language and customs of the source culture.
• Formal equivalence focuses attention on the message itself, in both form and content...One is concerned that the message in the receptor language should match as closely as possible the different elements in the source language.
• This receptor-oriented approach considers adaptations of grammar, of lexicon and of cultural references to be essential in order to achieve naturalness; the TT language should not show interference from the SL, and the 'foreignness' of the ST setting is minimized in a way that would now be criticized by later culturally oriented translation theorists.
substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and
the message'.
•
(Nida 1964:159)
• The message has to be tailored to the receptor's linguistic needs and cultural expectation and 'aims as complete naturalness of expression'. 'Naturalness' is a key requirement for Nida. Indeed, he defines the goal of dynamic equivalence as seeking 'the closet natural equivalent to the source-language message'
(Nida 1964a:159)
Nida's Dynamic Equivalence
• Dynamic equivalence is based on what Nida calls 'the principle of equivalent
effect', where 'the relationship between receptor and message should be
Байду номын сангаас
• Formal equivalence is thus keenly oriented towards the ST structure, which exerts strong influence in determining accuracy and correctness. Most typical of this kind of translation are 'gloss translations', with a allowing the student (since this type of translation will often be used in an academic environment) to gain close access to the language and customs of the source culture.
• Formal equivalence focuses attention on the message itself, in both form and content...One is concerned that the message in the receptor language should match as closely as possible the different elements in the source language.
• This receptor-oriented approach considers adaptations of grammar, of lexicon and of cultural references to be essential in order to achieve naturalness; the TT language should not show interference from the SL, and the 'foreignness' of the ST setting is minimized in a way that would now be criticized by later culturally oriented translation theorists.
substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and
the message'.
•
(Nida 1964:159)
• The message has to be tailored to the receptor's linguistic needs and cultural expectation and 'aims as complete naturalness of expression'. 'Naturalness' is a key requirement for Nida. Indeed, he defines the goal of dynamic equivalence as seeking 'the closet natural equivalent to the source-language message'
(Nida 1964a:159)
Nida's Dynamic Equivalence
• Dynamic equivalence is based on what Nida calls 'the principle of equivalent
effect', where 'the relationship between receptor and message should be