中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：4-7 各地区国家备案众创空间收入情况

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众创空间服务效率的多阶段测度

科技管理研究Science and Technology Management Research2020年第22期2020No.22 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7695.2020.22.011众创空间服务效率的多阶段测度李荣112,王彦铭3(1.武汉城市圈制造业发展研究中心，湖北武汉430056；2.江汉大学商学院，湖北武汉430056;3.湖北工业大学经济与管理学院，湖北武汉430068)摘要：通过两阶段共同边界的数据包络分析(DEA)方法，测度中国省域众创空间服务效率。

研究结果表明：(1)第一阶段中间服务产出的主导因素为纯技术效率，第二阶段最终服务转化的主导因素为规模效率；第二阶段省域各项效率均值均低于第一阶段。

(2)通过三阶段DEA模型测度，调整后省域众创空间服务的技术效率和纯技术效率上升、规模效率下降，纯技术效率优势明显。

(3)增加外商投资企业数量有助于提高众创空间服务效率；留学归国创业人数和众创空间数量•对众创空间服务投入形成替代。

(4)众创空间服务效率沿东部、中部、东北、西部依次递减，四大板块区域差异显著。

关键词：众创空间；服务效率；共同边界；三阶段数据包络分析中图分类号：F264.2;F062.4;F224;G301文献标志码：A文章编号：1000-7695(2020)22-0078-07Multi-stage Measurement of Service Efficiency in MakerspaceLi Rong1,2,Wang Yanming3(1.Research Center of Manufacturing Industry in Wuhan City Circle,Wuhan430056,China;2.School of Business,Jianghan University,Wuhan430056,China;3.School of Economics and Management,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan430068,China)Abstract：This paper measures the service efficiency of provincial makerspaces in China through two—stage common boundary DEA.The results show that:(1)Dominant factor in first stage of intermediate service output is pure technical efficiency,while it is scale efficiency in second stage of final service transformation;in the second stage,the average efficiency of each province is lower than that of the first stage.(2)By means of three—stage DEA model measure,the service technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the makerspaces in the adjusted province are increased,and the advantages of pure technical efficiency are obvious.(3)Increasing the number of foreign—invested enterprises will help to improve service efficiency of makerspaces;and the number of returned entrepreneurs and the number of makerspace form a substitute for the investment in makerspace services.(4)Service efficiency of makerspaces gradually decreases along the East,the Middle,the Northeast and the West of China,the regional differences of the four plates are significant.Key words:makerspace;service efficiency;common boundary;three—stage DEA1研究背景众创空间是一种创新型孵化器，能够满足大众创新创业需求，有效地将创新与创业、线上与线下、投资与孵化联系在一起，以实现全要素运营、便利化运营、低成本运营、开放式运营为目的。

中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：4-2 各地区众创空间服务情况

and Startups Received Technical Support (unit)
当年获得投融资的团队及企业的数
量 (个) Number of Groups and Startups that Received Investment (unit)
团队及企业当年获得投资总额 (千元) Amount of Investment Received
北京 Beijing 天津 Tianjin 河北 Hebei 山西 Shanxi 内蒙古 Inner Mongolia 辽宁 Liaoning 吉林 Jilin 黑龙江 Heilongjiang 上海 Shanghai 江苏 Jiangsu 浙江 Zhejiang 安徽 Anhui 福建 Fujian 江西 Jiangxi 山东 Shandong 河南 Henan 湖北 Hubei 湖南 Hunan 广东 Guangdong 广西 Guangxi 海南 Hainan 重庆 Chongqing 四川 Sichuan
贵州 Guizhou 云南 Yunnan 西藏 Tibet 陕西 Shaanxi 甘肃 Gansu 青海 Qinghai 宁夏 Ningxia 新疆 Xinjiang 新疆兵团 Xinjiang Corps
2798 3751
5728 5227
216 352 2203 801
1230 2598
4-2各地区众创空间服务情况 Service Statistic s of Mass Maker Spaces by Region
地区
Region
当年服务的创业团队数量
(个) Number of Serviced Entrepreneurial Groups (unit)

中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：6-7 软件产业基地科技活动经费筹集情况

6-7软件产业基地科技活动经费筹集情况Science and Technology ActivityFunding of Software IndustrialBases单位:千元合计2707887291772282101821893523930281 Total北京软件产业基地Beijing Software Industrial Base中关村软件园24100000Zhongguancun Software Park天津滨海高新区软件园11280602807467713059891899936 Tianjin Huayuan Software Park河北软件产业基地(石家庄)18030001280500310500112000 Hebei SoftwareBase(Shijiazhuang)山西软件园4463583314735450720177 Shanxi Software Park内蒙古软件园1423781053281583711527 Inner Mongolia Software Park东大软件园1035722835945187392 Dongda Software Park沈阳软件园145298613624191486875699 Shenyang Software Park大连软件园24048631899760150000355103 Dalian Software Park长春软件园85060051312259010202200 Changchun Software Park吉林软件园129000870007150 Jilin Software Park大庆软件园8958377679754891077416 Daqing Software Park上海软件园246933521262832914875644729507 Shanghai Software Park江苏软件园1300000127842021580Jiangsu Software Park南京软件园59529463896943597647556706 Nanjing Software Park无锡软件园170979001160092631511432191950 Wuxi Software Park常州软件园1695638141298320982367834 Changzhou Software Park武进软件园13835161288013576764546 Wujin Software Park苏州软件园30219892502747210000250000 Suzhou Software Park如皋软件园30000014300010000039800 Rugao Software Park杭州高新软件园29242046262135938569871095617 Hangzhou Hi-tech Software Park宁波市软件与服务外包产业园106000100006450031500 Ningbo Software Park6-7 续表 continued单位:千元合肥软件园15813081159823161231158292 Hefei Software Park福州软件园3253836279793212399893631 Fuzhou Software Park厦门软件园102500009160000918000172000 Xiamen Software Park金庐软件园12992478618884696232741 Jiangxi Jinlu Software Park齐鲁软件园24318426135082902307442982723 Qilu Software Park青岛软件园4449337417513416264611155) Qingdao Software Park东营软件园88195608721590011424 Dongying Software Park潍坊软件园12000005300002020040000 Weifang Software Park临沂软件园2187001537001500030000 Linyi Software Park郑州软件园3280002629004750010020 Zhenzhou Software Park湖北软件产业基地765515642565129855221522452Hubei Software Base长沙软件园31675761672547985842285428 Changsha Software Park广州软件园1342844812864372564076 Guangzhou Software Park深圳软件园33145535307133853566701707682 Shenzhen Software Park珠海高新区软件园43605332445490658200172452 Zhuhai Software Park南宁软件园86500065000050000165000 Nanning Software Park重庆软件园37878523971924843801614600 Chongqing Software Park天府软件园65186963902278883971357868 Tianfu Software Park贵阳火炬软件园1568546466541115418426541 Guiyang Torch Software Park云南软件园16081511125180806417 Yunnan Software Park西安软件园196548311421654211962152482517 Xi'an Software Park兰州软件园15396014046067006800 Lanzhou Software Park141512271139961355001177411527922583744735510392300525034780 249403941753016408955598379678600032800 261394220007286064885 11500027240 807892106251142410000200008800 1020012265546 539757 693850 100000 145000 807300 676745 4154164247 14951215000。

中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：7-2 各地区火炬特色产业基地经济指标

3
103
22204920 23079970 577790
19
3137
222475407 246821341 12207589
5
310
59203361 54513477 5327657
9
1351
157593373 158534574 17785951
10
5587
231068987 273276067 11516184
95647658 93317960
16213937 12150000
7182839
8793007 13341872 10413972
63208508 298396541
1027418
67160
4185307 3019800 1552333 2603116
6523580 821720
1037190 878163
with Data (unit)
基地内企业数
(个) Number of Enterprise
s (unit)
441 163364
工业总产值 (千元) Gross
Industrial Output Value (1000 yuan)
总收入 (千元) Total Income (1000 yuan)
上缴税额 (千元) Taxes Submmitted (1000 yuan)
1
9
16113525 16900440 875589
海南 Hainan 重庆 Chongqing 四川 Sichuan 贵州 Guizhou 云南 Yunnan 西藏 Tibet 陕西 Shaanxi 甘肃 Gansu 青海 Qinghai 宁夏 Ningxia 新疆 Xinjiang 新疆兵团 Xinjiang Corps

中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：3-6 各地区国家级科技企业孵化器基本情况

Innovation the Public
Mentors Service
(person) Platform
(1000
yuan)
15240719 9510892 1879720 2721071 1129036 1972245 197755 157361 225463 138741 601938 380026 147072 874487 2511179 866026 152436 319823 167481 759098 319794 690656 323891 1843719 104839 9200 100003
19644 11116
3275 3464 1789 1444
515 482 326 202 857 576 356 904 2952 1183 402 291 484 1455 723 828 512 1833 205
57 309
32468188 22783355
4108317 4351411 1225105 4291685
云南 Yunnan
西藏 Tibet
陕西 Shaanxi
甘肃 Gansu
青海 Qinghai
宁夏 Ningxia
新疆 Xinjiang
新疆兵团 Xinjiang Corps
注:截至 2017年底, 全国共有国家级孵化器988 家,其中上报数据的国家级孵化器976 家,有12家国家级孵化器未上报数据。表中有关数据均为976家上报数据的国家级孵化器汇总数据。
对公共技术
管理机构从业人员数
(人) Total Number of Management Personnel (person)

中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：1-4 各高新区企业收入情况

24203 15419489
29221 68281 88077 6754198 63507
大庆
上海张江
上海紫竹南京无锡江阴徐州常州武进苏州昆山
Daqing Shanghai Zhangjiang Shanghai Zizhu Nanjing Wuxi Jiangyin Xuzhou Changzhou Wujin Suzhou Kunshan
1-4各高新区企业收入情况 Revenue Statistic s of Enterpris es in National Hi-tech Zones
单位:千元
(1000 yuan)
地区
Region
合计
Total
北京中关村天津滨海石家庄唐山保定承德燕郊太原长治呼和浩特包头鄂尔多斯沈阳大连鞍山本溪锦州营口阜新辽阳长春
9708674 62651519 456066060
113783628 15030776 325573 20939915 27203 115630 4509719 66784 19000 1989081 2204 23671807 17293566 186915 6593 1464845 1161656
94773 700537 35715087 11170576 6122843
1-4 续表 1 continued 单位:千元
(1000 yuan)
地区
Region
常熟南通连云港淮安盐城扬州镇江泰州宿迁杭州
萧山临江
宁波温州嘉兴莫干山绍兴衢州合肥芜湖蚌埠马鞍山慈湖
Changshu Nantong Lianyungang Huai an Yancheng Yangzhou Zhen Jiang Taizhou Suqian Hangzhou Xiaoshan Linjiang Ningbo Wenzhou Jiaxing Moganshan Shaoxing Quzhou Hefei Wuhu Bengbu

中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：5-4 各地区国家大学科技园孵化场地情况

2000
3300
1435734977Fra bibliotek6400
16360
27279
7495
66585 102331
129370 101313
4910
2083
38567
52296
3508
34910 112000
37794
23650
172287 215919
47764 220180
7024
31258
5571
7000
4046
5-4各地区国家大学科技园孵化场地情况 Incubatio n Space of National Universit y Science Parks by Region 单位:平方米
(sq.m)
地区
Region
合计 National Total 东部地区 Eastern Region 中部地区 Middle Region 西部地区 Western Region 东北地区 Northeast Region
2268 200
研发用房 Space
Area of R&D
生产用房 Space
Area of Manufacurt
ing
1161238 1116819
730419 322013
302552 633653
80230 102321
48036
58832
419060
52199
43000
16000
15762
17437
2000
793
4860
3811
1938
28348
49040
其它 Others

中国火炬统计年鉴2018指标数据：1-3 各高新区企业主要经济指标

1-3各高新区企业主要经济指标MainEconomicIndicators ofEnterprises inNationalHi-tech合计Total18526651036314891719407420北京中关村BeijingZhongguancun45931122013130222620437天津滨海Tianjin Binhai1521140731458353116石家庄Shijiazhuang13729822281124195唐山Tangshan33252126717401保定Baoding8510414188131323承德Chengde2242462214655燕郊Yanjiao72592216035954太原Taiyuan55001143361121760长治Changzhi4415683442939呼和浩特Hohhot53726757051包头Baotou777355810595962鄂尔多斯Eerduosi38223910545沈阳Shenyang33738755237104370大连Dalian123101220443193893鞍山Anshan24802897037871本溪Benxi116756336917锦州Jinzhou2144824522451营口Yingkou45611105123086阜新Fuxin18431012617068辽阳Liaoyang783491945059长春Changchun9345877164178224长春净月ChangchunJingyue818267719118772吉林Jilin30184381969813通化Tonghua786631211916延吉Yanji471205312469哈尔滨Harbin1235736516785990齐齐哈尔Qiqihaer261632220515大庆Daqing5354533104116715上海张江ShanghaiZhangjiang38000534536751062759上海紫竹Shanghai Zizhu16791388126829南京Nanjing97121319704305728无锡Wuxi317831099357262679江阴Jiangyin48022449683391徐州Xuzhou30471805661108常州Changzhou293541182360172515武进Wujin7150420164119071苏州Suzhou328311195434232579昆山Kunshan275177753641882771-3 续表1常熟Changshu413446512175863南通Nantong439143613497542连云港Lianyungang22901276047043淮安Huai an15551923623875盐城Yancheng43202397559701扬州Yangzhou259915410141058镇江Zhen Jiang911644717363216泰州Taizhou89623745159833宿迁Suqian14951524231850杭州Hangzhou358452015700324964萧山临江XiaoshanLinjiang75034268574836宁波Ningbo31862623321199230温州Wenzhou1716545518384208嘉兴Jiaxing16601366857142莫干山Moganshan38612498343918绍兴Shaoxing826529456126870衢州Quzhou253523415959781合肥Hefei217181294852242346芜湖Wuhu193329120097509蚌埠Bengbu280235415863952马鞍山慈湖Ma'anshan Cihu24391829338114铜陵狮子山Tonglingshizishan158803511546福州Fuzhou130022517070613厦门Xiamen36911088653212981莆田Putian7271782752370三明Samning7151303721674泉州Quanzhou290826314281471漳州Zhangzhou30364156599155龙岩Longyan17401803234416南昌Nanchang7828466202134609景德镇Jingdezhen13282223869714新余Xinyu34002374763434鹰潭Yingtan25671203926527赣州Ganzhou4211312818095吉安Ji'an3051373139694抚州Fuzhou31511974740207济南Jinan30994933503283586青岛Qingdao7621415343139269淄博Zibo8944458130114014枣庄Zaozhuang27021458324701-3 续表2黄河三角Huanghe Delta263285017洲烟台Yantai76253069260777潍坊Weifang14291584196159543济宁Jining1147857793176795泰安Tai'an42853195652460威海Weihai12828297128122594莱芜Laiwu35461422514422临沂Linyi48103694051244德州Dezhou3861661723659郑州Zhengzhou371211445803231093洛阳Luoyang4475812274175557平顶山Pingdingshan1412881815907安阳Anyang27653192566276新乡Xinxiang21302373964886焦作Jiaozuo16581121342291南阳Nanyang20081782345529武汉Wuhan5713730521766554692宜昌Yichang7290277219111796襄阳Xiangyang11342826227176338荆门Jingmen9011493187113255孝感Xiaogan368146415382841黄冈Huanggang458119918433665咸宁Xianning790841118866257随州Suizhou27392828752839仙桃Xiantao15013267084042长沙Changsha201101340795364189株洲Zhuzhou8280327168157469湘潭Xiangtan27023598284157衡阳Hengyang57731645854654常德Changde7172593635430益阳Yiyang5563367444923郴州Chenzhou1099582917668广州Guangzhou1712438272877541788深圳Shenzhen1178520911520486875珠海Zhuhai6492904671235475汕头Shantou1684040920571265佛山Foshan617813251009296429江门Jiangmen289840222887339肇庆Zhaoqing170220110255080惠州Huizhou146774652732017221-3 续表3continued源城Yuancheng10081213848672清远Qingyuan17291757967931东莞Dongguan486257225089971中山Zhongshan11718575334144903南宁Nanning23378801365214349柳州Liuzhou5038330272108068桂林Guilin13764517155133257北海Beihai458753331534海口Haikou16312268542809重庆Chongqing391801209552221521璧山Bishan49822148862783成都Chengdu11479319141201384683自贡Zigong79811922733765攀枝花Panzhihua369931215015泸州Luzhou17873436350046德阳Deyang10641954031233绵阳Mianyang9280196103117531内江Neijiang521671312169乐山Leshan6381795049433贵阳Guiyang14909802370259977安顺Anshun2851092623142昆明Kunming1231931718271530玉溪Yuxi2785792722079西安Xi'an5203739731156450982宝鸡Baoji9135642115157973杨凌Yangling47442241929289咸阳Xianyang792862422341渭南Weinan1210881624406榆林Yulin275384420515安康Ankang16102201623808兰州Lanzhou6688575176149322白银Baiyin5521924560054青海Qinghai675974314450银川Yinchuan2876539930石嘴山Shizuishan5754913290乌鲁木齐Urumqi18556489164181335昌吉Changji7241763413021新疆兵团Xinjiang Corps6813111179661-3 续表4continued307057498931 5302579991107960160544725282023592516617548190910561833711668027111706842038490791308281761532309113599755580442884686160820342541216741768730506226279516837026111910962037109144618949502161224071414032693125687992528924942252299231138990786852443664335060318962832145072831580725769242344669043368123098962831001075811943782256466128505348658470003785916476986220955187729413815141731284595214238709191106171876994116951784279418104159422701668210925927891921519318219258028231108438915511889271642934457394653547420551638137679635339047616487221712612956598425337839596032283274182080729851407798131013975153207831492823422961664833611559022951-3 续表599541985959709292527622351485707474952437456630484190047571943478467539463644855365085199952097625755443075908625411140668811074808327046610259210435480006653312219461265818501183075073638005701955282444470404746284199634048905212316447530729459053555799409731422780781978297638212445967307736806317113419935513919091211686285911663431097951072743701159274240746272588951618842494002844651042475882116217684961733808392090374441804973309507849540099511990793008242329038403413094228523026824222287710002665492050605124751076123425463608873976062642633905508334515154027838439147592560592355146205940376953126111955526908493121086394921243169220573047829139283268796481-3 续表66850849149036493 350442640244948216 2466763262275459044908965050059862 153199493141081425188217492044448565312328657374333061226631142404 266104069158830121 176000586140594332308966532395324373464821577881098195399579595665433833183952204231513925259708081201245780558132210 13171934685327061 315271376299677110 144445899152700893 11196367011267494729051542357321528689140210704992360193365631294856457869665054691 551919529454982713 216488286186653856 1525833591280742126988754762201362350910523612796472284194688066292143306218806720 713183647416743873 727117274433313636 2395618571826679264668482232254510 419835648392766255823377608077078459681321598777312672635872645621121-3 续表7continued4780290246901958 5247820045590420 327997946308811952 156053590150426257 254207267162959223 231571865209170574 8751123484354205 7403300572113112 4515777737138287 346512298291718705 5071934451869181 592759499423483974 4277589543868729 2841658539202184 6610068052189660 5255968252757272 131659676161236806 1699625518640926 4733683047992676 311690056203504548 2024206619961319 207873592122480958 8136856683018842 1122967501812431306 204702742212417820 2370912415747751 4383360038063660 4026315542284584 3992350230163489 2778142126726742 19462391397169647 8405006559808387104576301506428698442399456031346384819462458013038665629268630370380973055821850115407267667307634784821186823470305928 321795588174242264 2025691611189189 253679050167265837 1954467211411989 5755975742999393 379780023284959107 7188432048003761 5683042429596609 175853902115764322 5925262640521681 20481186696298868 274966128146553826 642187583254125374463783693703 3242340720179112 4904516837138885 2162566814236288 14077629873594183 454457390281952593 177621432115802901 6924186428398637 2535126010065313 2399627612448893 3256475592164542662494074816613272 98046115517694393258909374160711120310136272049356266705011747368769437398111829170730509 18135942386094668 3352020618866172 281335913150571890 281109894194820819 323300127163205692 167635336881853071234063946780857115881326783726880 6856048022993421 2261031910258001 3512210317221582 5004008226947775 11512356071997569 10276969248454331 3377554015909340 7836168334323840512096558361481592563065610071530530144620652023969431 88959607298237466443487626034561 5471021028485494 8021632142299342 599526667273478136 223450853130874215 1253621527771016211044307064463602 101154745875697 8774152342001783297062939167731709 3991937514282347 2750308216525474 10249122849167544 6772769637575685 3743514321780299 252025539126306101 11450410075911147 14963444345443259 439612747319263 146743628193824 198734918267218 3941022417511771 584051912370116677 468957519317088565 17816463787571536 21235162135062911501880098356899292319348697381383819187242903617 230968217130281217 9906689160503946 18079079680377845 2190581711202600 3103616114437701 3788170021990842 390179671229682388 240424930147056448 4906138525865137 6016314930360810 5250619614987032 2227874810469524 43696461215970541458075808861047774208601119128723767 229457555128378149 12110825858729893 7595922541741344 3100248016420581 6370827928676734 4274045421234202 4970162024134761 946119147568203662 458274627262205886 13563781578710266 10956999966831527 2954266614507357 3936039920040376 27376791166675231076202418508465651 16888796061182600316419895801267351468 7159276132907284 334950672190013924 8452322838855974 5200104730494614 23417039912684355234413933225060667645917354607616 222739420156755819 16608675795830439 593089140366855126 183583507129516144 9574371051478951 2946478416677431 6881548233073536 383730742220242390 3773456921892265 944693760578273522 6239650840249671 2598881917614476 5459543735066849 2745140315985591 146829903102207828 74937193396971 661266812971801310472651265987808223201538418666339 306822794220516914 1474490983139882019447088531305004466187951680114394991 4571777729169067 3710425221215896 7483586737059491 10972004957902625 2237265910506232 370918525254080164 11159248070812514 203500787874398 32093215219696941966233511825509 724059354431074663 5244644122475348 7094287347052963。