北京西山不同林分枯落物层持水特性研究

第30卷 增刊22008年11月

北 京 林 业 大 学 学 报JOURNAL OF BEIJING FORES TRY UNIVERSITY

Vol.30,Supp.2Nov.,2008

收稿日期:2008

--05--18http:P P ,http:P P journal.bj

基金项目:北京市科委重大项目(D0706001000091)、/十一五0国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A02)。

第一作者:樊登星。主要研究方向:林业生态工程、水土保持。Email:s tars101@ 地址:100083北京林业大学水土保持学院。责任作者:余新晓,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:水土保持、生态学、生态水文。电话:010

--62338846 Email :yuxi nxi ao@ 地址:同上。

北京西山不同林分枯落物层持水特性研究

樊登星1

余新晓1

岳永杰1

朱建刚1

王雄宾1

刘 彦1

李金海2

武 军

2

(1水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京林业大学水土保持学院 2北京市园林绿化局防沙治沙办公室)

摘要:该文对北京西山4种不同林分林下枯落物层的储量、持水量、持水率和吸水速率进行了研究。结果表明:¹元宝枫枯落物储量最大(14107t P hm 2),其次为栓皮栎(11180t P hm 2)、油松(10166t P hm 2),侧柏储量最小(6190t P hm 2)。º枯落物持水量的排序为元宝枫>栓皮栎>油松>侧柏;各林分枯落物最大持水量为元宝枫3177mm 、栓皮栎3103mm 、油松2120mm 、侧柏1127mm 。»枯落物最大持水率在184174%~267157%之间,排序为元宝枫>栓皮栎>油松>侧柏,其中元宝枫的持水能力最强而侧柏的持水能力最弱。¼4种林分不同层次枯落物持水量随着浸水时间的增加按照对数方程W =a ln t +b 增加。½各林分不同层次枯落物吸水速率与浸水时间之间的关系式为S =a +bt -1;在0~2h 内吸水速率较快,在8h 左右吸水速率明显减缓。关键词:枯落物;持水量;持水率;吸水速率

中图分类号:S71517 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000

--1522(2008)增刊2--0177--05FAN Deng -xing 1;YU Xin -xiao 1;YUE Yong -jie 1;ZH U Jian -gang 1;W ANG Xiong -bin 1;LIU Yan 1

;LI Jin -hai 2

;WU Jun 2

.Water holding characteristics of litter layer of different forest stands in Xishan Mountain in Beijing .Journal o f Beijing Forestry University (2008)30(Supp.2)177

--181[Ch,10ref.]1Key Laboratory of Soil and Wa ter Conservation &Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,P.R.China;

2Prevention and Control Sand Office,Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Forestry,100029,P.R.China.

Characteristics of litter layer of four different forest stands in Xishan Mountain in Beijing were studied,such as storage,water holding capacity,proportion of water holding capacity,and water absorption rates.Results sho w that the litter stora ge of Acer truncatum was the largest (14107t P hm 2

),followed by Quercus variabilis (11180t P hm 2

),Pinus tabulae formis (10166t P hm 2

),and Platycladus orientalis (6190t P hm 2

).The order of total water holding capacity of litter was A .truncatum (3.77mm)>Q .variabilis (3103mm)>P .tabulae formis (2120m m )>P .orientalis (1.27mm);the ma ximum proportion of water holding capacity ranged from 184174%to 267157%,and the order was A .truncatum >Q .variabilis >P .tabulae formis >P .orientalis .It means that the litter of A .truncatum has the ma ximum water holding ability,and P .orientalis the least.Water holding capacity of four undec omposed litters and hal-f decomposed litters increased logarithmically over time im mersed in water,as the equation w =a ln t +b .The relation formula of the water absorption rates and im mersion time was S =a +bt -1

.The wa ter absorption rate was faster within the first two

hours,slo wing down obviously around eight hours.

Key words litter;water -holding capacity;proportion of water holding capacity;water absorption rate 森林枯落物层是森林生态系统的重要组成部分,是森林水文效应的第二个层次,它通过对地表的

覆盖,防止雨滴击溅对地表的破坏,具有很强的持水能力,而且增加了地表的粗糙度和径流阻力,减缓了