上海高级口译考试笔试阶段真题.pdf

2003.9上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 MINUTES)Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Good morning, class! As you remember, last week we talked about the ________ (1). Today we're going to start talking about how radio advertisers ________ (2) to get us to buy the products they're selling. There are so many emotions that advertisements ________ (3). To affect a particular emotion, advertisers make what we call an emotional appeal. Today I'm going to ________ (4) that are often used to influence us to buy. I think you'll find it interesting because I've brought with me some ________ (5) to play for you as examples. OK, let's get started.One of the most popular emotional appeals that advertisers use is ________ (6). We all like to hear funny stories, so by ________ (7), the advertisers hope that that we'll remember it and will, therefore, remember the product. But ________ (8) is the importance of fitting the fight emotional appeal with ________ (9). In the case of humor, it wouldn't be appropriate to make a funny ad for a serious product. Like, say, a law firm that ________ (10). You wouldn't want to use humor to advertise that.Now let's talk about another appeal—the ________ (11). By thriftiness I'm talking about ________ (12). Most shoppers are more likely to buy something if it's on she than if ________ (13). Here is an advertisement for a furniture store that's ________ (14). Notice how the advertisement gets the listener to ________ (15). In fact the ad talks only about prices and not about ________ (16) or what the store specializes in.The last kind of ad is the advertisement that ________ (17). Our egos make us do things to look good in front of others. For example, we might ________ (18) to look rich, or we might join a health club ________ (19), all because we want to look good. This desire is so strong that advertisers often create ads that speak to our egos. They focus on this question: How does this product ________ (20)?Part B: Listening ComprehensionDirections: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write' the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) Because it carries only good news.(B) Because it is a mainstream newspaper.© Because it represents objective journalism.(D) Because it-tells both sides of a story.2. (A) He's writing for the Community News.(B) He's planning to publish a new newspaper.© He's bored with the bad news he reads all the time.(D) He's come up with an alternative to mainstream newspapers.3. (A) It doesn't report all facts.(B) It contains too much tabloid journalism.© It focuses on truly objective reporting.(D) It goes for the most sensational news.4. (A) Because there is the daily increase of crime incidence.(B) Because there is a tendency to go for sensational news.© Because there is the widespread tendency to favor objective reporting.(D) Because there is a superficial element in the positive stories.5. (A) By covering only certain types of event such as a fire.(B) By making good news out of scandals and murder.© By not telling the positive side of things.(D) By giving people only useful information.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) There will be seven nations added to the military alliance.(B) The expansion has failed to be approved by the US Senate.© The US House of Representatives will vote on the protocol soon.(D) Canada and Norway have already ratified the expansion.7. (A) Japan's staunch diplomatic support for the US in the war in Iraq.(B) A scheduled meeting between the top leaders of Japan and the US.© A proposed solution to the North Korea issue,(D) Japan's participation in the reconstruction of Iraq.8. (A) A Palestinian man was shot dead by Israeli soldiers.(B) A woman was killed when harvesting crops with her daughter.© A new security zone was set up to protect a Jewish Settlement.(D) A big fire broke out ahead of a US push for Mideast peace.9. (A) Inquiry into the landing of the Russian Soyuz craft was under way.(B) Russians were involved in investigating the causes of the Columbia shuttle crash. © There might be great difficulties in the inquiry work.(D) No US experts had been invited to take part in the inquiry.10. (A) 11. (B) 27.© 30. (D) 31.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) American. (B) British.© Russian. (D) German.12. (A) Engineering. (B) Astrology.© Chemistry. (D) Physics.13. (A) A technologist. (B) An engineer.© A university professor. (D) A laborotrary assistant.14. (A) Swimming. (B) Cycling.© Running. (D) Weight-lifting.15. (A) 30,000. (B) 13,000.© 3,000. (D) l,300.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) 1902. (B) 1938.© 1982. (D) 1985.17. (A) It is impolite for the host to offer food first.(B) The host does not offer again if the guest refuses food.© It is polite for guests to refuse even if they want more.(D) The host usually does not offer food to guests.18. (A)You don't pour your neighbor a glass if you are a woman.(B) You think twice about which hand to use if you pour the wine.© You should pour the wine with your fight hand.(D) You can fill everyone else's glasses, but not your own.19. (A) To keep one hand in your lap with the right hand holding the fork.(B) To put both elbows on the table, holding the knife and fork in hands..© To rest your wrists on the edge of the table.(D) It's not mentioned in the talk.20. (A) To position your knife and fork close together on the side of the plate or diagonally.(B) To cross your knife and fork on the plate with the fork facing UP underneath.© To cross your knife and fork on the plate with the fork facing down underneath.(D) To put your knife and fork down on opposite sides of the plate.SECTION 2: READING TEST (30 minutes)Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), © or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5Here's a tag you don't see much, but should: "Made in Outer Space." Thanks to the commercial minds inside NASA, many of Earth's consumer goods have distant origins in the U.S. space program. There's Zen perfume from Shiseido, derived from a 1998 shuttle experiment that found that a rose's scent changes outside' the atmosphere. There are shock-resistant shoes - made by Modellista—that use a special foam of NASA origin. And Berlei's Shock Absorber sports bra claimed (accurately) in an ad featuring tennis bombshell Anna Kournikova that it was made with NASA technology.All good fun. But in the aftermath of the Columbia disaster, the value of commercial research on missions has come into question. STS-107 - the final flight of the Columbia - had 80 experiments on board, including five that were conducted by the astronauts for private companies, funded almost entirely by NASA. One was for International Flavors & Fragrances (IFF), which extracted the smell of a rose in space and was back seeking new scents. The other commercial experiments involved studies of ways to fight fire using fine Water mist, grow proteins with greater resilience to disease, manufacture crystals for such uses as hydrogen fuel storage and advance cancer-cell research. Is all this worth pursuing in space? The Bush administration doesn't think so: even before the Columbia went down, it had announced unspecified cuts in NASA's product-development program, even as it raised the agency's overall budget to $15.5 billion. The 2004 proposal deemed the commercial programpurely "promotional."NASA cites the societal benefits of commercial spinoffs when justifying the cost of manned space flight, now about $550 million per shuttle mission. The idea of searching for profit in space originally came from Congress, which created a program to trarrsfer NASA technology to the private sector back in 1962. That evolved into NASA's Space Product Development Program, which now works with more than 160 companies, including the likes of Ford and Hewlett-Packard. Since 1976 NASA has heralded more than 1,300 examples of "successfully commercialized technology" in an' annual magazine called Spinoff. Space enthusiasts claim spinoffs earn a six fold return on the cost of shuttle flights, a claim even a NASA spokesperson says he could not confirm.The truth is that the economic boost from spinoffs is untraceable. The Berlei bra, for instance, uses a DuPont material called CoolMax, which was derived from a fabric developed to improve thermal clothing by Outlast Technologies in collaboration with NASA's Johnson Space Center. The proportion of Berlei bra sales accurately described as a NASA "spinoff" is anyone's guess, but critics say returns can't even come close to covering the cost of a shuttle flight.It is easy enough to spoof manned missions that explore space perfume or the insulation used in race cars on the NASCAR circuit. It's harder to dismiss space-based innovations like the MicroMed DeBakey VAD heart pump, or the Lifesaving Light, a novel treatment for brain tumors. Lance Bush, NASA's International Space Station commercial development manager, says this "isn't about NASA" or promoting its missions - the point is simply to make its resources "available to the broadest part of the public." Industry now pays $50 million of the $5 billion annual cost of the manned program. Let the private sector "worry about the profits," he says.The problem is that companies don't worry about profits either, if NASA foots nearly all the costs. IFF declines to discuss its costs for the space rose experiments. Micro-Cool general manager Mike Lemche says its share of the costs to study firefighting mist on the Columbia was "too little to count." And this is a $2 million company that isn't even in the firefighting business yet. Lemche admits the lure of entering the billion-dollar fire-prevention industry through NASA-funded research was too good to pass up. Who wouldn't take a free ride in space? The question for NASA is whether these space ventures make sense if they don't make money. The answer is probably not, when there are lives at risk.1. The author invented the tag "Made in Outer Space" ironically so as ________.(A) to introduce the theme of the article(B) to explain the value of commercial research in NASA's practice© to criticize NASA's product development program(D) to display the achievements of NASA's commercial development2. According to the passage, after the Columbia disaster, NASA's product-development program ________.(A) has been given new momentum(B) has been under heavy fire© has been producing more societal benefits(D) has been put aside3. When the author mentions 80 experiments on board the final flight of the Columbia, he implies that ________.(A) commercial experiments are most successful on space missions(B) the resources of space missions should be made available to the public© these experiments are of great significance to technological progress(D) the value of such experiments can not be compared with that of the astronauts' lives4. It can be concluded that the tone of the passage is ________.(A) complimentary (B) encouraging© critical (D) pessimistic5. Which of the following can NOT be true according to the passage?(A) Opinions differ over the returns on the cost of shuttle flights.(B) Economic promotion from space-based innovations is not confirmed.© Neither NASA nor companies worry about profits from shuttle experiments.(D) The experiments on space missions were largely funded by companies.Questions 6-10David Blunkett, the Home Secretary,, has been accused of confusing the public over crime by scrapping police league tables in favour of a series of complicated "spidergrams" measuring performance. The indicators are intended to provide a clearer picture of the achievements of chief constables by grouping and comparing police forces of similar size and population. But the new approach was immediately denounced for being selective in its use of performance indicators and for further clouding the debate on crime. Simon Hughes, the Liberal Democrat home affairs spokesman, said the system had been "built by bureaucrats, for bureaucrats". He said: "They don't do much for the public's understanding of policing." Oliver Letwin, the shadow Home Secretary, described the approach as confusing. He said: "This will not aid the fight against crime, it will merely multiply bureaucracy." The Police Federation said the five key policing areas in the spidergrams gave an incomplete picture. Jan Berry, who chairs the federation, said: "There is a whole range of activity that has not been measured but which will impact on operational policing."Other than the Home Office, the only group of people that appeared happy with the new arrangements were the 43 chief constables of England and Wales, who had previously been concerned at the proposals to analyse their performance. Mr. Blunkett created anxiety among senior officers when, shortly after he became Home Secretary, he announced at a police summit in July 2001 that he was setting up a standards unit to identify failing forces and sweep away arcane practices.But the Association of Chief Police Officers (Acpo) appeared relaxed yesterday when John Denham, the minister responsible for crime reduction, unveiled the new Policing Performance Assessment Framework, as drawn up by the Home Office's policing standards unit. Backing the performance monitors, Denis O'Connor, Acpo's vice-president, said they were "yet another method of keeping the public more informed on matters of local force performance." The crystal-shaped spider grams are designed to give citizens a visible indicator of how well the police force in their area is performing. In almost all cases, they showed that forces in "similar" areas did have similar records.Chief constables had disapproved of the use of league tables. They complained that they provoked unfair criticism because they did not compare like with like. Mr. Denham said the graphs were easier to comprehend than tables. "As people get familiar "with this type of graphical presentation they will realise it contains a lot of data that can be understood afteran initial glance." The spidergrams are based on five indicators: reducing crime, investigating crime, public safety, deployment of resources and the view of a focus group of local citizens. West Yorkshire had the highest rate of burglaries with 39 per 1,000 households and the Metropolitan Police had the worst clear-up rate at 12 per cent of offences. The Met and the City of London Police both had low levels of public safety with 32 per cent of residents concerned over disorder and Gwent police had the poorest use of resources - 15.6 days lost per officer each year. Cleveland had the worst public rating. Only 39 per cent of the region's citizens thought their force was doing a good job.The Welsh forces in Dyfed-Powys and Gwent both had impressively shaped spidergrams thanks to comparatively good records on reducing and investigating crime. The force with the most damning graph was Avon and Somerset, which was once regarded as a metropolitan force but had been grouped under the new scheme with areas including Northampton shire and West Mercia which have much lower crime levels. Avon and Somerset, which includes Bristol, pointed out that the graph reflected the fact that the force had suffered from a wave of street crime that had subsequently been greatly reduced.6. Which of the following can serve as the best title of the passage?(A) Home Secretary defends his "standard" police spidergrams(B) Blunkett's police spidergrams leave web of confusion© The five key policing areas compose the spidergrams(D) The policing standards unit proposes spidergrams for measuring performances7. Which of the following in NOT true about the police spidergrams according to the passage?(A) It is a graphical presentation of police performance.(B) It is to replace the original police league tables.© It is to display performance of different police forces in the UK.(D) It is based on the five areas of policing performance.8. All of the following are against the proposal of police spidergrams EXCEPT ________.(A) the Liberal Democrat Party(B) the Home Secretary of the shadow cabinet© the Police Federation(D) the Association of Chief Police Officers9. The author introduces the performance of some local police forces at the end of the passage ________.(A) to demonstrate the differences in performance which can be shown with the spidergrams(B) to show why the five performance indicators have been chosen© to reveal differences in function between league tables and spidergrams(D) to illustrate the wider differences between local forces and their possible causes10. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?(A) topic introduction—listing of opposing views—illustration(B) narration—background introduction—illustration© introduction—definition—conclusion(D) description—exemplification—conclusionQuestions 11-15Who is Daredevil? As a kid he was blinded by biomedical waste. He later discovered that his other senses were heightened and began developing them into superhuman abilities. He's。