高中英语树形结构图
英语句子结构树状图
英语句子结构树状图英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）和状语（adverbial）.英语句子成分中，有些具有形态标志.如第一人称代词作主语就用主格“I”，作宾语用宾格“me”，作定语用所有格“my”.这些形态变化对分析辨认成分汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多，实际上有不少差别.例如：（1） Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.小李回家后，立刻就睡觉了.（2） I'll go when I have had my dinner.我吃了饭就去.在英语中，同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略，必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来.而在汉语中，同一个主语在句中第二次出现时，就可以省略.如例（1）中，汉语说“小李回家后立刻就睡觉了”，省去了第二个分句的主语，倒可以避免造成误解.若将第二次出现的主语补出来，说成“小李回家后，他立刻就睡觉了”.听的人反而可能把那个“他”误会成另一个人.英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：S+V （主+谓）基本句型二：S+V+P （主+谓+表）基本句型三：S+V+O （主+谓+宾）基本句型四：S+V+o+O （主+谓+间宾+直宾）基本句型五：S+V+O+C （主+谓+宾+宾补） 4 追问：那主系表结构呢回答：是主系表结构中的副词啊.\x0d一.何谓主系表结构：所谓主系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语.\x0dLi Lei is a Chineseboy.( Li Lei 是名词，作主语.)\x0dHe is from England.( He 是代词，作主语.)\x0dFeeding the birds is my hobby.(“ Feeding the birds ”是动名词短语，作主语.)\x0dWhat she said is right.(“ What she said ”是从句，作主语.)\x0d2.系动词（ Link verb ）：系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语.简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词.目前学到的系动词有 be ,feel ,look ,sound ,taste ,smell 等.例如：\x0dThis flower is beautiful.\x0dI felt very tired.\x0dYou look worried.\x0dIt tastes delicious.\x0d3.表语（ Predicative ）：表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征或状态的.它又叫作主语补足语.表语位于系动词之后，主要由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、分词（短语）或动名词（短语）等来充当.例如：\x0dI am fine .( fine 是形容词，作表语)\x0dHe is a boy .( boy 是名词，作表语)\x0dFive plus two isseven .( seven 是数词，作表语)\x0d是主系表结构中的副词啊.。
树图(tree diagram)
用头脑风暴法产生所有可能的答案。或者可由之前做过的亲和图或关联图得出。将所有想法在 第一个任务下面列成一行（垂直树）或右侧（水平树），用箭头表示出不同尺寸之间的关系。
3进行“必要性”和“充分性”检验。该层次中全部项目对于上一层项目都是必要的吗？如果这层的 项目都达成了，对于上一层次项目的支持充足吗？
2001年马尔科姆·鲍德里奇奖的获得者—— 珀尔河校区，运用树图来演示他们是如何将地区目标转化成子目标和独立的工作的。他们把这 种关联法称为“黄金思路”。
该学区有三个基本目标。第一，提高学术水平，其中一部分已在图表5.183中给出。学区领导者拟 定了两个战略性目标，一旦完成便可以提高学区的学术水平。它们分别是学术成果和学院的认 知度。
树图是一种常用的工具类型，它有着广泛的应用范围，表5.19列出了一些树图演变方法的名称以及途。表5.19树图演变法
名称 分解树
应用 在人口调查中，将人口样本分解为人口统计信息
关键质量特性树 决策树或逻辑图
树干图 故障树分析 装配( gozmto图) 方法－方法图 工作或任务分析
组织图 过程决策程序图
4将产生的新想法作为下一层的新主题：目标或问题陈述。通过重新提问展开所有新主题，以得 到下一层的具体内容，用箭头表示它们与上一层项目的关系，并进行“必要性”和“充分性”检验。
5继续将新的想法作为主题来陈述并提出相关问题，一直到得到基本元素：可以被执行、不可再 分的具体行动方案或根本原因。
6对整张图进行“必要性”和“充分性”检验。这些项目对目标任务都是必要的吗？如果所有这些项 目都达成或实现了，对于目标任务的支持充足吗？ 示倒
树图(tree diagram)
又名：系统图(systematic diagram)，树型分析(tree analysis)，分析树(analytical tree)，层次图(hierarchy diagram) 概述
(完整word版)英语语言学树型图详细讲解
树形图详细讲解1. Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences.a) The old lady suddenly left.Det A N Qual Vb) The car stopped at the end of the road.Det N V P Det N P Det Nc) The snow might have blocked the road.Det N Aux Aux V Det Nd) He never appears quite mature.N Qual V Deg A2. The following phrases include a head, a complement, and a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree structure for each.a) full of peopleAPA P Nfull of peopleb) a story about a sentimental girlNPNP PPDet N P NPDet A Na story about a sentimental girlc) often read detective storiesVPQual V NPA Noften read detective storiesd) the argument against the proposalsNPNP PPDet N P NPDet Nthe argument against the proposalse) move towards the windowVPV PPP Det Nmove towards the window3. Draw phrase structure trees for each of the following sentences.a) The jet landed.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet N Pst VThe jet landedb) Mary became very ill.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pst V APDeg AMary became very illc) What will you talk about?CPNP C SN Infl NP Infl VPVP NPV P NSNP VPDet N Aux V NPDet NThe apple might hit the manORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet N V NPDet NThe apple might hit the mane) He often reads detective stories.SNP VPN Qual V NPA NHe often reads etective storiesORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPPresN Qual V NPA NHe often reads etective stories4. The following sentences contain modifiers of various types. For each sentence, first identify the modifier(s), then draw the tree structures.a) A frightened passenger landed the crippled airplane.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V NPDet A NA frightened passenger landed the crippled airplaneb) A huge moon hung in the black sky.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PPP NPDet A NA huge moon hung in the black skyc) An unusual event occurred before the meeting.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PPP NPDet NAn unusual event occurred before the meetingd) A quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A NP Pst V PPA N P NPDet A NA quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill5. The following sentences all contain conjoined categories. Draw a tree structure for each of the sentences.a) Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants.InflP(=S)NP VPN Aux V NPDet A NPN CON N Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsORInflP(=S)NP VPN Infl V NPDet A NPN CON NJim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsb) Helen put on her clothes and went out.SNP VPN VP CON VPVP NP V AdvV P Det NHelen put on her clothes and went outORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pst VP CON VPVP NP V AdvV P Det NHelen put on her clothes and went outc) Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics.SNP VPN VP CON VPVP NP VP NPV A P N V A P NMary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics ORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pres VP CON VPVP NP VP NPV A P N V A P N Mary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statisticsd) The detective went out and the mysterious man came in.SS CON SNP VP NP VPDet N V Adv Det A N V AdvThe detective went out and the mysterious man came ine) Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will melt.SNP VPCPN V C SS CON SNP VP NP VPN Aux V Det N Aux V Crusoe knows that spring will come and the snow will melt6. The following sentences all contain embedded clauses that function as complements of a verb, an adjective, a preposition or a noun. Draw a tree structure for each sentence.a) You know that I hate war.SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPN V NPNYou know that I hate warOR CPC InflP(=S)NP Infl VPCPN Pres V C SNP VPN V NPNYou know that I hate warb) He said that Tom asked whether the class was over.SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPDet N VL A He said that Tom asked whether the class was overc) Gerry can’t believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam.SNP VPN VP NPCPAux Neg V NP C SDet N NP VPN V NPDet A N Gerry can not believe the fact thatAnna flunked the English examd) Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce.SNP VPCPN VL A C SNP VPDet N V NP NPN Det NChris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Roycee) The children argued over whether bats had wings.SNP VPCPDet N VP C SV P NP VPN V NPNThe children argued over whether bats had wings7. Each of the following sentences contains a relative clause. Draw the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of the sentences.a) The essay that he wrote was too long.Deep structureCPC SNP VP Det N CP V APC S Deg PNP Infl VPN V NPNThe essay he wrote that was too longSurface StructureCPC SNP VP Det N CP V APC S Deg PNP NP Infl VPN N Pst V NPNThe was too longb) The dog that he keeps bites.Deep structureCPC SNP VP Det N CP VC Infl SPres NP VPN V NPNThe dog he keeps that bitesSurface StructureCPC SNP VP Det N CP VC SNP NP Infl VPN N Pres V NPNThe dog bitesc) Herbert found the man she loved.Deep structureCPC SNP VPN Infl V NPCPDet N C SNP Infl VPNPN VNHerbert found the man she loved whoSurface StructureCPC SNP VPN Infl V NPCPDet N SCNP Infl VPNP NPN VN N Herbert found thed) The girl whom he often quarrels with majors in linguistics.Deep structureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V PPP NPC Infl SNNP VPPPN Qual VP NPV P NThe girl he often quarrels with whom majors in linguisticsSurface StructureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V PPP NPC SNNP NP Infl VPPPN N Qual VP NPV P NThe girl majors in linguistics8. The derivations of the following sentences involve the inversion transformation. Give the deep structure and the surface structure trees for each of these sentences.a) Would you come tomorrow?Deep structureCPC SVPNP AdvPN Infl V Advyou would come tomorrowSurface structureCPC SVPNP AdvPInflN Infl V Advcome tomorrowb) Can you pass me the newspaper?Deep structureCPC SVPNP NP NPN Infl V N Det Nyou can pass me the newspaperSurface structureCPC SVPInfl NP NP NPN Infl V N Det Npass me the newspaperc) Should the students report the incident?Deep structureCPC SVPNP NPDet N Infl V Det Nthe students should report the incidentSurface structureCPC SVPInfl NP NPDet N Infl V Det Nreport the incidentd) What did you eat for lunch?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Nyou did eat what for lunchSurface structureCPNP C SVPInfl NP PPNP NP N N Infl V PN Nfor lunche) Who should this be reported to ?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPVP NPN Infl V V PNthis should be reported to whomSurface structureCPNP C SVPN Infl NP PPVP NPN Infl V V PNf) What was Helen bringing to the party?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Det NHelen was bringing what to the partySurface structureCPNP C SVPN Infl NP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Det Nto the party21。
第十二部分高级树结构教学课件
北京大学信息学院
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Page 23
PATRICIA 结构图改进
观察PATRICIA的图发现有与Trie图类似的情况 在区分2和5、41和45的时候，在第三个二进制
位的比较是不能区别它们的 可以将它省略，得到一棵更为简洁的树
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Page 24
除此之外，每个外部结点代表其值处于原来二叉搜索 树的两个相邻结点的关键码值之间的可能关键码的集 合
北京大学信息学院
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Page 31
路径长度
外部路径长度E定义为从扩充的 二叉树的根到每个外部结点的路 径长度之和。
内部路径长度I定义为扩充的二 叉树里从根到每个内部结点的路 径长度之和
Page 13
字符树的改进
由于单词可能不等长 ，所以更好的存储是其内部结点 不存储单词信息，只有叶结点才存储单词信息
北京大学信息学院
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个单词，它们的父结 点都只有一个儿子就是它们自己，也就是说， 实际上它们在父结点的时候就已经被区分开了
然后下一步的检索在前次比较相等的那棵树上进行其 中，用待查关键码的第二个字符与选定的这棵树的根 的各个子结点进行比较，
接着再沿着前次比较相等的分支进行进一步的检索
... 直到进行到某一层，该层所有结点的字符都与待查关
键码相应位置的字符不同，这说明此关键码在树目录 里没有出现； 若检索一直进行到树叶，那么就在树目录里找到了给 定的关键码
因为我们真正想做的是要检索每一个单词，不 需要在已经能够区分每个单词的情况下继续进 行分裂结点的动作
北京大学信息学院
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英语语言学树型图详细讲解
树形图详细讲解1.Indicat.th.categor.o.eac.wor.i.th.followin.sentences.a) The old lady suddenly left.Det A N Qual Vb) The car stopped at the end of the road.Det N V P Det N P Det Nc) The snow might have blocked the road.Det N Aux Aux V Det Nd) He never appears quite mature.N Qual V Deg A2.Th.followin.phrase.includ..head..plement.an..specifier.Dra.th.appropriat.tre. structur.fo.each.a) full of peopleAPA P Nfull of peopleb) a story about a sentimental girlNPNP PPDet N P NPDet A Na story about a sentimental girlc) often read detective storiesVPQual V NPA Noften read detective storiesd) the argument against the proposalsNPNP PPDet N P NPDet Nthe argument against the proposalse) move towards the windowVPV PPP Det Nmove towards the window3.Dra.phras.structur.tree.fo.eac.o.th.followin.sentences.a) The jet landed.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet N Pst VThe jet landedb) Mary became very ill.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pst V APDeg AMary became very illc) What will you talk about?CPNP C SN Infl NP Infl VPVP NPV P NWhat will you e talk about eSNP VPDet N Aux V NPDet NThe apple might hit the manORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet N V NPDet NThe apple might hit the mane) He often reads detective stories.SNP VPN Qual V NPA NHe often reads etective storiesORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPPresN Qual V NPA NHe often reads etective stories4.Th.followin.sentence.contai.modifier.o.variou.types.Fo.eac.sentence.firs.iden tif.th.modifier(s).the.dra.th.tre.structures.a) A frightened passenger landed the crippled airplane.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V NPDet A NA frightened passenger landed the crippled airplaneb) A huge moon hung in the black sky.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PPP NPDet A NA huge moon hung in the black skyc) An unusual event occurred before the meeting.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A N Pst V PPP NPDet NAn unusual event occurred before the meetingd) A quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill.InflP(=S)NP Infl VPDet A NP Pst V PPA N P NPDet A NA quaint old house appeared on the grassy hill5.Th.followin.sentence.al.contai.conjoine.categories.Dra..tre.structur. fo.eac.o.th.sentences.a) Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants.InflP(=S)NP VPN Aux V NPDet A NPN CON NJim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsORInflP(=S)NP VPN Infl V NPDet A NPN CON NJim has washed the dirty shirts and pantsb) Helen put on her clothes and went out.SNP VPN VP CON VPVP NP V AdvV P Det NHelen put on her clothes and went outORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pst VP CON VPVP NP V AdvV P Det NHelen put on her clothes and went outc) Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics.SNP VPN VP CON VPVP NP VP NPV A P N V A P NMary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics ORInflP(=S)NP Infl VPN Pres VP CON VPVP NP VP NPV A P N V A P NMary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statisticsd) The detective went out and the mysterious man came in.SS CON SNP VP NP VPDet N V Adv Det A N V AdvThe detective went out and the mysterious man came ine) Crusoe knows that spring will e and the snow will melt.SNP VPCPN V C SS CON SNP VP NP VPN Aux V Det N Aux V Crusoe knows that spring will e and the snow will melt6.Th.followin.sentence.al.contai.embedde.clause.tha.functio.a.plement.o..verb.a .adjective..prepositio.o..noun.Dra..tre.structur.fo.eac.sentence.a) You know that I hate war.SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPN V NPNYou know that I hate warOR CPC InflP(=S)NP Infl VPCPN Pres V C SNP VPN V NP NYou know that I hate warb) He said that Tom asked whether the class was over.SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPCPN V C SNP VPDet N VL AHe said that Tom asked whether the class was overc) Gerry can’t believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam.SNP VPN VP NPCPAux Neg V NP C SDet N NP VPN V NPDet A NGerry can not believe the fact thatAnna flunked the English examd) Chris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce.SNP VPCPN VL A C SNP VPDet N V NP NPN Det NChris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Roycee) The children argued over whether bats had wings.SNP VPCPDet N VP C SV P NP VPN V NPNThe children argued over whether bats had wings7.Eac.o.th.followin.sentence.contain..relativ.clause.Dra.th.dee.structur.an.th.surfac.structur.tree.fo.eac.o.th.sentences.a) The essay that he wrote was too long.Deep structureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V AP C S Deg P NP Infl VPN V NPNThe essay he wrote that was too longSurface StructureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V AP C S Deg PNP NP Infl VPN N Pst V NPNThe essay that he wrote e was too longb) The dog that he keeps bites.Deep structureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V C Infl SPres NP VPN V NPNThe dog he keeps that bitesSurface StructureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V C SNP NP Infl VPN N Pres V NPNThe dog that he keeps e bitesc) Herbert found the man she loved.Deep structureCPC SNP VPN Infl V NPCPDet N C SNP Infl VPNPN VNHerbert found the man she loved whoSurface StructureCPC SNP VPN Infl V NPCPDet N SCNP Infl VPNP NPN VN NHerbert found the man (whom) she loved ed) The girl whom he often quarrels with majors in linguistics.Deep structureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V PPP NPC Infl SNNP VPPPN Qual VP NPV P NThe girl he often quarrels with whom majors in linguisticsSurface StructureCPC SNP VPDet N CP V PPP NPC SNNP NP Infl VPPPN N Qual VP NPV P NThe girl whom he often quarrels with e majors in linguistics8.Th.derivation.o.th.followin.sentence.involv.th.inversio.transformation.Giv.th .dee.structur.an.th.surfac.structur.tree.fo.eac.o.thes.sentences.a) Would you e tomorrow?Deep structureCPC SVPNP AdvPN Infl V Advyou would e tomorrowSurface structureCPC SVPNP AdvPInflN Infl V Advwould you e e tomorrowb) Can you pass me the newspaper?Deep structureCPC SVPNP NP NPN Infl V N Det Nyou can pass me the newspaperSurface structureCPC SVPInfl NP NP NPN Infl V N Det N Can you e pass me the newspaperc) Should the students report the incident?Deep structureCPC SVPNP NPDet N Infl V Det Nthe students should report the incidentSurface structureCPC SVPInfl NP NPDet N Infl V Det Nd) What did you eat for lunch?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Nyou did eat what for lunchSurface structureCPNP C SVPInfl NP PPNP NPN N Infl V PN Ne) Who should this be reported to ?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPVP NPN Infl V V PNthis should be reported to whomSurface structureCPNP C SVPN Infl NP PPVP NPN Infl V V PNwhom should this e be reported to ef) What was Helen bringing to the party?Deep structureCPC SVPNP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Det NHelen was bringing what to the partySurface structureCPNP C SVPN Infl NP PPNP NPN Infl V PN Det Nwhat was Helen e bringing e to the。
英语教学中wh问句树形结构图解析法
英语教学中wh问句树形结构图解析法
英语教学中的wh问句树形结构图解析法是一种近年来逐渐兴起
的英语教学方法，它充分利用了树形结构图的力量，将复杂的问题结构分解成若干个有层次的子问题，以便学生们更容易理解。
首先，这种方法能够帮助学生们更准确、更有条理地学习英语。
它能够把一个复杂的问题，比如一句英文句子，分解成若干子问题，这样学生们能够一层层地剖析每一个问题，而不会受到复杂性的困扰。
其次，它能够有效地帮助学生们学习更大型的语言文本，比如关于某一个话题的长文本。
它能够把一篇文章分解成一个个子问题，比如事实、原因、结果等等，从而使学生们更加清晰地看清文章的结构，从而更好地理解文章的内容。
此外，这种方法还可以有效地运用到实际教学中。
在课堂上，教师可以让学生们用树形结构图来分解复杂的句子，从而帮助他们更好地理解句子的内容。
此外，教师还可以使用树形结构图来帮助学生们分析长文本的结构，以便更好地理解文章的内容。
最后，这种方法也可以在写作教学中得到应用。
学生们可以先用树形结构图分解出文章的框架，从而有效地把握文章的主要思路，细化文章的想法，最终写出一篇高质量的文章。
综上所述，英语教学中的wh问句树形结构图解析法是一种新兴
的教学方法，它能够有效地帮助学生们理解英语，并且逐渐被运用到实际教学中，有着许多优点。
未来，它可能会得到更多的应用，并帮助更多的学生提高他们的英语水平。
谈高中英语阅读教学中几种常见的思维导图-精品文档
谈高中英语阅读教学中几种常见的思维导图高中英语；思维导图；阅读教学阅读是一系列的信息加工过程，其实质是一系列复杂的思维过程。
《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》指出，阅读教学要完成多元目标，即提高学生适应各类语体、文本的阅读能力，发展阅读过程中的信息提取、思维加工和问题求解能力，形成健全的情感态度和价值观，提升科学与人文素养等。
可见，高中英语阅读教学不仅要完成传授语言知识、发展语言能力的任务，还要重视并进行多层次、高层次的思维训练。
在阅读课教学中，教师积极帮助学生“勾画”思维导图，不但可以获得很好的篇章梳理效果，使学生在阅读的“读中”环节，强化对篇章结构的认识，降低阅读的难度，还可以在思维导图中实现“读后”从读到写和说的过渡，使整节课更加浑然一体。
一、思维导图的基本理论东尼?博赞在经过长期的研究和实践后发现，思维导图对学习者的记忆和学习产生的积极影响有：只记忆相关的词可以节省时间50%～95%；只阅读相关的词可节省时间90%；复习思维导图笔记课节省时间90%；集中精力于真正的问题；鼓励思想的不间断和无穷尽的流动。
二、思维导图在高中英语阅读教学中的应用在英语阅读教学中，教师利用思维导图可以让学生通过大脑风暴的形式进行发散式思维，同时还可以帮助学生将文章抽象零碎的信息分类整理成与主题密切相关的块状、条状等图形知识，从而有助于学生深入激活背景知识、把握语篇结构、抓住语篇的关键信息等。
通过思维导图不仅帮助学生提升语篇理解能力，还培养了他们的思维能力，真正实现阅读教学的高层次思维训练的目的。
下面笔者将结合实际教学，和大家分享个人对几种思维导图模式的理解。
（一）“实物图示”思维导图1.“鱼骨图”人教版Module 5 Unit 3 Reading“First Impression”，主要讲述主人公Li Qiang在时空旅行前、时空旅行中及时空旅行后的所见所想，让学生认识现在，展望未来，通过探索、发现和分享，创造美好未来。
第4章树形结构PPT课件
void AddRChild(bitree * &T, elemtyp x, elemtyp y) //在二叉树T中，将值为y的结
点作为值为x的结点的右孩子插入
void AddLChild(bitree * &T, elemtyp x, elemtyp y) //在二叉树T中，将值为y的结
点作为值为x的结点的左孩子插入
bitree *Parent(bitree *T , elemtyp x) //求二叉树T中值为x的结点的双亲
bitree* LeftChild(bitree * T, elemtyp x) //求二叉树T中值为x的结点的左孩子
bitree *RightChild(bitree * T, elemtyp x) //求二叉树T中值为x的结点的右孩子
空二叉树
仅有 根结点
右子树 为空
左子树 为空
二叉树的五种基本形态
左右子树 均非空
二叉树的定义
二叉树是n(n0)个结点的有限集合。它或为空 树(n=0),或由一个根结点和两棵分别称为根的左子 树和右子树的互不相交的二叉树组成。
特别要注意：二叉树不是树的特殊情况。
a
a
b
b
两棵不同的二叉数
二、几种特殊形式的二叉树
3
则二叉树中结点总数为：n=n0+n1+ n2
6
7
射出分支的总数：b= n1+2 n2 进入分支的总数为b,
12 13 14 15 b=n-1
n-1=n1+2 n2
n=n1+2 n2 +1
n0=8
n=n0+n1+ n2=n1+2 n2 +1