主语从句_表语从句_同位语从句)

同位语从句
同位语从句，即从句在句中作主语或宾语的同位语，是对 句子主语或宾语的解释、说明。通常由 that 引导，但随着 与其同位的名词的不同，也可由 whether, when, which, who, how, what, why等引出


能 接 同 位 语 从 句 的 名 词 有 : fact, idea, news, conclusion, order, problem, truth, possibility 等
exercises

Combine the sentences using “the fact that” Ann was late. That didn’t surprise me. Rosa didn’t come. That made me angry. I am a little tired. I feel fine except for that. Many people live in poverty. That must concern all of us. Lily didn’t pass the entrance examination. She was not admitted to the university due to that .
她想知道的是该买哪条裙子。
3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how 引导从句时，它 们本身有词义，既起连接从句的作用，又在从句中 充当状语成分，修饰谓语动词。 Eg. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 那里是鲁迅曾经居住的地方。 That is why he didn’t pass the exam.
事物并不总是如其表象。 He looks as though he‘s tired.
他好像累了。
5. 表语从句两大要素：
除that外的所有引导词都有自己的 意义。 除that, whether 外的所有引导词 都必须在从句中充当相应的成分。
主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句
Subject (主语) Object
名词性从句
(宾语)
Predicative （表语）
Clause (从句)
Appositive
(同位语)
同位语从句

We are very excited at the news that our Chinese athletes won many gold medals. The question , whether we need it , has not yet been considered. I have no idea when she will be back. I have no idea which dictionary is hers.
Eg. The trouble is that he has never done the work before.
麻烦在于他以前从未做过这样的工作。 The question is whether we should ask them for help. 问题在于我们是否应当向他们求助。
2. 连接代词: who, whom, whose, which, what等引导从句。 Eg. Guilin is not what it used to be. 桂林已不再是从前的样子。 What she wants to know is which dress she should buy.
这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。
形容词充当表语
⑥
When I went to your house, you were out.副词充当表语 当我到你家的时候，你不在家。
⑦
介词短语充当 No one was in the dorm, when she arrived. 表语
当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。
不定式充当表语





什么是表语？
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的， 表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词 i n g 、 从 句 来 充 当 ， 它 常 位 于 系 动 词 （be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell 等 词）之后。
那是他没有通过考试的原因。
4. 用because，as ，as if /as though 引导，如：
Eg. It looks as if it were going to rain.
看起来要下雨了。 It‘s just because he doesn’t know her. 这仅仅是因为他不认识她。 Things are not always as they seem to be.

同位语从句

We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way. The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research. A new idea occurred to him that it could be done in a very simple way. 同位语从句有时不是紧跟在有关的名词后面，而是被其他 的词隔开了.
The person stood in front of you just now is my 名词充当表语 headmaster. 刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。
②
代词充当表语 I didn’t know that it was you at that time.
当时我不知道那是你。
动词过去分词充当表语
Ⅲ.
Linking Verbs (连系动词)
除动词 be 以外，还有一些后面可接表 语的特殊连系动词，如： look, smell,
taste, sound, feel, fall, come, go （变成 … ） , become, grow（渐渐地变化）, turn(变成，一 般用于颜色), appear, seem, get, keep, remain, stay等。
我的问题是他是否离开了
注：if不能引导表语从句
3）wh-疑问句（who/where/how..）当表语从 句为疑问的语气时，用wh-疑问句来引导，要 注意从句语序为陈述语序。 1.My question is who left. 我想问的是谁离开了 2.That’s what he wants. 那是他想要的。 3.This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 4.That is why he didn’t come here. 这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因。



同位语从句和定语从句的区别

意义上：同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，后者对名词进 行修饰和限定 结构上： 前者连接词句子中不担任任何成分，后者由关系 词引导，关系词在从句中担任一定成分。 The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.(同位语从句，that 在句子中不担任成分） The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong.(定语从句，that在从句中担任宾语）
③
The door remained closed.
wenku.baidu.com门仍然关着。
④
动词- ing形式充 Mary’s daily job is cleaning the house. 当表语
玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。
⑤
The house is not only large but also beautiful.
⑧
My job is to teach you English.
我的工作是教你们英语。
⑨
The reason why he came late was that his clock 从句充当表语 didn’t work. 他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。
Ⅱ. Position (位置)
表语常位于系动词（be等词）之后，与主语共同构成主-系--表结构 (Subject-Predicative structure) 的句子。
引导表语从句的关联词 引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类： 1）that——不能省略 The trouble is that I have lost his address.
2)Whether 当表语从句为不确定的语气时用whether来引导。 My question is whether he left（or not）.

Ⅰ. Definition（定义）
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状
态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、 动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式 和从句等来充当。
表语
Mike is an excellent student.
主语
连系动词
表语
Eg. （例子）
①
使用虚拟语气的同位语从句

在一些表示“建议，命令，要求”等意义的名词后的同位 语从句中，谓语动词用“should +动词原形”should 可省 略。 This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.
Ⅴ. The Predicative Clause(表语从句)
由一个句子充当句子的表语, 这个充当表
语的句子就叫做表语从句。表语从句和主
语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释，是主
语的内容具体化。相当于一个名词。
可以充当表语从句引导词的有：
1.
从属连词: that, whether (是否)引导从句。
注：if不能引导表语从句。

1.Africa is a big continent.
2.The patient is out of danger. 3.The sun is up. 4.The egg smells good. 5.Her job is selling computers. 主语+系动词+表语

6.The baby seems to be asleep.

1.定义：充当表语的从句 2.位置：系动词后 3. 引导词：根据成分和意义确定，缺什么填什么；不缺填 that


4.语序：陈述句语序
The question is who the man is. 表语从句的构成：系动词+引导词+简单句