英语长难句阅读解析、句型提炼和句子翻译
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例英语长句分析和翻译实例是对英语长句的结构和翻译方法进行探讨和示范。
英语长句通常由多个从句和状语从句组成，其结构复杂、语法层次丰富。
以下是一些常见的英语长句结构和翻译实例：
1.主从复合句结构：
-原句结构：主句+从句
- 翻译实例：I will go to the movie theater tonight, if I finish my homework.（如果我完成作业，我今晚会去电影院）
2.并列句结构：
-原句结构：句子1，连词，句子2
- 翻译实例：He studied hard for the exam, but he still failed.（他为了考试努力学习，但仍然没通过）
3.倒装句结构：
-原句结构：完全倒装句型，谓语在主语前
- 翻译实例：Only when the rain stopped did we go outside.（只有等雨停下来我们才出去）
4.强调句结构：
- 原句结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分
- 翻译实例：It was Tom who broke the vase.（正是汤姆打碎了花瓶）
对于长句的翻译，可以采取以下方法：
-分割长句，将从句、状语从句分别翻译，再进行合并。
-对英语长句进行拆分，将其翻译为多个简洁且清晰的句子。
-确保翻译的流畅性和准确性，同时要注意语序的变化。
总之，对于英语长句的结构分析和翻译实例，重要的是理解其语法结构、使用正确的连词、灵活运用翻译策略，并保持翻译的准确和自然。
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文82. The point in that sleep cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept.【分析】本句为并列复合句。
句子主干为The point can affect and may have impact。
and 连接两个并列的谓语。
which 引导定语从句，修饰 point, at the point 是固定搭配，所以 which 前面加介词at。
than 后面是 how 引导的宾语从句。
【译文】在睡眠中的哪个阶段醒来将会影响到你之后的`感觉，甚至可能比睡眠时间长短对你产生的影响更大。
83. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben Jerry s.【分析】本句为并列复合句。
句子主干为the government has granted her permission and she has returned to job。
while 引导时间状语从句，意为当的时候。
【译文】在她等待结果的同时，美国政府同意她继续在本杰瑞公司工作，现在她已经重返工作岗位。
84. Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won t allow them to start unless they receives a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key.【分析】本句为复合句。
2023年高考英语中的长难句翻译解析及练习
2023年高考英语中的长难句翻译解析及练习一、高考英语真题中长难句翻译解析1. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.句意为：例如，一条污浊的小溪，在流经植物和微小生物栖息的岩石后，通常会变得清澈。
本句中for example为插入语，after flowing through plants and along rocks ... 为时间状语，其中包含一个由where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词rocks。
（新课标I卷）2. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.句意为：在第一部分中，我论述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，首先探讨了到底是什么样的力量使得许多人的数字生活越来越难以忍受，然后对数字极简主义生活准则进行详细讨论。
starting with … 为分词结构作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词forces。
（新课标I卷）3. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add backa small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.句意为：在这三十天结束时，你可以恢复少量精心挑选的，你认为将对你所珍视的东西大有裨益的线上活动。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(281-282)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.2.In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.二、长难句翻译解析1.The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.整句话最核心的内部逻辑就是句子中间的并列逻辑“and then 然后”，用于表示前后连续的动作顺序。
“and then”之后的内容是非谓语动词“to teach”，所以必然与前面部分中的某个to do 形成并列。
高中英语长难句的分析以及翻译
长难句分析句子翻译
1,把两个机器人同时发送到火星不同地区，而两个机器人可以观察到火星山两边的情况，这个想法真激动人心。
2,当Peter进来时，坐在桌边的女士向他爽朗笑了笑。
在Peter告诉她他在找什么房子后，她让Peter交了6磅买了一份大约有6个要出租房子的女房东的名单。
3,人们在做决定时的思维和打牌时的思维完全一样--- 做决定时，我们不仅仅要考虑到我们的想法，而且还要考虑到别人会如何想你的想法；还有你会如何考虑别人是会怎样想你的想法的。
4,我被告知这个机器有许多用处。
5, 研究表明，用人单位最希望他们雇员能够有与人交际的能力。
这种能力被92%的公司认为是最重要的。
6,最终尽管有些社会学的学生在找第一份工作时比学工科的同学要
困难些，但是一些刚刚大学毕业的社会学学生并不后悔他们专业选择。
7,不久他的家人特别是小查理都很清楚，他是不适合做医生的。
8,Birdie 整天在房子和花园忙活，所以晚上他总能把他的住所（巢穴）弄得很好。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译o
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译1. In other words , there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.结构：•In other words , there is [谓] a conventional story line [主] in the newsroom culture [状]•定语从句：that provides [谓] a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure [宾] for otherwise confusing news [状] .单词：conventional a.传统的常见的惯例的符合习俗的Story n.叙述新闻报道情况史话Line n.方针原则方法概况思路newsroom n.新闻编辑部Backbone n.主干支柱脊骨骨气Ready-made a.现成的做好的陈旧的平凡的Narrative n.故事叙事记叙Otherwise ad.否则除此之外以不同方式相反Confuse vt.使混乱迷惑混淆困惑复杂化词组：In other words 换句话说直译：换句话说，在新闻编辑部文化中有一个传统的新闻报道方针。
它提供了一个框架和一个现成的叙事结构，给复杂的新闻解析：•There be句型是全部倒装，真正的主语在后面•that引导定语从句修饰story line 并在句子中做主语译文：换句话说，在新闻编辑部文化中有一个传统的新闻报道方针。
这个方针给复杂的新闻提供了一个主干框架和一个现成的叙事结构重点：•Story n.叙述新闻报道情况史话•Line n.方针原则方法概况思路•There be句型是全部倒装，真正的主语在后面•that引导定语从句修饰story line 并在句子中做主语2. There exists a social culture disconnect between journalists and their readers , which helps explain why the “ standard templates ”of the newsroom seem alien to many readers .结构：•There [主] exists [谓] a social and culture disconnect [宾] between journalists and their readers ,•定语从句：which helps explain [谓]•宾语从句：why the “ standard templates ”of the newsroom seem [谓] alien to many readers [表] .单词：Disconnect vt.断开切断供应是分离Alien n.外星人外国人a.外国的陌生的vt.转让词组：Alien to 不相容的与...相反陌生的直译：在新闻记者和读者之间存在社会和文化上的脱节，这也有助于解释了为什么新闻编辑部的标准模式似乎对很多读者来说是不相容的。
新托福阅读长难句120句(分析+译文)
新托福阅读长难句120句（分析+译文）这份托福阅读长难句120句，是已经流传甚久的经典托福复习资料，对每个难句的结构都进行了解析，并给出了翻译。
1. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface，the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space. (定语后置in some ways…)由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。
分句1：Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures分句2：hundreds of times greater than at the E arth’s surface分句3：the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans分句4：in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space 分句2修饰分句1结尾的短语intense pressures，分句1是分句3的原因状语分句3是整个长句子的主句分句4是分句3的后置定语，修饰分句3的a hostile environment to humans 整个句子结构是：原因状语+主句+后置定语这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句。
句子的核心意思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。
精选英语长难句10例——解析、翻译及句型提炼
精选英语长难句10例——解析、翻译及句型提炼本人提出并提倡三步骤解析英语长难句的方法，旨在帮助考生在短时间内训练并提高快速准确读懂句子进而提高整体阅读理解的能力。
另一个目的是尝试为考生提供切实有效的翻译练习和训练的机会，以促使考生更加准确辩析长难句的结构和意义以及英汉语言的差异。
在此基础上，还致力于督促考生进行句型提炼的练习和训练，以为句子乃至段落写作提供参考和样本。
下面为考生精选10句长难句作为实例进行解析和翻译并作相应的句型提炼，供考生参考。
实例 I原句：Furthering that point, the association noted a number of somber research findings, including that men are four times more likely than women to die of suicide worldwide, are "far more likely" than women to be arrested and charged with intimate partner violence in the U.S. and commit about 90 percent of all homicides nationwide.一、解析：1. 简化结构：快速确定主句和主句中的主语、谓语和宾语成分，删除其它成分。
…, the association noted a number, ….简化后的句子呈现为主句，主语是the association，谓语是noted，宾语是a number。
2. 回补成分：根据语法结构、信息组块和意义理解依次回补句子成分。
2.1 回补成分1：Furthering that point, the association noted a number, ....回补后的成分是现在分词短语Furthering that point作状语，修饰谓语noted。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文C
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含译文1. Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return ? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March , the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel , up from less than $10 last December .结构：•Could the bad old days of economic decline [主] be about to [谓] return [宾] ?•时间状语从句：Since OPEC [主] agreed [谓] to supply-cuts in March [宾] ,•the price of crude oil [主] has jumped [谓] to almost $26 a barrel , up from less than $10 last December [宾]单词：Crude n.原料Barrel n.桶Supply-cut 消减供应词组：Economic decline 经济衰退Be about to 将要解析：•since引导时间状语从句直译：经济衰退的坏时期将再次降临吗？自从3月份，OPEC同意消减供应石油，原油的价格从去年12月的不足10美元一桶，快速涨到接近26美元一桶译文：昔日经济衰退的可怕日子是否会重来？自从3月份，石油输出组织达成消减供应的协议以来，原油价格已经从去年12月的每桶不到10美元，上涨到几乎每桶26美元重点：•Economic decline 经济衰退•Be about to 将要•since引导时间状语从句2. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock , when prices quadrupled , and 1979-1980 , when they also almost tripled .结构：•This near-tripling of oil prices [主] calls up [谓] scary memories of the 1973 oil shock , when prices quadrupled [宾1] ,•and 1979-1980 , when they also almost tripled [宾2]单词：Shock n.震惊惊吓休克vt.使震惊triple a. 三倍的vt.使成为三倍quadruple a.四倍的vt.使成为四倍词组：Call up 唤醒解析：•And连接两个并列句直译：这个接近三倍的石油价格唤起了1973年和1979-1980年关于石油惊吓的可怕记忆，1973年石油价格上涨了四倍，1979-1980年也几乎上涨了三倍译文：油价接近三倍的上涨，使得人们回想起了1973和1979至1980年间得石油恐慌，当时油价分别上涨了四倍和近三倍重点：•And连接两个并列句3. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline . So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time ？结构：•Both previous shocks [主] resulted in [谓] double-digit inflation and global economic decline [宾].•So where [主] are [谓] the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time [宾]单词：Previous a.之前的Double-digit a.两位数的Inflation n.通货膨胀Gloom n.昏暗忧郁Doom n.厄运悲观Headline n.新闻头条标题词组：Result in 导致直译：之前的两次石油恐慌导致了两位数的通货膨胀以及全球性的经济衰退。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析manage to do
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析manage to doIf he can manage to acquire that greater understanding, he is reading in the second sense. He has indeed elevated himself by his activity, though indirectly, of course, the elevation was made possible by the writer who had something to teach him.【翻译】如果他成功地获得了那份更深刻的理解，那么他的阅读就是在第二个意义上进行的。
他通过自己的阅读，切实提升了自己。
当然间接地来看，他的提升之所以成为可能，是有东西要教他的作者帮他实现的。
【语法分析】这两都句是主从复合句。
先看第一句。
逗号之前是条件状语从句，逗号之后是主句。
在if从句中动词用的是manage to do something，意思是成功的做到了。
manage to do和try to do意思是有区别的。
try to do是设法做，但没做到。
而manage to do则是做到了，有结果。
大家一定要牢记这两个词的意思的区别，不能用错了。
再看第二句，主句在前面，He（主）has indeed elevated（谓）himself（宾）by his activity（方式状语）。
从句是though引导的让步状语从句。
不过在连词though和它引导的从句之间有两个插入语indirectly和of course. 也就是说连词后面应该紧跟一个句子（主语+谓语等），这里却没有跟主语即名词或代词，被这两个词隔开了。
这样就可以判断，它们是插入语。
插入语使句子显得很啰嗦、琐碎、打破了意思的连贯性，但也更严谨、丰富。
在让步状语从句中，动词用的是被动语态the elevation was made possible by the writer. 其中形容词possible是主语elevation的补足语。
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
【分析】本句为复合句。
主句主干为 DL signifies a course。
主句中的”in which引导定语从句，对course进展解释说明，其中instructors 和students是并列成分。
While意为虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句;从句中的offered 为过去分词做后置定语，修饰instruction。
【译文】虽然各个大学供应的网络课程不尽一样，但是远程教学通常会把课程公开，教师会把课程大纲、阅读任务和课程安排上传到网站上，学生们则通过电子邮件提交作业。
2. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.
【分析】本句为简洁句。
句子主干为I offered suggestions。
Telling myself hall为伴随状语，that引导宾语从句;guiding the young writer across the hall为现在分词作后置定语，修饰writer。
that 后的从句可改写为I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。
【译文】我一次次地告诫自己，这只是一个有些阅历的作家在指导一个小作家成长而已，关于她的故事中的人物、冲突和结尾我都供应了一些
建议。
英语阅读长难句例句解析带译文
英语阅读长难句例句解析带译文编者按：在学习英语的过程中，很多学生一遇到长难句就会觉得脑袋一蒙，越看越迷糊。
下面小编整理了一些英语长难句的解析，希望对你有用!1. The hypothesis that begging calls have evolved properties that reduce their potential for attracting predators yields a prediction: baby birds of species that experience high rates of nest predation should produce softer begging signals of higher frequency than nestlings of other species less often victimized by nest predators.【结构简析】主语 + 同位语从句 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 同位语(从句)【参考译文】有一种假说认为，乞食声已经演化出一些特性，可以降低引来捕食者的可能性。
由这种假说便产生了如下推断：比起那些较少成为鸟巢掠杀牺牲品的鸟类来，频繁经历鸟巢掠杀的鸟类的幼鸟应该发出更为柔和的高频率声波的乞食信号。
2. Therefore, when observational assessment is used as a technique for studying infant perceptual abilities, care must be taken not to overgeneralize from the data or to rely on one or two studies as conclusive evidence of a particular perceptual ability of the infant.【结构简析】状语从句 + 主语 + 谓语 + 目的状语(不定式)【参考译文】所以，使用观测评估研究婴儿知觉力时，必须注意，不可对于数据做过度概括，或者只依赖一、两次研究作为婴儿特定知觉力的决定性证据。
(全)2021中考英语-长难句-分析详解含译文
中考英语-长难句-分析详解含译文一、We all need heroes. We need to be able to respect people who have been there, done that, and succeeded. Many times the greatest heroes are the people we deal with every day - relatives（亲戚）, friends, and neighbors - who will keep going when it is easier to give up.二、词汇突破：1. be able to 能够；2. respect 尊敬，敬重；3. people who have been there 先行者；4. deal with 打交道，处理；5. neighbor 邻居；6. keep going 继续下去；7. give up 放弃；三、拆分句子:Many times the greatest heroes are the people we deal with every day - relatives（亲戚）, friends, and neighbors - who will keep going when it is easier to give up.本句话拆分后：1. Many times the greatest heroes are the people；2. (who) we deal with every day; who指代的是people, 在定语从句中做宾语，可以省略；3. relatives（亲戚）, friends, and neighbors；是the people的同位语；4. who will keep going；who指代的是people;5. when it is easier to give up;四、参考译文：我们都需要英雄。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(285-286)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “offline” activity.2.Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.二、长难句翻译解析1.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a p rinted book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “offline” activity.根据连词、关系词和标点符号的位置，句子可以拆分为三部分：第一部分And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives这部分中最重要的是“in contrast to sth 与某事相反、与某事截然不同”，是阅读理解过程中需要重点关注的对比标志。
对比是作者在各类文体中广泛使用的写作手法，在阅读理解的细节题中也属于高频考点，所以看到文章里出现形容词副词比较级最高级、相同相似不同、各种描述比较关系的短语和逻辑关系时，一定要意识到这里出现了对比，可能是文章的重点信息所在。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译n
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译1. Bankers have been blaming themselves for their trouble in public . Behind the scenes , they have been taking aim at someone else : the accounting standard-setters .结构：•Bankers [主] have been blaming [谓] themselves for their trouble in public [宾] .•Behind the scenes [状], they [主] have been taking [谓] aim at someone else [宾] :•补充说明：the accounting standard-setters .单词：account n.账户客户报道vt.认为把...视为Accounting n.会计会计学账单v.解释叙述Setter n.制定者决定者词组：•Aim at 旨在瞄准针对•Accounting standard 会计准则解析：冒号表示补充说明，这里补充说明someone else直译：银行家一直在公共场合忏悔自己的错误。
在公共场合之外，他们一直针对会计准则制定者译文：在公开场合，银行家们将他们的麻烦归咎己身。
私底下，他们却一直将矛头对准他人：会计准则制定者重点：•Aim at 旨在瞄准针对•Accounting standard 会计准则•冒号表示补充说明，这里补充说明someone else2. Their rules , moan the banks , have forced them to report enormous losses , and it’s just not fair .结构：•Their rules [主] , moan the banks [插入语], have forced [谓] them to report enormous losses [宾] ,•and it’s [主系] just not fair [表] .单词：moan v.抱怨呻吟n.抱怨解析：•主谓之间有插入语，moan the banks直译：银行家抱怨，制定者制定的规则迫使他们报告巨大的损失，这是不公平的译文：银行抱怨，会计准则制定者所制定的规则迫使他们报告巨大的损失，这样是不公平的重点：•主谓之间有插入语，moan the banks3. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay , not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch .结构：•These rules [主] say [谓]•宾语从句：they [主] must value [谓] some assets at the price •定语从句：a third party [主] would pay [谓] , not the price •定语从句：managers and regulators [主] would like [谓] them to fetch [宾]单词：Asset n.资产Regulator n.监管人监管机构Fetch vt.卖的去取（物）去接（人）词组：Third party 第三方解析：•句子中有三个从句，一个宾语从句，两个定语从句•宾语从句包含这两个定语从句•They must...是宾语从句，省略引导词that• A third party...是定语从句修饰price,省略引导词that•Managers and regulators... 是定语从句修饰price,省略引导词that直译：这些规则规定，他们必须用第三方愿意支付的价格来评估某些资产，而不是用管理人和监管人认为他们能够卖出的价格评估译文：规则规定，银行必须以第三方愿意收购的价格，而非管理者和监管者期望他们能够卖的价格来评估部分资产重点：•句子中有三个从句，一个宾语从句，两个定语从句•宾语从句包含这两个定语从句•They must...是宾语从句，省略引导词that• A third party...是定语从句修饰price,省略引导词that •Managers and regulators... 是定语从句修饰price,省略引导词that4. Unfortunately , bank’s lobbying now seems to be working . The details may be unknowable , but the independence of standard-setters , essential to the proper functioning of capital markets , is being compromised .结构：•Unfortunately , bank’s lobbying now [主] seems to [系] be working [表] .•The details [主] may be [系] unknowable [表] , but the independence of standard-setters [主] , essential to the proper functioning of capital markets [插入语] , is being compromised [谓（被动）]单词：Lobby vt.游说n.大厅休息室游说议员的团体Hobby n.兴趣爱好嗜好Compromise n.折衷妥协和解v.违背是陷入危险词组：May be 可能解析：•But the independence...句子中有一个插入语直译：不幸的是，如今银行家的游说似乎起作用了，详细的内容可能不会被知道，但是规则制定者的独立性，对于资本市场的适当作用是必要的，正在被威胁译文：不幸的是，银行的游说似乎有了成效。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译s
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译1. More and more governments , afraid their countries will be left behind , want to spread Internet access.结构：•More and more governments [主语],•Afraid [谓语] their countries will be left behind [宾语从句] , want to spread [谓语] Internet access [宾语].单词：spread vt.传播伸展展开a.伸展的Widespread a.广泛的普遍的Access v.接近使用访问n.通道机会入口进入使用权词组：More and more 越来越...直译：越来越多的政府，担心自己的国家会落伍，从而想要发展互联网使用解析：•Afraid引导宾语从句，省略了连接词that。
•afraid和want to并列，共同使用主语More and more governments译文：由于担心自己的国家会落伍，越来越多的政府，想要拓展互联网的使用2. Within the next decade or two , one to two billion people on the plante will be neted together.结构：•Within the next decade or two [时间状语],•one to two billion people [主语] on the planet [介词短语作定语] will be neted [谓语（被动语态）]together .单词：within 在....之间Billion 十亿直译：在接下来的10到20年之间，世界上的10到20亿人将会用网连接在一起解析：•捋顺语句译文：在未来的10到20年之间，世界上将有10到20亿人被网络联在一起3. As a result , I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead.结构：•As a result , I [主语] now believe [谓语]•the digital divide [主语] will narrow [谓语] rather than widen [谓语] in the years ahead [时间状语].词组：As a result 结果因此Rather than 而不是宁可...也不愿直译：因此，我现在相信数字鸿沟将会缩减而不是扩大，在一些年之后解析：•主谓主谓的结构，后一半的主谓是从句•believe引导宾语从句，省略了连接词that。
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英语长难句阅读解析、句型提炼和句子翻译英语长难句是非常特别的学习资源，短小精炼、便捷高效，如果加以充分利用可以极大地促进对于英语句子的结构安排、语法关系、信息传递、逻辑表达和语言表述等方面的认知和应用，增强关于英语词汇、句子和段落等的理解和写作以至翻译的能力。
因此，我们应该在一段时间内进行集中强化训练，把长难句作为典型的句子进行结构解析，句型提炼和句子翻译，进而增强英语综合运用能力。
下面试对长难句（1）进行结构解析、句型和句子翻译。
一、原句：Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a researcher's publications increases his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, because it takes years to create a new approach in a new experimental context, during which no publications should be expected.二、解析：1. 简化结构：Any evaluation system …creates a strong disincentive …, …. 简化的结构是简单句主谓宾结构，主语是system，any evaluation 是主语的定语，谓语是creates，宾语是disincentive。
2. 回补成分：2.1 Any evaluation system …creates a strong disincentive to pursuerisky and potentially groundbreaking work, …, …. 回补后的成分是动词不定式短语to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work作disincentive后置定语，其中risky and potentially groundbreaking是并列定语修饰动词pursue的宾语work。
2.2 Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a researcher's publications increases his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, …. 回补后的成分是定语从句，in which是介词接关系代词引导定语从句，从句的主语是the mere number，谓语是increases，宾语是his or her score，of a researcher's publications是后置定语修饰主语number。
2.3 Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a researcher's publications increases his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, because it takes years to create a new approach in a new experimental context, …. 回补后的成分是由because的原因状语从句，主语是it作形式主语，谓语和宾语分别是takes years，实际主语是动词不定式短语to create a new approach in a new experimental context，其中a new approach是宾语，in a new experimental context是状语。
2.4 Any evaluation system in which the mere number of a researcher's publications increases his or her score creates a strong disincentive to pursue risky and potentially groundbreaking work, because it takes years to create a new approach in a new experimental context, during whichno publications should be expected. 最后回补后的成分是非限定性定语，in which是介词接关系代词引导定语从句，主语是publications，谓语should be expected。
三、句型提炼：本句比较长且复杂，主句的主语带有一个非限定性定语从句，而且从句本身的主语也比较长，呈现两个谓语比较近的状况，使人比较难以确定哪一个谓语动词是主句的谓语，此外，两个非限定性定语从句都是介词前置于关系代词的形式，造成一定的理解困难。
可用于写作的句型提炼如下：主语system +定语从句in which…+谓语creates+宾语+后置定语（动词不定式）+状语because it takes years …+非限定性定语during which…：…system in which … creates … disincentive to pursue …, because it takes years to create …work, during which ….四、翻译：任何一个仅仅是通过出版物来数字增加分数进而对科研人员进行评价的系统都会强烈抑制科研人员追求冒险和潜在性的创新工作，因为新的科研环境下新的方式方法需要经年累月才能进行创新，期间不应该对于出版事项抱有任何期望。
解析长难句的首要目的是训练快速抓住句子的主干，进行结构分析并准确理解句子意义的能力。
在此基础上，把长难句中的典型地道的句型提炼出来以用于句子写作，因为很大程度上，一篇文章的写作，尤其是应试性质的写作，能否获得高分取决于书面语言的呈现如何，那么句子复杂性是其中非常重要的因素。
第三个目的，同时也是非常重要的目的之一，通过翻译练习对英汉语句子的语法结构和表达方式的进行辨析和对比，做到从结构关系和意义表达上透彻理解长难句并加以相应的应用。
如果能够达到以上三个目的，我们就可以基本做到对长难句的充分利用进而提高英语语言的综合运用能力。
一、原句：The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, which cover the entire nation and can be linked together through a personal identifier, thus providing excellent opportunities to pinpoint high-risk groups.二、解析：三步骤解析长难句1. 简化结构：快速确定主句和主句中的主语、谓语和宾语成分，删除其它成分。
The country has an abundance ….简化后的句子是主句的主谓宾结构，主语是The country，谓语是has，宾语是an abundance。
2. 回补成分：根据语法结构、信息组块和意义理解依次回补句子成分。
2.1 The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, ….回补后的成分是介词短语of unique,complete, and individual-level register data作abundance的定语，其中有三个并列定语修饰介词宾语register data。
2.2 The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, which cover the entire nation and can be linked together th rough a personal identifier, ….回补后的成分是非限定性定语从句修饰data，关系代词which连接句子并在从句中作主语，并列谓语是cover和can be linked，第一个并列谓语的宾语是the entire nation，第二个并列谓语有两个状语together和through a personal identifier。
3. 还原句子：回补最后一个成分并最终还原原来的长难句The country has an abundance of unique, complete, and individual-level register data, which cover the entire nation and can be linked together through a personal identifier, thus providing excellent opportunities to pinpoint high-risk groups.最后回补还原的成分是非限定定语从句的状语thus providing excellent opportunities to pinpoint high-risk groups，其中thus是副词，其后的成分是现在分词短语，excellent opportunities是现在分词providing的宾语，to pinpoint high-risk groups是它的目的状语。
三、提炼句型：三步骤提炼句型：1. 划分结构：按照句子成分和修饰关系划分句子结构：The country has an abundance ... , which cover ... and can be linked ..., thus providing ....把原句划分成为一个主句The country has an abundance，一个从句which cover ... and can be linked ..., thus providing ....。