T 2014职称英语词典

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W 2014职称英语词典

wagen．报酬，工资*wag(g)onn．四轮马车*waistn．腰部，腰waitn．等待vi．等，等候wait on：服侍waitern．(男)侍者，(男)服务员waitressn．(女)侍者，(女)服务员wakevt．1．唤醒2．唤起，使认识到vi．醒来walkvi.／n．步行，散步walln．墙，围墙*walletn．钱包+wallpapern．壁纸wandervi．1．漫游，漫步，闲逛2．走神，(神志)恍惚wantvt．1．要，想要2．需要3．通缉，追捕n．缺乏，缺少warn．战争，战斗wardn．1．病房2．选区3．受监护人vt．避开ward off：避开，防止*wardenn．1．看守人，监护人2．监察人员，管理员*wardroben．衣柜*warehousen．仓库，货栈+warfaren．战争(状态)，冲突，斗争warmadj．1．温暖的，暖和的2．热情的，热心的3．保暖的，御寒的vt．(使)温暖warmthn．1．暖和，温暖2．热烈，热情，热心warnv．警告，告诫warningn．警告*warrantn．1．证明，保证2．授权，许可证3．付(收)款凭单*warrantyn．保证书，担保warriorn．战士，军士，武士*waryadj．谨慎的，机警的，小心的washvt．1．洗，洗涤2．冲，冲掉vi．1．洗手(脸)2．洗衣3．耐洗n．洗涤Washingtonn．华盛顿wasten．1．浪费2．废料，弃物adi．1．废的，无用的，丢弃的2．荒芜的vt．浪费n．1．表2．监视，看管v．1．注视，观看2．监视，看守watch out for：提防，密切注视watern．水vt．给…浇水*waterfalln．瀑布+watertightadj．1．不漏水的2．(计划、措辞等)严密的*wattn．瓦(特)waven．1．波，波浪2．(手等的)挥动vt．挥动，向…挥手vi．1．挥手示意2．波动，飘动+waxn．蜡，蜂蜡vt．给…上蜡wayn．1．道，路，径2．方法，手段，方式3．方向4．距离5．点，方面by the way：顺便说，附带说说by way of：1．通过…方法(或形式等)2．经由in a way：在某种程度上，从某一点上看make oneo way：1．成功2．去往make way for：允许通过，允许自由发展in no way：决不，一点也不out ofthe way：1．不寻常的2．已解决的under way：在进行中wepron．我们n．1．虚弱的，无力的2．(能力等)差的，弱的3．微弱的，淡薄的*weakenv．(使)变弱，(使)虚弱weaknessn．1．虚弱，衰弱，软弱2．缺点，弱点wealthn．1．财产，财富2．大量，丰富wealthyadj．富裕的，丰富的weaponn．武器，兵器wearvt．穿着，戴着。

2014年职称英语考试用书理工类教材 word版完整清晰版

2014年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类）第二部分阅读判断第一篇Inventor of LED第二篇E1 Nino第三篇Smoking第四篇Engineering Ethics 第五篇Recue Platform第六篇Microchip Research Center Created第七篇ModerateEarthquake StrikesEngland第八篇What isdream第九篇Dangers AwaitBabies withAltitude第十篇Thy biologyof music第四部阅读理解第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict第三篇 Citizen Scientists第四篇 Motoring Technology第五篇 Late-Night Drinking第六篇 Making Light of Sleep第七篇 Sugar Power for Cell Phones第八篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful第九篇 Egypt Felled by Famine 第十篇 Young FemaleChimps Outlearn TheirBrothers第十二篇 Florida Hit byCold Air Mass第十三篇 InvisibilityRing第十四篇 Japanese CarKeeps Watch for DrunkDrivers第十五篇 Winged RobotLearns to Fly第十六篇 JapaneseDrilling into Core ofEarth*第十七篇 A Sunshade forthe Planet*第十八篇 Thirst for Oil*第十九篇Musical RobotCompanion EnhancesListener Experience*第二十篇 Explorer ofthe Extreme Deep*第二十一篇 Plant Gas*第二十二篇 Snowflakes*第二十三篇 Powering aCity? It's a Breeze.*第二十四篇 UndergroundCoal Fires -- a LoomingCatastrophe*第二十五篇 Eat to Live*第二十六篇 Male andFemale Pilots CauseAccidents Differently*第二十七篇 Driven toDistraction*第二十八篇 Sleep LetsBrain File Memories*第二十九篇 I will BeBach*第三十篇 Digital Realm*第三十一篇 HurricaneKatrina*第三十二篇Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇 Experts Callfor Local and RegionalControl of Sites forRadioactive第五部分补全短文第二篇 The BilingualBrain第三篇 How deafinessMakes It Easierto Hear第六部分完型填空第一篇 Captain CookArrow Legend第二篇 Avalanche andIts Safety第四篇 Animal's"Sixth Sense"第五篇 Singing AlarmsCould Save the Blind* 第六篇 Car ThievesCould Be Stopped Remotely* 第七篇 AnIntelligent Car* 第九篇 Wonder Webs* 第十篇Chicken Soupfor the Soul：ComfortFood Fights Loneliness1第一篇Inventor of LED1. Holonyak’s colleagues thou ght he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned2. Holonyak believed that his students that were working with him on the project would get the Lemelson- MIT Prizesooner or later.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. Holonyak was the inventor of the transistor in the early 1950s.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4.Holonyak believed that LEDs would become very popular in the future.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. Holonyak said that you should not do anything you are not interested in.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6. Edith Flanigen is the onlyco-inventor of LEDs.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7. The Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 第二篇 El Nino1. The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict El Nino a few months in advance. A RightB WrongC No mentioned2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to usesea-surface temperatures to match the past El Nino occurrences.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4. Weare’s contribution in predicting El Nino, was highly praised by other meteorologists.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by El Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned6. It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peak.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned7. A special institute has bee n set up in America to study El Nino.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned第三篇Smoking1. It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous. A Right B WrongC Not mentioned2. Smoking reduces one’s life expectancy. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned3. Smoking may induce lung cancer.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4. There is evidence that smoking isresponsible for breast cancer.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. Male smokers have a lower deathrate from heart disease than femalesmokers. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned6. Nicotine is poisonous.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7. Filters and low tar tobacco makesmoking safe.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第四篇 Engineering Ethics1. Engineering ethics is a compulsorysubject in every institute of scienceand technology in the United States. ARight B Wrong C Not mentioned2. The number of students wishing totake the course of engineering ethicsis declining at Texas A&M University.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. The National Science Foundationinvolves itself directly in writing upmaterial about ethical issues. A Right BWrong C Not mentioned4. It seems that medical ethics andbusiness ethics are more mature thanengineering ethics. A Right B Wrong CNot mentioned5. Several engineering professors havequit from teaching to protest againstthe creation of a new course inengineering ethics. A Right B Wrong CNot mentioned6. Many engineering professors maynot have time to prepare material forclass discussion on professional ethics.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7. It is likely that following thisintroductory passage, the author willprovide the necessary material relatedto the topic of engineering ethics. ARight B Wrong C Not mentioned第五篇Rescue Platform1. A rescue platform called the Eagle iscapable of moving vertically but notsideways.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2. The four propellers are fittedhorizontally to the Eagle.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. With the help of jet engines, theEagle can fly at a speed of 100 milesan hour.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4. In the third paragraph, the wordhelicopter refers to the Eagle.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. The mare jet engines are fitted tothe propellers, the more people theplatform can carry.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6. In the wake of September 11, Mr.Metreveli has secured enough fundingto build up a small-scale model of theEagle to test his idea.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7. Mr. Metreveli is designing for Israela more advanced form of rescueplatform than the Eagle or the Eaglet.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第六篇Microchip ResearchCenter Created1. The country says that theinvestment of US $14 million is bigenough for dev eloping that country’schip industry.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2. That country gives top priorities todeveloping chips for military purposes.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. Although the licensing fees are notvery high, that Far Eastern countrycannot afford to pay.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned.4. Many western countries ban theexporting of the most advancedchip-making technologies to thatcountry to prevent them from beingused for military purposes.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. Currently, almost all the flagshipchipmakers in that country are ownedby American investors.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6. Mainstream chip productiontechnology develop rapidly. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned7. More than 10 chip plants being builtin that country are an example ofself-reliance.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第七篇Moderate EarthquakeStrikes England1. During the April 28 earthquake, thewhole England was left without power.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2. The Channel Tunnel was closed for10 hours after the earthquakeoccurred.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. It was reported that one lady hadgot her head and neck injured, but notseriously.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4. France and several other Europeancountries sent their medical teams towork side by side with the Britishdoctors.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned25. The country’s strongest earthquake took place in London in 1580.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6. Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur in southeast England sooner or later. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 7. It can be inferred from the passage that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned.第八篇What Is a Dream?1．Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 2．According to Freud, people dream about things that they cannot talk about.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 3．Jung believed that dreams did not help one to understand oneself.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 4．In the past, people believed that dreams involved emotions.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 5．According to Domhoff, babies do not have the same ability to dream as adults do.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 6．Men and women dream about different things.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 7．Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned 第九篇Dangers Await Babies with Altitude1. According to the passage，one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are under-nourished.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2. Giussani’s team members are all British researchers and professors from Cambridge University.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was born into.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4. The weight of a newborn has to do with the supply of oxygen even when he was still in his mother’s womb.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5. High-altitude babies have heads that are larger than their bodies. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 6. High-altitude babies have longer but thinner limbs than average.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned 7. Giussani has arrived at theconclusion that babies in high-altituderegions are more likely to have hearttrouble when they grow up. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned*第十篇The Biology of Music1．Humans, but not animals, can sing.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned2．People can use music tocommunicate their emotions.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned3．We use the same part of the brainfor music and language.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned4．Geoffery Miler has done researchon music and emotions.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned5．It’s hard for humans to composemusic.A RightB WrongC Not- mentioned6．Memory is not an important part insinging in tune.A RightB WrongC Not-mentioned 7．Scientists does notknow all the answers about theeffects of music on humans. ARight B Wrong C Not-mentioned第五部分补全短文第一篇Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label ifthey proved1to be a dangerous sourceof radiation, according to Robert Bell,a scientist. And no more mobile phonetransmitter towers should be builtuntil the long-term health effects ofthe electromagnetic radiation theyemit are scientifically evaluated, hesaid. “Nobody’s going to drop deadovernight2but we should be asking formore scientific information,” RobertBell said at a conference on the healtheffects of low-level radiation. 1 “Ifmobile phones are found to bedangerous, they should carry awarning label until proper shields canbe devised,” he said.A report widelycirculated among the public says thatup to now scientists do not really knowenough to guarantee there are noill-effets on humans fromelectromagnetic radiation. Accordingto Robert Bell, there are 3.3 millionmobile phones in Australia alone andthey are increasing by 2,000 a day3. 2By the year 20004 it is estimated thatAustralia will have 8 million mobilephones: nearly one for every twopeople.As well, there are 2,000 transmittertowers around Austrnlia, many in highdensity residential areas5. 3 E Forexample, Telstra, Optus andVodaphone build their towers where itis geographically suitable to them anddisregard the need of the community.The electromagnetic radiation emittedfrom these towers may have alreadyproduced some harmful effects on thehealth of the residents nearby. RobertBell suggests that until more researchis completed the Government shouldban construction of phone towers fromwithin a 500 metre radius of schoolgrounds, child care centres, hospitals,sports playing fields and residentialareas with a high percentage ofchildren. 4 A He says there is emergingevidence that children absorblow-level radiation at a rate more thanthree times that of adults6.He addsthat there is also evidence that ifcancer sufferers are subjected toelectromagnetic waves the growth rateof the disease accelerates. 5 D Thenwho finances the research? Accordingto Robert Bell, it is reasonable for themajor telephone companies to fund it.Besides, he also urges theGovernment to set up a wide-ranginginquiry into possible health effects.第二篇The World’s LongestBridgeRumor has it that1a legendarysix-headed monster lurks in thedeep waters of the Tyrrhenian Seabetween Italy and the island ofSicily. 1 If true, one day youmight spy the beast while zipping(呼啸而过) across the MessinaStrait Bridge. When completed in2010, the world’s longest bridgewill weigh nearly 300,000 tonsequivalent to the iceberg thatsank the Titanic — and stretch 5kilomerers long. “that’s nearly 50percent longer than any otherbridge ever built,” saysstructural engineer Shane Rixon.2 What do the world’s longestbridges have in common? They’resuspension bridges, massivestructures built to span vastwater channels or gorges. Asuspension bridge needs just twotowers to shoulder the structure’smammoth weight, thanks to heftysupporting cables slung betweenthe towers and anchored firmly indeep pools of cement at each endof the bridge. The Messina StraitBridge will have two 54,00-ton34towers, which will support most of the bridge ’s load. The beefy cables of the bridge, each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built. When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005, the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers. 3 The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352individual steel wires. Gettingthese cables up will be something 2. It ’s not just their length — totally 5.3 kilometers — but their weight. 4 They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons — more than-half the bridge’s total mass. After lowering vertical “suspender ” cables from the main cables, builders will erect a 60meter-wide 54,630-ton steel roadway, or deck — wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic. The deck ’s weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons. In return, the cables yank up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons — equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars. Those anchors are essential. 5 They ’re what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.第三篇 Reinventing the Table An earth scientist has rejigged theperiodic table 1to make chemistry simpler to teach to students. 1 There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in 1871.But Bruce Railsback from the University ofGeorgia 3says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves. “I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students,”he says, criss-crossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table. 2 Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have. But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which. “Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what’s going on with the elements,” says Albert Galyfrom the University of Cambridge 4. 3“I imagine this would be good for undergraduates.” 4 Railsback has listed some elements more than once. He explains that sulphur, for example, shows up in three different spots — one for sulphide, which is found in minerals, one for sulphite, and one for sulphate, which is found in sea salt, for instance. He has also included symbols to show which ions arc nutrients, and which are common in soil or water. 5 And the size of element’s symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth’s crust.第四篇 The Bilingual BrainWhen Karl Kim immigrated to the United States from Korea’s a teenager, he had a hard time learning English. Now he speaks it fluently, and he had a unique opportunity to see how our brains adapt to a second language.1 As a graduate student, Kim worked in the lab of Joy Hirsch, a neuroscientist in New York. 1Their work led to an important discovery. They found evidence that children and adults don’t use the same parts of the brain when they learn a second language. The researchers used an instrument called an MRI2 (magnetic resonance imaging) scanner to study the brains of two groups of bilingual people. 2One group consisted of those who had learned a second language as children. The other consisted of people who ， like Kim ，learned their second language later in life. People from both groups were placed inside the MRI scanner. This allowed Kim and Hirsch to see which parts of the brain were getting more blood and were more active. They asked people from both groups to think about what they had done the day before, first in one language and then the other. They couldn’t speak out loud because any movement would disrupt the scanning. Kim and Hirsch looked specifically at two language centers in the brain - Broca's area3, which is believed to control speech production, and Wernicke’s area3, which is thought to process meaning. Kim and Hirsch found that both groups of people used the same part of Wernicke's area no matter what language they were speaking. 3 But their use of Broca ’s area was different. People who learned a second language as children used the same region in Broca’s area for both their first and second languages. People who learned asecond language later in life used a dif ferent part of Broca’s area for their second language. 4 How does Hirsch explain this difference? Hirsch believes that when language is first being programmed in young children, their brains may mix the sounds and structures of all languages in the same area. Once that programming is complete, the processing of a new language must be taken over by a different part of the brain. A second possibility is simply that we may acquire languages differently as children than we do as adults. Hirsch thinks that mothers teach a baby to speak by using different methods involving touch, sound, and sight. 5 And that is very different from learning a language in a high school or college class.第五篇 The Magic of Sound Music is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expressions ever invented. In movies and plays, music has an added function 1: it not only moves people but also can shock people. Is it true that an ordinarymusical instrument can be so powerful? Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80 decibels. Once sound exceeds this limit 2, even beautifulmusic will become car-splitting noise 3and harm health. A strong blast of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet. 1 High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat. The noise from a plane’s engine is over 140 decibels. However, the sound of a flute is at most a few decibels. 2 Therefore, the sound of ordinary musical instruments cannot harm your health. It has been proven that people who have worked in an environment with a high sound intensity for a long time suffer varying degrees of heart disease or altered brain waves. In movies, sometimes the hero can produce a sound that ordinary people can ’t hear and only those who have the same ability can feel. In nature, there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing. In physics, the sound that exceeds 20,000 Hz is called ultrasonic. 3 Dolphins, whales and bats can make suchhigh-frequency sound.It does no harm to health. Sound less than 20 Hz is called infrasonic waves. When we move, the air will vibrate. 4 The vibration of air can produce5infrasonic waves. As thefrequency of infrasonic waves is close to that of people ’s internalorgans 4, infrasonic wave may cause resonance in human bodies. As a result, people ’s vision may weaken and internal organs may rupture. However, whether an infrasonic wave can be used as a weapondepends on its intensity 5. If its intensity is very low, it won ’t damage internal organs or a person ’s health. 5 If the intensity of infrasonic wave exceeds 160 decibels, it is extremely harmful. When wind blows at a force of 3 or 4 over thesea 6, it will produce infrasonic waves of several decibels. Only typhoons can produce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels. At present, scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the lab with the help of advanced scientific tools and powerful electric power.第六篇 Dung to Death 1Fields across Europe are contaminated with dangerous levels of the antibiotics given to farm animals. The drugs, which are in manure sprayed onto fields as fertilizers, could be getting into our food and water, helping to create a new generation of antibiotic-resistant“superbugs ”.2The warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farm slurry. 1 His findings are particularly shocking because Switzerland is one of the few countries to have bannedantibiotics as growth promoters in animal fee .Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year. More than half are given to farm-animals to prevent disease and promote growth. 2 But recent research has found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyard drugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people. Most researchers assumed that humans become infected with the resistant strains by eating contaminatedmeat.3But far more of the drugs end up in manure than in meat products, says Stephen Mueller of the Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science andTechnology in Dubendorf. 3 And manure contains especially high levels of bugs that are resistant to antibiotics, he says. With millions of tons of animals manure spread onto fields of crops such as wheat and barley each year, thispathway seems an equally likely route for spreading resistance,4he said. The drugs contaminate the crops, which are then eaten. 4 They could also be leaching into tap water pumped from rocks beneath fertilized fields.Mueller is particularly concerned about a group of antibiotics called sulphonamides. 5 They do not easily degrade or dissolve in water. His analysis found that Swiss farm manure contains a highpercentage of sulphonamides; each hectare of field could be contaminated with up to 1 kilogram of the drugs. This concentration is high enough to trigger the development of resistance among bacteria.5But vets are nottreating the issue seriously. There is growing concern at the extent to which drugs, includingantibiotics, are polluting the environment. Many drugs given to humans are also excretedunchanged and are not broken down by conventional sewage treatment. 第七篇 Time in the Animal World Rhythm controls everything in Nature. 1 It controls, for example, the flapping of birds’ wings, the beating of the heart and the rising and setting of the sun.The sun provides a basic time rhythm for all living creatures including humans. Nearly all animals are influenced by sun cycles and have developed a biological clock in their bodies following these cycles. The moon also exerts its force and influence on the sea. Its gravitational attraction causes the rising of the tide. 2 The tide goes out when the moon moves away and its attraction is weaker. When the moon is behind the Earth, centrifugal force causes the second tide of the day. Animals living in tidal areas must have the instinct of predicting these changes, to avoid being stranded and dying of dehydration. Since the time of the dinosaurs, the king crab has been laying eggs 1at the seaside in a set way 2. To avoid predator fish 3, the eggsare always far from seawater and protected by sand. In the following two months, the eggs undergo dramatic changes related to the cycles of the moon 4. When the second spring tide comes, the young king crabs have matured. 3 The second spring tide takes them back to the sea. Most of the mammals, either the giant elephant or the small shrew, have the same average total number of heart beats in their lifetime. Shrews live only for two and a half years, and spend their life at a high speed and high tempo. Animals like shrews with a pulse rate of 600 per minute have an average total of eight hundred million heartbeats 5throughout their life. The African elephant has a pulse rate of 25 beats per minute, and a life span 6of 60 years. The size of the body determines the speed of life. 4 The larger the animal is, the longer its life span is and the slower its life tempo is.As we get older, our sense of time is being influenced by the physiological changes of our body. The elderly spend more time resting, and do few sports. 5 For an adult, time goes fast year by year. For a child, a week is seen as a long time.第八篇 Watching Microcurrents FlowWe can now watch electricity as it flows through even the tiniest circuits. By scanning the magnetic field generated as electric currents flow through objects, physicists have managed 1 to picture the progress of the currents. The technology will allow manufacturers to scan microchips for faults, as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotes. Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, visualize the current by measuring subtle changes in the magnetic field of an object and 2 converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each point .Their sensor is adapted 1from an existing piece of technology that is used to measure large magneticfields in computer hard drives.2“We redesigned the magnetic sensor to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magnetic fields,” says Xiao. The resulting device is capable of detecting a current as weak as 10 microamperes , even when the wireis buried deep within a chip, and it shows up features as small as 40 nanometers across. At present, engineers looking for defects in a chip have to peel off the layers and examine the circuits visually; this is one of the obstacles 3 to making chips any smaller. But the new magnetic microscope is sensitive enough to look inside chips and reveal faults such as short circuits, nicks in the wires or electro migration — where a dense area of current picks up surrounding atoms and move them along. “It is like watching a river flow,”explains Xiao. As well as scanning tiny circuits, the microscope can be used to reveal the internal structure of any object capable of conductingelectricity.3For example, itcould look directly at microscopic cracks in an aeroplane’s fuselage, 4 faults in the metal strip of a forged banknote or bacteria in a water sample.The technique cannot yet pick up electrical activity in the human brain because the current there is too small, but Xiaodoesn’t rule it out 4in the future.“I can never say never,” he says. Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public,it is already on sale,5fromelectronics company Micro Magnetics in Fall River, Massachusetts. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minute to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag arc working 5 to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds .第九篇Heat Is KillerExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world. Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot, it can cause serious medical problems —even death. Floods, storms, volcano eruptions and other natural disasters kill thousands of people every year.１So does extreme heat.Experts say heat may be nat ure’s deadliest killer. Recently, extreme heat was blamed for killing more than one hundred people in India. It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can affect health. ２Several hot days are considered a heatwave. Experts say heat waves oftenbecome dangerous when thenighttime temperature does not dropmuch from the highest daytimetemperature. This causes great stresson the human body.３Doctors say people can do manythings to protect themselves fromthe dangers of extreme heat. outof the sun, if possible. Drinklots of cool water. Wear lightcolored clothing made of naturalmaterials; avoid wearingsynthetic clothing. Make sure theclothing is loose, permittingfreedom of movement1. And learnthe danger signs of the medicalproblems, such as headache andvomiting that are linked to heat.Most people suffer only musclepain as a result of heat stress.４Most people suffer only musclepain as a result of heatstress.pain is a warning that thebody is becoming too hot2. Doctorssay those suffering headache ormuscle pain should stop allactivity3and rest in a cool placeand drink cool liquids. Do notreturn to physical activity for afew hours because more seriousconditions could develop: Doctorssay some people face an increaseddanger from heat stress.５Suchpersons have a weak or damagedheart, high blood pressure, orother problems of the bloodsystem.Hot weather also increasesdangers for people who must takemedicine for high blood pressure4,poor blood flow, nervousness ordepression.第十篇How Deafness Makes ItEasier to HearMost people think of Beethoven’shearing loss as an obstacle tocomposing music. However, heproduced his most powerful works inthe last decade of his life when he wascompletely deaf.This is one of the most glorious casesof the triumph of will over adversity1,but his biographer, Maynard Solomon,takes a different view. 1_ Solomonargues that Beethoven’s deafness“heightened”his achievement as acomposer. In his deaf worldBeethoven could experiment, freefrom the sounds of the outside world,free to create new forms andharmonies.Hearing loss does not seemto affect the musical ability ofmusicians who become deaf. Theycontinue to “hear” music with asmuch, or greater, accuracy than if theywere actually hearing it being played.2Michael Eagar, who died in2003,became deaf at the age of 21. Hedescribed a fascinating phenomenonthat happened within three months:“my former musical experiencesbegan to play back to me. I couldn’tdifferentiate between what I heardand real hearing.2 After many years, itis still rewarding to listen to these playbacks, to ‘ hear’ music which is new tome and to find many quietaccompaniments for all of mymoods. ”How is it that the world wesee，touch，hear，and smell is both“out there”and at the same timewithin us? There is no better exampleof this connection between externalstimulus and internal perception thanthe cochlear implant3. 3 Noman-made device could replace theability to hear. However, it might bepossible to use the brain’s remarkablepower to make sense of the electricalsignals the implant produces.WhenMichael Edgar first “switched on” hiscochlear implant, the sounds he heardwere not at all clear. Gradually, withmuch hard work, he began to identifyeveryday sounds. For example, “Theinsistent ringing of the telephonebecame clear almost at once.”Theprimary purpose of the implant is toallow communication with others.When people spoke to Eagar, he heardtheir voices “coming through like along-distance telephone call on a poorconnection.” But when it came to hisbeloved music, the implant was of nohelp.4 _ When he wanted toappreciate music, Eagar played thepiano . He said, “I play the piano as Iused to and hear it in my head at thesame time. The movement of myfingers and the feel of the keys giveadded ‘ clarity’ to hearing in myhead.5”Cochlear implants allow thedeaf to hear again in a way that is notperfect，but which can change theirlives. 5 Still, as Michael Eagardiscovered, when it comes to musicalharmonies, hearing is irrelevant. Eventhe most amazing cochlear implantswould have been useless toBeethoven as he composed his NinthSymphony at the end of his life.6。

2014年全国职称英语考试理工类B--阅读理解单词教材

阅读理解第十七篇A Sunshade for the Planetplanet ['plænit] n.[天]行星carbon ['kɑ:bən]n.[化学]碳；（一张）复写纸；[电]碳精棒[片，粉]，碳精电极；复写的副本adj.碳的；碳处理的emission [i'miʃn]n.排放，辐射；排放物，散发物（尤指气体）；（书刊）发行，发布（通知）global adj.全球的，全球性的，有关全球大局的；全面的，整体的，全局的；球形的，球状的，球面的，球体的；[计]全程的measure n.测量，测度；措施；程度；尺寸vt.测量；估量vi.测量；测量（大小，容量，尺寸等）climate n.气候；水土，风土；（社会思想等的）趋势，倾向；思潮modal n.<语法>情态动词adj.形式的；情态的；模式的；语气的leave open 遗留；未解决extreme [ik'stri:m]adj.极端的，过激的；极限的，非常的；末端的；（政治上）急进的n.极端；困境；[数]极限值sea level n.海平面；潮位；海面resistance [ri'zistəns]n.抵抗；阻力；抗力；电阻special interest group 利益集团；特殊兴趣团体；专业组action n.行动，活动；功能，作用；手段；[法]诉讼implement ['implimənt]vt.实施，执行；使生效，实现；落实（政策）；把…填满n.工具，器械；家具；手段；[法]履行（契约等）soon enough adv.非常快地；足够快地trick [trik]n.戏法，把戏；计谋，诀窍；骗局；恶作剧vt.哄骗，欺骗；打扮adj.弄虚作假的；有诀窍的；欺诈的sleeve [sli:v]n.[机]套筒，套管；袖子，袖套；唱片套vt.给…装袖子；给…装套筒up one's sleeve 作为锦囊妙计的；留作一手的resist [ri'zist]v.抵抗，抗拒；忍耐；反对，抵制n.防染剂；防腐剂option n.选择（的自由）；选项；选择权；选择能力vt.得到或获准进行选择；调动球员invite [in'vait]vt.邀请；请求；引诱；招致n.邀请sense [sens]n.感觉，官能；意识，观念；理性；识别力vt.感到；理解，领会；检测出complacency n.自满，满足；自鸣得意thwart vt.阻挠；使受挫折；挫败；<旧>横过n.<船>横座板，划手座，独木舟的横梁adj.横放的，横着的，穿过的；<旧>执拗的，固执的effort n.努力，尝试；工作；成就；杰作tackle ['tækl]n.用具，装备；索具；阻挡；阻截队员vt.着手处理root [ru:t]n.根，根源；原因，本质；祖先；[乐]和弦基音vt.使生根；使固定；根源在于；欢呼，喝彩vi.生根；根除fresh adj.新鲜的；淡水的；新的；无经验的adv.刚；最新的n.开始；新生；泛滥；淡水流scale [skeil]n.规模；比例（尺）；鱼鳞；级别vt.测量；攀登；刮去…的鳞片vi.衡量；攀登；（鳞屑）脱落；生水垢project vt.放映；计划；发射；展现，使突出vi.伸出，突出counteract vt.抵消；阻碍；中和analogy n.类似，相似；比拟，类比；类推methadone n.美沙酮（一种镇静剂）draw vt.& vi.绘画；拖，拉；招致；吸引vt.画；拉；吸引vi.移动；拔出剑；皱缩；汲取n.平局；抽奖heroin n.海洛因；吗啡addict ['ædikt]n.有瘾的人；入迷的人；（吸毒）成瘾者vt.使沉溺；使上瘾；使自己沾染（某些恶习）treatment n.治疗，疗法；处理；待遇，对待hospitalization n.医院收容，住院治疗；送入医院；留诊rehab ['ri:hæb]n.修复；复兴；恢复名誉；复职basically adv.主要地；从根本上说；基本，基本上；总的说来apply [ə'plai]vt.应用，运用；申请；涂；敷（药）vi.申请，请求，适用；适用，适合；专心致志sunscreen 防晒霜astronomer n.天文学者，天文学家come up 发生；上来；提到；开庭；被提及；被讨论radical adj.根本的，基本的；激进的；彻底的；[植]根生的n.激进分子；根基，原子团；[数学]根数launch vt.发射；[计算机]开始（应用程序）；发动；开展（活动、计划等）vi.投入；着手进行；热衷于…n.投掷；大船上的小艇；大型敞篷摩托艇disc [disk]n.圆盘；唱片；磁盘；碟片block n.块；街区；<英>大楼，大厦；障碍物，阻碍vt.阻止；阻塞；限制controversial adj.有争议的，引起争议的，被争论的；好争论的deflect [di'flekt]vt.& vi.使歪斜；使弯曲；偏转，偏离greenhouse effect n.温室效应greenhouse ['ɡri:nhaʊs]n.温室，花房incident n.事件，事变；小插曲；敌对行动；骚乱adj.[法]附带的；[光]入射的；易有的，附随的cancel ['kænsl]vt.取消，注销；抵消，偿还；〈数〉约去vi.抵消，中和n.撤销，注销；〈数〉（相）约atmosphere ['ætməsfiə(r)]n.大气，空气；大气层；风格，基调；气氛crucial adj.关键性的，极其显要的；决定性的；十字形的severe [si'viə(r)]adj.严峻的；严厉的；剧烈的；苛刻的dioxide n.[化]二氧化物第十八篇Thirst for Oilthirst[θɜ:st]n.（口）渴；渴感；长期的干渴vi.渴望；口渴devour[dɪ'vaʊə(r)]vt.狼吞虎咽地吃光；吞没，毁灭；全神贯注地看equivalent[ɪˈkwɪvələnt]adj.相等的，相当的，等效的；等价的，等积的；[化学]当量的n.对等物；[化学]当量barrel['bærəl]n.桶；一桶之量；圆筒，活塞筒，滚筒；圆筒adj.桶状的vi.高速行驶vt.装进桶里，放进桶里cover['kʌvə(r)]vt.覆盖，遮蔽；采访，报导；涉及；包括n.盖子，覆盖物；（书等的）封面；隐蔽，遮蔽；（保险公司的）保险vi.代替；覆盖so far 到目前为止；迄今为止；到这点为止；仅到一定程度get at 得到；找到；责备；暗示dwindle['dwɪndl]vi.减少，变小，缩小；衰落，变坏，退化cure[kjʊə(r)]vt.治愈；矫正；解决；消除vi.受治疗；被加工处理n.治愈；药物；疗法；措施addiction[əˈdɪkʃn]n.入迷，嗜好；上瘾；吸毒成瘾；癖好steam driven 蒸汽动力的industrial[ɪnˈdʌstriəl]adj.工业的，产业的；从事工业的；供工业用的；来自勤劳的n.工业股票；工业工人revolution n.革命；彻底改变；旋转；运行，公转dense adj.密集的，稠密的；浓密的，浓厚的；愚钝的decline[dɪ'klaɪn]n.下降；（力量、健康、品格、权力、价值等的）衰退；下倾；（人、生命等的）衰退期vt.& vi.辞谢，谢绝（邀请等）vi.（道路、物体等）下倾；（太阳）落下；（在品格、价值上）降低；衰落，谢绝vt.谢绝，婉拒environmental[ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl]adj.（个人）环境的，由个人环境产生的，周围的；环境艺术的fossil['fɒsl]n.化石；僵化的事物；老顽固，食古不化的人；习语中保存的旧词adj.化石的；陈腐的，守旧的plentiful[ˈplentɪfl]adj.丰富的；富产的；丰饶的；充沛reserve[rɪ'zɜ:v]n.保存，储备，储存；[商]准备金，公积金；预备品；储藏量vt.储备；保留；预约vi.预订adj.保留的；预备的petroleum [pə'trəʊlɪəm]n.石油mineral['mɪnərəl]n.矿物；矿石；矿物质；汽水adj.矿物的，似矿物的diesel[ˈdi:zl]n.柴油机；柴油机机车（或船等）；柴油various[ˈveəriəs]adj.各种各样的；多方面的；许多的；各个的，个别的substance['sʌbstəns]n.物质，材料；实质，内容；[神]灵；（织品的）质地consume[kən'sju:m]vt.消耗，消费；耗尽，毁灭；吃光，喝光；烧毁generate['dʒenəreɪt]vt.形成，造成；产生物理反应；产生（后代）；引起proportion [prəˈpɔ:ʃn]n.比，比率；[数学]比例（法）；面积；相称，平衡vt.使成比例；使相称；使均衡majority[mə'dʒɒrətɪ]n.多数；（获胜的）票数；成年；法定年龄significant[sɪgˈnɪfɪkənt]adj.重要的；有意义的；有重大意义的；值得注意的n.有意义的事物；象征，标志reliance[rɪ'laɪəns]n.依靠，依赖；信任，信赖，信心；所信赖的人或物predict vt.预言，预测；预示，预告vi.预言，预示：预言某事，预言exhaust[ɪɡ'zɔ:st]vt.用尽，耗尽；使精疲力尽；排出；彻底探讨vi.排气n.（排出的）废气；排出；排气装置accessible[əkˈsesəbl]adj.易接近的；可理解的；易相处的；易感的estimate['estɪmət]n.估计，预测；报价，预算书；评价，判断vt.估计，估算；评价，评论；估量，估价vary['veərɪ]vi.变化；不同，偏离；[生]变异vt.使不同；使多样化；[音乐]变奏crisis['kraɪsɪs]n.危机；危难时刻；决定性时刻，紧要关头；转折点exceed vt.超过；超越；（在数量和质量等方面）胜过；越过…的界限vi.突出，领先conventional[kən'venʃənl]adj.传统的；习用的，平常的；依照惯例的；约定的access['ækses]n.入口，出口；接近，进入；增长；爆发vt.接近，进入；使用，接近，获取shale[ʃeɪl]n.[矿]页岩；泥板岩tar n.焦油，沥青，柏油；尼古丁；<口>水手，水兵release[rɪ'li:s]vt.释放；放开；发布；发行n.释放，排放，解除；释放令；公映的新影片，发布的新闻[消息]eventually[ɪˈventʃuəli]adv.终于，最后；竟；总归；终究horror[ˈhɒrə(r)]n.恐怖，可怕的事物；嫌恶，痛恨；讨厌的人或事；〈口〉非常丑恶result in 引起，导致，以…为结局；落得；致使destruction[dɪ'strʌkʃn]n.破坏，毁灭，消灭，灭亡，扑灭，驱除；摧毁；毁灭的原因，破坏手段；杀害melting adj.熔化的；融化的；溶解的；混合的melt vi.vt.熔化，溶解；逐渐融合；逐渐消失；感动，软化，感情上变得温和第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experiencecompanion[kəm'pænɪən]n.同伴；[天]伴星(=~star)；（用于书名）指南；同甘共苦的伙伴vt.同行；陪伴recommend[ˌrekə'mend]vt.推荐；劝告；使显得吸引人；托付vi.推荐；建议feedback n.反馈；反馈杂音；回复；自动调节interactive[ˌɪntərˈæktɪv]adj.互相作用的，相互影响的；[计]交互式的；互动的n.交互式视频设备unveil vt.揭去…的面罩；拉开…的帷幔；使公之于众；揭露vi.除去面纱（或覆盖物），揭幕；揭露出来，显露；公布；出台；推出conference[ˈkɒnfərəns]n.会议；讨论；（正式）讨论会；[工会、工党用语]（每年的）大会vi.举行或参加（系列）会议perform[pə'fɔ:m]vt.& vi.执行；履行；表演；扮演vt.工作；做；进行；完成vi.运行，表现sync[sɪŋk]n.同时，同步compose vt.组成，构成；调解；[印刷]排（字）；使安定vt.& vi.创作（乐曲、诗歌等）；为…谱曲vi.构图，构成essentially[ɪˈsenʃəli]adv.本质上，根本上；本来；大体上；基本上detect[dɪ'tekt]vt.查明，发现；洞察；侦察，侦查；[电子学]检波optimal[ˈɒptɪməl]adj.最佳的，最优的；最理想的recognition[ˌrekəgˈnɪʃn]n.认识，识别；承认，认可；褒奖；酬劳rhythm[ˈrɪðəm]n.[诗]节奏，韵律；[医]节律，规律；[乐]节拍；[艺]调和tempo['tempəʊ]n.[乐]速度，拍子；（运动或活动的）速度，进度；（下棋的）一着，一步analyze['ænəlaɪz]vt.<美>分析；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析candidate[ˈkændɪdət]n.报考者；申请求职者；攻读学位者；候选人alert[ə'lɜ:t]adj.警觉的，警惕的，注意的；思维敏捷的；活泼的n.警报；警戒状态vt.向…报警volume[ˈvɒlju:m]n.量，大量；体积；音量；卷；数额，书籍；合订本adj.大量的vt.把…收集成卷inspire[ɪn'spaɪə(r)]vt.鼓舞；激励；赋予灵感；启迪vi.吸，吸入commercialize[kə'mɜ:ʃəlaɪz]vt.（尤指不择手段地）利用…牟利，商业化exclusive[ɪk'sklu:sɪv]adj.专用的；高级的；排外的；单独的n.独家新闻；专有物；独家经营的产品（或项目、设计等）；排外者license['laɪsns]n.许可证，执照；特许vt.同意；发许可证entertain[ˌentə'teɪn]vt.热情款待；使有兴趣；抱着，怀有；考虑vi.热情款待enhance[ɪn'hɑ:ns]vt.提高，增加；加强第二十篇Explorer of Extreme Deepextreme[ɪk'stri:m]adj.极端的，过激的；极限的，非常的；末端的；（政治上）急进的n.极端；困境；[数]极限值；[常用复数]在两末端的事物fraction[ˈfrækʃn]n.[数]分数；一小部分，些微；不相连的一块，片段；[化]分馏institution[ˌɪnstɪˈtju:ʃn]n.（大学、银行等规模大的）机构；惯例，制度，规定，建立；社会事业机构；<口>名人，名物vehicle [ˈviːɪk(ə)l]n.车辆；交通工具；传播媒介，媒介物；[药]赋形剂submersible[səbˈmɜ:səbəl]n.潜水器，深潜器，潜艇；潜水的；水下使用的expedition[ˌekspəˈdɪʃn]n.考察，远航；考察队，远征军；（短途的）旅行；迅速（办理）marine[mə'ri:n]adj.海的；海产的；海军的；海事的n.水兵；海军陆战队士兵；海事，海运业geologist[dʒiˈɒlədʒɪst]n.地质学家，地质学者director[də'rektə(r)]n.主管，主任；董事，理事，经理；负责人，监督者；导演total['təʊtl]adj.总计的（金额等）；全部的；完全的；绝对的n.总计，总数；全体数量vt.& vi.总计达，计算…的总数even more 更；越发；愈加；还take sth/sb for granted 把...视作理所应该；把...作为想当然arrangement[əˈreɪndʒmənt]n.安排，料理，筹备，预备；整顿，整理，排列，布置，分类；商定，约定，协议；调解，和解maneuverable[mə'nu:vərəbəl]adj.容易操作的，有机动性的for one thing 首先；一方面overlap[ˌəʊvə'læp]n.重叠部分；覆盖物，涂盖层；[数]交叠，相交vt.重叠；与…部分相同vi.互搭，重叠；部分相同；[数]有与…共同的某物ascend[ə'send]vt.攀登；继承；占领vi.上升；爬坡；追溯descend[dɪ'send]vt.下来；向下倾斜，向下延伸；遗传下来；来自，来源于vi.(from)起源（于）；是…的后裔；(on)袭击；(to)把身份降至aspect['æspekt]n.方面；面貌；方位，方向；形势第二十一篇Plant Gasmethane[ˈmi:θeɪn]n.<化>甲烷，沼气decade[ˈdekeɪd]n.十年，十年间；十个一组；十年期geochemist[dʒi:ɒ'kemɪst]n.地球化学家assume[ə'sju:m]vt.取得（权力）；承担，担任；假设，假定；呈现oxygen['ɒksɪdʒən]n.[化]氧，氧气previous[ˈpri:viəs]adj.先前的；以前的；过早的；（时间上）稍前的adv.在先，在…以前microbe[ˈmaɪkrəʊb]n.微生物，细菌trap[træp]vt.诱骗；使受限制；困住；使（水与气体等）分离n.圈套；（对付人的）计谋；（练习射击用的）抛靶器；（捕捉动物的）夹子vi.设陷阱；装捕捉机；设圈套contribute[kən'trɪbju:t]vt.& vi.贡献出；捐赠（款项）；投稿（给杂志等）；出力；促成；是导致....的原因chamber['tʃeɪmbə(r)]n.室，卧室，会客室；内庭；[多用于英国]律师的办公室；议事厅vt.限制，幽禁，封闭或限制；使备有房间concentration[ˌkɒn snˈtreɪʃn]n.集中；专心；关注；浓度degree[dɪˈgri:]n.[乐]音阶，度；[数]度，度数；程度；学位celsius[ˈselsiəs]n.摄氏adj.摄氏的gram[ɡræm]n.绿豆；鹰嘴豆；绿豆种子；克nanogram['neɪnəgræm]n.毫微克roughly[ˈrʌfli]adv.粗略地；大体上；大致上；粗暴地tissue[ˈtɪʃu:]n.薄纸，棉纸；[生]组织；一套tripled v.（使）增至三倍expose[ɪk'spəʊz]vt.揭露，揭发；使暴露；使遭受；使曝光bacteria[bæk'tɪərɪə]n.细菌(bacterium的名词复数)observation[ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃn]n.观察；观察力；注意；观察报告；观察记录，评论assess[ə'ses]vt.评定；估价；对（财产、收入等）进行估价（作为征税根据）；确定（损害赔偿金、税款、罚款等）的金额第二十二篇Snowflakessnowflake['snəʊfleɪk]n.雪花，雪片confirm vt.[法]确认，批准；证实；使有效；使巩固examine[ɪɡ'zæmɪn]vt.检查，调查；考试；诊察；审问vi.检查；调查septillion[sepˈtɪljən]n.（美、法）一千的八次方，（英、德）百万的七乘方confident[ˈkɒnfɪdənt]adj.确信的，深信的；有信心的，沉着的；大胆的，过分自信的；厚颜无耻的n.知己；心腹朋友flaky[ˈfleɪki]adj.薄片的；成片的；薄而易剥落的；<美俚>极古怪的crystalline['krɪstəlaɪn]adj.水晶的；似水晶的；结晶质的；清澈的n.结晶性，结晶度lattice['lætɪs]n.格子框架；类似格子框架的设计vt.把…制成格子状；用格子覆盖或装饰crystal['krɪstl]n.结晶（体）；晶体；水晶；水晶饰品adj.水晶的；水晶般的；透明的；清楚的column[ˈkɔləm]n.纵队，列；圆柱acquire[ə'kwaɪə(r)]vt.获得，取得；学到symmetry['sɪmətrɪ]n.对称；对称美；整齐，匀称blossom['blɒsəm]n.花，群花；开花时期，（发育的）初期；兴旺时期vi.（植物）开花；繁荣，兴旺；长成sprout[spraʊt]vi.发芽；抽芽vt.使发芽；使生长n.幼芽，新梢；[植]球芽甘蓝；幼苗状物，年轻人；美俚〉后代a matter of 大约，大概ornate[ɔ:ˈneɪt]adj.装饰华丽的；（文体）绚丽的；矫揉造作的appearance[əˈpɪərəns]n.外貌，外观；出现，露面；[哲]现象humidity[hju:ˈmɪdəti]n.（空气中的）湿度；潮湿，高温潮湿；湿热；[物]湿度intricate[ˈɪntrɪkət]adj.错综复杂的；难理解的；曲折；盘错molecule[ˈmɒlɪkju:l]n.分子；微小颗粒vapor['veɪpə]n.水汽，水蒸气，无实质之物；自夸者；幻想[药]吸入剂[古]忧郁（症）v.自夸，（使）蒸发speck[spek]n.污点；微粒vt.使有斑点bop[bɒp]n.波普爵士乐；一击，一掴；防喷器vt.跳舞；击，打；[俚] 去toss[tɒs]vt.& vi.（轻轻或漫不经心地）扔；（使）摇荡；摇匀；（为…）掷硬币决定n.掷硬币决定；向上甩头；猛仰头（尤指表示恼怒或不耐烦）；（尤指比赛或游戏中）投掷span[spæn]n.共轭（马、骡）；跨度，墩距；一段时间；[航] 跨绳vt.缚住或扎牢；跨越时间或空间；以掌测量；以手围绕测量类似测量manufacture[ˌmænjʊ'fæktʃə(r)]vt.制造，生产；捏造，虚构；加工；从事制造n.制造；制成品，产品；工业，工厂；（文学作品等的）粗制滥造identical[aɪˈdentɪkl]adj.同一的；完全同样的，相同的；恒等的；同卵的n.完全相同的事物；同卵双胞slight[slaɪt]adj.微小的；细小的；不结实的；无须重视的n.轻蔑，忽视，冷落vt.轻蔑，忽视，怠慢profile['prəʊfaɪl]n.侧面，半面；外形，轮廓；[航]翼型；人物简介vt.描…的轮廓；给…画侧面图；为（某人）写传略；[机]铣出…的轮廓第二十三篇Powering a City? It’s a Breezegraceful[ˈgreɪsfl]adj.优美的，优雅的；雅致的，美好的；得体的；飘逸windmill['wɪndmɪl]n.风车；旋转玩具；<口>直升飞机landscape ['lændskeɪp]n.风景；风景画；乡村风景画；地形vt.对…做景观美化，给…做园林美化；从事庭园设计vi.美化（环境等），使景色宜人；做庭园设计师symbol['sɪmbl]n.象征；标志；符号；记号vt.用符号代表tulip['tju:lɪp]n.郁金香yield[ji:ld]vt.屈服，投降；生产；获利；不再反对vi.放弃，屈服；生利；退让，退位n.产量，产额；投资的收益；屈服，击穿；产品frontier['frʌntɪə(r)]n.边疆，边境；边界，边缘；尚待开发的领域adj.边疆的，边界的；新垦地的，边地的；开拓的urban['ɜ:bən]adj.都市的；城镇的；城市的rooftop n.屋顶；from the rooftops 公开宣布；使尽人皆知rural[ˈruərəl]adj.乡下的，农村的；田园的；地方的；农业的counterpart[ˈkaʊntəpɑ:t]n.配对物；副本；相对物；极相似的人或物direction n.方向，指南；指挥，指导，管理；用法说明，指示，命令，吩咐；导演，（乐队）指挥pattern['pætn]n.模式；花样，样品；图案；榜样，典范vt.模仿；以图案装饰vi.形成图案prototype['prəʊtətaɪp]n.原型，雏形，蓝本deployment[dɪ'plɔɪmənt]n.部署；调度current['kʌrənt]adj.现在的；最近的；流行的；流传的n.趋势；电流；水流；涌流electricity[ɪˌlek'trɪsətɪ]n.电力；电流，静电；高涨的情绪；紧张commercial[kəˈmə:ʃəl]adj.商业的；贸易的；营利的；靠广告收入的n.（电台或电视播放的）广告crane[kreɪn]n.吊车，起重机；鹤vt.& vi.伸长，探头vi.迟疑，踌躇pioneer[ˌpaɪə'nɪə(r)]n.拓荒者；开发者；先驱者；创始者n.拓荒者；开发者；先驱者；创始者concern[kənˈsɜ:n]vt.涉及，关系到；使关心，使担忧；参与n.关心；关系，有关；顾虑；公司或企业potential [pəˈtenʃl]adj.潜在的，有可能的；[语法学]可能语气的，表示可能性的；有能力的n.潜力，潜能；[物]电位，势能；潜能的事物；[语]可能语气skyscraper['skaɪskreɪpə(r)]n.摩天大楼，超高层大楼；特别高的东西hectic[ˈhektɪk]adj.繁忙的，忙乱的；兴奋的，狂热的；（因患肺病等）发烧的；患热病的n.肺病热患者；[医]潮红portable[ˈpɔ:təbl]adj.手提的；轻便的n.手提式打字机第二十四篇Underground Coal Fires—a Looming Catastropheloom[lu:m]n.织布机，织布法；若隐若现的景象；桨柄；[航]翼肋腹部vi.& link-v.朦胧出现vi.隐约地出现；赫然耸现；迫在眉睫catastrophe[kə'tæstrəfɪ]n.大灾难；惨败；悲剧的结局；地表突然而猛烈的变动，灾变threaten['θretn]vt.& vi.预示（某事）；恐吓；危及；预示凶兆vi.似将发生；威胁largescale[lɑ:d'ʒeskeɪl]大规模的，大型的，（地图）大比例的blaze[bleɪz]n.火焰；光辉；爆发；光彩vi.猛烈地燃烧；发光，照耀vt.在树片上刻痕指示（道路等）；公开宣布vegetation[ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃn]n.植物（总称），草木；[医]赘生物，增殖体；无所作为的生活，单调的生活；[植]营养体生长，发育ignite[ɪɡ'naɪt]vt.点燃；使燃烧；使激动；使灼热vi.点火；燃烧annual [ˈænjuəl]adj.每年的；一年的；[植物]一年生的n.年刊；一年生植物association[əˌsəʊʃɪ'eɪʃn]n.协会，社团；联合，联系；联想poisonous [ˈpɔɪzənəs]adj.有毒的；有害的；恶意的；<口>讨厌的element['elɪmənt]n.[化]元素；要素；原理；[电]电阻丝；成分；组成部分arsenic [ˈɑ:snɪk]n.砷；三氧化二砷，砒霜adj.砷的，含砷（主要指五价砷）的mercury[ˈmɜ:kjəri]n.[化]汞，水银；[天]水星；温度表；精神，元气pollute[pə'lu:t]vt.污染；玷污，亵渎；破坏（品性），使堕落combination[ˌkɒmbɪ'neɪʃn]n.合作；密码组合；联合体；排列spontaneous[spɒnˈteɪniəs]adj.自发的；自然的；天然产生的；无意识的stockpile['stɒkpaɪl]n.（原料，食品等的）储备，准备急用的备用原料或物资，贮存；资源，富源，矿藏量；（为战争准备的）核武器vt.大量贮备abandon[ə'bændən]vt.放弃，抛弃；离弃，丢弃；使屈从；停止进行，终止n.放任，放纵；完全屈从于压制economy[ɪ'kɒnəmɪ]n.节约；经济；理财；秩序delegate['delɪɡət]n.代表，代表团成员vt.委派代表；授权给；[法律]债务转移analysis[əˈnæləsɪs]n.分析，分解；梗概，要略；[数]解析；验定impact['ɪmpækt]n.碰撞，冲击，撞击；影响；冲击力vt.挤入，压紧；撞击；对…产生影响vi.冲撞，冲击；产生影响underway adj.在进行中的；起步的；[航]在航行中的adv.进行中n.在航；水底通道fume[fju:m]n.烟气，烟雾；愤怒，烦恼vi.冒烟；发怒vt.用烟熏；烘制（木材等）regional adj.地区的，区域的；特定区域的，特定地区的；方言的；区域性detect[dɪ'tekt]vt.查明，发现；洞察；侦察，侦查；[电子学]检波monitor['mɒnɪtə(r)]n.显示屏，屏幕；[计]显示器；监测仪；监控人员，班长vt.监控，监听；搜集，记录；测定；监督vi.监视ultimately[ˈʌltɪmətli]adv.最后，最终；基本上；根本emit[ɪ'mɪt]vt.发出；发射；颁布；发表；排放；散发grout[ɡraʊt]n.薄泥浆，水泥浆vt.用薄泥浆填塞，（猪等）用鼻子拱mortar ['mɔ:tə(r)]n.迫击炮；砂浆；房产；研钵crevice[ˈkrevɪs]n.（尤指岩石的）裂缝，缺口supply[sə'plaɪ]vt.供给；补充；弥补（缺陷、损失等）；向…提供（物资等）n.供给物；储备物质；粮食第二十五篇Eat to Livemeager['mi:gə]adj.瘦的；粗劣的；不足的；贫乏的diet['daɪət]n.日常饮食；规定饮食vt.& vi.（使）节制饮食vi.节食；进规定饮食hang on to 继续保留；紧紧抓住vigor['vɪgə]n.<美>（法律上的）效力；智力；（语言等的）气势；（动，植物的）强健colleague ['kɒli:ɡ]n.同事；同僚；同行gene[dʒi:n]n.<生>基因；遗传因子liver['lɪvə(r)]n.肝脏；（食用）肝；深赤褐色；生活者adj.肝味的；深赤褐色的genetic [dʒəˈnetɪk]adj.遗传的；基因的；起源的，起因的；演变的rejuvenation [rɪˌdʒu:və'neɪʃn]n.返老还童；恢复活力；回春；复壮reverse[rɪ'vɜ:s]vt.& vi.（使）反转；（使）颠倒；掉换，交换；[法]撤消，推翻vi.倒退；adj.反面的；颠倒的；倒开的；[生]倒卷的n.倒转，反向；[机]回动；倒退；失败damage['dæmɪdʒ]vt.& vi.损害，毁坏n.损害，损毁；赔偿金metabolize[mə'tæbəlaɪz]vt.使发生新陈代谢toxin[ˈtɒksɪn]n.毒素；毒质inflammation[ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn]n.[医]炎症；燃烧；发火kick in 开始起作用indication [ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn]n.指示；象征；表明；标示institute['ɪnstɪtju:t]vt.建立；制定；开始；着手n.协会；学会；学院；（教育、专业等）机构restriction[rɪ'strɪkʃn]n.限制，限定；拘束，束缚；管制attract[ə'trækt]vt.吸引；诱惑；引起…的好感（或兴趣）vi.具有吸引力；引人注意tempt[tempt]vt.引诱，怂恿；吸引；冒…的风险；使感兴趣vi.有吸引力tradeoff n.（公平）交易，折衷，权衡；交换restaurant['restrɒnt]n.饭店；餐馆；饭馆；菜馆lifespan[ˈlaɪfspæn]n.（人或动物的）寿命；存在期；使用期；有效期genetics[dʒəˈnetɪks]n.遗传学calorie['kælərɪ]n.大卡；千卡（食物所产生的能量单位）；卡路里；卡（热量单位）第二十六篇Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differentlyaviation[ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn]n.航空；飞行术，航空学；飞机制造业；[集合词]飞机flaw n.瑕疵，缺点；错误；缺陷identify[aɪ'dentɪfaɪ]vt.识别，认出；确定；使参与；把…看成一样vi.确定；认同in terms of 根据；按照involve[ɪn'vɒlv]vt.包含；使参与，牵涉；围绕，缠绕；使专心于policy['pɒləsɪ]n.政策；策略；保险单；策略性established[ɪˈstæblɪʃt]adj.已建立的；已设立的；已制定的；确定的v.建立( establish 的过去式和过去分词)；确定；[植物学]使（植物）定植；使成为contributor[kənˈtrɪbjətə(r)]n.贡献者；捐助者；投稿者；原因之一mature[mə'tʃʊə(r)]adj.（人、树木、鸟或动物）成熟的；仔细考虑过的；到期（应该支付）的；成年人的vi.成熟，长成；（票据等）到期vt.使…成熟；使…长成；慎重拟定（计划等）gender['dʒendə(r)]n.性；性别extract['ekstrækt]vt.提取；（费力地）拔出；选取；获得gather[ˈgæðə(r)]vt.收集；聚集，搜集；收紧，收缩；采集vi.逐渐增加，积聚n.聚集；衣褶certificate[sə'tɪfɪkət]n.证明书；文凭，结业证书vt.发给证明书；用证书证明（或认可）categorize['kætəɡəraɪz]vt.把…归类，把…分门别类code n.[计算机]编码；代号，密码；法典；[生]遗传（密）码；行为准则；规则vt.将…译成电码；编码，加密vi.为…编码；指定遗传密码run out 用完；耗尽；跑出去；到期gear[ɡɪə(r)]n.齿轮；装置，工具；传动装置vi.接上；调和vt.使适应；装上齿轮；用齿轮连接stall[stɔ:l]n.货摊；托辞；畜栏；（房间内的）小隔间vt.& vi.（使）熄火，（使）停止转动vi.拖延vt.搪塞；暂缓；搁置；停顿kinetics[kɪ'netɪks]n.动力学guilty['ɡɪltɪ]adj.内疚的；有罪的inattentive[ˌɪnəˈtentɪv]adj.不注意的；疏忽的，漫不经心的；松散；粗疏visibility[ˌvɪzəˈbɪləti]n.能见度；可见性；可见距离；清晰度defect['di:fekt]n.瑕疵，毛病；欠缺，缺点vi.叛逃；背叛第二十七篇Driven to Distractionstretch[stretʃ]vt.伸展；张开；充分利用；使紧张n.伸展；延伸；紧张；弹性vi.伸展；伸开adj.可伸缩的；弹性的interstate[ˈɪntəsteɪt]adj.<美>洲际的give way to 让位于urban['ɜ:bən]adj.都市的；具有城市或城市生活特点的；市内congestion[kənˈdʒestʃən]n.拥挤，堵车；阻塞；充血；（人口）过剩，稠密brake n.制动器，闸；刹车；阻碍pedestrian[pəˈdestriən]n.步行者；行人adj.徒步的；平淡无奇的；一般的；平庸的demonstrate['demənstreɪt]vt.证明，证实；论证；显示，展示；演示，说明vi.示威游行simulator['sɪmjʊleɪtə(r)]n.模拟装置，模拟器guidance[ˈgaɪdns]n.指导，引导；导航；领导audible[ˈɔ:dəbl]adj.听得见的distract [dɪ'strækt]vt.使分心；使混乱offset['ɒfset]vt.抵消；补偿；vi.形成分支，长出分枝；装支管n.开端；出发；平版印刷；抵消，补偿adj.分支的；偏（离中）心的；抵消的；开端的respond[rɪ'spɒnd]vt.& vi.回答，响应vi.作出反应，响应；回报或回复auditory [ˈɔ:dətri]adj.听觉的，听觉器官的n.听众；礼堂visual['vɪʒʊəl]adj.视觉的，看得见的；光学的，视力的；形象化的；光学的n.画面，图象cue[kju:]n.暗示，提示；线索；[台]球杆；情绪，心情vt.把…插入演出；给…暗示mental[ˈmentl]adj.内心的，精神的，思想的，心理的；智慧的，智[脑]力的；〈口〉精神病的，意志薄弱的，愚笨的n.精神病患者preliminary[prɪˈlɪmɪnəri]adj.初步的，初级的；预备的；开端的；序言的n.准备工作；预赛；初步措施；（对学生等的）预考navigational [ˌnævɪ'ɡeɪʃənl]adj.航行的，航海的display[dɪˈspleɪ]n.展览，陈列；陈列品，展览品；显示器；炫耀vt.显示；陈列；展开，伸展；夸示，炫耀vi.（计算机屏幕上）显示prescribed[prɪ'skraɪbd]adj.规定的，法定的prescribe vt.指定，规定；指定，规定vi.建立规定，法律或指示；开处方，给医嘱frustrate[frʌ'streɪt]vt.挫败；阻挠；使受挫折adj.无益的，无效的route[ru:t]n.路；（公共汽车和列车等的）常规路线；航线；渠道，途径vt.按某路线发送；给…规定路线[次序，程序]broad[brɔ:d]adj.宽的；辽阔的，广袤的；广泛的，一般的；粗俗的，猥亵的n.宽大扁平的部分；〈俚语〉女人adv.充分的，完全的modify['mɒdɪfaɪ]vi.被修饰；修改vt.改变；减轻，减缓；[语]修饰，（用变音符号）改变survey['sɜ:veɪ]vi.测量土地vt.调查；勘测；俯瞰n.调查（表），调查所，测量，测量部，测量图；概观，检查，鉴定书；环顾style[staɪl]n.方式；样式；时髦；仪表，品位vt.设计；称呼；为…造型vi.使符合流行式样；用刻刀作装饰画classic['klæsɪk]adj.典型的；传统式样的；著名的；有趣的n.文豪；文学名著；优秀的典范第二十八篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memoriesacademy[ə'kædəmɪ]n.专科学校；学会，学院；一般的高等教育；私立学校，学术团体stow[stəʊ]vt.装，装载；收藏；使暂停；堆装rat n.大老鼠；似鼠动物；<非正式>鼠辈，卑鄙小人vi.捕鼠；<俚>背叛，告密electrical[ɪˈlektrɪkl]adj.用电的，与电有关的，电学的；令人激动的，紧张的，惊人的activity[æk'tɪvətɪ]n.活动；活跃，敏捷；活动力；教育活动emanate['eməneɪt]vi.发出，散发；放射；起源somatosensory[ˌsəʊmətəʊ'sensərɪ]adj.（耳、目、口等以外的）体觉的neocortex[ˌniəuˈkɔ:teks]n.新（大脑）皮层；新皮质sensory [ˈsensəri]adj.感觉的，感受的，感官的；传递感觉的process[prə'ses]n.过程；工序；做事方法；工艺流程vt.加工；处理；审阅；审核vi.列队行进hippocampus[ˌhɪpə'kæmpəs]n.海马回；海马状突起；海马体oscillation[ˌɒsɪˈleɪʃn]n.振动；动摇；波动；<物>振荡intertwine[ˌɪntə'twaɪn]vt.缠结在一起；使缠结vi.纠缠；编结spindle['spɪndl]n.纺锤，纱锭；轴；细长的人或物；[生]纺锤体adj.像锭子的，绽子似的；细长的vt.装锭子于；长成细长茎；用纺锤形锉打眼vi.长得细长ripple['rɪpl]vt.& vi.使泛起涟漪；（把头发）弄成波浪形；使作潺潺声vt.在…上形成波痕vi.发出潺潺声n.涟漪，涟波；[物]涟波；涟波声，潺潺声；（头发等的）波浪形posit['pɒzɪt]vt.假定，设想，假设interplay[ˈɪntəpleɪ]n.相互作用；相互影响consolidation[kənˌsɒlɪ'deɪʃən]n.巩固；联合；合并；变坚固associate[ə'səʊʃɪeɪt]vt.（使）发生联系；（使）联合；结交；联想vi.联盟；陪伴同事glucose['ɡlu:kəʊs]n.[化]葡萄糖，右旋糖individual[ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl]adj.个人的；独特的；个别的n.个人；个体diabetes[ˌdaɪəˈbi:ti:z]n.<医>糖尿病；多尿症；中消suffer['sʌfə(r)]vi.受痛苦；受损害；变糟；变差vt.忍受；容忍；容许；遭受collaborator[kəˈlæbəreɪtə(r)]n.协作者，合作者；通敌者investigate[ɪn'vestɪɡeɪt]vt.调查；审查；研究vi.作调查administer[əd'mɪnɪstə(r)]vt.管理；治理（国家）；给予；执行vi.执行遗产管理人的职责；给予帮助；担当管理人tolerance[ˈtɒlərəns]n.宽容，容忍；限度；公差；耐药量，耐药性subject ['sʌbdʒɪkt]n.主题，话题；学科，科目；[哲]主观adj.须服从…的；（在君主等）统治下的shrinkage[ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ]n.收缩，皱缩，缩水；跌价；抽缩。

V 2014职称英语词典

+vacancyn．1．空，空缺2．空房间，空地3．(职位等)空缺，缺额*vacantadj．1．空的2．(职位等)空缺的3．茫然的，空虚的vacationn．1．假期，休假2．空出，腾出*vacuumn．真空*vagueadj．1．模糊的，不明确的2．说话含糊不清的vaguelyn．模糊地，茫然地+vainadj．1．自负的，得意的2．徒劳的，微不足道的in vain f徒劳，白费力、validadj．1．有根据的，正确的2．有效的valleyn．山谷，溪谷valuableadj．1．有价值的，贵重的2．有用的n．(pl.)贵重物品(尤指首饰)valuen．1．重要性，用途，用处2．价值3．评价vt．1．给…估价2．看重，珍视+valven．1．阀，活门2．真空管，电子管vann．1．有盖的货车，大篷货车2．(运动、事业等的)先锋，前驱vanishvi．1．消失，消散2．消逝，灭绝+vanityn．1．自负，虚荣2．空虚，虚幻vapo(u)rn．蒸气，雾气*variablen．变量adj．1．易变的2．可变的，可调节的variationn．1．变化，变动2．变种，变异varietyn．1．变化，多样化2．种种3．品种，变种a(wide)variety of：种种，多种多样variousadj．1．不同的，各种各样的2．多方面的varyv．1．有变化，相异2．改变，变更vasen．花瓶vastadj．1．巨大的，广大的2．大量的3．非常的vegetablen．蔬菜+vegetariann．素食者adj．吃素的+vegetationn．植物，草木vehiclen．1．交通工具，车辆2．工具，手段+veinn．静脉*veiln．面纱，面罩+velvetn．天鹅绒+vendorn．小贩，卖主+ventilatevt．使通风，使空气流通venturen．冒险(事业)vi．冒险vt．敢于大胆表示venuen．1．犯罪地点，审判地点2．(比赛、集会等的)举行地点*verbaladj．1．言辞的，有关语言的；在语言上的2．口头的3．逐字的，按照字面的+verdictn．1．(陪审团的)裁定2．判断，意见+vergen．边缘+versatileadj．1．多才多艺的2．多功能的3．反复无常的versen．诗句，诗versionn．1．形式，式样2．看法，说法3．版本，译本。

2014全国职称英语词汇(考试必看)汇编

职称英语词汇（含最易记错单词，常考固定搭配和短语、750个高频词汇及教材必备词汇）最易记错单词(职称英语考试必备)1) quite 相当quiet 安静地2) affect v 影响，假装effect n 结果，影响3) adapt 适应adopt 采用adept 内行4) angel 天使angle 角度转5) dairy 牛奶厂diary 日记6) contend 奋斗，斗争content 内容，满足的contex t 上下文contest竞争，比赛7) principal 校长，主要的principle 原则8) implicit 含蓄的explicit 明白的9) dessert 甜食desert 沙漠v 放弃dissert&nbs p;写论文10) pat 轻拍tap 轻打slap 掌击rap 敲，打11) decent 正经的descent n 向下，血统descend& nbsp;v 向下12) sweet 甜的sweat 汗水13) later 后来latter 后者latest 最近的lately adv 最近14) costume 服装custom 习惯15) extensive 广泛的intensive 深刻的16) aural 耳的oral 口头的17) abroad 国外aboard 上(船，飞机)18) altar 祭坛alter 改变19) assent 同意ascent 上升accent 口音20) champion 冠军champagne 香槟酒campaign 战役21) baron 男爵barren 不毛之地的barn 古仓22) beam 梁，光束bean 豆been have 过去式23) precede领先proceed 进行，继续24) pray 祈祷prey 猎物25) chicken 鸡kitchen 厨房26) monkey 猴子donkey 驴27) chore 家务活chord 和弦cord 细绳28) cite 引用site 场所sight 视觉29) clash (金属)幢击声crash 碰幢，坠落crush 压坏30) compliment 赞美complement 附加物31) confirm确认conform 使顺从32) contact 接触contract 合同contrast 对照33) council 议会counsel 忠告consul 领事34) crow 乌鸦crown 王冠clown 小丑cow 牛35) dose 一剂药doze 打盹36) drawn draw 过去分词drown 溺水37) emigrant 移民到国外immigrant 从某国来的移民38) excess n 超过exceed v 超过excel 擅长39) hotel 青年旅社hostel 旅店40) latitude 纬度altitude 高度gratitude 感激41) immoral 不道德的immortal 不朽的42) lone 孤独的alone 单独的lonely 寂寞的43) mortal 不死的metal 金属mental 神经的medal 勋章model 模特meddle 玩弄44) scare 惊吓scarce 缺乏的45) drought 天旱draught 通风，拖拉draughts& nbsp;(英)国际跳棋46) suite 一(套，批) suit 一套衣服47) assure 保证ensure 使确定insure 保险48) except 除外expect 期望accept 接受excerp t 选录exempt 免除49) floor 地板flour 面粉50) incident 事件accident 意外edu51) inspiration 灵感aspiration 渴望52) march 三月，前进match 比赛53) patent 专利potent 有力的potential 潜在的54) police 警察policy 政策politics 政治55) protest 抗议protect 保护56) require 需要inquire 询问enquire 询问acq uire 获得57) revenge 报仇avenge 为……报仇58) story 故事st o rey 楼层store 商店转59) strike 打stick 坚持strict 严格的60) expand 扩张expend 花费extend 延长61) commerce 商业commence 开始62) through 通过thorough 彻底的(al)though 尽管&nbs p;thought think 过去分词63) purpose 目的suppose 假设propose 建议64) expect 期望respect 尊敬aspect 方面inspe ct 视察suspect 怀疑65) glide 滑翔slide 使滑行slip 跌落66) steal 偷steel 钢67) strive 努力stride 大步走转68) allusion 暗示illusion 幻觉delusion 错觉elusion 逃避69) prospect 前景perspective 透视法70) stationery 文具stationary 固定的71) loose 松的lose 丢失loss n 损失lost lose 过去式72) amend 改正，修正emend 校正73) amoral unmoral immoral 同义不道德的74) capitol 大厦capital 首都转自75) casual 随便的causal 表原因的76) extend 延伸extent 长度extant 现存的77) inability 没能力disability 残疾78) personnel 人事personal 个人的79) statue 塑像statute 法令stature 身长stat us 地位80) widow 寡妇window 窗户81) socks 短袜stockings 长筒袜82) tax 税taxi 出租83) definite 不定的infinite 无限的84) grim 严酷的grime 污点85) crayon 蜡笔canyon 山谷86) recent 最近resent 生气87) phrase 短语phase 阶段88) mission 使命emission 散发，发射mansion 大厦89) vision 视觉version 译本90) gasp 上气不接下气grasp 抓住91) delicate 微妙的dedicate 献身92) idle 空闲的idol 偶像93) lapse 流逝elapse 消逝eclipse 日食94) rude 粗鲁的crude 天然的95) source 水源sauce 酱油saucer 茶托resour ce 资源recourse 求援96) sled (儿童)雪橇sledge 雪橇97) stripe 条纹strip 条trip 旅行98) vocation 职业vacation 假期evocation 召集revocation 撤回99) ardor 热情adore 崇拜adorn 装饰100) area区域era 时代101) resemble 象…… assemble v 集合，装配assembly集合，装配102) assume 假定resume 恢复103) attain 达到obtain 获得abstain 放弃104) award 授予reward 奖赏105) baggage (American English) luggage 行李106) badge 徽章bandage 绷带107) blade 刀刃bald 秃的bold 大胆108) bloom 开花blossom 开花(结果实) bosom 胸口109)blush 脸红flush 发红(脸)110) bride 新娘bribe 贿赂111) growl 咆哮howl 狼叫112) depress 使沮丧suppress 镇压oppress 压迫113) dime 一角dim 暗淡的114) dizzy 眼花缭乱dazzle 使眼花115) brown 褐色brow 眼眉blow 打击116) bullet 子弹bulletin 公117) carton 纸板盒cartoon 动画118) chivalry 骑士精神cavalry 骑兵队119) collar 领子cellar 地窖color 颜色120) vanish 消失evanish 使消失转121) intrude 入侵extrude 逐出detrude 推下122) contort 扭弯distort 弄弯retort反驳123) eminent 杰出的imminent 逼近的124) decline 下降recline 放置incline 倾斜125) exclaim 呼喊proclaim 宣布acclaim 欢呼declaim 朗诵126) edict 法令indict 控告127) perfuse 泼洒profuse浪费的128) reject 拒绝eject 逐出inject 注射deject 使沮丧129) literacy 识字literary 文学的literature 文学&n bsp;literal 文字的130) median 中央的，中线的medium 媒体131) expel 驱逐repel 反击132) rip 撕ripe 熟的133) wench 绞车wrench 扭伤144) confidant 知己confident 有信心的转自135) dine 吃饭diner 吃饭人dinning n 吃饭;dinner 晚饭136) dreg 渣滓drag 拖拉137) faint 失去知觉feint 佯攻138) imprudence 轻率impudence 无耻139) specie 硬币species 种类转140) hanger 钩子hangar 棚厂hunger 饥饿【职称英语考试】常考固定搭配和短语1. as regards 关于，至于2. as a rule 通常，照例3. as a result(of) 因此，由于4. as far as 远至，到……程度5. as for 至于，关于6. as follows 如下7. as if 好像，仿怫8. as good as 和……几乎一样9. as usual 像平常一样，照例10. as to 至于，关于11. as well as 除……外(也)，即……又12. aside from 除……外(还有)13. all but 几乎；除了……都14. all over 遍及15. all the time 一直，始终16. at a time 一次，每次17. at all 丝毫(不)，一点也不18. at all costs 不惜一切代价19. at all events不管怎样，无论如何20. at all times随时，总是21. at any rate 无论如何，至少22. at best 充其量，至多23. at first ?最初，起先24. at first sight 乍一看，初看起来25. at hand 在手边，在附近26. at home 在家，在国内27. at intervals 不时，每隔……28. at least 至少29. at last 终于30. at length 最终，终于31. at most 至多，不超过32. at no time 从不，决不33. at present 目前，现在34. at the cost of ?以……为代价35. all means 尽一切办法，务必36. account for 说明（原因等）37. allow for 考虑到38. arrive at 达成，得出39.?ask for 请求，要求40. aim at 瞄准，针对41. appeal to 呼吁，要求42. ask after 询问，问候43. attach to 附属于，隶属于44. a few 有些，几个45. as a matter of fact 实际情况，真相46. a little 一点，稍微，一些，少许47. by accident? 偶然48. by far? 最，……得多49. by itself? 自动地，独自地50. by means of? 用，依靠51. by mistake? 错误地，无意地52. by no means? 决不，并没有53. by oneself 单独地，独自地54. by the way? 顺便说说55. by way of经由，通过……方法56. for the present暂时，目前57. for the sake of为了，为了……的利益58. for the time being暂时，眼下59. back and forth来回地，反复地60. before long? 不久以后61. begin with ?从开62. break off? 断绝，结束63. break up? 中止，结束；打碎，折断64. break into? 闯入65. break through? 突破66. bring down? 打倒，挫伤；降低67. bring forward? 提出68. bring up? 教育，培养，使成长69. credit card? 信用卡70. due to? 由于，因为71. every now and then? 时而，偶尔72. except for 除了……外73. each other? 互相74. even if/though? 即使，虽然75. face to face? 面对面地76. from time to time? 有时，不时77. no matter 无论78. no more 不再79. no doubt 无疑，必定80. next door 隔壁81. the moment(that)? 一……就82. out of doors 在户外83. little by little 逐渐地84. in a hurry?? 匆忙，急于85. in case of假如，防备86. in a moment? 立刻，一会儿87. in a sense 从某种意义上说88. in a word简言之，总之89. in accordance with与……一致，按照90. in addition ?另外，加之91. in advance? 预先，事先92. in all总共，合计93. in any event无论如何94. in brief简单地说95. in charge of负责，总管96. in common共用的，共有的97. in consequence(of) 因此；由于98. in debt欠债，欠情99. in detail详细地100. in difficulty? 处境困难101. in effect实际上，事实上102. in general一般来说，大体上103. in favor of支持，赞成104. in front of 面对，在……前105. in half成两半106. in hand在进行中，待办理107. in honor of为庆祝，为纪念108. in line with与……一致109. in memory of纪念110. in no case决不111. in no time立即，马上112. in no way 决不?113. in order按顺序，按次序114. in other words换句话说115. in part部分地116. in particular特别，尤其117. in person亲自，本人118. in place of代替，取代，交换119. in practice在实践中，实际上120. in proportion to与……成比例121. in public公开地，当众122. in quantity大量123. in question正在谈论的124. in regard to关于，至于125. in return for作为对……报答126. in short简言之，总之127. in sight被见到；在望128. in spite of尽管129. in step with与……一致/协调130. in tears流着泪，在哭着131. in the course of在……期间/过程中132. in the distance在远处133. in the end最后，终于134. in the event of如果……发生，万一135. in the face of即使；在……面前136. in the first place首先137. in the future在未来138. in the least丝毫，一点139. in (the)light of鉴于，由于140. in the way挡道141. in the world究竟.到底142. in time及时143. in touch联系.接触144. in turn依次，轮流；转而145. in vain徒劳，白费力146. in demand 有需要，销路好147. on a large/small scale大/小规模地148. on account of由于149. on(an/the) average平均，通常150. on behalf of代表151. on board在船(车/飞机)上152. on business因公153. on condition that如果154. on duty上班，值班155. on earth究竟，到底156. on fire起火着火157. on guard站岗，值班158. on one's own独立，独自159. on purpose故意地160. on sale出售，廉价出售161. on schedule按时间表，准时162. on the contrary正相反163. on the grounds of根据，以……为由164. on the point of即将……的时刻165. on the road在旅途中166. on the side作为兼职/副业167. on the spot在场；马上168. on the whole总的来说，大体上169. on time准时170. once again再一次171. once in a while偶尔172. once more再一次173. once upon a time从前174. one another相互175. or else否则，要不然176. out of从……中；由于；缺乏177. out of breath 喘不过气来178. out of control失去控制179. out of date过时的180. out of order出故障的181. out of place不适当的182. out of sight看不见，在视野外183. out of the question毫无可能的184. out of touch不联系，不接触185. heart and soul 全心全意186. hand in hand手拉手，密切关联187. how about? ?……怎么样188. off duty下班189. over and over(again)一再地，再三地190. prior at在……之前191. rather than不是……(而是)192. regardless of不顾，不惜193. right away 立即，马上194. side by side肩并肩，一起195. sooner or later迟早，早晚196. step by step逐步地197. such as例如，诸如198. thanks to由于，多亏199. that is (to say)就是说，即200. to the point切中要害，切题201. under control处于控制之下202. under the circumstances这种情况下203. up to date在进行中204. up to多达；直到；胜任；取决于205. what if切合目前情况的206. what about怎么样207. word for word逐字的职称英语考试750个常考高频词汇1．abide by (=be faithful to; obey) 忠于；遵守2．be absent from.... 缺席，不在3．absence or mind (=being absent-minded) 心不在焉4．absorb (=take up the attention of) 吸引……的注意力（被动语态）；be absorbed in 全神注贯注于……近；be engrossed in; be lost in; be rapt in; be concentrated on; be focused on; be centered on5．(be) abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有6．access(to) （不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解7．by accident (=by chance, accidentally) 偶然地，意外。

2014年职称英语_国家教材精讲精练_阅读理解部分(理工类)文章精讲讲义

1.考试内容及试卷结构如下：
考试内容及试卷结构一览表
题型
材料内容
答题要求
题量
分值
第一部分Hale Waihona Puke 词汇选项(四选一)
15个句子
给出15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
15
15
第二部分
阅读判断
(三选一)
1篇短文(300～450词)
B.It twitched but gradually gained height.
C.It was twitched and broke down.
D.It landed not long after the test.
3.Which of the following is nearest to Peter Bentley’sview on the winged robot?
KristerWolff and Peter Nordin of Chalmers University of Technology (CUT.in Gothenburg,Sweden, built a winged robot and set abouttesting whetherit could learn to fly by itself, without any pre-programmed data on what flapping is or how to do it.
Feedback from the movement detector let the program work out which sets of instructions were best at producing lift. The mostsuccessful ones were paired upand “offspring”sets of instructionswere generated by swapping instructions randomly between successful pairs. These next-generation instructions were then sent to the robot and evaluated before breeding a new generation, and the process was repeated.

P 2014职称英语词典

*pacen．1．一步，步幅2．速度，步伐v．踱步，用步子测量keep pace with：保持一致Pacificadj．太平洋的packn．1．包，捆，包裹2．一群3．一组，一批v．1．包装，捆扎2．塞满，挤满packern．1．包装者，包装机2．打包商，包装业者packagen．1．包裹，行李2．包装用品vt．打包，包装*packetn．小包裹，小捆*pactn．1．协定，条约2．契约padn．1．垫子2．便笺簿3．缓冲器vt．填塞pagen．页，张pailn．桶，水桶painn．1．疼，痛苦2．(pl.)努力，劳苦take pains：刻苦，努力vt．使疼痛，使痛苦painfuladj．1．疼的，痛苦的2．费力的，费心的paintv．1．绘，画2．给…上油漆3．描绘n．1．绘画作品2．油漆3．颜料paintern．油漆匠，画家paintingn．绘画，油画pairn．1．一对，一双，一副2．一对男女(夫妇等)vt．使成对Pakistann．巴基斯坦paln．伙伴，好朋友*Pakistaniadj．巴基斯坦的n．巴基斯坦人palacen．宫殿，华丽大厦paleadj．1．淡的，暗淡的2．苍白的，灰白的*Palestinianadj．巴勒斯坦的，巴勒斯坦人的palmn．1．手掌，手心2．棕榈(树)+pamphletn．小册子pann．平底锅pandan．熊猫+paneln．1．方格，嵌板2．仪器板，仪表盘3．讨论小组panicn．／adj．恐慌(的)v．(使)恐慌*Panaman．巴拿马*pantn．喘气vi．喘气，气吁吁地说papern．1．纸2．报纸3．文章，论文4．考卷5．票据paperbackn．平装书，平装本parn．同等，同位paraden．／v．1．游行2．检阅paradisen．天堂+paradoxn．似非而是的论点+paragraphn．1．段，节2．(报刊的)短讯+paralleladi．1．平行的2．相似的n．1．平行线2．纬线，纬圈3．类似的事(或物、人、情况等) vt．与…平行parceln．包裹vt．打包*pardonn．／vt．原谅，饶恕，赦免parentn．1．父亲，母亲2．动(植)物的母体3．起源，根本+parentaladj．双亲的，为人父母的parkn．1．公园2．停车场v．停放(车辆)parliamentn．议会，国会+parsonn．牧师，神职人员partn．1．部分，局部2．一方3．职责，作用4．角色5．零件play a part in：1．起作用2．扮演角色take part in：参加vt．1．分，使分开2．断绝(关系)vi．1．分开，分叉2．断裂3．分手，断绝关系+partialadj．1．部分的2．不公平的3．偏爱…的participantn．参加者，参与者participatevi．1．参与，参加2．分享，分担participationn．参加，加入particlen．1．粒子，微粒2．极小量particularadj．1．特别的，不寻常的2．特殊的，独特的3．挑剔的4．细致的n．1．(pl.)细节，详情2．项目，一项in particular：特别，尤其particularlyadv．特别，尤其adv．部分地，在一定程度上partnern．1．合作者2．配偶partyn．1．社交聚会，宴会2．党，政党3．一组，一伙人passv．1．经过，超过2．通过，穿过3．度过4．传递pass away：去世pass on：传递，向前pass over：省略，忽略n．1．考试及格2．通行证，入场券3．关口．要隘passagen．1．通道。

2014职称英语-阅读理解含译

1.ASunshadeforthePlanet地球防晒霜Even with the best will in t, he world, reducing our carbon emissions is not goingtopreventglobalwarming.Ithasbecomeclearthatevenifwetakethe moststrongmeasurestocontrolemissions,theuncertaintiesinOurclimate modelsstillleaveopenthepossibilityofextremewarmingandrisesinsea level. At the same time, resistance by governments and special interest groups makesitquitepossiblethattheactionssuggestedbyclimatescientistsmight not be implemented soon enough.就算怀着最美好的愿望，仅仅减少二氧化碳的排放量还是不能制止全球变暖。

很明显，即便采取最强硬的措施来控制排放，气候的变化无常仍能导致极速变暖和海平面上升。

另一方面，受到政府和特殊利益群体的阻挠，气候学家往往不能将措施很快实施彻底。

Fortunately, if the worst comes to the worst, scientists still have a few tricks up their sleeves. For the most part they have strongly resisted discussing theseoptionsforfearofinvitingasenseofcomplacencythatmightthwart effortstotackletherootoftheproblem.Untilnow,thatis.Agrowingnumber of researchers are taking a fresh look at large-scale "geoengineering" projects that might be used to counteract global warming. "I use the analogy of methadone,"saysStephenSchneider,aclimateresearcheratStanfordUniversity inCaliforniawhowasamongthefirsttodrawattentiontoglobalwarming."If you have a heroin addict, the correct treatment is hospitalization, and a long rehab. But if they absolutely refuse, methadone is better than heroin."幸好，如果被逼上绝路，科学家们还有最后几招。

Q 2014职称英语词典

*qualificationn．1．资格，合格证2．限定条件qualifyvt．1．使合格，使具有资格2．限制，修饰vi．取得资格+qualitativeadj．1．质量的，质的2．定性的qualityn．1．质量2．品质，特性+quantitativeadj．1．数量的，量的2．定量的quantityn．1．量，数量2．(pl.)大量quarreln．／vi．争吵，吵架quartern．1．四分之一2．一刻钟3．地区，区域4．(pl.)住处5．(美元)两角五分+quartetn．四重奏，四重奏乐团queenn．1．女王，皇后2．(纸牌、国际象棋中的)王后*questv．／n．探索，寻找，追求questionn．1．问题，议题2．待解决的问题，难题3．疑问beyond／without question：没问题in question：正在考虑的out of the question：不可能vt．1．询问，审问2．怀疑*question(n)airen．问卷，诃查表*queuen．队，列vi．排队queue up：排队quickadj．1．快的，迅速的2．敏捷的，伶俐的3．性急的quicklyadv．快地，立刻地+quidn．咀嚼物，烟草块quietadj．1．安静的，安定的2．宁静的，娴静的vt．使安静，平定vi．平静下来quietlyadv．1．安静地，悄悄地2．平稳地，文静地quitvt．1．离开，退出2．停止，放弃vi．1．离开，迁出2．辞职quiteadv．1．完全地，非常2．相当，颇3．的确，真正地+quizn．1．小测验，小考2．猜谜或问答节目vt．1．进行测验2．盘问+quotan．定额，限额，分配额+quotationn．1．语录，引言2．引用3．报价quotevt．1．引用，援引2．报价vi．引用，引证。

S 2014职称英语词典

sackn．1．粗布袋2．解雇vt．解雇sacredadj．1．神圣的，宗教的2．严肃的，郑重的*sacriricen．1．牺牲(品)2．祭祀vt．1．牺牲，献出2．祭祀vi．祭祀sadadj．悲伤的，忧愁的+saddlen．鞍，马鞍sadlyadv．1．悲哀地，伤心地2．不幸地，可悲地safeadj．安全的n．保险箱+safeguardvt．保护，保卫n．保卫(措施)safelyadv．安全地，平安地safetyn．安全+sagan．1．家世小说2．英勇故事，冒险故事sailn．1．帆2．航行vi．1．航行2．启航3．翱游，飘vt．航行，飘过sailorn．水手，海员saintn．1．圣人2．(略作St．，用于人名、地名前)圣…saken．缘故，理由for the sake of：为了saladn．色拉(西餐中的一种凉拌菜)salaryn．工资，薪水salen．1．销售(额)2．廉价出售on sale：1．降价出售2．出售的，上市的加for sale：待售salesmann．售货员+salmonadj．橙红色的+salonn．1．大厅，客厅2．名流聚会+saloonn．1．大厅，会客厅2．酒馆saltn．盐，氯化钠vt．腌，盐渍saltyadj．盐的，咸的+salvagevt．1．抢救2．打捞n．救助(的财物)*salvationn．拯救，救助sameadj．相同的，一样的pron．同样的人或事all the same：仍然，照样地samplen．样品，标本vt．抽样检查sanctionn．1．认可，许可，批准2．支持，赞成3．制裁，处罚+sanctuaryn．1．神圣的场所2．圣城3．避难所，隐匿地sandn．1．沙子2．(pl．)沙滩，沙地sandwichn．三明治，夹肉面包vt．挤进，夹人*sandyadj．1．沙的2．不稳固的satelliten．1．卫星，人造卫星2．附庸国satisfactionn．满足，满意satisfactoryadj．满足的，满意的satisfyfvt．1．满足，满意2．符合be satisfied with：对…感到满意satisfyingadj．令人满意的，满足的，圆满的Saturdayn．星期六saucen．调味品，酱油saunan．蒸汽浴，桑拿浴*sausagen．香肠。

K 2014职称英语词典

keenadj．1．渴望的，热心的2．理解力强的，敏锐的，敏捷的keepvi．保持，坚持vt．1．使继续，使保持2．保有，保存3．阻止，防止4．供养，饲养5．经营，管理6．履行，遵循keep back：阻止，留下，隐瞒keep．．．from：使免于，使不能keep in mind：记住，不忘keep off：(使)不接近keep On：继续，反复地做keep up：继续下去，坚持．keep up with：跟上keepern．看守人，看护人，管理人，饲养员kettlen．水壶keyn．1．钥匙2．题解，答案3．键keyboardn．键盘kickv．／n．踢kidn．小孩，小伙子+kidnapn．／vt．诱拐，绑架，劫持+kidneyn．肾，腰子killvt．1．杀死2．扼杀，毁灭kilogram(me)n．千克，公斤kilometern．千米，公里kindadj．仁慈的友好的，亲切的，和蔼的n．种类a kind of：1．一种，一类2．几分all kinds of：各种各样的kingn．国王，君主kingdomn．1．王国2．领域，界kissv．／n．吻kitchenn．厨房*kiten．风筝kneen．膝，膝盖*kneelvi．跪(下)knifen．刀，小刀knightn．1．骑士，武士2．爵士+knitv．1．编织，针织2．使紧密结合knockv．1．敲，打2．碰撞knock down：1．撞倒，击倒2．拆卸(机器)knock out：1．敲，击2．撞击，打n．敲击(声)*knotn．1．结2．节，疤v．打结，捆扎knowvt．1．知道，认识2．会，掌握…的知识vi．知道，了解knowledge n．1．知识，学问2．知道，了解。

2014职称英语(A级)-阅读理解含译文

目录1.Batteries Built by Viruses (1)2.Putting Plants to Work (3)3.Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning (5)4.Don't Drink Alone Gets New Meaning (7)5." Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan (9)6.Clone Farm (11)7.Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety (13)8.Too Little for Global Warming (15)9.Renewable Energy Sources (17)10.Forecasting Methods (19)11.Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed (21)12.Small But Wise (23)13.Ants Have Big Impacton Environment as " Ecosystem Engineers " (25)14.Listening to Birdsong (27)15.Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking Upright (29)16.U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars (31)17.Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities (33)1.Batteries Built by Viruses病毒电池What do chicken pox, the common cold, the flu, and AIDS have in common?They're all disease caused by viruses, tiny microorganisms that can pass from person to person. It's no wonder that when most people think about viruses,finding ways to steer clear of viruses is what's on people's minds.水痘、普通感冒、流感和艾滋病有哪些相似之处呢？这些都是由病毒引起的疾病，病毒是能够在人与人之间传染的微生物。

2014年职称英语(理工类)50篇阅读理解答案总结背诵包括翻译

2014年职称英语（理工类）阅读理解中英文背诵模板含翻译第一篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict 文章名称问题答案World CrudeOil Production May Peak aDecade Earlier Than Some Predict 2.World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier ThanSome Predict （理C）1）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "sparked"appearing in paragraph 2?2）The term "a bell shaped curve" appearing in paragraph 2indicates that global oil production will3）Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?4）What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in thelast paragraph?5）Who develop the new version of the Hubbert mode!?2.World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier ThanSome Predict （理C）1）stimulated2）start to decline after global oil production peaks.3）It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4）It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014..5）Kuwaiti scientists.世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值2．世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值（理C）①下列__________和第二段中的点燃的意思最接近。

L 2014职称英语词典

labn．实验室labeln．标签，标记vt．贴标签于labo(u)rn．1．劳动，体力劳动2．工人，劳工vi．1．劳动，苦干2．费力地前进，吃力地行动lackv．／n．缺乏，缺少，短缺laddern．梯子，阶梯ladyn．1．夫人，女士2．(pl．)女盥洗室*lagn．落后，滞后vi．落后，走得慢laken．湖，湖泊lambn．1．小羊，羔羊2．羔羊肉+lameadj．瘸的，拐的vt．使跛，使腿瘸lampn．灯landn．1．陆地，地面2．土地，田地3．国家，国土v．使…着陆，登陆，靠岸landlordn．地主，房东landscapen．1．景色，风景2．风景画，风景照片lanen．1．小路，小巷2．车道，跑道languagen．语言*lanternn．灯笼lapn．1．膝部2．(跑道的)一圈largeadj．大的by and large：大体上，总的说来n．大[只用于短语]at large：1．大多数2．未被捕的largelyadv．大部分，主要地lasern．激光+lashv．1．鞭打，抽打2．猛击，猛烈甩动3．捆扎，绑紧n．1．抽打，鞭挞2．猛击，急打lastadj．1．最后的2．最近的，紧接前面的adv．最后(地)，上一次，最近一次at last：终于vi．持续，维持lateadj．1．迟的，晚的2．晚期的，末期的3．最近的，已故的adv．迟，晚latelyadv．最近，近来，不久前lateradv．后来，过一会儿later on：后来，过些时侯sooner or later：迟早+lateraladj．横向的，侧面的，旁边的Latinn．／adj．1．拉丁2．拉丁语(的)3．拉丁人(的)+latituden．纬度latteradj．1．后面的，末了的2．后一半的，接近终了的n．后者laughv．笑laugh at：嘲笑，因…而笑n．笑(声)laughtern．笑，笑声launchvt．1．使(船)下水2．发射(导弹)，投射3．发动，发起n．发射，(船)下水+laundryn．1．洗衣房(店)2．送洗的衣服，洗好的衣服+lavatoryn．厕所，盥洗室lawn．1．法律2．法规，法制3．定律。

2014年职称英语综合类ABC级讲义

2014年职称英语（综合类）考试辅导课程讲义目录概述 (4)一、词汇选项题精讲 (6)（一）解题技巧 (6)1、直接选 (6)2、解题原则 (7)3、查字典 (7)（二）例题讲解 (8)【第一组】 (8)【第二组】 (14)【第三组】 (16)【第四组】（自我检测） (18)【第五组】（自我检测） (21)【第六组】（自我检测） (24)2012年“词汇选项”例题讲解（A级） (28)2012年“词汇选项”例题讲解（B级） (32)2012年“词汇选项”例题讲解C级） (35)二、阅读判断题精讲 (37)（一）解题技巧 (37)1、题型介绍 (37)2、解题技巧 (37)3、解题步骤 (37)（二）例题讲解 (41)例题1 (41)例题2 (44)例题3 (47)例题4 (50)例题5 (54)三、概括大意与完成句子例题精讲 (58)（一）解题技巧 (58)1、题型介绍 (58)2、概括大意 (58)3、完成句子 (58)（二）例题讲解 (59)例题1 (59)例题2 (62)例题3 (64)四、阅读理解例题精讲 (68)（一）解题技巧 (69)3、问题类型及提问方式 (69)（二）例题讲解 (71)例题1. (71)例题2 (73)例题3 (78)例题4 (81)例题5 (83)例题6 (86)例题7 (89)例题8 (93)例题9 (96)例题10 (99)例题11 (102)例题12 (105)例题13 (108)例题14 (111)例题15 (114)例题16 (118)五、补全短文题精讲 (122)（一）解题技巧 (122)1、题型介绍 (122)2、解题思路 (122)3、关键词法 (122)（二）例题讲解 (123)例题1 (123)例题2 (124)例题3 (127)例题4 (129)例题5 (130)例题6 (132)例题7 (135)六、完形填空题精讲 (139)（一）解题技巧 (140)1、题型介绍 (140)2、解题思路 (140)3、解题方法 (140)（二）例题讲解 (140)例题1 (140)例题2 (144)例题3 (147)例题4 (151)例题5 (155)例题6 (158)例题7 (161)例题8 (164)综合C级完形填空 (179)第一篇：A Life with Birds (179)第二篇：A Lucky Break (182)第三篇：Global Warming (185)第四篇 A Success Story (186)综合C级阅读 (187)第一篇The Travels of Ibn Battuta (187)第三篇Shark Attack! (191)卫生类B级阅读理解（课本第29篇）“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning (196)概述广东外语外贸大学职业能力培训网开展的职称英语考试辅导，是以《全国职称英语等级考试用书（2013）》为基本依据，详细讲解教材各部分的重点和难点。

2014全国职称英语词汇(考试必看)

2014职称英语核心词汇表(最新)

try
设法
88
Especially
particularly
特别地
89
Eternal[i:'tə:nl]
Everlasting[evə'lɑ:stiŋ]
永恒的
90
Exhibit[iɡ'zibit]
show
表现，显示
91
Explore
Investigate [in'vestiɡeit]
调查
92
Explore
Lethal ['li:θəl]
致命的
69
Decent ['di:sənt]
Honest
正派的
70
Decide
make up one's mind
打主意
71
Deduce [di'dju:s]
Derive [di'raiv]
推出，演绎
72
Deliberately [dɪ'lɪbərɪtlɪ]
Intentionally [ɪn'tenʃənlɪ]
小心
42
cater for ['keitə]
meet
满足
43
Census ['sensəs]
count
人口普查，统计
44
Certain
Inevitable [in'evitəbl]
不可避免地
45
Change
Convert [kən'və:t]
兑换
46
Childish ['tʃaɪldɪʃ]
Immature [ɪmə'tjʊə]

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tablen．1．桌子2．表格tableclothn．桌布，台布*tabletn．1．片，药片2．匾额，门牌tacklevt．对付，处理n．1．用具，器具2．滑车+tacticaladj．1．机智的，老练的2．战术上的，战术性的tacticsn．战术，策略*tagn．标签，标牌tailn．1．尾巴2．后部，尾部vt．尾随，盯稍tailorn．裁缝vt．缝制，裁剪takevt．1．拿，取2．携带，带走3．花费，需要4．接受5．认为，当作6．抓住take after：相貌像某人，学某人的样子take apart：拆开take back：1．收回2．带回take care of：照顾take．．．down：记录，写下take for：误认为take in：1．欺骗2．接收take off：l．脱掉(服饰)2．起飞3．取消take on：承担take over：接管，接任take up：1．开始(从事于)2．占据(时间等) takeovern．1．(事业等的)接管，继承2．(经营权等的)接收talen．1．故事，传说2．谎言talentn．1．天赋，才能2．人才talentedadj．有天分的，有才干的talkn．谈话，演讲，讲话vt．谈论，讨论vi．讲话，交谈，谈话talladj．1．高的，身材高的2．有…高的+tanvt．使变褐色n．日晒后的肤色tankn．1．大容器，油箱，水箱2．坦克tapvt．1．轻叩，轻拍2．开发，利用n．塞子，龙头tapen．1．带子2．录音(录像)磁带vt．把…录于录音(或录像)磁带targetn．1．靶子，目标2．(嘲笑、批评、轻蔑等的)对象，目标3．拟达到的总数指标*tariffn．1．关税，税奉2．(旅馆、饭店等的)价目表，收费表taskn．任务，作业，工作tasten．1．滋味，味道2．味觉3．鉴赏力，审美力vt．1．尝，品尝2．体验，领略vi．尝起来有某种味道taxn．税(款)vt．对…征税+taxationn．1．课税，征税2．税金，税额，税收taxin．出租汽车taxpayern．纳税人tean．1．茶(叶)2．午后茶点teachv．1．教，讲授2．教训，告诫不要做某事teachern．教师，教员teachingn．1．教学，执教，任教，讲授2．(pl.)教诲，教义teamn．队，组tear1n．(pl．)眼泪tear2vt．1．撕裂，划破2．使…分裂vi．破裂，裂开+teasevt.／n．取笑，戏弄techn．技术专科学校technicaladj．1．技术(性)的，工艺的2．专门性的，专业性的*techniciann．技术员，技师techniquen．1．技巧，手艺2．技能，技术technologicaladj．1．技术的2．工艺的technologyn．工业技术，应用科学+tediousadj．单调的，乏味的，沉闷的teenageadj．青少年的(13—19岁)teenagern．(13—19岁的)青少年*telecommunicationn．电信telegramn．电报telegraphn．电报机v．打电报telephonen．电话vt．打电话*telescopen．望远镜televisionn．电视(机)*telexn．电传tellvt．1．讲，告诉2．告诫，劝告3．命令，指示4．辨别，分辨Tell from：区别，辨别tempern．1．脾气，情绪2．怒气，脾气急躁vt．使缓和，减轻be in a good／bad temper：心情好／不好keep one's temper：忍住性子lose oneo temper：发脾气+temperamentn．气质，性情，性格temperaturen．温度templen．庙宇，寺院+tempon．1．(行动、活动等的)节奏，速率2．(音乐)速度，拍子temporarilyadv．暂时地，临时地temporaryadj．暂时的，临时的temptvt．1．引诱，勾引2．吸引，引起…的兴趣*temptationn．1．引诱，诱惑2．迷人之物，诱惑物tennum．十tenantn．承租人，房客，占用者tendvt．照料，护理vi．易于，有某种倾向tendencyn．趋势，倾向*tenderadj．1．嫩的，柔软的2．脆弱的，纤细的3．温柔的，亲切的tennisn．网球*tenseadj．1．拉紧的，绷紧的2．紧张的tensionn．1．紧张2．张力，拉力tentn．帐篷adj．1．试探性的，尝试性的，暂时的2．犹豫不决的tenthadj．第十的n．第十个termn．1．学期2．期限，期间3．术语，措词4．(pl.)条款，条件vt．称为，叫做*terminaladj．1．末端的，终点的2．学期的，期末的3．晚期的，致死的n．1．终点(站)2．末端，终端3．(电脑的)终端机+terminatev．(使)终止，(使)结束*terminologyn．术语terracen．1．梯田2．平台，阳台+terrainn．地形，地势terribleadj．1．可怕的2．很糟的，极坏的terriblyadv．1．很，…得要死2．可怕地，极端地terrificadj．1．极好的，了不起的2．极大的，极度的*terrifyvt．吓唬，惊吓territoryn．1．领土，版图2．领域，范围terrorn．恐怖，惊恐n．恐怖主义(行为)*terroristn．恐怖主义者，恐怖分子terryn．毛巾布testn．／vt．试验，测试，检验testingn．试验，测试*testifyv．1．证实，作证2．证明。

表明*testimonyn．证言，证明textn．1．正文，文本2．原文3．教科书textbookn．教科书，课本*texturen．1．质地2．(材料等的)结构+textilen．纺织品，织物thanconj．比no more than：仅仅，只是thankvt．感谢n．(pl.)感谢thanks to：由于，多亏thatpron．那，那个conj．[引导名词性从句] pron．[引导定语从句] adv．那样，那么theart．这，那theatren．戏院，剧院theftn．偷窃，盗窃theirpron．[they的所有格]他(她、它)们的theirspron．[they的物主代词]他(她、它)们的(所有物)thempron．[they的宾格]他(她、它)们themen．话题，主题themselvespron．他(她、它)们自己(亲自)thenadv．1．当时，在那时2．然后，后来3．那么，就*theoreticaladj．理论的，理论上的theoryn．1．理论，原理2．意见+therapyn．诊疗，理疗therapistn．治疗师，理疗师thereadv．1．在那里，往那里2．在那方面，在那点上3．[与be连用，表示“有”]+thereafteradv．此后，其后，以后*therebyadv．借以thereforeadv．因此，所以thermometren．温度计thesepron．[-this的复数]这些+thesisn．论文theypron．他(她、它)们thickadj．1．厚的，粗的2．稠的，浓的3．浓密的，看不清的4．茂密的adv．厚厚地，浓浓地，密集地thicknessn．厚(度)，浓(度)thiefn．贼，小偷thinadj．1．细的，薄的2．瘦的3．稀薄的，淡薄的v．(使)变薄，(使)变细，(使)变稀thingn．1．物，东西2．事情，问题3．(pl．)所有物，用品4．(pl．)情况，事态thinkvt．1．认为，以为2．想要，打算vi．思考，认为thinkingn．1．思想，思考，思索2．意见，想法adj．思想的，有理性的thirstn．口渴thirstyadj．1．口渴的2．渴望的，渴求的thirteenhum．十三thirtyhum．三十thispron．这，这个+thornn．刺，棘thoroughadj．1．彻底的，完全的2．仔细周到的，精心的thoroughlyadv．完全地，彻底地，十足地thosepron．[that的复数]那些thoughadv．可是，然而，不过conj．尽管，虽然thoughtn．1．想法，看法2．思想，思维3．打算，意图thousandnum.／n．1．一千2．(pl.)许许多多，成千上万*threadn．1．线，细线2．思路，线索3．螺纹vt．穿(针、线等)threatn．1．威胁，恐吓2．凶兆，征兆threatenvt．威胁，恐吓threenum．三+thresholdn．1．起点，开端2．门槛*thriftn．节俭，节约+thrilln．1．一阵激动(恐惧)2．使人激动或毛骨悚然之物v．激动，(使)毛骨悚然*thrillern．惊险小说+thrivevi．繁荣，兴旺throatn．喉咙，咽喉*thronen．宝座，王位，王权throughprep．1．通过，穿过2．由于，经由3．自始至终，从头至尾adv．1．通过，穿过2．从头到尾3．彻底地，完全地4．(打电话)接通throughoutprep．遍及，贯穿adv．到处，自始至终throwvt．1．投，抛，扔2．摔落，摔倒+thrustvt．1．刺2．用力推(压)，冲，插入n．1．推进力2．意义，要旨3．刺，戳thumbn．拇指+thundern．雷，雷声vi．打雷，轰隆地响Thursdayn．星期四thusadv．1．因此，从而2．如此，这样+tickn．(钟表等的)滴答声ticketn．1．票，入场券，车票2．(交通违章)罚款传票tiden．1．潮，潮汐2．潮流，趋势tidyadj．整洁的，整齐的vt．使整洁，使整齐tievt．1．拴，扎，捆2．把…打结，系上n．1．领带，领结2．纽带，联系tigertightadj．1．紧的，紧身的，紧贴的2．(时间)紧的adv．紧紧地，牢牢地*tightenv．(使)变紧，(使)绷紧*tightlyadv．紧紧地，坚固地，牢固地*tilen．瓦，瓷砖tillprep．／eonj．直到(…为止)+tiltv．(使)倾斜n．倾斜，斜坡timbern．1．木材，木料2．森林3．梁timen．1．时间，时刻2．次，回3．时期4．倍，乘5．(pl.)时代all the time：一直at all times：无论何时，总是at a time：每次，一次at any time：在任何时侯at l20 time：决不，从不at the same time：1．同时2．但，然而at times：有时，不时for the time being：暂时from time to time：有时in time：及时地，迅速地in no time：立刻，很快on time：准时timetablen．1．时刻表，时间表2．课程表+timidadj．胆怯的，胆小的n．时间的掌握(安排、配合)tinn．1．锡2．罐头+tinklevi．叮当作响n．叮当声tinyadj．极小的，微小的tip1n．梢，末端，尖端…+tip2vt．1．倒，使倾泻2．使倾斜vi．倾斜tip3n．小费v．给小费tirev．(使)感到疲劳tiredadj．1．疲倦的，累的2．厌倦的，厌烦的*tiresomeadj．令人厌倦的，讨厌的tissuen．1．(生物的)组织2．轻而薄的纸titlen．1．标题2．头衔，称号toprep．1．[方向]向，往，至2．[动作对象、关系等]对，对于3．[对比、比例、选择]比，对4．[程度、范围]到，过5．EB寸间]在…之前，直到…为止toastv．1．提议为…祝酒(或干杯)2．烘烤n．1．祝酒(辞)2．烤面包tobaccon．1．烟草，烟叶2．烟草制品todayadv. ／n．1．今天2．现在，目前*toddlern．走路东倒西歪的幼儿toen．足尖，脚趾togetheradv．1．共同地，在一起2．相互，彼此3．一致地toiletn．厕所，洗手间+tokenn．1．标志，象征2．纪念品*tolerancen．忍耐(力)，忍受，容忍tolerantadj．忍受的，容忍的，宽容的*toleratevt．容忍，忍受，容许tolln．1．(道路、桥等的)通行费，使用费2．牺牲，损失3．死伤人数tomaton．西红柿tombn．坟墓tomorrown．明天adv．在明天tonn．吨(重量单位)tonen．1．音色，音调，语调2．色调3．气氛，调子tonguen．1．舌头2．语言，口语adv．／n．今晚，今夜tooadv．1．太，过于2．也，还tooln．工具，用具toothn．牙齿，齿toothachen．牙痛toothbrushn．牙刷toothpasten．牙膏topn．1．顶，上端，上部2．最上位，首位3．上面，盖子adj．1．最高的2．最优秀的vt．1．位…之首，居…之上2．高过，超过topicn．话题，主题+torchn．1．手电筒2．火炬，火把*tortoisen．乌龟*torturevt．／n．折磨，拷打*tossvt．1．投，扔，抛2．使颠簸n．1．投，扔，抛2．摇动totaladj．总的，全部的n．总数，总计vt．计算…的总和vi．总计，合计totallyadv．全部地，完全地vi．触摸，接触vt．1．触摸，碰到2．触动，感动3．提到，论及n．1．触觉2．触，触摸3．接触，联系4．少许，一点*touching p tAtll日／adj．动人的，感人的toughadj．1．牢固的，坚韧的2．难切的，咬不动的3．难做的，费力的4．严厉的tourv.／n．旅行tourismn．1．旅游，观光2．旅游业touristn．旅游者，观光者tournamentn．比赛，锦标赛toward(s)prep．1．朝，向2．接近3．关于，对于toweln．毛巾，手巾towern．塔，高楼vi．高耸townn．1．镇，市镇2．闹区，商业区toyn．玩具tracen．踪迹，痕迹vt．跟踪，追踪trackn．1．足迹，踪迹2．小径3．铁轨，轨道vt．跟踪，追踪*tractorn．拖拉机，牵引车traden．1．贸易，商业2．行业vt．用…进行交换，相互交换tradern．1．商人2．商船，贸易船traditionn．1．传统2．惯例，规矩traditionaladj．传统的trafficn．交通(量)tragedyn．悲剧，灾难tragicadj．悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的trailvt．跟踪，追踪n．1．足迹，痕迹2．小路trainn．1．火车，列车2．一连串，一系列vt．训练，培训*traineen．受训者trainingn．培训，训练，培养+traitn．特征，特点，特性+trampn．1．流浪汉2．长途跋涉3．重步声，脚步声vt．1．用沉重的脚步行走2．跋涉+tramplevt．践踏，毁坏，伤害transactionn．1．(业务等的)处理，处置，办理2．交易，业务，买卖transfervt．1．转移，转换2．转让，过户n．1．迁移，转移2．改乘，换车transformvt．使改观，使改变*transformationn．变形，变质．变化transistorn．晶体管(收音机)+transitn．通过，通行，中转，输送，运送transitionn．转变，变迁，过渡(时期) translatev．翻译translationn．1．翻译2．译文，译本translatorn．翻译家，译者(指笔译) transmissionn．1．传递，传送，播送2．传动装置transmissionn．传输*transmitvt．1．传递，传送2．播送，发射+transparentadj．1．透明的，透光的2．易理解的3．显然的，明显的*transplantvt．移植transportvt．运输，运送transportationn．1．运输2．运输系统(工具)trapn．1．陷阱2．诡计，圈套vt．1．设陷阱捕捉2．使陷入困境*trauman．1．外伤2．精神创伤travelvi．1．旅行2．行进，走3．运行，传播n．旅行travel(1)ern．旅行者，旅客+treadvi．1．行走于…，行走2．踏，践踏treasuren．财富，金银财宝，珍品vt．珍视，珍爱+treasurern．掌管钱财的人，司库treasuryn．1．宝库2．国库，金库3．文库treatv．1．对待，看待2．治疗3．招待n．款待，请客treatmentn．1．处理，对待，款待2．治疗treatyn．条约，协定treen．树*trekvi．作长途艰辛的旅行，缓慢前进n．长途艰苦的旅行+tremblevi．1．摇晃2．颤抖tremendousadj．1．巨大的，极大的2．绝好的，极棒的trendn．趋势，倾向vi．趋向，倾向+trenchn．沟，渠trialn．1．审判，审讯2．试验，试用*trianglen．三角，三角形*triben．部落，种族*tribaladj．部落的，种族的tribunaln．1．法院，法庭2．裁决trickn．1．花招，诡计2．恶作剧3．窍门vt．欺诈，哄骗*triggern．扳机vt．引起，激发起*trimVt.／n．修剪，整修(头发，树枝等) adj．整齐的tripn．短程旅行triumphn．胜利，成功vi．获胜，得胜，成功+trolleyn．1．手推车2．有轨电车troopn．1．一群2．(pl.)军队，部队n．1．优胜旗，优胜纪念品2．战利品，纪念品+tropicn．回归线tropicaladj．热带的troublen．1．麻烦，苦恼，困难2．故障3．功夫，费劲4．动乱，纷争vt．使烦恼，使苦恼，麻烦vi．费神，费力*troublesomeadj．令人烦恼的，麻烦的，讨厌的trousersn．裤子+troutn．鳟鱼truckn．卡车，载重汽车trueadj．1．真实的，诚实的2．真的，不假的3．正确无误的，准确的trulyadv．1．正确地，事实上2．真诚地trumpn．(纸牌戏中的)王牌trumpetn．喇叭，小号trunkn．1．树干2．躯干3．象鼻trustn．1．信任，信赖2．可信任的人(或物)3．委托，保管vt．1．相信，信赖2．委托，托付3．依靠，依赖n．1．事实，实情2．真实性3．真理tryvt．1．尝试，试2．审问vi.／n．尝试，努力try on：试穿，试用try out：试验，试用+tubn．盆，桶tuben．1．管2．管状物3．身体上的管状器官4．(英)地铁*tuckvt．1．折起，卷起2．把…塞进Tuesdayn．星期二+tuitionn．1．学费2．教学，讲授tulipn．郁金香(花)*tumblevi．1．摔倒，跌倒2．滚落3．翻筋斗vt．1．使摔倒2．弄乱n．1．翻滚2．混乱+tumorn．肿瘤tunen．调子，曲调，旋律vt．1．为…调音2．调整，调节tunneln．地道，隧道，管道v．挖地道(或隧洞)n．透平(机)，涡轮(机)turkeyn．火鸡+turmoiln．骚乱，动乱，混乱turnn．1．转动，旋转2．机会，轮替3．转变，变化4．转折点vt．1．转动2．翻，翻转3．改变方向4．转身，回头vi．(使)变为，(使)变得turn down：1．拒绝2．调低音量turn in：递交(作业等)turn off：熄灭，关闭turn on：点着，打开turn out：关，熄(灭)turn over：1．思考，考虑2．移交，转交turn to：求助于…turn up：1．露面2．找到turnern．1．铁匠，车床工人2．锅铲turningn．1．转弯处2．转向3．旋转+turtlen．海龟tutorn．1．家庭教师2．导师vt．教，指导twelveaura．十二twentynum．二十num．第二十twiceadv．1．两次2．两倍twinn．孪生儿，双胞胎之一adj．1．孪生的2．两个相似部分组成的*twinklevi．1．(星等)闪烁2．(眼睛)发亮n．1．闪烁2．(眼睛的)闪光，闪亮*twistv.／n．1．扭曲，扭伤2．缠绕twohum．二typen．1．类型，式样2．印刷字体3．活字，铅字v．打字typewritern．打字机+typhoonn．台风typicaladj．1．典型的，有代表性的2．特有的，独特的typistn．打字员+tyrannyn．专制统治，暴政tyren．轮胎。