肺结核英文讲稿
肺结核(英文版)PPT
drinking non-sterilised milk from infected cows
Mycobacterium bovis （牛型） Pasteurization(巴氏消毒) has largely eliminated its infection
Primary infection: firm nodule, deep ulcer form and persist , until the animals die.
reinfection: local induration , superfical ulcer, healed quickly.
Caused by the delayed hypersensitivity and immunity in TB disease.
India. is closely linked to the poor public health in these countries.
The incidence of tuberculosis has declined dramatically over past
decades of years.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB for short)
is a rod-shaped(杆状), slow-growing, aerobic（需氧）bacterium, has an unusual, waxy（蜡状的）coating on its cell surface (primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid（分枝菌酸）), which accounts for many of its unique clinical characteristics, such as its imperviousness（不通 透性） to Gram staining, so it is classified as an acid-fast bacillus (AFB, 抗酸杆菌).
肺结核英文介绍ppt课件
肺结核英文介绍
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First,a control system
Second, the patients
need to see doctors because of illness
Third,management.Stre
ngthening the management of registration of patients
肺结核英文介绍
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Daily Preventive measures
肺结核英文介绍
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That's all. Thank you.
肺结核英文介绍
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Tubercle bacillus 肺结核菌
肺结核英文介绍
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Transmission way - through the AIR
Cough Sneeze Spit Give off airborne droplets
肺结核英文介绍
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肺结核英文介绍
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Susceptible population
• In addition to genetic factors , still include the life to poverty, living crowded, malnutrition and other social factors
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
肺结核英文介绍
3723
Sunny Lynn Martina Angeline Hermion Sonia
1
It is a chronic infectious disease(慢性传染疾病),
Tuberculosis definition
肺结核英文讲稿PPT专业课件
color despite attempts at decolorization, hence the name
acid-fast bacilli(AFB).
(acid-red:alkali-blue)
3.The cell wall has high acid content, which makes it
hydrophobic, resistant to oral fluids.
Epidemiology
One of the leading infectious disease killers.
One third of the world's population is currently infected with TB.
The TB lesion often locates at posterior or apical segment of the upper lobe or the superior segment of the lower lobe,especially at the apex of lung just as the picture poinn as
The Father of Bacteriology
He was presented with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905 for his
investigations and discoveries in relation to
its overall incidence is increasing worldwide because of the enhanced susceptibility of AIDS patients and the appearance of drug resistant strains.
如何防止肺结核英语作文
如何防止肺结核英语作文Title: Preventing Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Approach。
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, affecting millions of people each year. Preventing the spread of this infectious disease requires a multifaceted approach involving both individual actions and coordinated public health efforts. In this essay, we will explore various strategies to prevent tuberculosis and the importance of collective action in combating this disease.First and foremost, raising awareness about tuberculosis is crucial in prevention efforts. Educational campaigns can inform people about the transmission of TB, its symptoms, and the importance of seeking timely medical care. By promoting knowledge about TB within communities, individuals are empowered to recognize the signs of the disease and take appropriate action.Furthermore, early detection and treatment of tuberculosis cases are essential to prevent its spread. Regular screening programs, especially in high-risk populations such as healthcare workers and individualsliving in crowded conditions, can help identify TB cases promptly. Accessible healthcare services, including diagnostic tests and treatment, play a critical role in ensuring that those infected with TB receive appropriate care without delay.In addition to individual actions, addressing social determinants of health is vital in tuberculosis prevention. Poverty, overcrowded living conditions, and lack of accessto healthcare services increase the risk of TB transmission. Therefore, efforts to alleviate poverty, improve housing conditions, and strengthen healthcare infrastructure are essential components of TB prevention strategies.Moreover, vaccination is an effective tool inpreventing tuberculosis. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, although not fully protective against TB, can reduce the severity of the disease, particularly inchildren. Routine vaccination programs, especially in countries with high TB burdens, contribute to reducing the incidence of TB and its complications.Furthermore, promoting infection control measures in healthcare settings and congregate settings such as prisons and shelters is crucial in preventing TB transmission. Implementing protocols for respiratory hygiene, ventilation systems, and personal protective equipment can minimize the risk of TB spread among vulnerable populations.Additionally, addressing stigma and discrimination associated with tuberculosis is essential in prevention efforts. Fear of social isolation and rejection may deter individuals from seeking healthcare services, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, promoting empathy, understanding, and acceptance of individuals affected by TB is necessary to ensure they receive the support they need.Furthermore, fostering international collaboration is critical in combating tuberculosis on a global scale. TBknows no borders, and efforts to control its spread require cooperation among countries, sharing resources, expertise, and best practices. Initiatives such as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria play a pivotal rolein supporting TB control programs in lowand middle-income countries.In conclusion, preventing tuberculosis requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both individual behaviors and structural factors contributing to its transmission. By raising awareness, ensuring early detection and treatment, addressing social determinants of health, promoting vaccination, implementing infection control measures, combating stigma, and fostering international collaboration, we can work together to reduce the burden of TB and move closer to achieving a world free of this devastating disease.。
医务英语肺结核会话
医务英语肺结核会话肺结核是由结核分枝杆菌引发的肺部感染性疾病，是严重威胁人类健康的疾病。
下面是作者为您收集整理的医务英语肺结核会话，欢迎阅读!英语会话1：Patient: I have had a cough for about two years. I paid no attention to it because I thought it was from smoking. Two weeks ago I caught a cold. Since then I have felt very weak and feverish. My temperature is always a little higher in the afternoon.病人：我已经咳嗽两年了。
我没有重视它而认为是和吸烟有关。
两周前我得了一次感冒，从此以后我感到疲乏无力而且有发热感。
我的提问在下午总是高一些。
Doctor: When you cough do you bring up any phlegm?医生：你的咳嗽带痰吗?Patient: Just a small amount, usually whitish. Occasionally I noticed some blood. This worried me I came to consult you.病人：只有少量白痰。
偶尔我发现有少量血。
这使我害怕了，所以我来找你。
Doctor: Blood in the sputum strongly indicates tuberculosis. We must take a chest X-ray.医生：痰中带血表明很可能是结核病。
我认为需要照一张胸片。
Doctor: The X-ray suggests the likelihood of tuberculosis.医生：胸片提示可能是结核。
Patient: Is it serious? Can I be cured?病人：病情严重吗?能治好吗?Doctor: Don’t worry. Nowadays, even those advanced cases with proper treatment can be cured within six months. Drug treatment should be continued for two years, however.医生：不必焦虑。
介绍肺结核英文作文
介绍肺结核英文作文Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is a contagious infection that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can be spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.TB can cause symptoms such as a persistent cough, chest pain, fatigue, and coughing up blood. If left untreated, it can be fatal. However, it is curable with the right treatment, which typically involves a combination of antibiotics taken for several months.One of the biggest challenges in controlling TB is the rise of drug-resistant strains of the bacteria. This makes treatment more difficult and increases the risk of transmission to others.TB is more common in developing countries, wherefactors such as poverty, malnutrition, and lack of access to healthcare contribute to its spread. However, it canaffect anyone, regardless of their socioeconomic status.Preventive measures for TB include vaccination, good ventilation in living and working spaces, and early detection and treatment of active cases. It is important for individuals to seek medical attention if they experience symptoms of TB, and for healthcare systems to prioritize TB control efforts.。
肺结核健康宣教新闻稿范文
肺结核健康宣教新闻稿范文英文回答：Health Education Press Release on Tuberculosis.Hello everyone,。
I am writing this press release to raise awareness about tuberculosis (TB) and provide important information on how to prevent and control this infectious disease. Tuberculosis is a global health issue, affecting millions of people worldwide. It is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and primarily affects the lungs, although it can also affect other parts of the body.Firstly, it is crucial to understand how TB spreads. It is primarily transmitted through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Breathing in these infected droplets can lead to the bacteria entering the lungs and causing infection. It is important to note thatTB is not easily transmitted and usually requires prolonged and close contact with an infected individual.To prevent the spread of TB, it is important topractice good respiratory hygiene. This includes covering your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when coughing or sneezing. Proper disposal of used tissues and regular handwashing are also essential. Additionally, maintaining good ventilation in indoor spaces can help reduce the risk of transmission.Another crucial aspect of TB prevention is early detection and prompt treatment. If you experiencepersistent cough, fever, weight loss, or night sweats, it is important to seek medical attention. A simple test called the Mantoux test or a chest X-ray can help diagnose TB. If diagnosed with TB, it is essential to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by a healthcare professional. This ensures that the bacteria are completely eradicated from the body and reduces the risk of drug-resistant TB.Let me provide an example to illustrate the importance of early detection and treatment. Imagine a person named John who has been experiencing a persistent cough and weight loss for several weeks. Initially, he ignores these symptoms, thinking they will go away on their own. However, as the symptoms worsen, John decides to visit a healthcare provider. After undergoing a series of tests, he is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. John starts the prescribed treatment immediately and completes the full course of antibiotics. Thanks to early detection and prompt treatment, John recovers fully and prevents the spread of TB to others.In conclusion, tuberculosis is a serious health issue that requires our attention and action. By practicing good respiratory hygiene, seeking early medical attention, and completing the full course of treatment, we can prevent the spread of TB and protect ourselves and our communities. Let us work together to raise awareness and ensure a healthier future for all.中文回答：肺结核健康宣教新闻稿。
你我共同努力,终结结核流行讲座范文
你我共同努力,终结结核流行讲座范文英文版Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is a serious infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. TB is a major global health problem, with millions of new cases reported each year.In order to end the spread of tuberculosis, it is important for individuals and communities to work together. This can be achieved through education, early detection, and treatment. By raising awareness about the disease and its symptoms, more people can be diagnosed and treated before the infection spreads further.Preventative measures such as practicing good hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and getting vaccinated can also help reduce the risk of contracting TB. Additionally, healthcare professionals play a crucial role in diagnosing and treating TB patients, as well as monitoring the spread of the disease within communities.By working together and taking proactive steps to prevent and treat tuberculosis, we can help end the spread of this infectious disease and improve the health of individuals and communities worldwide.共同努力，终结结核流行结核病，又称肺结核，是一种严重的传染病，主要影响肺部。
学校肺结核防治专题讲座主持稿范文
Hello everyone! I'm thrilled to be hosting today's super important lecture on keeping tuberculosis at bay in schools. Tuberculosis, or TB for short, is a seriously infectious disease caused by the sneaky bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It loves to hang out in your lungs and can spread through the air when someone infected lets out a big cough or sneeze. We need to really wrap our heads around how to stop TB in its tracks, especially in schools where there are tons of studentsand staff bustling around. Let's dive into this topic and figureout how to keep TB from causing any trouble in our schoolmunity!你们好！我很高兴能主持今天关于在学校中防止结核病的极其重要的讲座肺结核，或简称TB，是由潜伏的细菌菌菌菌性肺结核引起的严重传染病。
它喜欢挂出在你的肺，并可以传播通过空气当有人感染释放出大咳嗽或打喷嚏。
我们必须把头围在如何阻止肺结核的轨道上，特别是在有大批学生和工作人员的学校里。
让我们潜入这个话题想办法防止肺结核在我们学校里造成任何麻烦！First and foremost, let's talk about how to spot the sneaky signs of tuberculosis. If you've got a stubborn cough that just won't quit for more than three weeks, or if you're coughing up blood like a horror movie extra, or you're feeling some serious chestpain, it's time to hit the panic button and seek medical attention ASAP. And if you're suddenly shedding pounds like a snake shedding its skin without even trying, it's another big red flag. Hey, we're all in this together, so it's essential for everyone to practice good respiratory hygiene. That means covering your pie hole when you cough or sneeze, and making sure our classrooms and hangout spots have plenty of fresh air flowing through to keep those pesky TB germs at bay. Let's all do our part and keep TB far, far away from our awesome school!我们来谈谈如何发现肺结核的阴暗迹象。
《结核病总论英文》课件
DOT is a treatment strategy in which a healthcare provider or trained observer directly observes the patient taking their medicine This ensures inheritance to the treatment plan
01
02
TB is classified as either drug sensitive or drug resistant based on its response to treatment with antibiotics
TB can also affect other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spinl evaluation
The initial evaluation includes a through history and physical examination to identify any symptoms or risk factors for tubercles
Microbiological testing
01
02
03
04
05
02
Diagnosis of tuberculosis
Chest X-ray: This is the most common diagnostic method used to detect tuberculosis It can show abnormalities in the lungs that may be caused by the disease
04
肺结核英文讲稿课件
Avoid contact with pathogens
• Close contact with people who have active pulmonary tuberculosis can increase the risk of infection Therefore, it is important to avoid contact with people who are coaching, sniffing, or spitting blood If you have been in contact with someone who has active pulmonary tuberculosis, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and take appropriate measures to prevent infection
and sputum culture tests
Additional tests may be needed to rule out other diseases that cause similar
symptoms
02
Prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis
Vacation
prevention and control measures
Common symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain,
fever, night sweats, and weight loss
Diagnosis is made through a combination of Chest X-ray, sputum smear microscopy,
肺结核英文课件
sympt1.Drug-resistant Tuberculosis:
Drug-resistant TB is caused by TB bacteria that are resistant to at least one first-line antiTB drug. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is resistant to more than one anti-TB drug and at least isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF).
tent TB Infection:
The medications used to treat latent TB infection include:
isoniazid (INH)(异烟肼) rifampin (RIF)(利福平) rifapentine (RPT)(利福喷丁)
Certain groups of people (such as people with weakened immune systems) are at very high risk of developing TB disease once infected with TB bacteria.
After several years of joint efforts worldwide, the global tuberculosis epidemic trend appears new change. By the end of 2011who announced a global significant new findings: (1) since 2006, the absolute number of cases of tuberculosis declined (as opposed to a global report on the slow rise); (2) since 2002, of tuberculosis incidence decreased ( this more than ever the incidence began to decline in2010, two years earlier ), estimating the global new tuberculosis patients: a report of 8800000 cases; (3) reduced the annual TB deaths estimated number;2010 not infected with the AIDS virus to patients with tuberculosis death toll to 1100000, and 35death in HIV-infected tuberculosis; (4) in 2009, with nearly 10000000of children whose parents died of tuberculosis orphaned.
防止结核病 发言稿
防止结核病发言稿英文回答：Preventing tuberculosis is crucial in maintainingpublic health and reducing the spread of this infectious disease. There are several measures that can be taken to prevent tuberculosis, including vaccination, earlydetection and treatment, and implementing infection control measures.Vaccination is an effective way to prevent tuberculosis. The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is commonly used to protect against tuberculosis. It is given to infants in many countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. The vaccine stimulates the immune system to fight against the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, reducing the risk of infection and the development of active tuberculosis.Early detection and treatment of tuberculosis is also essential in preventing its spread. Screening and testingindividuals who are at high risk, such as those with close contact to infected individuals or those with weakened immune systems, can help identify cases of tuberculosis early. Prompt treatment with appropriate medication can prevent the progression of the disease and reduce the risk of transmission to others.Infection control measures are crucial in preventing the spread of tuberculosis in healthcare settings and other high-risk environments. These measures include proper ventilation, use of respiratory protection, and adherence to strict hygiene practices. For example, healthcare workers should wear N95 respirators when caring forpatients with suspected or confirmed tuberculosis. Regular cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and equipment can also help prevent the transmission of the bacteria.Furthermore, raising awareness about tuberculosis and its prevention is important in promoting public health. Education campaigns can provide information about the symptoms, transmission, and prevention of tuberculosis. This can help individuals recognize the signs oftuberculosis and seek prompt medical attention. It can also encourage individuals to practice good hygiene, such as covering their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, to prevent the spread of the bacteria.In conclusion, preventing tuberculosis requires amulti-faceted approach that includes vaccination, early detection and treatment, implementation of infectioncontrol measures, and raising awareness. By taking these measures, we can reduce the incidence of tuberculosis and protect the health of individuals and communities.中文回答：防止结核病对于维护公共卫生和减少这种传染病的传播至关重要。
结核病防治知识讲座稿范文
结核病防治知识讲座稿范文Tuberculosis, also known as TB, is a potentially serious infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs. 结核病，又被称为结核病，是一种潜在严重的传染病，主要影响肺部。
TB is caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 这种疾病是由一种叫做结核分枝杆菌的细菌引起的。
One of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of TB is through education and awareness. 预防结核病传播的最有效方法之一是通过教育和宣传。
It is crucial for individuals to understand the symptoms of TB, which include a persistent cough, chest pain, fatigue, weight loss, and coughing up blood. 个体了解结核病的症状至关重要，这些症状包括持续咳嗽、胸痛、疲劳、体重下降以及咳血。
Routine screenings, such as a TB skin test or chest X-ray, can help diagnose TB early and prevent its spread. 定期筛查，如结核菌素试验或胸部X射线检查，可以帮助早期诊断结核病并防止其传播。
Treatment for TB typically involves a course of antibiotics over a period of several months. Although TB can be cured with proper medication, it is essential for patients to complete the full course of treatment to prevent drug resistance. 结核病的治疗通常需要几个月的抗生素疗程。
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The incidence of tuberculosis has declined dramatically in developed countries due to improved nutrition,housing,effective drugs,vaccines. It remains as a problem in poorer countries (about 80% of the world) its overall incidence is increasing worldwide because of the enhanced susceptibility of AIDS patients and the appearance of drug resistant strains.
The TB lesion often locates at posterior or apical segment of the upper lobe or the superior segment of the lower lobe,especially at the apex of lung just as the picture points out.
Koch and Tuberculosis
Robert Koch(Germany) isolated the tubercle bacillus in 1882 and established TB as infectious disease. Koch was one of the first people to envisage a vaccine for the control of tuberculosis, who discovered the etiologic agent of tuberculosis.
Sign Normal, chronically ill, weight loss, may reveal posttussive apical rales.
Laboratory Findings
1. Recovery of M tuberculosis: Acid-fast bacilli stain DNA probe Cultures
Introduction
Tubercle bacillus Tuberculosis epidemiology Koch and tuberculosis
1.Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a rod-shaped, slow-growing bacterium. 2. The cell wall absorbs a certain dye and maintains a red color despite attempts at decolorization, hence the name acid-fast bacilli(AFB). (acid-red:alkali-blue) 3.The cell wall has high acid content, which makes it hydrophobic, resistant to oral fluids.
TB may spread through gastrointestinal tract
Clinical findings
Symptoms Sign Laboratory Findings Imaging
Symptoms
1.Constitutional symptoms: fatigue, weight loss, anorexia, low-grade fever, night sweats 2.Pulmonary symptoms: dry cough, blood sputum or later productive of purulent sputum, or no symptoms.
The macroscopic lesion of TB
There is diffuse small granulomas and necrosis
Etiology and pathogenesis
Pathogenesis Risk factors Transmission
Pathogenesis
Definition
Pulmonary Tuberculosis:
1) A contagious bacterial infection caused by M .tuberculosis (TB). 2) The lungs are primarily involved, but the infection can spread to other organs. 3) It is characterized by the development of granular tumors(nodes) in the infected tissues. 4) The patients with TB often have the following symptoms:tuberculous toxemia,cough,cough up blood or bloistance to one or more antituberculosis drugs has been found in 17% of tuberculosis patients in the China Outbreaks of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in hospitals→high mortality rates 5. AIDS→increased risk of developing
3.Mycobacteria →walled off →granulomatous
Inflammation
4.Uncommonly→inadequate immune response →progressive primary tuberculosis →pulmonary and constitutional symptoms. 5.A few remaining viable in tissues→ persist for years→reactivation may occur (when host’s defense become impaired)
2. Demonstration of on sputum smear: does not confirm tuberculosis,since saprophytic
nontuberculous mycobacteria may colonize
the airways or cause pulmonary disease.
Infection
Aerosolized droplets(varible organisms)→ inhaled→person(susceptible)→tuberculosis 1. Organisms→ macrophages→ die 2. Persist and multiply→widespread lymphatic and hematogenous →dissemination(no effective immune response) →primary tuberculosis ( usually asymptomatic )
3. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy:
Epidemiology
One of the leading infectious disease killers.
One third of the world's population is currently infected with TB. Eevery second another person is newly infected with tuberculosis around the world. Each year an estimated 8 million people develop clinical disease. Each year 1.87 million people die of TB.
Person-to-person transmission→reactivation
(one-third)
6. Atypical presentations increased:
Elderly patients HIV infection Nursing persons Extrapulmonary tuberculosis→common
Koch is now known as The Father of Bacteriology He was presented with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905 for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis. On the right there is one page of his “etiology of tuberculosis”
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Professor Xiangdong Zhou (周向东)
Tutor of Ph.D Postgraduate Respiratory department of the second affiliated hospital of the Chongqing university of medical sciences
bilateral upper infiltrates
Diffuse bilateral pneumonic infiltrates on chest radiograph
Risk factors