跨文化交际期末考试复习题

跨文化交际期末考试复习题

Define the following items:

1.Culture：On the surface: customs and behavior

More deeply: what the behavior and customs mean to the people who

are following them

In a word: Culture is all about meanings

Hall: Culture is everything and everywhere

munication：Communication is our ability to share our ideas and feelings. (the

basis of all human contact)

3.intercultural communication：Intercultural communication is communication between

people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.

intercultural communication refers to any communication between two members of any cultural communities.

4.high-context culture：In high-context messages, meaning is not necessarily contained

in words. Information is provided through gestures, the use of space, and even silence.

Meaning is also conveyed through status (age, sex, education, family background, title,

and affiliation).

5.low-context culture：In low-context messages, the majority of the information is vested

in the explicit code.

6.relationship between culture and language：

7.verbal communication

8.analytical thinking patterns (inductive)

9.synthetic thinking patterns (deductive)

10.nonverbal communication：Nonverbal communication involves all nonverbal

stimuli in a communication setting that is generated by both the source and his or her use of the environment and that has potential message value for the source or receiver

11.body language：Body language refers to all nonverbal codes which are associated with body

movements.

Body language includes gestures, head movements, facial expressions, eye behaviors, postures and other displays that can be used to communicate.

12.monochronic time (M Time) ：It schedules one event at a time. In these

cultures time is perceived as a linear structure just like a ribbon stretching

from the past into the future.

13.polychronic time (P Time)：P-time schedules several activities at the same time. It is

more flexible and more humanistic.

People from P-time system emphasize the involvement of people more than schedules. They do not see appointments as

ironclad commitments and often break them.

14.ethnocentrism：the view of things in which one’s own group is the center of everything,

. Sumner) and al l others are scaled and rated with reference to it” (William G

15.stereotypes：Stereotypes are a form of generalization about some group of

people, or a means of organizing images into fixed and simple categories that

are used to stand for the entire collection of people

16.prejudice：It refers to negative attitudes towards other people that are based on

faulty and inflexible stereotypes.It is an unfair, biased, or intolerant attitude towards

another group of people. ( Lusting & Koester)

17.discrimination：It refers to the behavioral manifestations of the prejudice, it

)

can be thought of as prejudice “in action”. ( Lusting & Koester

18.racism：

19.culture shock：Troublesome feelings such as depression, loneliness, confusion,

inadequacy, hostility, frustration, and tension, caused by the loss of familiar cues from

the home culture. (Linell Davis)

20.acculturation：It is culture change that results from continuous firsthand contact

between two distinct cultural groups.

It is through acculturation that personal transformation from cultural contact takes place.

Acculturation includes psychological, physiological and social changes.

Essay Writing

1.Describe your personal intercultural experiences in about 300-500 words.

2.From the perspective of intercultural communication, analyze the following

movies.

(1)Joy Luck Club

(2)Guasha

(3)Crash