自学考试历年试题_2012年10月自学考试初级翻译技巧试题_复习参考资料

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2012年10月全国自考《综合英语(一)》真题及详解【圣才出品】

2012年10月全国自考《综合英语（一）》真题及详解课程代码：00794选择题部分I. 语法和词汇填空。

阅读下面的句子或对话，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。

（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. There has been ____growth in industry this year than there should have been.A. muchB. mostC. littleD. less【答案】D【解析】句意：今年的工业增长幅度比预计的要少。

本题考查形容词的比较级。

连词than 通常用在形容词或副词的比较级之后，引出比较的对象，growth为不可数名词，D项less 为little的比较级，表示“更少的”，符合题意，故选D。

2. When you expect too much of others, you are ____ to become disappointed.A. timelyB. probableC. likelyD. possible【答案】C【解析】句意：当你对别人期望过高，你会很容易失望。

be likely to为固定表达，表示“易于……，可能……”，符合题意，故选C。

3. It is necessary ____ technical training for all the new employees.A. to provideB. to be providedC. providingD. being provided【答案】A【解析】句意：向所有新员工提供技术培训是很有必要的。

本题考查不定式。

it为形式主语，to do的不定式为句子真正的主语，A项符合题意，故选A。

4. The mass media keep us well ____ of what is happening in the world which would otherwise remain unknown.A. concernedB. exposedC. acquaintedD. informed【答案】D【解析】句意：大众传媒让我们随时了解世界上所发生的事情。

全国2012年10月自学考试语言与文化试题_真题-无答案

全国2012年10月自学考试语言与文化试题(总分100,考试时间150分钟)课程代码：00838请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives **pletes the statement and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(20%)1. Anthropological culture refers to ______.A. culture in its broad senseB. culture in its narrow senseC. large C cultureD. academic culture2. Which of the following is NOT an example of **ponents of small c culture?A. Houses and foods.B. Political organizations.C. Gestures and facial expressions.D. World views.3. ______ meaning is **municative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.A. SocialB. ConnotativeC. AffectiveD. Reflected4. “Domicile”, “residence” and “home” are synonyms, but they are different so far as their ______meanings are concerned.A. conceptualB. reflectedC. socialD. thematic5. Which of the following is NOT a grammatical morpheme?A. -sB. -lyC. -estD. -ed6. a)He came to Shanghai in the fall of 2008.他2008年秋天来到上海。

综合英语(一)自考真题2012年10月_真题(含答案与解析)-交互

综合英语(一)自考真题2012年10月(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分选择题Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案1.There has been ______ growth in industry this year than there should have been.• A. much• B. most• C. little• D. lessSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:D[解析] 译文：今年的工业增长值比本应达到的要少。

本句中出现了表示比较级的than，因此growth前的形容词应为比较级形式，由此可排除A、C项，most 表示最高级也不符合。

答案为D。

2.When you expect too much of others, you are ______ to become disappointed.• A. timely• B. probable• C. likely• D. possibleSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:C[解析] 译文：当你对别人期望太高时，很可能会变得失望。

timely意为及时的，不符合题意，可首先排除。

be likely to do sth.是固定搭配，意为有可能……，符合本题。

probable和possible也都有“可能的”含义，但是多用于It is probable/possible...的句式中。

答案为C。

3.It is necessary ______ technical training for all the new employees.• A. to provide• B. to be provided• C. providing• D. being providedSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:A[解析] 译文：对新员工进行技术培训是有必要的。

2012年10月全国自考外贸英语写作模拟试题和答案(一)

2012年10月全国自考外贸英语写作模拟试题和答案(一)一、单项选择题There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. （在下列各题中选择一个最佳答案填空。

）20%1. The report is accompaniedthe supporting documents.A. forB. withC. toD. from答案：B解析：本题考查介词的用法。

句意：该报告附有不少具体文件。

for表示原因、目标；with表示和……在一起；to表示目的或结果；from表示某人/某物出发的地方或方向。

因此，选B。

2. We look forward tothe goods in the fourth quarter.A. delivery ofB. your deliverC. deliverD. delivery答案：A解析：本题考查固定搭配的用法。

句意：我们期待第四季度订购的货物。

look forward tosth./doing sth.意为“期待某物/期待做某事”。

delivery of the goods意为“定购的货物”。

因此，选A。

3. Webe obliged if you will furnish us with the following information.A. shouldB. willC. couldD. would答案：B解析：本题考查情态动词的用法。

句意：如果您能给我们提供下列信息我们将十分感激。

will是情态动词，表示愿意，肯，会。

因此，选B。

4. If businessto improve, salaries will be increased.A. startsB. will startC. startingD. started答案：A解析：本题考查条件句的用法。

2012年自考英语模拟试题(含参考答案)范文

2012年自考英语(一)模拟试题精选附答案(1)PART ONEI. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find __difficult to succeed in language learning.[A]them[B]themselves[C]it[D]itself2.Television ads are short, but they are repeated over and over again __the audience sees and hears them many times.[A]in that[B]so that[C]as to[D]so as3. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific, __it is still very large.[A]but[B]and[C]so[D]therefore4.No one has been able to prove that fish is __ better for the brain than many other kinds of food.[A]some[B]so[C]as[D]any5. Tomatoes were once called love apples and were supposed to make those who ate them _in love.[A]fell[B]feel[C]fall[D]felt6.Washing food down with water as a __for chewing is not a good habit.[A]direction[B]substitute[C]possibility[D]resource7. It is important to realize that the same technology __helps us may also harm us.[A]as[B]that[C]what[D]when8.Science began to develop rapidly when man laid __his wrong beliefs and began to seek true explanations.[A]out[B]down[C]aside[D]outside9.Remember,nothing hurts concentration __reading too slowly.[A]rather than[B]as well as[c]more than[D]instead of10. More and more people are realizing that there is a __between heart disease and the way one lives.[A]correspondence[B]comparison[C]connection[D]consequenceII. Cloze Test (10 points,1point for each)下列短文有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

2012年10月全国自考《英语写作基础》真题及答案【圣才出品】

课程代码：00597I. 重写句子(15 points, 1.5 points each) Rewrite each of the following sentences according to the requirement in brackets.Example: The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways. (periodic sentence)In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization.1. I go to medical school. They want me to do that. (simple sentence)答案：They want me to go to medical school.2. Although Lilliput was such a pretty country, there was trouble and danger there. (loose construction)答案：There was trouble and danger in Lilliput, although it was such a pretty country.3. Sports play a huge role in a nation’s culture. This is especially true in the United States. (compound sentence)答案：Sports play a huge role in a nation’s culture, and this is especially true in the4. The size of the student body has diminished this year owing to decreased enrollment. (periodic sentence)答案：Owing to decreased enrollment, the size of the student body has diminished this year.5. Her father won’t let her go to the party tonight. She’s in a bad mood. (complex sentence)答案：She’s in a bad mood because her father won’t let her go to the party tonight.6. It was fortunate that the weather last winter was quite mild. (sentence with –ly opener)答案：Fortunately, the weather last winter was quite mild.7. Melinda was afraid that the other kids would laugh at her. She kept silent. (sentence with a modifying phrase)答案：Afraid that the other kids would laugh at her, Melinda kept silent.8. She worked long hours. She saved every penny she could. She denied herself luxuries. She managed to save enough for an education. (sentence with parallel structure)答案：working long hours, saving every penny she could, and denying herself luxuries, she managed to save enough for an education.9. My friend has a nine-year-old daughter. She is very clever at sewing. She has made clothes for her baby brother. (long sentence)答案：My friend has a nine-year-old daughter who is very clever at sewing and makes clothes for her baby brother.10. The farmers grew worried. Clouds were forming over the mountains- They hoped a wind would blow the clouds south. (compound-complex sentence)答案：The farmers grew worried because clouds were forming over the mountains and they hoped a wind would blow the clouds south.II. 修改语句(15 points, 3 points each) Correct the errors in the following sentences. Example: After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television. I resolved neverAfter seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television, I resolved never to buy that brand again.11. They rushed to the hospital, they were too late.答案：They rushed to the hospital but they were too late.12. Unable to swim any further, a lifeguard came to my rescue.答案：I was unable to swim any further, a lifeguard came to my rescue.13. To chew thoroughly and eating slowly are necessary for good digestion.答案：Chewing thoroughly and eating slowly are necessary for good digestion.14. It was a long walk. From the library to the dorms.答案：It was a long walk from the library to the dorms.15. The plant is a present from a friend that was supposed to flower in the summer.答案：III. 辩认主题句(15 points, 5 points each)16. Choose the best topic sentence from the four options below.A. One argument is that no one has the right to take another person’s life.B. Citizens believe that society is also responsible for the crime.C. Many citizens argue that serious criminals should be executed.D. The punishment of criminals has always been a problem for society.【答案】D17. Read the following paragraph and write the topic sentence on the answer sheet.All through the long history of the Earth, waves have broken heavily against the land, and tides have pressed forward over the continents, moved back, and then returned. For no two days is the shoreline precisely the same. Not only do the tides advance and retreat in their eternal rhythms, but the level of the sea itself is never at rest. It rises or falls as the large masses of ice melt or grow, as the floor of the deep ocean basins shifts under its increasing load of sediments (沉积物), or as the Earth’s crust along the continental margins changes in adjustment to strain and tension. Today a little more land may be low to the sea, tomorrow a little less. Always the edge of the sea remains a changing boundary.【答案】18. Read the following paragraph and choose the best topic sentence from thefour options that follow.To renew a driver’s license, you must send an application approximately five to seven weeks before the expiration date listed on the license. Individuals who fail to renew within three years of the license expiration date are not eligible for a renewal and must repeat the initial licensing process. To renew a license, you must visit a Motor Vehicles Agency. You must present a completed renewal application; your current driver’s license; acceptable proof of age, identification, and address; and proof of social security in the form of a social security card, a state or federal income tax return, a current pay receipt, or a W-2 form. You must also pay therequired fee. If all the documents and payment are in order, your photo will be taken and a new license will be issued.A. An applicant should be eligible in order to renew a driver’s license.B. A completed application is essential for renewing a driver’s license.C. An applicant should follow the required procedure to renew a driver’s license.D. A driver’s license must be renewed within three years of the expiration date.【答案】C。

全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语二试题和答案

全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）试题课程代码：00795请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

I. GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARYComplete each of the following 15 sentences with the most likely answer.Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 15 points in all)1. The speaker’s Chinese is not so good, but he could make himself ______.A．understood B．understandC．to understand D．to be understood2. My mother, ______ whether anyone would come home to help her, had to prepare the supperall by herself.A．did not know B．not knowingC．had not known D．having not known3. So uncertain ______ about the background of his audience that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.A．he would become B．would he becomeC．he had become D．did he become4. ______ used to be considered impossible has now turned into realities.A．This B．That C．What D．Whatever5. The film is very popular with young people, but neither Mary nor her brothers ______interested in it.A．were B．was C．are D．is6．We have been talking about the travel plan for two hours．I think it’s time we ______a decision．A．make B．made C．will make D．have made7．It was because of the bad condition of the house ______ he decided to sell it and buy a new one．A．that B．so that C．so D．then8．According to some scientists，global warming ______ the survival of the whole human race．A．scares B．frightens C．threatens D．fears9．He is an easy-going，friendly young man with a ______ sort of attitude towards money．A．casual B．greedy C．careful D．serious10．She did not hear what you said because she was completely ______ in her reading．A．interested B．absorbed C．involved D．stuck11．He said that the situation was dangerous and that there was no time to ______ in reaching an agreement．A．spend B．save C．take D．lose12．It never ______ to them to question the committee’s decision．A．seems B．happens C．appears D．occurs13．The man’s influence on his daughter ______ as she grew older．A．declined B．shrank C．narrowed D．relaxed14．He finally realized how ______ his father’s advice was．A．worthy B．valuable C．efficient D．wealthy15．French is ______ spoken throughout the world，especially in former French colonies．A．generally B．mainly C．widely D．thoroughly II．CLOZEFill in each of the 15 blanks in the passage with the most likely answer．Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet.(1 point each，15 points in all) Play,in recreation, is any activity performed for amusement. Although people engage in play mainly to enjoy themselves，play also 16 the physical and mental health of individuals. Many people increase their physical 17 by swimming or hiking. Many people also improve their mental ability by playing word games or 18 puzzles.Play activities 19 one of three general groups. Motor play is physical exercise, such as skating or playing volleyball. Intellectual play primarily 20 mental activity, as in playing chess. Sensory play includes spectator activities, such as attending sports events.Play takes countless forms. A person may bounce a ball 21 or join in a game of basketball with several other people. Play activity may or may not be planned ahead of time. It cantake place 22 from in an individual’s mind to areas designed 23 for play, such as athletic fields.Some play activities are popular with both children and adults. Others appeal primarily 24 people of certain age groups. Children often 25 plays that require a great deal of imagination, such as dressing up and 26 to be adults. Adult play activities generally require more structured types of recreation, such as sports and games.For a child, playing is a form of 27 and a significant part of social development. Through playing, they express their ideas, moods, and personalities to other people. Babies only a few months old begin to play, 28 they can communicate effectively with words. Children learn to interact with one another by sharing toys. When they are older, they develop more teamwork skills by playing 29 in such games as volleyball.For an adult, playing is 30 relaxing during leisure time. Play activities can help relieve pressures caused by the tensions of daily life.16.A．brings out B．contributes to C．depends on D．accounts for17.A．soundness B．readiness C．fairness D．fitness18.A．solving B．settling C．clearing D．answering19.A．deal with B．begin with C．fall into D．break into20.A．reflects B．neglects C．resolves D．involves21.A．skillfully B．personally C．alone D．hard22.A．sometime B．anytime C．somewhere D．anywhere23.A．singularly B．specifically C．specially D．uniquely24.A．to B．for C．on D．at25.A．keep pace with B．take part inC．make fun of D．set foot on26.A．pretending B．contendingC．intending D．attending27.A．self-confidence B．self-defenseC．self-expression D．self-esteem28.A．no later than B．long beforeC．soon after D．as soon as29.A．cooperatively B．collectivelyC．independently D．individually30.A．an introduction to B．an insight intoC．a result of D．a way ofIII. PARAPHRASINGChoose the closest paraphrased version after each of the following sentences or the italicized part. Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (1 point each, 10 points in all)31. Like all deep experiences, it may take a little work on your part to discover what all the fuss[of those great works of literature] is about.A. …you need to read those great works of literature to understand why people are fond ofthem.B. …you need to study carefully why there is a dispute+ over those great works of literature.C. …you need effort to figure out why those great works of literature disturb people.D. …you need time to work out the meanings of those great works of literature.32. Also, overindulged children are not as challenged as children with fewer playthings to be morecreative in their play.A．Spoilt children need more toys to play with to be more creative.B．Children with fewer toys are motivated to be more creative.C．Spoilt children are challenged by children with fewer toys.D．Fewer playthings stimulate more creation among children.33. It was pleasant to believe that much of Nature was forever beyond the tampering reach of man.A．It was enjoyable to realize that Nature was always available for a courageous man to reach.B．It was enjoyable to realize that Nature had a fascinating power to satisfy man’s curiosity.C．It made one happy to think that man would never be able to interfere with much of Nature.D．It made one happy to think that man could control Nature for as long as he liked．34. I felt myself beginning to sweat. I had deliberately got myself into this jam. What a fool!A．I had got myself into this stupid argument.B．I had learned to face this unpleasant consequence.C．I had got myself involved in this difficult situation.D．I had experienced a traffic jam at this crowded place.35. Courtesy, politeness, good manners—call it what you will, the supply never seems to equal thedemand．A. …people show more politeness than they should．B. …the supply of politeness is always greater than its demand．C. …you can never have enough words to emphasize politeness.D. …people’s need for politeness is always greater than what they get.36. The plane did not frighten Kaz. For one thing, Hiroshima had gone almost untouched by theair war.A. …enemy’s air forces had never occupied Hiroshima.B. …almost no fighting had ever occurred in and around Hiroshima.C. …Hiroshima was the only city where no one was killed by air raids.D. …hardly had Hiroshima been attacked by enemy’s air forces during the war.37. It is impossible to measure the importance of Edison by adding up the specific inventions withwhich his name is associated．A. …by describing the significance of his inventions.B. …by connecting his reputation with his inventions.C. …by remembering the total number of his inventions.D. …by listing all the inventions he has made or helped make.38. “That’s nothing but religious pap,” he retorted with a degree of anger.A．“That’s just religious preaching,” he argued back angrily.B．“There is nothing related to religion,” he replied with anger.C．“Anything is more inspiring than a religious creed,” he responded angrily.D．“Nothing is more important than a religious belief,” he claimed with anger.39. Shortly after that my mother reported that Little-John-Carrie’s-other-nephew had startedschool on the same day and taken to it like a duck to water.A. …and rushed to the activities there right away.B. …and begun to like school immediately.C. …and behaved himself naturally.D. …and stayed at school all day.40. Toddy Beamish opposed everything he said by a monotonous but effective “So you say,”anddrove him to the limit of his patience.A. …these words provoked his anxiety.B. …this kept him from going to extremes.C. …these words calmed him effectively and he became patient.D. …this annoyed him so much that he could no longer put up with it.IV. READING COMPREHENSIONRead the two passages and choose the most likely answer to each of the questions.Blacken the letter corresponding to your choice on the answer sheet. (2 points each, 20 points in all)Passage OneBike trailers are now becoming a popular mode of transportation. If you are wondering what a bike trailer is, it is a motorless wheeled frame attached to your bicycle. Its primary function is to help the bike rider in carrying additional load．Instead of carrying the load on the bike, it can now be carried on the bike trailer which greatly reduces the strain placed on the bike. It is convenient, easy to use and it helps you live an active lifestyle.Bike trailers are an alternative to carrying different sorts of loads. Instead of using your car to go to the nearby grocery store perhaps, why not use your bike trailer? It not only saves you money from the gas which should have been spent by your car, it also does the job of carrying your groceries.Planning to get a bike trailer? Make sure to decide on what you are going to use it for first. Different bike trailers are made for different uses. There are a variety of bike trailers being commercially manufactured．The general trailers available in the market today are the general cargo trailer which is used to carry different sorts of loads from groceries to furniture, child passenger trailer which is used to carry a child, pet trailer which is used to carry cats or dogs, and canoe trailers which are used to carry long and narrow loads like canoes and surfboards.If you want a trailer to carry cargo all around, then a cargo trailer would definitely suit your needs. If you want to take your child along with you while you ride your bike, then check out the different child trailers available in the market.There are two types of bike trailers in the market today based on the number of wheels. The first is the single wheel trailer which can carry light to medium loads. It is popular among hikers since it is great for trail riding and narrow surfaces. It is also stable when making sharp turns at high speeds. The other type of trailer is the two-wheel trailer which obviously has two wheels. It can carry heavier loads than the single wheel type. When making sharp turns at high speeds it may roll over, so be sure to slow down before making the turns.Caring for your bike trailer is easy and comparable to that of a bike. Cleaning the trailer requires water, soap and wax. Regularly check the tires for abnormalities like low air pressure or wear and tear for this may cause accidents.When you are out riding in your bike trailer, keep in mind that it is different from riding a bike. The responses are different. You may notice that your bike may be a bit unresponsive due to the extra load．Be sure to take trial runs in non-busy roads to get you acquainted with the newriding conditions.Riding at night is more dangerous than riding during the daytime. Make sure that you have a front light and a rear light and that both are switched on. Be sure also to have front, back and side reflectors so that you would always be visible to traffic．41. The passage mentions all the following aspects about a bike trailer EXCEPT ______.A．its maintenance B．its priceC．its definition D．its uses42. Which of the following is an advantage of a bike trailer over a car?A．It can help reduce the weight on your riding.B．You don’t have to check the tires regularly.C．You don’t have to spend money on gas.D．It can carry groceries for you.43. A two-wheel trailer should be a better choice than a single wheel trailer when ______.A．you carry heavy loadsB．you ride on a narrow surfaceC．your additional load is not heavyD．you make a sharp turn at high speed44. Which of the following is a difference between riding in a bike trailer and riding a bike?A．You need to check the tires regularly for a bike trailer.B．It is easier to ride in a trailer than riding a bike.C．A trailer requires water and wax for cleaning.D．A trailer cannot react as quickly as a bike.45. What is the writer’s purpose in writing this passage?A．To provide information about bike trailers.B．To advertise for a new mode of transportation.C．To arouse your interest in more active lifestyle.D．To advise you to be careful when riding in a bike trailer.Passage 2Martin was returning to work in his London office after spending two weeks with his brother over in New York. He was coming back with a heavy heart. It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday; it was not just that he invariably suffered badly from jet lag; it was that Monday mornings always began with a team meeting and, over the months, he had grown to hate them.Martin was aware that colleagues approached these meetings with hidden agendas; they enjoyed game-playing, and he knew that people were not being honest and open. The meetings themselves were bad enough—but then there was all the moaning afterwards. “The usual people say the usual things.” “I could have improved on that idea, but I wasn’t going to say.” “I was thinking of making a suggestion—but I couldn’t be bothered.”As this morning’s meeting began, Martin braced himself for the usual moroseness (闷闷不乐) and monotony. But, as the meeting progressed, he became aware of a strange background noise. At first, he thought that he was still hearing the engine noise from the aircraft that had brought him back to London—he had had to sit over the wing and the noise was terrible. But, as he concentrated on the noise, it became a little clearer.He realized—to his amazement—that he could hear what his colleagues were thinking as well as what they were saying. As he concentrated still harder, he found that he could actually hear what they were thinking at the same time as they were speaking. What surprised him, even more than the acquisition of this strange power, was that he discovered that what people were saying was not really what they were thinking. They were not making clear their reservations. They were not supporting views which they thought might be unpopular. They were not contributing their new insights. They were not volunteering their new ideas.Martin found it impossible not to respond to his new knowledge. So he started to make gentle interventions, based more on what he could hear his colleagues thinking than on what he could hear them saying. “So, John, are you really saying …?” “Susan, do you really think that?” “Tom, have you got an idea on how we could take this forward?” He was aware that his colleagues were unsettled by how insightful these interventions were. They looked at him mystified．In truth, he felt rather proud of his newly-acquired talent.Given more confidence now, Martin forgot his usual misery at participating in such meetings and began making comments of his own. However, he became aware that some of his colleagues were looking at him totally confused．One or two even had a gentle smile playing on their lips. Only gradually did it dawn on them—he could hear their thoughts and they were not really saying what they were thinking.As the meeting progressed, Martin became aware of changes to the tone and style of the event. It was clear to him now that, one by one, each member of the meeting was learning how to hear the thoughts of all the others and this was subtly changing how they interacted with one another. The game-playing started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting.The meeting ended．As people left the room, Martin found that he could still hear what they were thinking. “That was the best meeting we’ve ever had.”“All meetings should be like that.” “In future, I’m going to say what I think.”46. Why did Martin hate the team meetings?A．His colleagues were making stories.B．His colleagues complained too much.C．His colleagues pretended to be friendly.D．His colleagues held back their true feelings.47. Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “braced himself for” in Paragraph 3 ?A．prepared himself for B．adapted himself toC．concemed himself about D．persuaded himself into48. With the strange power of being able to hear what others were thinking and saying, Martinrealized that______.A．he had been cheatedB．he was lucky to know the truthC．people didn’t mean what they saidD．people were unwilling to work there49. Which of the following can be expected at future team meetings?A．Everyone will be cooperative. B．Everyone will be straightforward．C．Everyone will be respectful. D．Everyone will be considerate.50. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．A Mysterious Power B．A Meeting of MindsC．Trust Means All D．Unity Is Success非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。

【参考借鉴】自学考试英语翻译词语翻译.doc

一、考试题型暨测试重点分析I.词语翻译（英译汉；汉译英）II.单句改译（英语句子改译；汉语句子改译）III.单句翻译（英译汉；汉译英）IV.语篇翻译（英译汉；汉译英）二、冲刺班内容I.词语翻译（课本内容总结）II.单句改译（考点及技巧解析）III.单句翻译（技巧分析及重点总结）IV.语篇翻译（翻译方法讲解）第一部分词语翻译（课本内容总结）第一课：英语时政要闻汉译词语英译汉：nuclearproliferation核扩散economicrecoverR经济复苏freedomofspeechandassemblR言论和集会自由nationalsecuritRadviser国家安全事务助理第二课：汉语时政要闻英译词语汉译英：政府网thewebsiteofthecentralgovernment新华网thewebsiteofRinhuaNewsAgencR十R五the12thFive-RearPlan国计民生nationaldevelopmentandpeople'slivelihood任期tenureofoffice恪尽职守toperformone’sdutRhonestlR稳定物价pricestabilization货币流动性themonetarRflow通胀预期inflationeRpectations调控措施readjustmentmeasures囤积居奇corneringthemarket哄抬物价jackupprices保障性住房economRhouses棚户区shantRtown投机性住房需求speculativehousingdemands 捂盘惜售propertRhoarding圈地不用keepingpurchasedlandunused医疗改革healthcarereform第三课：英语时事评论汉译词语英译汉：economic reach经济影响力achieveeminence脱颖而出azero-sumgame得失相抵的较量eRceptionalism例外论Sino-Americanrelationship中美关系第四课：汉语时事评论英译词语汉译英：贫富差距gapbetweentherichandthepoor基尼系数Ginicoefficient平均主义egalitarianism限高upperlimit关税customsdutR增值税valueaddedtaR营业税businesstaR资源税resourcetaR地下经济illegalundergroundeconomR偷漏税taRevasion弱势群体thedisadvantagedgroup基础阶层peopleatthebottomlevel兜底guaranteedincomesRstem社会保障事业socialsecuritRundertakings转移支付socialtransferpaRments垄断经营monopolizedoperation垄断利润monopolRprofits垄断行业monopolRtrades特许经营franchise暴利colossalprofits邮电通讯postandtelecommunications公共事业部门publicinstitutions第五课：英语经贸资料汉译词语英译汉：equalitRofopportunitR机会均等socialclassbackground社会背景inheritedprivilege继承的特权businesssection商务专栏foreignaid对外援助federalbudget联邦预算FederalReserveBank联邦储备银行theentertainmentindustrR娱乐业showbusiness演艺业第六课：汉语经贸资料英译词语汉译英：货币疲软teeteringcurrencRrates购买力purchasingpower大中型国有企业largeandmedium-sizedstateenterprises外贸体制改革thereformofChina’sforeigntraderegime以质取胜finequalitRorelsenoeRport售前售后服务goodservicebeforeandaftersales 附加值theaddedvalue名特优新产品premiumandnovelproducts“拳头”产品“hard-punch”items市场多元化geographicaldiversification不能在一棵树上吊死Itisnogoodto “putalloureggsinonebasket”大显身手makeagoodkilling站稳脚根weatheroverthebadtimes优惠政策preferentialpolicies基础设施infrastructure外资foreigninvestment劳工问题laborproblem金融危机financialcrisis消费市场consumermarket市场坚挺steadRmarket第七课：英语科技资料汉译词语英译汉：SiliconValleR硅谷geneticalteration转基因crudeoil原油sciencefiction科幻小说renewablepetroleum可再生汽油hRdrogenfuel氢燃料carbonnegative负碳的therawmaterials原材料industrialReast工业酵母nonpathogenicstrains非病原菌株E.coli大肠杆菌custom-designing定制设计fattRacid脂肪酸bRproduct副产品第八课：汉语科技资料英译词语汉译英：聚丙烯polRpropRlene聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇醋polRethRleneglRcolterephthalate中国科学院theChineseAcademRofScience抽纱todrawRarn化学分解chemicaldecomposition水解hRdrolRsis醇解alcoholRsis单体monomer低相对分子质量物质substanceswithrelativelRlow-molecularmass 高分子合成的原料high-molecularsRntheticmaterials化纤车间achemicalfiberworkshop涤纶短纤维shortpolResterfibers洗涤剂瓶detergentbottles环保运动服environment-friendlRsportswear环保晴雨两用衣environment-friendlRall-weatherclothes化学物质chemicalsubstance对苯二甲酸terephthalicacid乙二醇ethRleneglRcol再生树脂regeneratedresin环保事业environment-friendlRundertaking 第九课：英语自然探秘资料汉译词语英译汉：globalwarming全球气候变暖nuclearfacilities核设施flashfloods山洪sea-icecover海冰覆盖面积greenhousegases温室气体fossil-fuelemissions化石燃料的排放solarvariation太阳的变化airmass气团satellitemeasurements卫星测量carbon-dioRideeffect二氧化碳效应第十课：汉语自然探秘资料英译词语汉译英：低空大气层theloweratmosphere水汽凝结物condensedmattersofthevapor水平能见度horizontaldistanceofvisibilitR轻雾lightfog大雾thickfog浓雾heavR（ordense）fog辐射雾radiationfog平流雾advectivefog蒸汽雾steamfog上坡雾up-slopefog锋面雾frontalsurfacefog病害plantdisease抽穗toearup赤霉病wheatscab气管炎tracheitis咽喉炎pharRngolarRngitis结膜炎conjunctivitis千姿百态appearinvariousshapesandpostures云雾缭绕beenvelopedinmistsandclouds第11课：英语文化习俗资料汉译词语英译汉：PassporttothePub:TheTourists’GuidetoPubEtiquette《酒吧护照：旅游者酒吧仪俗指南》第12课：汉语文化习俗资料英译词语汉译英：中国社会调查事务所China’sSocialSurveROffice“洋节”Westernfestivals中国传统节日traditionalChinesefestivals西学东渐WesternlearningbeingintroducedintoChina农耕社会agrariansocietR情人节SaintValentine’sDaR复活节EasterSundaR万圣节AllSaints’DaR感恩节ThanksgivingDaR坚船利炮armoredshipswithbigguns民族认同感thesenseofnationalidentitR儒学经典Confucianteachings封建残余feudalistvestiges端午theDragonBoatFestival中秋Mid-AutumnDaR法定假日legalholidaRs《全国节日及纪念日放假办法》“SolutiontotheHolidaRProblemofFestivalsandA nniversaries”联合国教科文组织theUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCultu ralOrganization（UNESCO）教师节TeachersDaR文化自轻culturalbelittlement自我殖民self-colonization第13课：英语医疗保健资料汉译词语英译汉：thedeathtolls死亡人数eRoticorganisms外来微生物毒lethalstrain致命的病毒品种asteroidimpact小行星撞击whitebloodcell白细胞temperaturehike体温骤升warningsRstems预警系统side-effects副作用lossofappetite食欲减退geneticvariation基因变异第14课：汉语医疗保健资料英译词语汉译英：非典型性肺炎severeactuerespiratorRsRndrome （SARS）免疫系统immunesRstemSARS疫区aSARS-affectedarea痊愈率recoverRrate预防措施precautions培养信念fosterourfaith第15课：英语教育资料汉译词语英译汉：globalintegration全球一体化geopoliticalstabilitR地缘政治稳定globalcareer世界性职业themovementacrossborders跨国界迁移researchuniversitR研究型大学summerinternship暑期实习doctoraldegrees博士学位videoconferenceseminars视频会议研讨班on-the-jobtraining在岗培训mainframecomputer计算机主机integratedcircuit集成电路internetinfrastructure互联网基础设施SiliconValleR硅谷MIT麻省理工学院第16课：汉语教育资料英译词语汉译英：筹建阶段aphaseofpreparation金融贸易区FinancialandTradeZone国际著名高等学府prestigiousinternationaluniversities中外合作办学Sino-foreigncooperativeeducation 鲇鱼效应catfisheffect纷至沓来comeinflocks教育部theMinistrRofEducation意向书aletterofintent奠基thecornerstone-laRingceremonR全球网络大学aglobalnetworkuniversitR独立法人anindependentlegalentitR含金量thevalueofsth.优秀生源outstandingstudents高考collegeentranceeRamination第17课：英语体育运动资料汉译词语英译汉：thesteamengine蒸汽机thepneumatictRre充气轮胎theFootballAssociation国际足协kickingandgrabbing踢踏或者拉拽RugbRFootballUnion橄榄球协会WimbledonTennisChampionships温布尔登网球赛GrandSlam大奖赛thephRsicalandmentalcondition体能和健康athleticdisciplines运动规则第18课：汉语体育运动资料英译词语汉译英：中华民族精神thespiritoftheChinesenation古老文明意蕴thedeeperimportoftheancientcivilization华夏子孙品格hecharacterofCathaR’sdescendents奥林匹克史诗theOlRmpicepic经典华章asaclassicchapter东方思想easternwaRsofthinking民族气韵thenation’slastingappeal人文特质culturalqualitR精诚所至，金石为开CompletesinceritRcanaffectevenmetalandstone 和平、友谊、进步peace,friendship,andprogressofmankind更快、更高、更强faster,higher,andstronger第19课：英语旅游资料汉译词语英译汉：PlacedelaConcordeParis巴黎协和广场Washington’sPennsRlvaniaAvenue华盛顿宾夕法尼亚大街BuckinghamPalace白金汉宫financialdistricts金融中心GlobeTheatre全球剧院two-waRradios对讲机slumhouses贫民窟councilflats政府公寓drugabuse吸毒racialhatred种族歧视ChinesegatewaRs中国式牌楼London’sChineseCultureAssociation伦敦中国文化协会Chineseceramics中国陶瓷OdetoaNightingale《夜莺颂》Victorianlectureroom维多利亚演讲堂第20课：汉语旅游资料英译词语汉译英：树木苍翠eRuberanttrees流水潺潺babblingstreams洪水肆虐rampantfloods大禹RutheGreat碳酸钙calciumcarbonate奇花异草eRoticflowersandrareherbs灿烂如缤纷adazzlingsight深邃莫测beofimmeasurabledepth庙会atemplefair喧腾bebustlingwithactivitR石灰岩地质alimestonecomposition岩溶地貌ageologicalformationuniquetoakarstregion桂林山水theGuilinLandscapeinGuangRi云南石林theStoneForestinRunnan九寨沟自然保护区JiuzhaigouNaturalReserve 第21课：英语名人演讲汉译词语英译汉：Partisanfeeling党派的门户之见President-elect候任总统partisanrancor党派之争结下的仇恨theU.S.SupremeCourt美国最高法院rulingprinciple核心原则ElectoralCollege总统选举团popularwill公众意愿DeclarationofIndependence《独立宣言》第22课：汉语名人演讲英译词语汉译英：国际奥委会IOC国际奥委会评估团IOCEvaluationCommission北京陈述报告Beijing’sCandidateFile全民健身运动nationwidefitnesscampaign平均预期寿命averagelifeeRpectancR体育设施sportfacilities奥林匹克友谊合作基金OlRmpicFriendship-and-CooperationFund改革开放reformandopening-up有朋自远方来，不亦说乎Isitnotadelightafteralltohavefriendscomefromafar !第23课：英语汉译散文（无）第24课：汉语散文英译词语汉译英：痛自反省tointrospectwithremorse少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲OnewhodoesnotworkhardinRouthwillgrieveinvai ninoldage.体力渐衰theapproachingofone’ssenilitR鞭策自己tospuroneself悔之晚矣Itistoolatetorepent经书Chineseclassics圈点tomarkwordsorphrasesforspecialattentionwithsm allcirclesanddots时作时辍mReffortsatself-studRwereoffandon同文石印theTongWenlithographicedition前四史theFirstFourBooksofHistorR鼓起勇气topluckupenoughcouragetodosth.强迫运动compulsorRphRsicaleRercises嬉戏merrR-making第25课：英语小说汉译（无）第26课：汉语小说英译词语汉译英：连挂式大型公共汽车anarticulatedbus第27课：英语剧本汉译（无）第28课：汉语剧本英译词语汉译英：烂肉面noodleswithmincedpork藤椅cane/rattanchairs醉八仙theintoRicatedeightimmortals神食龛theshrineofthegodofwealth第29课：英语法律文献汉译词语英译汉：onthebasisofequalitRandfreewill在平等自愿的基础上intangibleasset无形资产all-weatherscalingrainandsnowmeter全天候称重降水量计frontdispersionvisibilitRinstrument前向散射能见度仪hotfieldwindsensor热场风传感器technicalvalue技术价值registeredcapital注册资本transferandhand-overformalities 权利转移手续processingdrawing加工图纸test-runmethod调试方法testingmethod检测方法tokeepinstrictconfidence承担严格的保密责任arbitrationproceduralrule仲裁程序规则comeintoforceandeffect生效第30课：汉语法律文献英译词语汉译英：著作权法CopRrightLaw实施条例regulationsfortheimplementationofsth.行使权利toeRerciseone’srights版式、装帧设计tRpographicaldesign专有使用权eRclusiverightofeRploitationinsth.有效期termofvaliditR合同约定地区theterritorRofeRecutiondefinedbRacontract 经济补偿economiccompensation保护期termofprotection著作权人thecopRrightowner国家版权局NationalCopRrightAdministration著作权公报copRrightbulletin。

2012年10月自考英语(二)真题试卷(精选)(题后含答案及解析)

2012年10月自考英语（二）真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Word Spelling 12. Word From 13. Translation from Chinese into English 14. Translation from English into ChineseV ocabulary and Structrue1．The findings of the survey went contrary_____what was expected.A．inB．onC．forD．to正确答案：D2．Skillful farming____them to support a large population.A．enabledB．forcedC．authorizedD．required正确答案：A3．Young _____he was, he was equal to the task.A．asB．ifC．althoughD．unless正确答案：A4．James refused to be____about his future plans.A．distinctB．specificC．relevantD．individual正确答案：B5．You should read this novel. It is____recommended by all critics.A．fairlyB．highlyC．mainlyD．strictly正确答案：B6．It’ s a great place to live in, except for the increasing volume of_____that passes under my window every day.A．activityB．trafficC．movementD．circulation正确答案：B7．We take this opportunity to express our sincere_____of your help.A．explanationB．obligationC．demonstrationD．appreciation正确答案：D8．He should_____to what he’s good at, and not try and do something he knows nothing about.A．lookB．leadC．stickD．point正确答案：C9．The old man spoke______length about his experiences in Africa.A．atB．inC．fromD．to正确答案：A10．I don’t think if the story is true, but I’ 11 try to___it.A．modifyB．simplifyC．verifyD．specify正确答案：CReading ComperhensionReading ComperhensionIf you start each day desperately wishing for an extra hour in bed, the following is likely to leave you feeling even more bad-tempered. Scientists have identified a “sleepless elite”—a small group of people for whom staying in bed longer is a waste of time. Rather than being tired and bad-tempered losers, they are an energetic, outgoing and optimistic group who can happily and healthily get bu on just four or five hours of sleep a night. And, they tend to bu slim, able to hold down two jobs at the same time, and handle their extra-long days easily without needing coffee or catnaps(小睡). Working out how the gene(基因)cuts sleep without any obvious impact on health could help in the design of drugs that give us all a few extra hours in our day. The bad news is that while many of us get bu on a few hours’ sleep a night, just one to three people in 100 qualify to be part of the sleepless elite. The research team is now calling for members of the lucky group to come forward to allow their DNA to be studied. Harvard University researcher Dr. Christopher Jones said: “My long-term goal is to someday learn enough so we can control the sleep mechanism without damaging our health. Everyboby can use more waking hours, even if you just watch movies. “Many of those who have already volunteered share fascinating characteristics. They are cheerful, thinner than average, and seem to have a high tolerance for physical pain and psychological setbacks. Dr. Christopher Jones told the New York Times: “Typically, at the end of a long phone interview, they will admit they have been sending short text messages and surfing the Internet and word games at the same time, all on less than six hours of sleep. “11．According to the passage, the sleepless elite______.A．perform less well than othersB．regard sleep as a waste of timeC．are energetic despite less sleepD．are likely to make others angry正确答案：C12．Researchers study the sleepless elite to______.A．develop the mechanism of sleepB．invent a healthy way to cut sleepC．find the impact of sleep on healthD．design drugs for sleepless people正确答案：B13．The phrase “come forward”(para. 4)is closest in meaning to______.A．volunteerB．donateC．contributeD．decide正确答案：A14．According to Dr. Jones, it is typical of the sleepless elite to______.A．sleep at least six hours a nightB．watch more movies than othersC．do more than one thing at a timeD．do word games better than others正确答案：C15．The passage is mainly about______.A．a disease which is related to genesB．a new drug that cures sleeplessnessC．recent studies on sleepless patientsD．people who do well with less sleep正确答案：DThere are a couple of things to know about the use of humor in a speech. One thing is to distinguish healthy and unhealthy humor. Unhealthy humor usually has a victim. It is based on differences. Healthy humor is taken from our everyday experiences and is based on the things people have in common. Therefore it unites them. Another thing is that when sharing humor with the audience a speaker has to take into account what part of the day it is. The “morning” audience can be tough, because everyone is just getting into work; the “lunch” audience is better, but the best time for sharing humor is dinner-time, because people relax after their working day and are more likely to feel the speaker. There are certain rules that ate strongly advised to be followed. The primary rule is not to offend anybody by a joke. The jokes ate not supposed to relate to the audience but to the speaker himself. When a speaker shares his personal stories he will be better accepted by the audience. He can kid about his fame, problems, image, etc. However, he does not have to belittle himself or sacrifice his reputation for a laugh. Besides, the jokes and humorous stories that are used by the speaker have to relate directly to the topic of his speech. The speaker is supposed to speak clearly and keep from laughing at his own story or joke while telling it, so that be can make it clear and to the point. Finally, once a joke is said it may not be repeated once more. So the speaker must not repeat a joke that fails or one that works. And, remember these tips always work: personal jokes, shortremarks that go well with the speech, good choice of vivid words and appropriate body gestures.16．Healthy humor differs from unhealthy humor in that it is______.A．intended to enrich one’ s experiencesB．linked to the things that people shareC．used most frequently to unite victimsD．based mostly on the differences in life正确答案：B17．The writer thinks that a joke works best with an audience who is______ A．busyB．toughC．hungryD．relaxed正确答案：D18．To connect closely with the audience, the speaker is advised to .A．repeat a good jokeB．laugh at his storiesC．joke about himselfD．improve his image正确答案：C19．According to paragraph 3, a joke should support______.A．the nature of an issueB．the fame of a speakerC．the subject of a speechD．the taste of an an audience正确答案：C20．One of the tips the writer gives for a successful speech is_____.A．vivid expressionsB．dramatic gesturesC．good time controlD．proper eye contact正确答案：AAre passwords out-of-date? It is starting to seem like it. Everybody hates them. These days a typical Internet user has dozens of online accounts. If you really want to bu safe, you need to generate a different password for each one, and each password needs to extremely complicated, with a mix of letters, symbols, and numbers. Who can keep all stuff in their head? Most people do not bother. Some just create one password and use it everywhere. Others might have a few password—one for all their banking and financial stuff, one for their social networks, one for email accounts. Problem is that if one site gets hacked, the bad guys now have the password you use elsewhere. There attacks are happening so frequently there days that you might as well assume there is no way to keep a password secret. Computer scientists realize the system is broken, and they are looking for alternatives. But most attempts have not been very good. Fingerprint readers require special hardware, and many people find them scary and don’t want to use them. Smart cards can be lost or stolen. Scientists have tried all sorts of other approaches, but they end up back with pass words. They are the least worst in a series of bad choices. Markus Jakobsson, a researcher in computer science, has produced Something he calls “fastwords” . Instead of inventing a password, you join three Simple words that come from a thought known only to you. If one day you were Driving to work and ran over a frog that ended up flat, you might choose “frog word flat”. You can enter the three words in any order, and the system still knows that you are you. If your mind goes totally blank, the fastwords system will tell You one of the three words, which should enable you to remember the original Thought and thus the three keywords. The fastwords system represents a step in the right direction, but it is not the promised land. Someone, somehow, needs to come up with something radically Different—and radically better—then what we have today.21．Today people find passwords____.A．difficult to createB．hard to rememberC．easy to figure outD．apt to be replaced正确答案：B22．We learn from paragraph 2 that many people use passwords____.A．without due cautionB．in a rational mannerC．with frequent changesD．In simple combinations正确答案：A23．Compared with password, other alternatives are even more____.A．complexB．confusingC．expensiveD．troublesome正确答案：D24．One unique advantage of fastwords is that they can be used____. A．with more certaintyB．with greater speedC．with more flexibilityD．with greater security正确答案：C25．The writer seems to think that fastwords___.A．offer a decisive resolutionB．are as safe as passwordsC．offer a hopeful inspirationD．are as Simple as passwords正确答案：CWord Spelling26．不同的a．v______正确答案：various27．肌肉n．m______正确答案：muscle28．传统a. t______正确答案：tradition29．幸运地ad．f______正确答案：fortunately30．影响vt．a______正确答案：affect31．边缘n. e______正确答案：edge32．怀疑的a．d______ 正确答案：doubtful 33．减少vt. r______正确答案：reduce 34．集合vt．a______ 正确答案：assemble 35．逐步的a．g______ 正确答案：gradual 36．可行的a．f______ 正确答案：feasible 37．污染n．p______ 正确答案：pollution 38．方便的a．c______ 正确答案：convenient 39．拉长v．s______ 正确答案：stretch 40．维生素n．v______ 正确答案：vitamin 41．经受vt．w______ 正确答案：withstand42．五十num．f______正确答案：fifty43．财政n．f______正确答案：finance44．发源vi．o______正确答案：originate45．两倍ad．t______正确答案：twiceWord From46．A war can _____(danger)millions of lives.正确答案：endanger47．We should know our strength as well as our___(weak).正确答案：weakness48．Due to circumstances beyond our control, the____(fulfill)of the contract will be delayed by several weeks.正确答案：fulfillment49．Organizing some challenging outdoor activities can help your employees___(sharp)their abilities.正确答案：sharpen50．My teacher gave me a letter of__(refer)when I applied for the job.正确答案：reference51．She made a favorable ___(impress)on me when I first met her.正确答案：impression52．They viewed these plans as an attempt to take a__(profit)market from Britain.正确答案：profitable53．There are many sales in the U. S. , during which time stores will____(low)their normal prices.正确答案：lower54．He__(respect)moved his hat when he entered the building.正确答案：respectfully55．There are no tickets left for this evening’ s__(perform).正确答案：performanceTranslation from Chinese into English56．这所学校向学生免费提供课本。

2012翻译资格考试笔译实务试题

2012翻译资格考试笔译实务试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)(60 point) The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)(30 points)It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here.“With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this,” Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen’s cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. “That is a fortune for people like us,” he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a “mother boat” equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river’s main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fis hing operations, as well as some of the peasants’ less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations.“The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account,” said the president of the local fishermen’s union. “They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing.”Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) (30 points)Topic 1 (选题一) Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basictheory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade—free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions—improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called “comparative advantage”.Here’s a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it’s more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lowerwage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power.“Free trade is not always a win-win situa tion,” Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Topic 2 (选题二) Uga nda’s eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren’s smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 privateuniversities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health is another, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda’s high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government’s newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the “restoration of security” at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.KEYS：Section 1: 英译汉 (60分)Part A (必译题)(30分)在亚马逊河的这一支流上捕鱼的农民就希望遇上那天的情况。

《英语翻译》自考真题试题及答案解析

《英语翻译》自考真题试题及答案解析总分：126分题量：47题一、单选题（共15题，共30分）1.Cicerosaid,“Indoingso,Ididnotthinkitnecessary（）A.totranslatewordforwordB.topreservethegeneralstyleC.tokeeptheforceofthelanguageD.tochangetheformoftheoriginal正确答案：A本题解析：暂无解析2.Egypt’sverysoilwasbornintheNile’sannualflood;withthefloodcamethelife-givingmudthatmadeEgyptthegranary oftheancientworld.（）A.埃及的土地就是尼罗河每年泛滥而形成的。

河水泛滥，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

B.埃及的土地就是尼罗河每年泛滥而形成的。

河水泛滥带来泥沙，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

C.因为每年河水泛滥，泥沙形成了埃及的土地，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

D.万物之所以能生长，是因为埃及的土地是尼罗河每年泛滥带来的泥沙而形成的。

埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。

正确答案：B本题解析：暂无解析3.Sinceeconomicreformbeganin1978,anaveragegrowthrateofalmost10%ayearh asseenChina’sGNPnearlyquadruple.（）A.自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值翻了两番。

B.自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎翻了几番。

C.自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增长了四倍。

D.自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以平均每年10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增加到原来的四倍。

浙江省2012年10月初级翻译技巧试题

浙江省2012年10月高等教育自学考试初级翻译技巧试题课程代码：06009请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。

2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

一、单项选择题(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)在每小题列出的三个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1. 对初学翻译的人有两条要求：忠实和通顺，其中A. 忠实指的是语言，通顺指的是内容。

B. 忠实指的是作者，通顺指的是译者。

C. 忠实指的是内容，通顺指的是语言。

2. 中国历史上出现过许多著名的翻译大师，但他们的翻译观则各不相同，东晋前秦时的高僧释道安主张______，后秦高僧鸠摩罗什倾向于______ ，唐高僧玄奘倾向于 ______。

A. 直译，意译，直译B. 意译，直译，直译C. 意译，直译，意译3. 关于风格的翻译，有的学者认为可译，有的学者则认为不可译。

主张风格可译的是下列学者A.茅盾、刘隆惠B. 周煦良、罗新璋C. 茅盾、罗新璋4. The canals were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges.A. 修运河的目的是为了游船的通行，而不是为了驳船的通行。

B. 修运河的目的不仅是为了游船的通行，也是为了驳船的通行。

C. 修运河的目的不是为了游船的通行，而是为了驳船的通行。

5. It may be that the birth and death of the day had some part in my feeling about the two ranges of mountains.A. 也许是每一天的生死挣扎使我对这两条山脉产生了不同的情感。

全国2012年10月自学考试英语写作试题

全国2012年10月自学考试英语写作试题(总分：100.00，做题时间：150分钟)一、课程代码：00603 (总题数：1，分数：0.00)二、Ⅰ. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points) (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1. The Magic of Music Music is one of the most common forms of entertainment. I can hardly think of anyone who doesn’t like music. It appears that wherever you go, music is playing or someone is listening to his or her MP3 or CD player. From middle school students to business executives, almost everyone seems to be a keen music lover. Why do people enjoy music so much?I believe music works like magic: it pleases our senses, lightens our moods, and helps to develop friendship. To begin with, music appeals to us greatly because heating is one of our most receptive and pleasure-feeling senses. Our ears are capable of heating and interpreting an extremely broad range of pitch and tones. Yet, other than music, the day-to-day sounds we usually hear are a scattered and unrelated series of overlapping middle tones, for example, voices and construction noise. The lack of harmony and variation in these sound waves can cause a headache. Conversely, music is the only kind of sound that is comprised of a harmonized and logical sequence of high and low tones. It is simply and naturally pleasing to our senses._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, music is of great value because it is a means of establishing a common interest among both friends and strangers. Friends frequently take pleasure in sharing new music. The quality of a particular piece of music is something that even strangers can agree on without much debate. Strangers from different countries can easily become friends through the simple process of singing or dancing together to music. Music, the only universal language, binds people together. Therefore, music has magic power which stimulates our senses and enhances our moods and emotions. It also serves as a means for establishing closer ties between friends and strangers alike. Indeed, a life without music would be boring and difficult.（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案： )解析：三、Ⅱ. Write an outline. (20 points) (总题数：1，分数：20.00)2. Leonardo da Vinci Leonar do da Vinci’s works of art made him world-famous. But there was far more to this great man of ideas than just the Mona Lisa’s pretty face. Leonardo is often thought of primarily as an artist, and with masterpieces such as The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa to his credit, his place in art history is assumed. Yet his notebooks show that his main interests lay elsewhere?—in engineering and technology. The notebooks are full of drawings and designs for all kinds of inventions—from calculating machines to tanks, from parachutes to helicopters. If his pioneering work on anatomy is also taken into consideration, we can easily see why Leonardo is considered one of the greatest geniuses of all time. He is not only an outstanding artist, but also a great scientist. Born in 1452, Leonardo was given only a rudimentary education in his early age. After ten years in the workshop of the artist Verrocchio, he set up as a freelance artist. Some of his works have survived, and reveal a stunning combination of technical skills with very careful observation. His works also reveal an emerging fascinationwith technology, with technical drawings of equipment of all kinds. Leonardo was particularly fascinated by the technology of warfare. At this time, Florence was at war with the Pope, and Leonardo realized that this was an opportunity to make use of his new inventions for better guns and other military equipment. However, the war ended before anything could come of his plan and he returned to his painting. At the age of thirty, he left his home town and eventually moved to Milan, where he spent seventeen years under the patronage of Ludovico Sforza, the Duke of Milan. Here he continued to combine his scientific and technological work with his painting, which was of perspective and proportion. During this period, he painted The Last Supper and developed his ideas for chemical weapons and flame-throwers. When Sforza was driven from power by the French, Leonardo returned to Florence and spent four years working for Cesare Borgia as an engineer and military architect. He now became fascinated with flight. He studied birds for clues about how to fly and drew sketches of machines resembling helicopters. In 1506, he returned to Milan and became increasingly focused on science. He began to study human anatomy and the circulation of blood. He also drew up a comprehensive guide to the working of living creatures. He died at Amboise in France, where he was welcomed by King Francois I. He continued to do the occasional sketch, a few designs and plans for buildings, but most of his time was devoted to sorting out his scientific papers. Only twenty-one of his dozens of notebooks survive. Just seventeen paintings have been ascribed to him with certainty, and some of those are tunfinished. Leonardo may not have achieved the perfection that he aspired to but he came closer to it in more fields than anyone before or since. Topic Outline:____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：()解析：四、Ⅲ. Compose an essay. (60 points)(总题数：1，分数：60.00)3.Many young people choose to overwork in order to make more money; however, persistent overwork will affect their health in the long,run. What is your opinion on this? Write a 300-word expository essay explaining your views.（分数：60.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：)解析：。

往年浙江省高等教育自学考试初级翻译技巧真题

往年浙江省⾼等教育⾃学考试初级翻译技巧真题往年浙江省⾼等教育⾃学考试初级翻译技巧真题⼀、单项选择题(本⼤题共10⼩题,每⼩题2分,共20分)在每⼩题列出的三个备选项中只有⼀个是符合题⽬要求的,请将其选出并将“答题纸”的相应代码涂⿊。

错涂、多涂或未涂均⽆分。

1．我国的翻译事业是从翻译佛经开始的。

下⾯哪项是我国现存佛经中最早的译本？A. 《妙法莲华经》B. 《四⼗⼆章经》C. 《四阿含》2．下列哪位强调翻译时应保持原作的总的风格和⼒量?A. CiceroB. Saint JeromeC. Theodore Savory3. 下⾯哪种表述是正确的？A. 英语中,并列谓语使⽤频繁,汉语中,分词短语使⽤频繁。

B. 英语中,分词短语或者并列句使⽤频繁,汉语中,并列谓语使⽤频繁。

C. 英语中,分词短语使⽤频繁,汉语中,并列谓语或者并列句使⽤频繁。

4．Total Chinese trade has also risen dramatically, from 1978 to 1983 Chinese exports increased from roughly $10 billion to $22 billion, while imports increased from $10 billion to just over $21 billion.A. 中国的贸易总额也显著增长,从1978年到1983年,中国的出⼝额从⼤约100亿美元增加到220亿美元,进⼝额从100亿美元增加到210多亿美元。

B. 中国的贸易总额也戏剧性地增长了,从1978年到1983年,中国的出⼝额从10亿美元增加到22亿美元,进⼝额从10亿美元增加到21多亿美元。

C. 中国的贸易总额也显著增长,中国的出⼝额从1978年的100亿美元,到1983年增加了220亿美元,进⼝额从100亿美元增加了210多亿美元。

5．She was so sweet,so soft-looking in her thin white dress.A. 她穿着那⾝轻薄的⾐衫,显得很甜蜜,很柔软。

2012自考英语《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷及答案

2012自考英语《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷及答案第一篇：2012自考英语《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷及答案2012自考英语《英汉翻译教程》预测试卷及答案PART ONE (30 POINTS)1.There are three main groups of oils: animal, vegetable and mineral 【】. A.油可以分为三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。

B.油可以分为三给：动物油，植物油，矿物油。

C.油可以分为三组：动物、植物、矿物油。

D.有油三大类：动物油，植物油，矿物油。

2.No other country is so dependent on a single lifeline. Egypt’s very soil was born in the Nile’s annual flood.【】A.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线。

埃及的非常之土地也是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。

B.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着简单的条生命线。

埃及的土地是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。

C.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线。

就连埃及的的土地也是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。

D.任何别的国家都不像埃及这样依赖着唯一的一条生命线，其土地是尼罗河洪水每年泛滥而带来的。

3.His air of complete self assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake.【】 A.他和我握手的时候是那样热情，那样真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使人害怕。

B.他和我握手的时候是那样热情，那样真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使我害怕。

C.要不是他和热情真挚的握手，他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使我害怕。

2012年度1月、4月、7月、10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试_英语(二)试卷及答案

2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷PART ONE（50 POINTS）1．Vocabulary and Structure（10 points，1 point each）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1．All theories______from practice and in turn serve practice．A．differ B．rangeC．recover D．originate2．There is little______increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading．A．aim B．useC．valueD．meaning3．what you say now is not______with what you said yesterday．A．insistent B．prevalentC．consistent D．permanent4．Putting prisoners in chains doesn’t solve the______0f crime，such as poverty or disaffection within society．A．causes B．victimsC．purposesD．increases5．Binary stars，as their name suggests，are twin stars whose position in space______ each other．A．affects B．expects C．perfects D．inspects6．All evidence relevant______the case should be gathered and analyzed．A．with B．toC．from D．for7．Come what______we’ll go ahead with our plan．A．can B．need C．may D．must8．We should______primary importance to the development of economy．A．attach B．convertC．attribute D．contribute9．Examiners who are______to favorites are criticized by many people．A．indifferent B．similar C．equivalent D．partial10．Look for small ways to add activity to your day, like taking the stairs______the elevator or going on a short walk．A．in spite of B．instead ofC．in terms of D．in view ofII．Cloze Test（10 points，1 point each）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

自学考试英语翻译词语翻译

自学考试英语翻译词语翻译在自学考试中，英语翻译是一项重要的考核内容，而词语翻译则是其中的基础和关键环节。

准确地翻译词语对于理解和传达整个句子、段落乃至篇章的意思都至关重要。

首先，我们要明确自学考试英语翻译中词语翻译的特点。

这类翻译通常要求在有限的时间内，凭借自身的语言能力和知识储备，将给定的英语词语准确、恰当、自然地翻译成中文。

与日常的英语学习不同，自学考试更注重考查对词语在特定语境中的理解和运用。

在进行词语翻译时，词汇量的积累是必不可少的。

这就需要我们在日常的自学过程中，通过阅读各种英语材料，如英文报纸、杂志、小说等，不断扩充自己的词汇量。

同时，还可以利用词汇书、单词记忆软件等工具，有针对性地背诵和复习重点词汇。

然而，仅仅记住单词的拼写和释义是远远不够的。

对于许多英语单词，其在不同的语境中可能会有不同的含义和用法。

比如“run”这个单词，常见的释义有“跑”“经营”“运行”等。

在“ He runs a company ”这个句子中，“run”就应该翻译为“经营”。

因此，我们在自学时要特别注重对单词多义性的学习和掌握，通过大量的例句来理解和记忆单词在不同语境中的具体含义。

此外，英语和中文在词汇的搭配和习惯用法上也存在很大的差异。

一些看似简单的词语组合，在翻译时可能需要根据中文的表达习惯进行调整。

例如，“ heavy rain ”应翻译为“大雨”，而不是“重雨”；“ strong wind ”应翻译为“强风”，而不是“强壮的风”。

这就要求我们在自学过程中，留意并积累这些常见的词汇搭配和习惯用法，避免在翻译时出现中式英语的错误。

在自学考试的词语翻译中，还经常会遇到一些专业术语和固定短语。

对于这些内容，我们需要进行专门的整理和学习。

比如在商务英语中，“ balance sheet ”是“资产负债表”，“ profit and loss statement ”是“损益表”；在医学英语中，“cardiovascular disease ”是“心血管疾病”，“ diabetes mellitus ”是“糖尿病”。

全国2012年10月自学考试语言与文化试题

全国2012年10月自学考试语言与文化试题(总分：100.00，做题时间：150分钟)一、课程代码：00838 (总题数：1，分数：0.00)二、I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(20%)(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1. Anthropological culture refers to ______.（分数：1.00）A.culture in its broad senseB.culture in its narrow sense √rge C cultureD.academic culture解析：本题主要考查人类学文化。

狭义的文化又被称作“小写c文化”或“人类学文化”。

2.Which of the following is NOT an example of the components of small c culture?（分数：1.00）A.Houses and foods. √B.Political organizations.C.Gestures and facial expressions.D.World views.解析：本题主要考查狭义的文化的内容成分。

“小写c文化”即狭义的文化，它不包括物质生产，它强调一个民族的风俗、习惯和行为模式，并关注制约它们的价值体系、世界观和民族性。

它也强调人们建立起来的社会制度与社会组织等。

自考英语翻译历年真题

目录全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试 (10)全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试 (12)全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试 (16)全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试 (18)全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试 (20)全国2009年4月自学考试英语翻译 (23)全国2009年7月高等教育自学考试 (26)全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试 (28)全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试 (31)全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试 (33)2000年4月全国英语英语翻译试卷、答案本试题分两部分，第一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题，选择题20分，非选择题80分，满分100分。

考试时间150分钟。

全部题目用英文作答（英文翻译题目除外），并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分。

PART ONEⅠ.Multiple Choice Questions（20 points, 2 points for each）A、Directions:This part consists of five sentences, each followed by four different translations labeled A、B、C and D. Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.1.In the years that followed, Bill learned to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words.A.在以后的岁月里，比尔就这样学着拼写，并且学会了拼写许多单词，真叫人难以理解。

B.在往后的几年里，比尔就这样学着拼写，虽然不理解意思，却也学会了拼写许多单词。

C.在尔后的年月里，令人不解的是，比尔就这样学着拼写，居然也学会了拼写许多单词。