大学英语翻译教程-第八讲共32页
翻译课程 第8讲 正说反译和反说正译
翻译课程第8讲正说反译和反说正译广西师范学院《英汉互译（一）》课程教案编号: 15-8 开课单位：外语系授课教研室：翻译写作课程名称：《英汉互译（一）》授课教师：唐旭光教材：《新编英汉互译教程》，授课对象：06级英语专业2、3、5班《英汉互译（一）》第八讲正说反译与反说正译（Conversion Between Positive and Negative Expressions）17. He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.他提醒了我，要不然我就会把这事忘了。
7. 原文中的介词在译文里从反面表达18. The book is beyond the knowledge of a five-year-old child.这本书五岁孩子读不懂。
19. I am embarrassed to write of “God’s presence”. God is off my beat.我决不会就“上帝的存在”挥笔撰文，上帝不属于我工作的范围。
20. Child-development experts warn parents against placing unreasonable expectations on school-age children.儿童成长专家警告说，家长不要对学龄儿童寄予不合理的期望。
21. How delightful it would be, I thought, to have months of clean snow and a landscape sparkling with frost instead of innumerable gray featureless days of rain and raw winds.我想，如果我们这里经常是个冰雪积月、霜华璀璨的景色，而不是像现在这种苦雨凄风永无尽期的阴沉而乏特色的日子，那该会多么令人喜悦啊！22. His behavior is above praise.他的行为不止是值得称赞的。
Unit 8 Nature and Nurture新编大学英语第二版第三册课文翻译
Unit 8 Nature and NurtureTwins, Genes, and EnvironmentHeredity or environment: which is stronger? The potentials which a person is born with determine in some way what he will do in life. Therefore heredity is fate, a kind of predestination. However, genes do not work in a vacuum; as soon as we begin considering the role that they play in the development of the individual, we see that there can be no development without the interacting environment. No characteristic is caused exclusively by either environment or genes.The relative effects of heredity and environment are most clearly observable in identical twins. Most identical twins are raised together and are remarkably alike in both appearance and behavior. These cases demonstrate that individuals with the same genes, when raised in the same environment, will respond to it in much the same way. They do not indicate what would happen if these identical individuals were raised separately.A number of studies have been made of identical twins raised apart. The twins who were the subjects of these studies lived in America, were raised in much the same physical environments, and experienced much the same nutritional histories. Therefore, as one might expect, they maintained the closest resemblance to each other in physical appearance, height, and weight. Exceptions occurred when one twin had developed a rather severe illness and the other had not; but on the whole everyone is impressed by the great psychological and physical likenesses that exist between identical twins, even those who have been separated from infancy.In a study of nineteen sets of twins who had been separated from birth, investigators found that in approximately two thirds of the sets there were no more significant differences than existed among unseparated pairs of twins. This strongly suggests the power of the genes and the limitation of the effect of environment. However, it must be remembered that, although the identical twins who were studied lived in different families far removed from each other, the environments in those families were not, on the whole, substantially different. Usually every effort would be made to put each child in a home with a background similar to that of its own family, and therefore it should not be surprising to find that the twins developed similarly. But in those cases in which there had been a greater difference in the environments of the separated twins, the differences between the twins were more substantial. The following case illustrates what happens to identical twins when they are brought up in contrasting environments.Gladys and Helen were born in a small Ohio town and were separated at about eighteen months of age. They did not meet again until they were twenty-eight years old. Helen had been adopted twice. Her first foster parents had proved to be unstable, and Helen had been returned to the orphanage after a couple of years; after several months she was again adopted, by a farmer and his wife who lived in southeastern Michigan. This was her home for the next twenty-five years. Her second foster-mother, though she had had few educational advantages herself, was determined that Helen should receive a good education; Helen eventually graduated from college, taught school for twelve years, married at twenty-six, and had a daughter.Gladys was adopted by a Canadian railroad conductor and his wife. When she was in the third grade, the family moved to a rather isolated part of the Canadian Rockies, where there were no schools, and Gladys' formal education came to an end, and was not resumed until the family moved to Ontario. She stayed at home and did housework until she was seventeen, and then went to work in a knitting mill. She went to Detroit at nineteen, got a job, and married when she was twenty-one.Helen had been healthier than Gladys, in childhood and adulthood, but other than that, their environments had been very similar except for their educations. Their weight, height, hair color, and teeth were very similar. The differences that distinguished them were obviously associated with the different social lives they had led.Helen was confident, graceful, made the most of her personal appearance, and showed considerable polish and ease in social relationships. Gladys was shy, self-conscious, quiet and without charming or graceful manners. A scientist who studied them remarked, "As an advertisement for a college education the contrast between these two twins should be quite effective."Considering the nature of their environmental experiences, the differences in Helen and Gladys are not surprising. Since psychological traits depend so much upon experience, it is to be expected that they will reflect it. On the other hand, traits that are not liable to be influenced by the environment are more likely to exhibit a high degree of similarity in identical twins. Important as they are, genes alone are never absolutely responsible for any trait. What we can do is set by the genes, but what we actually do is largely determined by the environment.基因、环境与双胞胎遗传与环境究竟哪一个影响更大呢？从某种程度上讲，一个人生来具有的潜力将决定他一生的作为。
全新大学英语综合教程3-U8课文翻译
Human Cloning: A Scientist's StoryI was extremely close with my mother all my life. She was a brilliant educator, writer and wonderful woman. Sadly, she developed complications related to diabetes. When she lost her eyesight and most of her ability to walk, it was absolutely horrifying for me. She passed away from a fall seven or eight years ago. At her funeral, I swore that one day I'd do something about conditions like hers.我一生与母亲无比亲密。
她是一位卓越的教育家、作家，是一位了不起的女士。
不幸的是，她患上了糖尿病引起的并发症。
当她丧失视力和大部分行走能力时，我惊恐万状。
七、八年前，她摔了一跤便离开人世。
在她的葬礼上，我发誓有朝一日要为她那样的疾病做点什么。
2. Years passed and I read about the work the South Koreans had done with stem cells. In 2004 and 2005 Hwang Woo-Suk fraudulently reported that he had succeeded in creating human embryonic stem cells by cloning.时间一年年过去，我读到了韩国人在干细胞研究方面所做的工作。
在2004年和2005年间，黄禹锡谎称他已通过克隆技术成功地培养出人类胚胎干细胞。
新英汉翻译教程第八讲
white lie 善意的谎言 white-livered 怯懦的 white war 经济竞争，没有硝烟的战争 white coal 水力 white elephant 白象，累赘 white man 白人，善良的人
the blue 蓝天、海洋 blue films 黄色影片 blue gag 下流笑话 blue-collar 体力劳动者 blue women 有学问的妇女
绯红的天空绮丽无比，湛蓝的苍穹飘着一条条朦胧 的红彩；美丽宁静的树上百鸟争鸣，灿烂的一品红伸 展参差的鲜红花叶；太美了，太美了，这景色令她欣 喜若狂。 红彩自苍穹的中间散开，似乎要染红丘陵上空的烟 雾，给树木洒上一层耀眼的硫磺般的色泽。世界真是 一个色彩的奇迹。
新标准大学英语综合教程课文翻译和课后习题答案 unit 8ppt课件
3 综合教程
制作
外语教学与研究出版社 版权所有
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Chinese or Western, it’s a time to relax
1 It's that time of the year when the world seems to be caught in a trance – the trance of end-of-year celebrations. End-of-year, I said.
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5 For good or bad, the world has possibly undergone more changes in the past two decades than it did in the past two centuries. We have used more resources, burnt more fuel, caused more pollution and killed off more animals and plants as we have come closer to each other to form a truly global village. Television, we thought, was the last uniting factor till we got a feel for the Internet.
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9 Most of the world follows the Gregorian calendar, including
us, in their day-to-day lives. So the festivals and special
大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)第8讲
第八讲翻译理论学习：1949年到文革前的翻译一、概述两个重要阶段1. 建国初到“文革”前的17年，2. 70年代末至今二、两次翻译工作会议1951年“第一届翻译工作会议”1954年“全国文学翻译工作会议”，三、17年翻译的大致情况1. 50年代初，俄苏文学作品和文学理论，东欧民主国家的文学作品。
2. 50年代中后期，欧美国家的文学，3. 50年代末至60年代初，亚非拉文学的译介受到重视，对欧美和苏联文学由正面译介转为批判性译介。
四、17年间重要翻译家和理论家张谷若，哈代的作品，翻译的特点是“地道”“四字格”，“注释”张友松：马克·吐温的作品王科一：《傲慢与偏见》、杨必：《名利场》杨苡：《呼啸山庄》叶君健：安徒生童话杨绛：《堂吉诃德》傅雷：法国文学翻译大师“重神似不重形似”《高老头》周作人：“音译名从主人”钱钟书。
“化境”翻译技巧学习：句子的翻译（一）：句子翻译概述一、词序调整（1）Even the wild animals of his homeland, it seemed to Kunta, had more dignity than these creatures. (Alex Haley, Roots)昆塔觉得，即使他家乡的野兽也比这群人自尊自重。
（插入语换序）（2）In this way an earlier and perhaps even greater crop might be obtained.用这种方法，庄稼可以早一点收获，收成或许更好些。
(定语换序)（3）From the moment they set foot on the territory of their motherland, they were warmly received by their compatriots.他们从走上祖国土地的时刻起，就受到同胞们热情接待。
（定语从句换序）（4）Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。
Unit 8课文翻译
4.What saved Jerry’s life? Jerry survived because of _______________________________________________________________.
“我知道我必须采取行动。“你怎么办的？”我问。“嗯，护士问我是否对 什么过敏，”杰瑞说，“我的回答‘是的’。这是医生和护士都停下手中的工 等着我的回答。我大声的叫道‘子弹！’ ”
Over their laughter, I told them. „I am choosing to live. Operate on me as if I am alive, not dead.‟” Jerry lived, thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing attitude. I learned from him that every day we have the choice to live fully. Attitude, after all, is everything.
每种情况都是个选择每种情况都是个选择每种情况都是个选择每种情况都是个选择每种情况都是个选择每种情况都是个选择每种情况都是个选择每种情况都是个选择由你来选择如何让应对
Unit 8
Attitudes and Happiness
组员： 杜梦菲、胡静、周海龙、 贺伟、葛晴峰、董涵、董浩、
Jerry was always in a good mood and had something positive to say. When someone asked him how he was doing, he would reply, “If I were any better, I would be twins!”
专八翻译讲解PPT课件
词汇问题
❖ 忽视词的语境含义 ❖ 拘禁：be taken into custody (be confined in) ❖ 忽视词的轻重色彩 ❖ 宠爱：indulge, pamper (dote on) ❖ 忽视词的语体风格 ❖ 隔离：be in quarantine (be isolated) ❖ 忽视词的修辞含义 ❖ 兜上心头：come up to my heart (be overwhelmed
❖ 8-7 Good translation with few inaccuracies
❖ The translation reflects almost all the original passage with relatively few significant errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is
❖ 参考译文：All of a sudden, I was overwhelmed
by the feeling of being forgotten and abandoned. With grief and indignation, I could not help crying my heart out.
by)
句法问题
❖ 译文句式单一，并列句一统译文。 ❖ 受汉语结构影响，断句不果断，亦步亦趋 。 ❖ 受汉语结构影响，译文句子主从不明，逻辑松散。 ❖ 一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾
客云集，笑语四溢。 ❖ At one dusk in spring, flowers were blooming wildly
English-Chinese Translation
《大学英汉翻译教程》PPT课件
1. 我们必须培养分析问题，解决问题的能力。
We must cultivate the ability to analyse and solve the problems. 2. 多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象。 For many years, there has been serious unemployment in that country. 3. 他们是亲密无间的朋友。 They are close/ bosom/ intimate friends. 4. 这些新型汽车速度快，效率高，行动灵活。 The new cars are fast, efficient and handy.
大学英语翻译专题讲座
英译汉
Translation
Unit 1 增词法和减 词法
Amplification and Omission
一、为了保证语法结构的完整：
代词：汉语中有许多没有主语的句子，英语 则一般需要主语。另外汉语中很多名词前都 没有代词，需要增补。 1．大作收到，十分高兴。 I am very glad to have received your writing. 2．没有调查就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. 3．把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲 一遍。 After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words.
4． 我们响应了祖国的号召。
We responded motherland.
to
the
call
of
our
大学英语翻译教程
大学英语翻译教程COLLEGE ENGLISH TRANSLATION COURSE大学英语翻译教程目录绪论易学难精话翻译第一单元词的选择翻译短文段和段律师事务所的创建词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧词的选择课外练习翻译欣赏第二单元词的增补翻译短文理解魔鬼词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧词的增补课外练习翻译欣赏第三单元词的省略翻译短文运动员的情操词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧词的省略课外练习第四单元词类的转换翻译短文手机商面临新的肿瘤诉讼案词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧词类的转换课外练习翻译欣赏第五单元虚词的翻译翻译短文重视精神健康词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧虚词的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第六单元比喻性词语的翻译翻译短文银元词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧比喻性词语的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第七单元连动式和兼语式的翻译翻译短文反腐败词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧连动式与兼语式的翻译翻译欣赏第八单元无主句的翻译翻译短文经济建设与经济体制改革词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧无主句的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第九单元语态的转换翻译短文中国面临新挑战词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧语态的转换课外练习翻译欣赏第十单元否定的翻译翻译短文我所追求的幸福词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧否定的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十一单元四字词组的翻译翻译短文正视失意词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧四字词组的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十二单元“把”字句的翻译翻译短文贷款消费时代的到来词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧“把”字句的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十三单元“是”字句的翻译翻译短文工商管理硕士词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧“是”字句的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十四单元长句的翻译翻译短文何时会在中国人的土地上出现获诺贝尔奖的作业？词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧长句的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十五单元数量词的翻译翻译短文彩票词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧数量词的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十六单元科技文本的翻译翻译短文了解什么是多媒体词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧科技文本的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十七单元新闻文本的翻译翻译短文布莱尔会见李肇星词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧新闻文本的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十八单元旅游文本的翻译翻译短文泰山词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧旅游文本的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第十九单元广告文本的翻译翻译短文阴阳健身球词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧广告文本的翻译课外练习翻译欣赏第二十单元其他实用文本的翻译翻译短文其他应用文的翻译词汇提示难点解析参考译文翻译技巧概述商务信函338课外练习翻译欣赏练习参考答案绪论易学难精话翻译曾经以为“一个人要学好一门外国语就必须首先忘记本族语”，在经历了“学，然后知不足；教，然后知困”才明白，马克思先生的这一主张不仅不符合中国国情，连“普遍原理”都算不上。