虚拟语气汉译英
虚拟语气翻译
1。
没有你的帮助的话，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。
（finish, without）We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help。
2.对于这件事,到了该做点什么的时候了.(It is high time that…）It is high time that something should be done about t.3。
要不是因为你的慷慨相助,我们不可能这么快完成这项工作.(but for， finish）But for your generous help, we couldn’t have finished the work so soon。
4.我要是早知道你来的话,一定会去机场接你。
(if， meet)If I had known you were coming, I would have met you at the office。
5。
如果我是你的话，我就改掉这个坏习惯。
(if, get rid of)If I were you, I would get rid of this bad habit。
6。
我强烈建议采取一系列的有效措施来防止这一点。
（suggest）I strongly suggest that a series of effective measures （should) be taken to stp this.7.要是你早点告诉我就好了。
(wish）I wish you had told me earlier。
8.他若不来可真是遗憾。
(It is a pity that…）It is a pity that he (should) not come。
9.他真希望以前更加努力工作就好了。
(would rather)He would rather he had worked harder before。
翻译之虚拟语气
虚拟语气第一种: 由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子(1). 与现在的事实相反 [If --- + 过去式（be一般用were）---, --- + would do---]If I were you , I would marry him. 如果我是你,就会嫁给他。
(2). 与过去的事实相反 [If --- + had +过去分词---, --- +would have done---]If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam. 如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。
(3). 与将来的事实可能相反 [If ---+ should +动原/wereto+动原/过去式---, ---+ would do---]If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ? 如果明天下雨,你怎么办?【真题】Linda __________________________________(不可能收到我的电子邮件)；otherwise, she would have replied.（2011,12）Couldn’t have received my email【真题】You would not have failed if you _______________________________(按照我的指令去做).（2009,12）You had followed my orders.解析：考点是虚拟语气。
【真题】If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary______________________________________ (就不会被大雨淋湿了).wouldn’t have been caught in the heavy rain .解析：考点是虚拟语气、词汇。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away.如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
虚拟语气的用法1.虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。
May you be happy.祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
2.动词suggest, advise, order, insist, propose, demand, require等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气，"should" 可以省略. 这些动词的名词形式后的表语从句和同位语从句也要用虚拟语气。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：主语+过去时主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do例:1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。
（事实：没带钱）5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。
（事实：没有努力）2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：主语+had done主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done例： 1. If I had gotten there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。
（事实：去晚了）2.If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示对将来情况的主观推测从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+did/were③if+主语+should+do主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do例： 1.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
虚拟语气,汉译英句型
常考虚拟语气句型第一种：由“ if ”引导的虚拟句子1. 与现在的事实相反：[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]If I were you , I would marry him. 如果我是你,就会嫁给他。
2. 与过去的事实相反：[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.如果你用功学习,就会通过考试了。
3. 与将来的事实可能相反：[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ? 如果明天下雨,你怎么办?第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的动词或名词从句中，从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。
insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。
第三种：用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essen tial , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等, 以及insisted , suggested , ordered , requested , arranged , recommended 等) + that ---”结构中的that 引导的主语从句中，从句谓语形式为：“---(should ) + do sth”(在美语中should常省去) 。
英译汉常见的虚拟语气译误
英译汉常见的虚拟语气译误
一、Would
1．尽管过去经济困难，但是，我们将会共同努力克服它。
2．事情若是像我们想象的那么容易，你要不会来到这里了。
3．你这么做的话，就能获得成功。
4．我他们若是早知道这个消息，就不会来这里了。
二、Should
1．你若不努力的话就不可能成功。
2．你若急于做某件事，可能会犯错误。
4．如果你能控制自己，你就不会遇到麻烦了。
三、May/Might
1．如果你能做到，你将成功。
如果你能做到，你可能会成功。
2．如果我坚持走下去，也许会有结果。
3．如果他们及时采取行动，结果会不一样。
4．如果我们能仔细考虑，可能会得到最佳答案。
大学英语语法-虚拟语气
虚拟语气1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。
(事实上是不知道)2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.他真希望没有失去机会。
(其实已失去)3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)你希望她第二天会到。
(事实上她还没到)Subjunctive Mood作为专门表达假设意义和其他非事实意义的动词形式，仅是古英语遗留下来的残余。
它仅有两个形式，即be型虚拟式和were型虚拟式。
Be型虚拟]-----be型虚拟式是以动词原形表示的，不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用原形，如动词为被动态，则助动词be也用原形。
其主要用法如下：1)用于表命令、决定、建议、坚持等词语之后的that分句中这一用法又分三种情况：a)用在decide,decree,demand,insist,move,order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require, suggest,vote等动词之后的that分句中.（宾语从句）在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。
He ordered that all the books be sent at once.He ordered that all the books be sent at once.we propose that somebody neutral take the chair.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.b)用在advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,nece ssary,obligatory,proper等形容词之后的that分句中。
虚拟语气动词词组的翻译
tribute, no greater memorial than the building up of a communist party in Great Britain. —— Lenin's Death 写 此 文 时, 列 宁已 经 逝世 , 他实 际 上已 不 能 再 desire(期望)了. 因此would desire这个动词词组,只不 过表示作者根据列宁一生的言行,在想象中推断列宁 对于我们对他的崇敬和悼念的态度罢了.这句话说明 列宁是不会期望我们对他如何崇敬和悼念的,而他所 期望的不过是早日在英国建立一个马列主义的共产党 罢了.因此译文应传达 would desire 的确切含义,并须 用反诘句处理否定的比较级这种收敛的强调语气,才 能更准确地传达了原作者的感情,这样虽然表层等值似 乎减少了,"期望"起了"化学"变化,译成"使他感到 欣慰."句型也应发生转变:陈述句转换成反诘句. 但句型的交际功能没有变,主位(theme)仍是对列宁的 崇敬和悼念,述位 (rheme) 仍是在英国建立共产党. 差 别在于把"列宁期望对他的崇敬和悼念"转换成"使 他感到
汉语表示虚拟的手段则运用丰富的语气副词倒可就早就本来原来果真真准竟简直几乎该偏偏等和语气助词英语虚拟语气动词组常常是多义的可以表示想象假设希望建议委婉等只有根据情境才能确定其精选ppt深层的确切语义才能准确选用汉语的语气副词和语气助词才能找到达到最大等值的汉语动词词组的句式
英语虚拟语气动词词组的翻译
欣慰".这一转换使修辞层和深层的等值量大大增加, 有利于达到最大等值的目的. 试译:而我们对于列宁同志的崇敬和悼念,难到还有 什么比在英国建立起一个共产党更使他感到欣慰的吗? 例7:Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. ——How to Grow Old. 请看庄绎传的译文:如果青年人由于某种原因认为自 己有可能在战斗中死去,想到生活所能提供的最美好 的东西,自己全都无法享受,觉得受了骗,因而感到 痛苦,这是无可指责的. 此句译文在处理thought同位语从句中省略should 的表 示 想 象 中 将 来 会 出 现 的 情 况 的 动 词 词 组 have been cheated译为"觉得受了骗",表层是等值的.但从深 层和修辞层看,这是想象中将来有朝一日会受骗,一 种
高中英语虚拟语气翻译练习(汉译英)
虚拟语气汉译英翻译练习1.要是当时我们早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。
If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.2.如果早点修一下，拖拉机就不会抛锚了。
If repaired earlier，the tractor wouldn’t have broken down.3.我要是带了水就好了。
If only I had brought water!4.他坚持我在他们离开后再打开这个信封。
He insisted that I open the envelope after they left.5.营地管理员建议我们使用胡椒喷雾。
The camp manager suggested that we use the pepper spray.6.小女孩建议我留下来和他们一起吃饭。
The little girl suggested that I stay to have dinner with them.7.如果我的父亲知道了，他肯定会很生气。
If my father ________(know) this, he would hit the ceiling.8.我希望你（刚才）能听我把话说完。
I wish you ___________(let) me finish my sentence.9.如果我处在你的位置，我也会这么做的。
If I were in your position, I would do the same.10.如果没有你，她不会又再次笑起来。
Without you, she wouldn’t smile again.11.他多么希望早上能多睡一会，但是他被隔壁邻居家的声音吵醒了。
How he wished he could ___________(sleep) longer, but he was waken up by the noise next door.12.本次活动要求每位学生在3月1号前报名。
虚拟语气翻译
虚拟语气翻译虚拟语气是一种语法形式，用来表达与事实相反的情况或假设。
在英语中，虚拟语气通常通过使用过去时态的动词形式来表示。
下面是一个700字的虚拟语气翻译示例：原文：如果我有一百万美元，我会买一辆豪华汽车。
翻译：If I had one million dollars, I would buy a luxury car.原文：要是他努力学习，他就能通过考试。
翻译：If he studied hard, he would pass the exam.原文：要是我会弹吉他，我会在派对上弹一首歌。
翻译：If I could play the guitar, I would play a song at the party.原文：如果他没有输掉比赛，他就会进入决赛。
翻译：If he hadn't lost the game, he would have made it to the final.原文：要是她早点告诉我，我会帮她的。
翻译：If she had told me earlier, I would have helped her.原文：假如我是你，我会接受这个机会。
翻译：If I were you, I would take this opportunity.原文：要是我们没有迟到，我们会赶上火车。
翻译：If we hadn't been late, we would have caught the train.原文：如果他参加比赛，他会赢得金牌。
翻译：If he were to participate in the competition, he would win the gold medal.原文：要是我生在古代，我会成为一名勇敢的战士。
翻译：If I were born in ancient times, I would become a brave warrior.原文：要是他有更多的时间，他会读更多的书。
虚拟语气二
It’s 你该走了。 high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go. 我们该去睡觉了 It’s time that we went to bed. 。 It’s time that we should go to bed.
• 8.(2003上海春季高考题 上海春季高考题)Look at the trouble 上海春季高考题 I am in! If only I ________ your advice. • A.followed B.would follow • C.had followed D.should follow • 9.She insisted that she ________ ill of him behind him，but he didn’t believe it. ， ’ • A.hadn’t spoken B.shouldn’t ’ ’ speak • C.wouldn’t speak D.not speak ’
虚拟语气
3. Simon looks as though he never ___ a square meal(吃得饱 though his 吃得饱), 吃得饱 parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get 4. He is talking so much about America as if he ___ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been 5. I ___ you some money, but I hadn’t got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away.如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
虚拟语气的用法1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。
May you be happy.祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey!祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out！你出去！2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。
动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气，宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望，要求。
I wish she would be on my side.我希望她能站在我一边。
I wish I could help him.我希望我能帮助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中，"should" 可以省略。
(完整word版)虚拟语气翻译
虚拟语气翻译If 条件句1.与现在事实相反从句：动词过去式（be 动词多用were）主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形If I were you, I should accept the invitation。
If I had time， I would go there。
2.与过去事实相反从句：had+过去分词主句:would/should/could/might + have doneIf you had come earlier， you couldn’t have missed the bus.If he had seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book。
3.与将来事实相反从句：should+动词原形were to+动词原形动词过去式（be 动词多用were）+ 将来时间状语主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow， the sports meeting would be put off. If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass, it would break。
4.混合时间条件句与主句If you had reviewed the lesson， you would answer the question now.If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you， I would have gone home。
5.条件句与主句的省略I would /should have it, but I was too busy then。
健身教练手册 翻译练习(三)虚拟语气1
健身教练手册翻译练习(三)虚拟语气1健身教练手册翻译练(三) 虚拟语气什么是虚拟语气？虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）是一种语气，用于表达想象、假设、建议、命令、愿望等与事实相反或未实现的情况。
使用虚拟语气的句型1. 虚拟语气表示与现实相反的情况- 条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气- 如果现在是过去时，条件句中使用"had + 过去分词"结构- 例如：如果我昨天有时间，我就去健身房了。
(If I had had time yesterday, I would have gone to the gym.)- 如果现在是现在时，条件句中使用"were"代替"am/is/are"- 例如：如果我是你，我会每天锻炼身体。
(If I were you, I would exercise every day.)- 表达对过去情况的虚拟语气表达对过去情况的虚拟语气- 使用"should have + 过去分词"结构来表示过去本该发生但未实现的情况- 例如：我应该锻炼身体的，可是我没有。
(I should have exercised, but I didn't.)- 使用"could have + 过去分词"结构来表示过去本可以发生但未实现的情况- 例如：我原本可以去健身房的，但我却选择在家休息了。
(I could have gone to the gym, but I chose to rest at home.)2. 虚拟语气表示愿望或建议- 以"would rather"开头的虚拟语气以"would rather"开头的虚拟语气- 表达对现在的愿望：主语 + would rather + 宾语从句（虚拟语气）- 例如：他更愿意我每天陪他一起健身。
虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想
虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。
即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。
在非真实条件状语从句中的用法真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
eg：If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。
( 真实) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。
（真实）If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。
（非真实，虚拟语气）If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。
（非真实，虚拟语气）用法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：主语+过去时主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do例：1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）3.If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
虚拟语气英译汉练习
虚拟语气翻译练习1. If I had known where he lived，I would have sent a note to him.2. If they had started earlier than expected，they would be here now.3. I didn't know his telephone number. Had I known it, I would have rung him up then.4. Mary is ill today. If she were not ill, she wouldn't be absent from school.5. Were I to do it，I would do it some other way.6. I should have told him the answer had it been possible，but I was so busy then.7. Without your help，we wouldn't have achieved so much.8. You didn't take his advice. Had you taken his advice，you wouldn't have made such a mistake.9. We wish we could have done what you did when we were at high school.10. She wishes she had gone to the theatre last night.11. Tom is very short now. His mother wishes that he would be tall when he grows up.12. My sister advised me that I should accept the invitation.13. He asks that he be given an opportunity to explain why he's refused to go there.14. Do you think of Wang Fang's suggestion that he invite Mr. Li to theparty？15. I insisted that he go at once.16. Li Ming insisted that he hadn't stolen anything at all.17. It is quite natural that my coming late again make them very angry.18. He acted as if he knew everything in the world.19. Read it aloud so that I may hear you clearly.20. They got up early in order that they might catch they first train.21. I am sorry that he should be in such poor health.22. That is a good book. You should have bought it yesterday.23. It is high time we went home.24. I'd rather that you went home.25. If only I had listened to the lecture！26. —— If he had been warned，he would not have takenthat food.---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.27. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she had come，she would have met my brother.28. Without electricity，human life would be quite different today.29. He might have given you more help，even though he was very busy.30. If city noises are not kept from increasing，people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.31. Mike's father，as well as his mother，insisted that he stay home.32. Mr. Smith insisted that he had done the work all.33. Jane would never have gone to the party had she known that Mary would come to see her.34. If you had enough money，what would you buy？35. If you hadn't seen that film late last night，you wouldn't be so sleepy now.36. Our monitor requested that all the class study the problem more carefully.37. —— Would you have called her up had it been possible？Yes, but I was busy doing my homework.38. His tired face suggested that he was really tired after the long walk.39. It is important that we close the window before we leave.40. I didn't know his telephone number，otherwise I would have telephoned him.。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）同学们大家好，今天我们来讲虚拟语气的第一部分。
那也就是说虚拟在if条件从句中的使用。
在我们的现实生活中，我们往往会异想天开一下，让我们的生活变得更加丰富。
比如说我们总爱想，“假如怎么样------”-“假如你是个大富豪你会做什么？假如你有了一百万你会做什么呢？”那么我们就可以这样子来问：“What would you do if you had a million RMB”那有的人会说：我把它作为慈善款捐给医疗机构“I would give it to medical research。
”那有的人会说：我要把它存到银行里“I’d put it in the bank。
” 如果用If条件从句来表示这个句子话我们就可以说：If I had a million RMB，I would give it to medical research。
那么我们可以说，“If假如” 这个所表示的就是我们要说的虚拟语气“subjunctive mood”。
虚拟语气：它是用来表示说话人的主观愿望或者假想。
所说的不是事实或者与事实还相反。
那么有没有一百万，这个可不是一下子就能得到的。
所以这个是一个假设。
也正如现在的虚拟网络，虚假的成分极大。
所以我们大家极应该提防，以免上当受骗。
学习虚拟语气，我们得先了解其相关的概念。
一：虚拟语气1语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
语气的种类1）陈述语气--陈述事实，用于陈述句、疑问句。
如：Everyone is careful .2）祈使语气--表示命令、请求等。
如：Be careful , everyone !3）虚拟语气：--表示并非事实的假设、主观愿望。
如：She demanded that everyone be careful.她要求人人要小心。
She wishes that everyone were careful.她真希望人人都能小心。
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题型介绍：
汉译英是四级考试的新题型(710分），5分钟处理5个句子，占5%的分值（35分）。
特点：1）内容单纯，不需要专业的理论知识。
2）名为翻译，实为补全句子。
每句只涉及15个单词，需添入的部分只有3到8个单词。
考点归纳:
（一）句法考查
1、虚拟语气
2、非谓语动词(分词、不定式
3、从句(名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句)
4、特殊结构（强调句型、倒装句）
5、情态动词
（二）短语考查
（一）句法考查
1、虚拟语气
a. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句中
2006年6月24日新题型真题
1) The professor required that ______ (我们交研究报告)。
Key: we hand in / turn in our research report(s)
wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气：
☆对过去的虚拟：过去完成式
He didn’t go to the party, but he does wish he ____ (当时在那里).
Key: had been there
☆对现在的虚拟：一般过去式
Sometimes I wish I _____ (生活在) in a different time and a different place.
Key: were living
☆对将来的虚拟：would + 动词原形
b. 虚拟语气用于It is adj./n. that 结构中
It is essential that these application forms ______ (尽早寄出去).
Key: be sent as early as possible
此结构的形容词包括：
advisable, desirable, elementary, essential, important, incredible, vital, obligatory, strange, urgent, crucial,compulsory, necessary, etc. 它们多半表示“重要性”“必要性”和“合适性”，有较强的建议命令和规劝色彩
此结构的名词包括:
a pity, a shame, no wonder that
c. 虚拟语气用于表语从句和同位语从句中
The suggestion that the mayor _____ (颁奖) was accepted by everyone.
Key : (should) present / award the prizes
类似的名词有：
advice, decision, demand, order, instruction, command, motion, proposal, request, requirement, recommendation, suggestion等表示愿望、建议、命令等情绪的名词
d. 虚拟语气用于状语从句中
1) The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he ______ (伤害自己).
Key: (should) injure himself
2) He was punished lest he ____________ (再犯同样的错误).
Key: (should) make the same mistakes again
lest 或for fear that 引导的目的状语从句，用should + 动词原形。
She hurried to school ___________ (生怕迟到).
Key: for fear that she (should) be late for class
但in case 引导的目的状语从句，不一定用should + 动词原形，可以用陈述语气。
Give me your telephone number, ______________ (以便我需要你的帮助).
Key: in case I need your help
Take the umbrella with you ______ (万一下雨).
Key: in case it rains
▲比较：
The games will be postponed in case it snows.
The games will be postponed in case it should snow.
注：in case it snows比in case it should snow可能性大些
e. 虚拟语气用于某些特定结构中
▲If only
Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I __________ (听从了你的建议). Key: had followed your advice
与wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气一样：
§对过去的虚拟：过去完成式
§对现在的虚拟：一般过去式
§对将来的虚拟：would + 动词原形
▲ would rather + 从句
I’d rather you __________ (不带那些重要文件) with you.
Key: didn’t take those important documents
历年考题：
1) You don’t have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you went on business first.
2) I’d rather you didn’t make any comment on the issue for the time being.
3) Frankly speaking, I’d rather you didn’t do anything about it for the time being.
4) Wouldn’t you rather your child went to bed early?
5) The manager would rather his daughter did not work in the same office.
▲ It’s (high) time that 从句
All of us agree that it’s time____________ (我们采取相应的行动). Key: we took proper action
It’s (high) time that +主语+过去时
It’s (high) time that +主语+should +V.
例：
It’s time that you had a class.
It’s time that you should have a class.
可用It’s time for sb. to do sth.代替
It’s time (for you) to have a class.
注：用should+V.时, should不可省，但不如过去式普通。