七年级可数不可数名词

可数名词VS 不可数名词

一、可数名词单数变复数

注(1)：以元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数直接加-s，例：

toy → toys；day → days；boy → boys；key → keys

注(2)：以字母o结尾的单词,一般名词直接加-s,例：

photo→ photos；piano → pianos；zoo → zoos；

kilo → kilos；radio → radios

*但在中学阶段,有三个以o结尾的单词, 其后要加-es, 例：

hero → heroes；potato → potatoes；tomato → tomatoes 2. 初中阶段不规则变化单词：

tooth-teeth；foot- feet；goose-geese; man- men ; woman-women; child –children; sheep - sheep ; deer- deer；Chinese – Chinese

3. 复合名词变复数

(1)一般的复合名词，只把中心词（一般是第二个名词）变复数：

apple tree – apple trees; pencil box – pencil boxes

(2)由man和woman构成的复合名词，二者均变复数：

man doctor – men doctors; woman teacher – women teachers

二、不可数名词指不可以用数目来计算也不可以分成独立个体的名词。

1. 不可数名词通常包括:

物质名词如milk、water、ink…

抽象名词如love、peace…

2. 不可数名词通常只有一种形式，没有单复数之分。

三、可数名词与不可数名词的区别

1. 可数名词前可加不定冠词a/an，不可数名词不能。

以辅音音标开头的单数可数名词前加a，如：a book, a pen,

以元音音标开头的单数可数名词前加an，如：an egg, an hour 注：有时a/an后面紧接的不是单数名词，而是a /an +形容词+单数名词的形式。这时判断用a还是an，要看形容词开头字母的发音，而不是看名词。如：

a man - an English man, an elephant - a young elephant

2. 可数名词前可直接加数词，不可数名词前需加名词短语修饰。

one book, two books, three factories, a hundred students；

a cup of tea, two cups of tea, a glass of milk, two glasses of milk

3. 可数名词表示“一点儿”用a few, “大量”用many:

a few apples, many students, a few pens, many pencils

不可数名词表示“一点儿”用a little, “大量”用much:

a little water, much milk, a little money, much meat

但可数名词与不可数名词都可用a lot of/ lots of表示很多，

都可用some表示一些，如：some apples, some milk,

a lot of students, lots of pencils, a lot of milk, lots of meat

4. 提问“有多少”：

可数名词用How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句：How many books do you have?

How many pencils are there?

不可数名词用How much + 不可数名词+ 一般疑问句：

How much milk do you have?

How much meat is there?

注：询问价钱，可数名词与不可数名词都用How much

How much is + 不可数名词/可数名词单数

How much are + 可数名词复数/两种东西以上

How much is your coat?

How much is the meat?

How much are the potatoes?

How much are the coffee and the tea?