英语语法专题 定语从句
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语法专题定语从句
Part 1.定语从句的定义及其关系代词的使用
Step 1. 分析下列句型:
1. I can’t remember everything (that) happened during the time in university.
2. The film is about a spy (whose) wife betrays him.
3. Barbary was working in Beijing, (where) she went daily in a bus.
4. He said that he had never seen her before, (which) was not true.
5. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of (which) uses it somewhat differently.
总结:
在复合句中,用来修饰____________和____________的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰词叫____________, 用来引导定语从句的关联词叫_____________。定语从句分为____________和_____________。
(思考:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别是什么?)
_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ ________________
Step 2.关系代词的用法总结:
2)as 可以引导非限制性定语从句,既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,位置较为灵活,意为“正如…”,后面的谓语动词一般是:see, know, expect, say, mention, report, announce等。但是,which引导的非限制性定语从句,只能放在主句之后,意为“这一点”。
(1)________ is known to all, China is a developing country.
(2)He is from the south, ______ we can see from his accent.
(3)John, ________ you know, is a famous writer.
John is a famous writer, ________ you know.
(4)He has been to P aris several times, ________ I don’t believe.
3) 当先行词受such, the same,so修饰时,常用as
I have never heard such a funny story as he tells.
= I have never heard so funny a story as he tells.
This is the same book as I lost last week.
【注意1】当先行词由the same修饰时,偶尔也用that引导定语从句,但是和由as 所引导的定语从句意思不同
She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.
She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.
【注意2】定语从句such…as …与结果状语从句such… that…的区别:
He has such a good laptop as I want to buy.
Step 3.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
分析下列例句:
The man to whom he is talking is my father.
This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.
注意:“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时,介词的宾语只能用________(指物)和_________(指人)。即:介词+_____________/_______________.
思考下列两个句子的变化:
The man whom/that he is talking to is my father.
This is the pen which / that I wrote the letter with.
总结:当介词位于定语从句的末尾时,可用______/_______(指物),用_________/__________/__________(指人)作介词的宾语,而且做介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。
注意:在固定搭配的动词短语中,由于动词和介词不可分割,因此不能把介词位于关系代词之前。
判断正误:
This is the pen for which I’m looking. ( )
This is the pen which I’m looking for. ( )
(思考:关系代词充当什么成分时可以省略?)
Part 2.关系副词的使用及其与关系代词的转化
它在定语从句中的句子成分。如果引导词在定语从句中作主语或宾语,就要用which 或that。
请分析下列句子中应该使用的引导词:
1. This is the factory _________we visited last year.
2. This is the factory _________we worked last year.