托福TPO35口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
托福口语task4真题及解析-智课教育旗下智课教育
智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料托福口语task4真题及解析-智课教育旗下智课教育托福口语task4该怎样解题呢？答案和题目之间有什么关系呢？现在就跟着智课教育小编一起来学习吧！在托福口语 考试中，task4是比较难的题目，你知道这类话题该怎样解答吗?我们又应该怎样做才能在托福口语考试中取得高分呢?这类话题中的范文又应该怎样组织呢?现在就跟着智课教育小编一起来看看这则托福口语范文解析吧!Reading Part:Experimenter EffectOne objective of any experiment is, of course, to obtain accurate results. Sometimes, however, problems occur that lead to in accurate results. One such problem is the experimenter effect. ①The experimenter effect occurs when are searcher’s expectations affect the outcome of the experiment. The researcher expects a particular result from the experiment, and that expectation causes the researcher to act in ways that influence the behavior of the experiment participants, thereby invalidating the results of the experiment.Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.(male professor) ②For example, I recently read about a case in which a researcher was given two groups of monkeys and he was asked to train these monkeys to pick up a ball and put it in a box. And he was told to record how many hours it took to train each monkey to learn to do this.③Now, before he started the training, the researcher was told that one group of monkeys was highly intelligent and the other group was less intelligent. In truth, there was no difference between them. All the monkeys were actually very similar in terms of intelligence. But the researcher didn’t know that. Hethought one group was smarter, so he expected that group would be easier to train.So, what happened? Well, the researcher trained the monkeys to perform the action, and it turned out that.④ On average, it took him two hours less time to train the supposedly smart monkeys than the supposedly less intelligent monkeys. Why? ⑤Well, it turns out that with the supposedly smart monkeys the researcher smiled at them a lot, gave them a lot of encouragement, talked to them a lot, worked hard to communicate with them but with the monkeys he thought were less intelligent, he wasn’t this enthusiastic, he didn’t try this hard, wasn’t quite optimistic.Question:Explain how the example from the professor ’s lecture illustrates the experimenter effect.一.范文The professor talks about experimenter effect which occurs when a researcher’s expectation affect the outcome of an experiment. In the study, researcher was asked to train two groups of monkeys. He was told that one group of monkey was smarter than the other, although they are equally intelligent. It turned out monkeys from the first group took two hours less to train on average. The reason was that the researcher expected the smarter group to be easier to train so he smiled to those monkeys and encouraged them a lot during the training. But he didn’t work as hard with the monkeys from the other group.二.重点词汇1. objective：adj. 客观的;目标的;宾格的Our main objective was the recovery of the child safe and well.2. invalidate：vt. 使无效;使无价值An official decree invalidated the vote in the capital.3. encouragement：n. 鼓励Friends gave me a great deal of encouragement.4. enthusiastic：adj. 热情的;热心的;狂热的Tom was very enthusiastic about the place.三.重点句型1. ①when引起了时间状语从句，这句话给实验者效应下定义，实验者的期望有时候会影响实验的结果。
托福口语范文task4
托福口语范文task4Task4的题目流程和Task3是一样的，是Read/Listen/Speak三者结合，属于integrated speaking题型的。
不过是关于an academic topic。
总的来说，Task4比Task3的难度更加提升了一些下面是我为您整理的关于〔托福〕口语范文task4，希望对你有所帮助。
托福口语范文task4模板In the lecture， the professor mainly talked about the theory that_______.To reinforce the theory， the professor gave two examples / reasons in his speech. The first one is that_______. The other one is that______.And thats the two examples / reasons the speaker presented to explain his/her idea. (The conclusion is optional. ) 托福口语Task4听力题目及满分范文托福综合口语Task4听力原文Chaining BehaviorMany everyday human behaviors are made up of a sequenceof several simpler behaviors. In order to teach children to perform these complex behaviors, parents sometimes use a technique called chaining. First, parents identify each of the simpler component behaviors and determine the order in which these simpler behaviors are performed. Parents then start with the first task in the chain. When the child has mastered that element, parents then teach the second element together with the first and reinforce this effort. When these are performed 〔sat〕isfactorily, they move on to elements one, two, and three and so on, adding one behavior at a time. The behaviors are not taught in isolation; hence the term "chain.'托福综合口语Task4听力题目Question：Using the example of washing hands, explain the concept of chaining behavior.托福综合口语Task4满分范文：Chaining behavior is a technique used by parents to teach children a sequence of complex behaviors. For example, professor taught his daughter how to wash her hands. He divided this complex behavior into 5 steps, and taught hisdaughter one step at a time. He first showed his daughter step 1 and practiced it with her for a couple of days. When she has mastered this action, he showed her step 2 and let her practice both steps for another few days until she can do both by herself. Then he added the third step after, and also let her practice for a while until she can do them all. For the last two steps, he did the same thing as the previous three steps. Finally she could finish the hand washing all by herself.托福口语task4分析丨阅读文本：Reference GroupsOur thinking and behavior are often influenced by other people. When we admire and respect someone, we naturally try to imitate their behavior and attitudes. Groups of people whom we admire and whose behavior and attitudes we tend to imitate are known as reference groups. Reference groups provide a model a frame of reference that can shape how we think and behave. Over the course of a lifetime, we may beinfluenced by many different reference groups. As we grow older, or encounter new circumstances, our reference groups may change, and our attitudes and behavior may change accordingly.我们不难发现，定义句是第三句话，此外还有一句关键信息句即最后一句，表示我们的参照人群是会变化的。
托福TPO4口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO4口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO4口语Task3阅读文本： Evening Computer Classes May Be Added The computer department is considering offering evening classes in the fall. The proposal to add the classes is a response to student complaints that day time computer classes have become increasingly over crowded and there are no longer enough computers available. The department has decided that despite some added expense, the most cost-effective way of addressing this problem is by adding computer classes in the evening. It is hoped that this change will decrease the number of students enrolled in day classes and thus guarantee individual access to computers for all students in computer classes. 托福TPO4口语Task3听力文本： Now listen to two students discussing the article. (man) I just don’t think this will work. (woman) Why not? (man) Because it’s not gonna solve the problem. Students are busy at night, I mean, we have jobs, families, clubs, social events. Most of us already have something to do every single night of the week. (woman) I see your point. I sure couldn’t fit anything into my schedule during the week. I’ve got swimming practice most nights. (man) Right! And as far as expense goes, I think they’re going about it the wrong way. I mean, it cost money to hire more teachers and keep the academic building open later, which is a lot more expensive than simply just buying more computers. (woman) More computers? (man) That’s right! Computer prices have come way down the past few years. So the department won’t have to spend as much now as they did in the past. Besides, the computer department classrooms, you know, the rooms themselves, they are actually very big, there’s plenty of space to add more computers. 托福TPO4口语Task3题目： The computer department is considering a scheduling change. Explain the man’s opinion of the change and the reasons he gives for holding that opinion. 托福TPO4口语Task3满分范文： The school is planning to start offering evening computer classes due to it’s popularity and it will be cost effective. In the conversation the man disagrees with the school’s plan for the following reasons. First of all, many students are busy at night doing other activities. For example, they might have jobs, families, clubs and social events to attend to. He also thinks that the school should buy more computers to meet the needs instead of opening up more classes. Computer prices decreased a lot during the years, they have become very cheap. Hiring more teaching staff is going to be more expensive for the school in the long run, plus there will be enough space for the new equipment. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO4口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福口语task4听力文本
托福口语task4听力文本现在大家在进行〔托福〕备考时TPO托福模考软件相信是大家用的最多的工具了，关于托福成绩的提升是非常有帮助的。
托福听力可以说是整个托福考试当中比较重要的一个部分，下面是我为您整理的关于托福口语task4听力文本，希望对你有所帮助。
TPO9托福口语task4阅读文本：The Establishing ShotFilm directors use different types of camera shots for specific purposes. An establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene, usually taken from far away, that is used to provide context for the rest of the scene. One purpose of the establishing shot is to communicate background information to the viewer, such as the settingwhere and when the rest of the scene will occur. It also establishes the mood or feeling of the scene. Due to the context that the establishing shot provides, the characters and events that are shown next are better understood by the viewer.Using the professors example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used.TPO9托福口语task4听力文本：Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a film class.(male) The other day I went to this great new movie. And one of the scenes in particular I thought was really set up nicely. At the start of the scene, before the action and talking things started, you saw on the movie screen an image of a city. You could tell it was a big city. There were lots of buildings, tall ones, skyscrapers, and the cars and signs on the city streets looked old fashioned, like they were from the past, like the 1940s.The other thing I noticed right away from this first image, just when the scene started, was that the city seemed gloomy. You couldnt see much because it was, well, it was mostly darkness rather than sunlight. And there was only just little bit of light from street lamps. On top of that, it was raining and kind of foggy.All of these details were together to create a dark, gloomy, mysterious feeling. So then, when the action started and itshowed detectives talking to each other in the office, I already knew that the office was located in a tall building, in a big city, sometime in the 1940s. And I had a good idea that the events thatd be taking place would be pretty dark and mysterious because of the shot, the image I saw at the beginning of the scene.TPO9托福口语task4题目文本：Using the professors example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used.TPO9托福口语task4满分范文：Establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene in order to communicate background information to viewers and establish mood or feeling of the scene. The professor uses a movie he recently watched as an example. At the beginning of the movie, you can see an image of a city with tall buildings, skyscrapers. In the city the cars and signs are old-fashioned. It seems like the city is in the 1940s. Also, before the scene started, the city seemed gloomy. It was mostly darkness, with little light from street lamps and it was raining, kind of foggy. These give viewers a dark, gloomy mysterious feeling. So whendetectives are talking in an office, the professor had already known that the scene is a located in tall building, big city, sometime in the 1940s and the event is dark, gloomy and mysterious.新托福口语Task4题目:广告策略新托福口语Task4题目:ReadingAmbient advertising定义：Ambient advertising refers to an advertising strategy which using creative and unexpected ways to advertise the products.Listening例子：A snack bar make a deal with the train company and post the advertisement on the train, so compared with ads on books and magazines, people are more likely to see these ads and they may come to the snack bar to have something to eat. Snack shop in the train station also prints ads on the train tickets, in this way more customers will come to the shop.新托福口语Task4题目版本二:【名词解释】广告策略【教授举例】让广告不经意出现，比如一个snack在train ticket上做广告，这样上班族下地铁就会到四周的market去购买难度分析及注意事项此题是有关生物自我保护的一篇lecture，听力中的例子并不难，此题属于之前90分班课上讲解的类型之一，是课上必将的经典题目之一。
托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本： Target Marketing Advertisers in the past have used radio and television in an attempt to provide information about their products to large, general audiences; it was once thought that the best way to sell a product was to advertise it to as many people as possible. However, more recent trends in advertising have turned toward target marketing. Target marketing is the strategy of advertising to smaller, very specific audiences– audiences that have been determined to have the greatest need or desire for the product being marketed. Target marketing has proved to be very effective in reaching potential customers. 托福TPO5口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a marketing class. Professor (male) Nowadays something you notice more and more is television commercials that are made specifically for certain television programs. So, let's say, uh, a company wants to sell a telephone, a cell phone. Now during TV shows that young people watch, you know shows with pop music or teen serials, they create a commercial that emphasizes how fun the phone is. You know, the phone has bright colors and they show kids having a good time with their friends. And, well, the company wants the kids watching TV at this time to want to buy this phone, this phone that's made especially for them.But, the same company will make a different commercial to be shown during, say, a program about business or a business news show. Now, for this group of people, business people, the company will have to show how efficient their phone is, how it can handle all business easily and maybe even save money. And here is the thing: it’s basically the same phone. The company has just made two different commercials to appeal to different groups of people. 托福TPO5口语Task4题目： Using the professor’s examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing. 托福TPO5口语Task4满分范文： Targeted marketing is an effective marketing strategy, that is, a companyadvertises the product to a smaller and more specific audience so it's more likely to attract the customers in need. For example, a cellphone company may show a cellphone commercial emphasizing its variety of colors and entertainment functions during entertainment programs for young people like pop concerts or the like, since the audience then are usually teenagers, and they're very likely to be fascinated and ask their parents to buy the fun phone for them. However, the company may also create a different commercial that shows how convenient and productively helpful the phone is and put it during the business news hour to attract business people. According to the two examples, the cellphone company can maximize the sales of its cellphones with the help of target marketing. (137 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO5口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福口语3,4,5,6模板
task 3 模板The man/woman’s opinion about STH is that…….……………(选择方案型：听选择的原因。
1.Firstly, the man/woman states that…….2.And then he/she states that…….)……………(提出建议型：听建议的利弊。
1.Firstly, the man/woman talks about the positive aspect of this issue. He/she states that…….2.On the other hand, the man/man also talks about the negative aspect of this question. He/she points out that…….听的过程中要注意标上序号。
首先做出两个区域，MAN，WOMAN。
然后再确定主要说话人后，迅速记下实词：名词和动词。
个别情况下为形容词。
最后利用另一个附和者进行附和的时间，稍微调整并补充笔记，使用模板。
注意！TASK3先说人的观点。
然后说firstly, she thinks….on the other hand, she thinks..不要总是弄回文章，专注讲人的观点Task 4 ACADEMIC1.先听听力材料的前两句话，老师会给出所听内容的概括性介绍。
再结合阅读给出的概念。
2.再听举例说明。
其方法通常是举出扩展事例，举反例或是短文中概念的实际应用。
3.TIPS：A.带着一个“概念是什么，现象是什么”的问题用35秒看完短文，然后用10S的时间，用2句话总结出短文所介绍的概念或现象（尽量用短文中的词汇）B.听段子的时候，带着“老师用什么例子来进行说明”这个问题去听。
要听结构（1+2），还要听例子中涉及到的3个基本要素（实验对象，实验过程，实验结果）。
其中，实验过程要详细。
托福TPO33口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO33口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO33口语Task4阅读文本： Carrying Capacity An animal species needs to have enough resources, like food and water, to survive in any given environment. However, because resources are limited, only a certain number of animals of a particular species are able to survive in a given habitat. The greatest number a habitat can support is known as the carrying capacity. If nothing happens to disrupt or unbalance the relationship between the animal and its habitat, the carrying capacity will remain stable. However, a carrying capacity is not fixed. If there is a significant disruption, such as an environmental event that alters the amount of available resources in the habitat, the carrying capacity will change. 托福TPO33口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture in a biology class. ProfessorOK, so let's talk about what happened to a certain type of insect, a moth, a red-and-black moth that lives in Europe. These moths eat a plant called Ragwort and they live in fields where the Ragwort plants grow. Now, there was a group of moth that lives in one of these fields and, for many years, there was a lot of Ragwort growing there. So the moth had plenty to eat and the total number of moth in the field stayed pretty much the same. But then one year it rained a lot less than usual and the Ragwort didn't grow as well. The result was that the moth didn't get enough to eat and many didn't survive but even the ones that did survive didn't lay as many eggs as before. So that year the moth population in the field was quite a bit smaller. The next year, though, the amount of rainfall returned to normal and again many more Ragwort plants grew and, once again, there was a lot available for the moth to eat. So that yearthe moth population increased and the female moth laid many more eggs than the year before. And now, after all that rainfall and plant growth, there were just as many moth in the Ragwort field as there were before." " 托福TPO33口语Task4题目： Explain the concept of carrying capacity using the example of the moth and Ragwort. 托福TPO33口语Task4满分范文： The maximum number of species that a given habitat can support is called carrying capacity. According to the professor, there's a kind of red and black moths that eata plant called ragworts, and they live in the ragworts field. When there was sufficient ragworts for the moths, the moths' population remained stable over the years, and that stable number of moths' was the field's carrying capacity. However, one year, the balance was disrupted as it rained much less than usual and the production of ragworts decreased, so the moth's population declined because of lack of food and female moths' inability to lay eggs. Then the next year, when the rainfall returned to its previous level, ragworts grew back, and accordingly the number of moths increased and female moths laid more eggs, and soon there were as many moths as the year before the drought, which suggests that carrying capacity of a given habitat changes with the disruption. (179 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO33口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO35听力文本+答案解析
得听力者得天下，托福听力对于考生来说至关重要!如何攻克托福听力，除了要多听，托福TPO听力也是托儿必刷的真题.小编托福考生们带来了TPO听力35文本，希望可以帮助广大托福考生轻松备考托福。
Conversation 1Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and a faculty advisorfor the university newspaper.Student: Hi, I am sorry to bother you, but… Faculty advisor: Yes?Student: This is about the newspaper.Faculty Advisor: Oh, Ok. Well. I am only the advisor; the newspaper officeis off campus on Pine Street. Eh…what was it? Did you want to work for thepaper? We are always looking for writers. Student: Well, my problem was with thewriting actually, with an article that was published in yesterday’snewspaper.Faculty Advisor: Oh? Which one?Student: The one about the student government and its president SallySmith.Faculty Advisor: Is this something to do with what the editor wrote aboutthe statue? Eh, the statue at the main entrance of the university?Student: Well, that’s part of it. But you know, the editor used thesituation to say some really unfair things, about the student government, andthe president Sally Smith in particular. I think the paper should publish aretraction, or at the very least an apology to Sally.Faculty Advisor: Ok. Um… if I remember correctly, what you are referring towasn’t a news story, but an editorial, right? Eh, it was on the opinion page, itwas signed by one of the editors, and was clearly labeled as commentary.Student: Well, yes. But the thing about the statue, Sally made this simple comment that was in really bad condition and should be replaced. And, well, the tone in the editorial was demeaning. It accused her of not respecting the past and it had some personal stuff that seemed unnecessary. Faculty Advisor: Wait a minute. Remind me.Student: Well, you know, it implied that Sally doesn’t know much about the university’s history and it called her a big city politician because she’s from Boston. It’s just mean-spirited, isn’t it? Faculty Advisor: Haven’t you heard the saying “all publicity is good publicity”? Student: Well…Faculty Advisor: I’d say the article is bringing attention to the student government organization, which is pretty invisible. Eh, you rarely hear about what the student government is doing. Student: But this article…Faculty Advisor: And the piece, well, yeah, it had a bit of an exaggerated tone. It was satirical, or at least it was meant to be. It wasn’t just poking fun at Sally, but the whole idea that our school is sort of rural, and you know, not cosmopolitan.Student: Well, none of us thought it was very funny.Faculty Advisor: Well, sometimes it’s best just to roll with it. It is justa cliché; everybody knows it is not true.Student: But I thought we could expect better than that here.Faculty Advisor: Well, I am certainly in favor of getting a variety of viewpoints. [so why don’t you go talk to the editor, Jennifer Hamilton, and tell her you want equal time? You or Sally could write a response.]。
托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本： Mental Accounting Although they may not realize it, people do not always manage their money in responsible way. In their minds, people tend to divide their money into different categories as if they were putting it into separate mental bank accounts. This tendency is known as mental accounting. People mentally store some money in one account to be saved, while they imagine other money being stored in another account from which money can be taken and freely spent. Mental accounting can lead people to spend more money than they should, which can make it difficult for them to save enough money to achieve their long-term financial goals." 托福TPO31口语Task4听力文本： NarratorNow listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class. ProfessorSo a good example of this is something that happened to me. When I was younger, I had an office job and I worked there every day during the week. And I made a regular salary from that. But also I worked as a waiter at a restaurant each weekend, so I made some money from doing that.Now, around this time, I decided I wanted to buy a house. So every time I got my regular paycheck from my job at the office, I'd save as much of the money from it as I could after I bought the basic stuff I needed. But with the money I made as a waiter that was another story. Somehow I guess that money seemed separate from the money I earned at my regular job. So I used the money I made at the restaurant to go out to dinner, to buy videos or CDs, things I didn't really need.But the thing is, it ended up taking me a really long time to save up all the money I needed to buy the house. And looking back now, I realize I could have bought the house a lot sooner if only I had saved more of the money I made working at the restaurant." " 托福TPO31口语Task4题目： Using the examples from the professor’s lecture, explain the concept of mental accounting. 托福TPO31口语Task4满分范文： Mental accounting is a tendency that people divide their money into different categories in their mind and therefore spend more money than they should have. The professor takes his personal experience. He used to have two jobs. He had an officejob on the weekdays and got regular paycheck from it; also he worked part-time in a restaurant at weekends, which earned him some extra money. He decided to buy a house, so with the regular salary he earned from his office job, he only bought daily necessities and then put aside as much as possible. But with the money earned from the restaurant he wasn't so careful, spending it on dinner and buying unnecessary stuffs like CDs, because through mental accounting, the part-time money was separate from his regular paycheck. As a result, it took him longer time to get enough money for a house than he should have if he didn't spend the restaurant money. (158 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO31口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO35综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO35综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO35综合写作阅读原文文本： In 1912 a bookseller named Wilfrid M. Voynich acquired a beautifully illustrated handwritten book (manuscript) written on vellum (vellum is a material that was used for writing before the introduction of paper). The "Voynich manuscript," as it became known, resembles manuscripts written in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. However, it is written in a completely unknown script. To date, no one has been able to decode the script and understand the book's content. Several theories have been proposed to explain the origin of the Voynich manuscript. One theory is that the manuscript is a genuine work on some scientific or magical subject composed in a complex secret code. Anthony Ascham, a sixteenth-century physician and botanist, has been identified as a possible author, since many plant illustrations in the Voynich manuscript are quite similar to those in Ascham's book on medicinal plants, A Little Herbal, published in 1550. According to some other theories, the manuscript is really a fake and its text has no real meaning. For example, it has been proposed the manuscript was created by Edward Kelley, a sixteenth century personality who extracted money from nobles across Europe by pretending to have magical powers. Kelley may have created the manuscript as a fake magical book to sell to a wealthy noble. He used a made-up alphabet in a completely random order. It looks like a book of magical secrets, but there is no meaningful underlying text. Another theory is that the manuscript is actually a modern fake created by Wilfrid M. Voynich himself. As an antique book dealer, Voynich certainly had the knowledge of what old manuscripts should look like and could have created a fake one. Perhaps Voynich's plan was to sell the fake as a mysterious old book if he received an attractive offer. 托福TPO35综合写作听力原文文本： None of the three people mentioned in the reading was probably the author of the Voynich manuscript. According to the first theory, whoever wrote the Voynich manuscript thought they were conveying information so important, or so powerful that they used the special code to keep it secret. That doesn’t fit what we know about Anthony Ascham. Ascham was just an ordinary physician and scientist whose books didn’t contain any original ideas. For instance, the little herbal mentioned in the reading was a description of common plants based on other well-known sources. So given what we know about Ascham, his books and the kind of knowledge he had, it seems unlikely he was the author of such an elaborately coded secret document. Second, although Edward Kelley was notoriously good at tricking people, it seems unlikely that he created the Voynich manuscript as a fake magical book to sell to some rich people. You see, the creator the Voynich manuscript took a lot of care to make it look like real code. The people in the 16th century were quite easy to fool,so it was not necessary to make something this complex. If Kelly wanted to create a fake for money, there’s no reason he would put so much work into creating a manuscript like this, when a much simpler book would have suited his purpose just as well. Third, we’ve been able to date the manuscript material using modern methods. Both the vellum pages and the ink on the pages—both the vellum and the ink are at least 400 years old. That ruled out Voynich was the author. If Voynich wanted to create a fake, maybe he could use vellum pages taken from some old manuscript, but where would he get 400-year-old ink? So it seems the manuscript was created centuries before Voynich obtained it. 托福TPO35综合写作满分范文： In the passage, the author introduces the Voynich manuscript and lists three theories to exploit its source. However, the speaker holds opposite ideas and he rebuts each of these three ideas one by one. First, the essay assumes that the Voynich manuscript is an authentic product which used sophisticated code to convey some significant scientific or magical materials. Nevertheless, the man in the script thinks that Anthony Ascham himself was just a common scientist with no special talent. His script is also about some knowledge taken from other sources which is not important at all. So there is no need for him to use these complicated codes. Second, the writer supposes that maybe the manuscript is a fake one containing totally useless contents. In the listening material, the man also admits that Edward Kelley had a bad fame of tricking people. But he immediately states that citizens living in Voynich’s century was easy to deceive so it was not necessary to make such complicated effort in order to fool them. Thus refutes the second theory in the written material. In addition, he reckons that if Voynich wanted to fake his manuscript for money, he could make it with a less elaborate one. Third, that the manuscript is a modern fake produced by Voynich himself is the last theory the author comes up with in his passage. The speaker opposes this idea because the pages and inks used to make this script can be dated back to at least four hundred years. Although Voynich could get ancient pages from old books to make this fake one, it is still impossible for him to find four hundred years old ink. Therefore, the last idea in this passage is proved unconvincing. (275 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO35综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本： Choice-Supportive Bias People often make decisions by considering the advantages and disadvantages of each option. However, after a person selects an option, there is a tendency for that person to exhibit the choice-supportive bias. After selecting an option, a person may begin to favor that option. Without being fully aware of it, people who exhibit this bias tend to focus on and remember only the advantages of the option they selected. As time passes, they will overlook the option’s disadvantages, eventually even forgetting them. 托福TPO32口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a Psychology class. ProfessorOK, so an example of this from my own life: five or six years ago, I was helping a friend of mine decide on a house to buy. He had been in the market to buy a house and he had it narrowed down to this one house that he was interested in. What he really liked about this house was it had an excellent location. It was in a great place that was actually in the same part of town where he was working right up the street from his job. So he wouldn't have far to drive to get to work which he really liked. However, the downside of this house was that it was smaller than what he was hoping to buy. He wanted to buy sort of a big house and this house just wasn't that big. So it was a tough decision. But my friend eventually did decide to buy the house. And a few years after he made the purchase, I remember, we were talking about the decision and why he decided to buy the house. He told me, well, of course, it was because of the house’s location. He told me how happy he was with the fact it was so close to his work, how great it was only few minutes from his job. I said, “Yes, but, what about its size? Do you still think the house is kind of small?”And he looked at me kind of surprised, “Small? What do you mean small?” Like he didn’t know what I was talking about. The house’s size, a couple of years after buying it, just didn’t seem to be on his mind anymore. 托福TPO32口语Task4题目： Explain how the example from the professor’s lecture illustrate the choice-supportive bias. 托福TPO32口语Task4满分范文： The tendency that people are likely to neglect the disadvantages of their choice after they've made it is called choice-supportive bias. For example，the professor's friend wanted to buy a house several years ago, and he found a house located in the same part of the town where he worked. But the house was not so perfect to his friend because it was smaller than what he wanted to buy. So it was a tough decision. Anyway his friend finally bought the house for its location. A few years later, when the professor visited him, they talked about the decision and he told the professor how happily he bought a house so close to his workplace. But when the professor asked him about the size problem, he responded as if he hadn't even realized that, because he was choice-supportive biased. (154 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO32口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
TPO35写作听力文本
写作音频文本The theory that Antarctica was 11 degrees Celsius warmer during the Middle Miocene is not very convincing. The arguments he just read about have weaknesses. First, the tree pollen sum on the coast of Antarctica did not necessarily originate in Antarctica. It possibly travel to Antarctica. Pollen grains are very light, they can be carried by the wind to thousands of kilometers. They can also flow down ocean water. The pollen grains the scientists found in Antarctica could have easily travelled there from nearby places with warmer climate, like South America or New Zealand. So the pollen grains could’ve come from trees that didn’t grow in Antarctica. Second, it is true that there were a lot of volcanic activities during the Miocene, but did it cause higher level of the atmospheric carbon dioxide? Recently, we use improved methods to measure atmospheric CO2 during the Middle Miocene. Surprisingly, the improved measurement feels that despite of the high volcanic activities, the atmosphere was not rich in CO2. In fact, it turns out that CO2 level fifteen million years ago were lower than CO2 level today. This weakens the argument that CO2 released by volcanos contributed to the warming of the Antarctic climate. Third, high level of deuterium found in plants doesn’t always mean the increase in rainfall, all plants absorb deuterium when it rains, but different plants have different capacities for absorbing and keeping deuterium. Some types of plants can do absorb and keep a lot of deuterium, while other plants absorb and keep less deuterium. It depends on the type of plants. So finding Miocene plants remains which contain a lot of deuterium does not necessarily mean that it rained more during that period. Maybe the rainfall was the same as it is today. But the plants grow in Antarctica at that time was the type that absorb and keep higher amount of deuterium.综合写作参考答案The lecture refutes the view mentioned in the reading with strong supporting evidences presented, aiming to further conclude that the Antarctic area was unlikely to be 110 ℃warmer than today.Firstly, judging from the evidence of pollen grains, the professor states his doubt, becauseaccording to the lecture, the pollen grains can travel with wind or water flow for kilometers and those found in the Antarctic area could have travelled from nearby places with warmer climate. Secondly, in terms of the carbon dioxide level, the professor holds a different view, because recent research has proven that regardless of high volcano eruption rate, the carbon dioxide level was much lower than it is today, which has contradicted the claim made in the reading. Thirdly, on the point of the high Deuterium level in the remains, the professor never fails to express his concern, because referring to the lecture, different plants have different capacity of absorbing Deuterium and it is possible that the plant found in the Antarctic area can absorb large amount of Deuterium and that cannot prove what is stated in the reading.独立写作参考答案At first I would say I disagree with the statement according to which the use of cars would decrease in the following twenty years. Indeed, the world’s population is expected to grow drastically in the next decades. Population in Western countries is likely to grow at the same pace it is growing today, but the most important contribution to the global population growth will certainly come from developing countries. And to my opinion, a growth in the use of cars will accompany this growth in population. People in developed countries are largely accustomed to using cars, therefore a great change in habits would be needed to curb the growth in cars’ use. Moreover, studies show that people live further and further from their work place, and therefore have to use their car more often. As for developing countries, a rapid economic growth is expected to go along with population growth in a good deal of countries. These countries are likely to reach the development level of Western countries within the next couple of decades. Unless these countries can develop their own pattern, which I doubt, they will use more and more cars. Nevertheless, some hope remains that the growth in the use of cars can be slowed in the future. People and governments are becoming more and more aware of environmental issues linked to the use of cars, and some experiments aiming at reducing it have been conducted in some places (e.g. the toll in the London downtown, or the alternate circulation in Paris on high pollution rate days). Although these measures certainly have a positive effect on pollution and traffic. I don’t think they’re viable in the long run. To curb environmental problems linked to cars, the only solution is to develop new clean technologies. This way pollution rates would drop, but we would still use more and more cars. So as for traffic in big cities in twenty years, I’m very pessimistic!This is a well-developed, well-organized response largely giving detailed reasons for disagreeing with the issue as stated. A great variety of sentence structures and vocabulary is displayed and good progression of ideas is evident.。
托福TPO35独立写作题目文本+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO35独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO35独立写作题目原文： Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words. Questions: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Famous entertainers and athletes deserve to have more privacy than they have now. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 托福TPO35独立写作满分范文： Famous entertainers and athletes are always the focus of media. People are curious about not only their achievements but also their private life. Recently, the view that famous public figures should have more privacy has been repeatedly discussed.I strongly agree with this proposal. Protecting the private life of entertainers and athletes can bring various benefits which are listed below. To begin with, decreasing the exposure of famous people’s daily schedule will help protect the security of themselves as well as their fanatic fans. For example, Princess Diana died in a car accident when she was driving at a high speed in order to escape from the trail of dog packs. In addition, there are also too many stampedes in which enthusiastic fans cluster together to meet their idol. Sometimes, fans will influx into airports or railway station to pick up their idols. Thus will lead to horrific jam in public facilities and cause severe inconvenience to other people. Moreover, no one is perfect. So are the public figures. A famous actor could meanwhile be a drug abuser and a glorious athlete might commit adultery secretly. The terrible thing is their fans are often young kids who have not established their own standards to distinguish which of their idol’s behavior is worth imitating. All those conducts of their idols will be admired and imitated without screening. They probably will learn to abuse drugs or alcohol which is definitely harmful to their health. Therefore, merely exhibiting famous people’s outstanding side to the public can be a valid solution to those negative conformity effect. Last but not least, children of the public characters also suffer from media’s over-exposure. The consequence caused by too much public attention includes limited freedom and overload pressure. Kids of famous entertainers and athletes will be anxious feeling many eyes watching them. What’s more, they may also grow up insolitude for their parents will confine their going out for fear of their safety – not only famous adults, their little baby could also be followed and disturbed by crazy fans. Every child occupies his own rights to have a happy childhood, not a stressful one. If the privacy of their parents could be well protected, it may be easier for them to lead an ordinary life. To conclude, protecting the privacy of famous entertainers and athletes will definitely be beneficial to the whole society. Keeping their personal life unknown to the public will effectively avoid much trouble. More attention should be put on the positive achievements of public figures and excessive curiosity towards their personal life should be hold back. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO35独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO35口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO35口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO35口语Task3阅读文本： University Should Allow Students to Audit Classes Many universities allow students to audit classes. That is, students may attend lectures and discussions for a particular class without completing the assignments, receiving a grade, or earning credit for the class. I think our university should allow this. Auditing classes would be good for interested students, since they would be able to learn more and experience a variety of different classes that they would not otherwise be able to take. Furthermore, it shouldn't create any difficulties or additional obligations for professors, because these students wouldn't take tests or white papers that need to be graded. Sincerely, Samuel Stuart 托福TPO35口语Task3听力文本： Now listen to two students discussing the letter. Man: Did you see this letter Molly? Woman: Yeah, but I don't agree with him. Man: Why not? Woman: Well it might have some educational benefit for the people doing it, but overall for the other students who are actually taking the classes, it wouldn't be good. Man: How come? Woman: Because anyone who is taking the class for a grade, for credit, puts in a lot of time preparing for it, doing the reading and assignments; whereas people who aren’t, they might not be as well prepared. And that would have affected the quality of class discussion. Man: You mean the discussions wouldn’t be on very high level? Woman: Right. Because people who aren't taking the class for a grade would beasking really basic questions. They’ll be slowing down the class discussion by taking time to discuss basic stuff that is already covered in reading assignments. Man: That’s a good point. I can see how that might happen. Woman: Plus, he’s wrong about the work required about the professor. Man: But it’s true that the professor doesn't need to grade anything. Woman: Sure, but there are a lot of other little things that can add up to more work. Like they have to prepare for extra handouts for the class, learn extra names, and, well, possibly stay after class to answer those students’ questions. Man: Yeah, I guess that’s extra work. Woman: Absolutely. All these little things add up and require the professor’s attention. 托福TPO35口语Task3题目： The woman expresses her opinion about the letter writer's proposal. Briefly summarize the proposal. Then state her opinion about the proposal and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion. 托福TPO35口语Task3满分范文： Well, according to the proposal, the university should allow the students to audit classes, which means the students won't need to finish their assignments for some particular classes. However, the woman is against the proposal for two main reasons. First, she thinks that it is unfair for the students who are taking the classes for credits because those auditing students might slow down the classes by asking really basic questions that are covered in the reading assignments, which will affect the quantity of the class discussions. Secondly, the woman is worried about some trivial things that could distract the professors' attention. For example, if there were auditing students in the classes, the professors would have to prepare extra handouts and stay after class to answer some basic questions from them. So the woman disagrees with the proposal for the reasons stated above. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO35口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
tpo35阅读答案
tpo35阅读答案【篇一：托福tpo口语35题目+参考答案+mp3音频下载】更多下载：托福tpo口语大全（1-35文本+题目+参考答案+mp3音频下载，目前只更新到35！）tpo听力下载：请点击：托福tpo听力大全(1-48下载，含听力mp3音频文件，听力文本、题目及答案) tpo阅读下载，请点击：托福tpo阅读大全(1-48,含阅读题目、阅读文本和阅读参考答案)tpo写作下载，请点击：托福tpo写作大全(1-48，综合写作和独立写作都更新到48)托福tpo口语35题目which technology has made the greatest impact on peoples life in your country: airplane, computer or television? 参考答案 while airplane and television are surely very important inventions, i believe computer is probably more helpful in peoples life. for one thing, computer helps people so much in their studies since it allows people to write research papers and create powerpoint presentations. you know, in the past, students had to rewrite their paper which costs them bunches of time. but now they only need to do some minor edit on the computer. for another, computer can be used as a convenient and efficient tool to communicate with others. people now have been accustomed to chat through online communication tools such as skype, qq and so forth. furthermore, computer can meet all our needs of entertainment, including music, movies and video games.up in big cities. others believe that it is better for children to grow up in small towns or rural areas. what is your opinion?参考答案personally speaking, children will definitely benefit more from living in big cities, especially metropolis. first of all, big cities provide children with high-quality education resources and facilities, which are not available in rural areas. you know, most of the prestigious schools are located in big cities which are of advanced facilities likeprojectors, computers and so on. on the other hand, children can receive better medical insurance since medical and healthcare technology is better in big cities. rural areas usually lack doctors with formal license, not even mention some checking machines. the myriad life of metropolis is indispensable to the all-round and harmonious development of childrens character.the woman expresses her opinion about the university?s plan. briefly summarize the plan. then state her opinion about the plan and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.参考答案the student proposes that the university should build a parking lot, as it’s hard to find a parking place on campus and there’s a wood area suitable for the need. the speaker disagrees with the statement. there are two reasons. firstly, there are some places for parking near the dining hall and the library, several blocks away. and she doesnt think there should always be a parking spot outside the building they are visiting. moreover, the green area is the only place on campus where there is plenty of trees and students enjoy studying and reading there. school should leave the area alone instead of eliminating it for something they dont need.using the example from the lecture, explain the use of image advertising to sell products.参考答案in order to advertise a product, companies tend to link a positive image with their product and the image should be easy to remember. the professor talks about an example of a cookie company. the company uses a big bear as the image on the box of their cookies and the character is also shown on tv commercials. the image of big bear is easy to remember and when it dances and says something funny on tv, the children like it very much. therefore, year by year, the company sells more cookies than any of its competitors.briefly summarize the problem the speakers are discussing. then state which of the two solutions from the conversation you would recommend. explain the reasons for your recommendation.参考答案the speaker volunteers in an elementary school and she is supposed to take the kids for picnic in the weekends. but it’s going to rain the whole day that day. there are two solutionsfor her. firstly, she can reschedule the picnic next week andcall every family tonight, but someone may miss out. secondly, she can arrange the activity in a restaurant, but it’ll be less fun and cannot be called a picnic. compared with the solutions, i prefer the second, and at least children will not bedisappointed with the activity cancellation and they can rearrange the picnic next time.using the example of baboons from the lecture, explain two ways in which display behavior can help animals maintaingroup unity.参考答案group life provides animals with protection from predators and social companies. there are two kinds of display behaviors animal use to avoid conflicts and resolve conflicts within a group. the first is threatening. the behavior doesnt aim to harm, but send a signal of warning. take a kind of monkey for example. when two monkeys see food at the same time, one may threaten the other and after receiving the warning message, the other may leave without fighting. the second isto hug each other after punching. if two monkeys does fightwith each other over the food they found, they may hug afterthe physical attack, and the conflict is resolved.【篇二：托福阅读tpo1-35文本 mp3【整套】】xt>托福阅读tpo1-35文本+mp3【整套】摘要：备考托福使用tpo是考生在平时不过的事情了，备考托福阅读必备的资料就是托福阅读tpo，今天小编为大家带来托福阅读tpo1-35文本+mp3【整套】下载，小编是不是很贴心呢?不多说了，赶紧来看看学习吧。
官方真题Official35托福听力Lecture4对话原文免费分享（原TPO）
官方真题Official35托福听力Lecture4对话原文免费分享(原TPO)官方真题Official模考软件一直是考生不可或缺的一个备考工具，很多托福考生都在用这个。
为了让大家更好的使用这个官方真题Official资料，这里小站教育编辑为大家整理了完整的官方真题Official真题文本、题目及答案解析，希望对大家托福备考有帮助。
官方真题Official35托福听力Lecture 4对话原文免费分享(原TPO)官方真题Official 35-L4Narrator:Listen to part of a lecture in an Earth science class.Professor:Let's review something from last week. We talked about an event that happened 65 million years ago. Anyone?Student:An asteroid hit Earth. Um...well, we think an asteroid hit Earth, near the Yucatan Peninsula, in Mexico, and that wiped out all the dinosaurs.Professor:Right. I wouldn't say that we've got 100% proof, but there's very strong evidence that this is why that mass extinction occurred.Okay. But did you know there was an earlier extinction far greater than the one that killed off the dinosaurs? It was what we call the Permian Extinction.Now, way back about 290 million years ago, at the beginning of the Permian Period, there was just one big continent, a super continent. And as the climate warmed up, plant and animal species began to diversify profusely. So life during the PermianPeriod was abundant and diverse. But about 250 million years ago, the Permian Period ended with a rapid mass extinction, something happened that wiped out 75% of the land animals and over 95% of ocean life.So what was it? What could have caused this?Well, with the all the evidence that it was an asteroid that led to the dinosaur extinction, we began asking ourselves: is it possible that another asteroid much earlier caused the Permian Extinction? And so researchers have been looking for an impact crater.Well, with the all the evidence that it was an asteroid that led to the dinosaur extinction, we began asking ourselves: is it possible that another asteroid much earlier caused the Permian Extinction? And so researchers have been looking for an impact crater.Student:I thought the Permian Extinction was caused by a decline in sea water oxygen levels. Isn't that what's in the textbook?Professor:But don't forget the textbook makes it very clear that's only a theory.Student:And it mentions something about volcanic eruptions too.Professor:It does, but now this new theory has led to a search for evidence of an asteroid impact. And one place of interest is a region called Wilkes Land in eastern Antarctica.A few years ago, a researcher reported a strange anomaly beneath the ice in Wilkes Land. Evidence of what may be a mascon. That's just short for mass concentration.When an asteroid hits Earth, when it slams into Earth's crust, we think that causes molten rock from deep below the surface to rise up into the impact area. Sort of like if you bump your head, you get a big lump under the skin. Fluid makes the area swell. Anyway, the material flowing up from below the crust is more dense than the crust itself. So that's how we get a mascon, a spot in the crust with newer crust material that's more dense than the material all around it.There're lots of mascons on the moon too, where a mascon’s density causes a small increase in the local gravity that can be measured and mapped by orbiting spacecraft. And where do these mascons tend to be found? In the centers of impact craters on the moon's surface.But back to Wilkes Land. We’re not certain that the mascon there...what might be a mascon ...was actually caused by the impact of an asteroid, but there does seem to be evidence. Researchers notice a gravity anomaly similar to those on the moon. And the spot where the gravity readings are especially high...this is right in the middle of a 500-kilometer wide, circular ridge, what could be part of an old impact crater.And if there was an asteroid impact there in Wilkes Land, the next question is: did it happen 250 million years ago? Because that would put it when in geologic history?Student:At the end of the Permian Period? Right when those animals went extinct.Professor: Exactly.Student:But can't researchers figure that out by studying the rocks there in Wilkes Land...where this impact supposedly took place?Professor:Well, to get to anything from that long ago, we would have to drill down to about a mile, about 1.6 kilometers of solid ice that covers the area today. And that's not likely to happen.But speaking of rocks, I should mention that Wilkes Land is not the only place of interest here. There's another called the Bedout High off the coast of Australia. And we have rock samples from the Bedout High. Some apparently have extraterrestrial origin. I mean, they show the effects of extreme temperatures and pressures, the level of extremes produced only by an impact. And as for their age, well, they do in fact, date back to about 250 million years ago.怎样用单词推断托福听力对话场景方法可行的原因仍在于ETS的出题原则，大家肯定已经非常熟悉托福听力考试中的"学生生活原则"，它是ETS坚定不移的出题原则，这一原则使托福听力从内容上永远离不了学生生活这一中心。
托福TPO36口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO36口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO36口语Task4阅读文本： The Suspension of Disbelief As members of an audience, we can best enjoy the the performance of a play if we become emotionally involved with the events and characters on stage. But to do this, we need to forget that what we see on stage is only imaginary, and pretend instead—temporarily—that it is real. This ability to temporarily put aside, or suspend, our doubt and believe that the action of a play is real is called the suspension of disbelief. Suspending disbelief enables viewers to become more and more absorbed in the play as they watch the story develop, and to respond emotionally to the events and characters as if they were real. 托福TPO36口语Task4听力文本： Listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a theatre studies class. So for example, back when I was in college, one of my roommates, Richard, was in a play I went to see. And when he first went on stage, I have to admit I was a little distracted. Richard was dressed up like an old man. I could tell that his hair was colored grey and he was pretending, you know, to be older. So he walked more slowly, the way in older person would. But at first, I only saw him as my roommate dressed up to look like an older man. But then as the play went on, I began to think of him less as the guy I live with, and more as this older man who was a father, one who had to work very hard for his family, the family in the play. And in the play, the father gets sick and so he's out of work. Would you know, caused me to become a little sad. And because of the father's lung illness, the family was worried that they wouldn't have enough money to pay the bills. And this made me feel worried too. Well, in the end, what happened was, the family all came together and everyone found job and started working. They all pinch in and help in the time of crisis. So the family gets by and pays the bills. And soon after the father recovered from his illness, And this made me feel relieved. And even rather happy. 托福TPO36口语Task4题目： Explain how the example from the lecture illustrates the suspension of disbelief. 托福TPO36口语Task4满分范文： This passage talks about a concept named suspension of disbelief. That means the process in which the audience gradually forgets that the stage performance isimaginary but believes it to be real. Thus will help one person to absorb in the plot and give emotional response. In the lecture, the professor gives an example about himself in a performance of his roommate Richard. At the beginning of the play, the professor was distracted and he still recognized Richard as his roommate instead of the old man he was playing. However, the play went on and the professor gradually regarded Richard as the old man rather than his roommate. When Richard started to perform as a sick man and got out of work, the professor felt worried. But at the end of play, the families of this old man found job and paid the bills. Also the old man recovered from his illness. This made the professor felt relieved and happy. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO36口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO37口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO37口语Task4阅读文本： Communal Nutrition Some kinds of social insects live in large groups or colonies in which different members of the colony have different tasks to keep the colony running smoothly. Some members of the colony are responsible for providing appropriate food for the entire colony. These insects typically practice communal nutrition. They gather different kinds of food and bring it to the nest to be shared by all members of the colony. They instinctively adjust and regulate the food they provide to meet the particular nutritional needs of the different members of the colony at any given time. 托福TPO37口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a biology class. Ok, so here's a good example of this among ants. Ants live together in these large nests and certain ants, the forager ants, have a particular job to do. They go out each day to look for food items; leaves, seeds, fruit, things like that and then these ants bring them back to the nest, so all the other ants can eat them. Now, the forager ants don't just bring back whatever they may happen to find. They bring back different kinds of food. For example, adult ants normally like to eat things that are rich in sugar because they need energy to carry on other activities in the nest, so at a time when the colony is composed mostly of adult ants, the forager ants look for pieces of fruit and other sugar - rich items. They bring these back to the nest for the adult ants to eat to get the energy they need, but there is a time of the year when baby ants are born. Now, the baby ants need a different kind of food. They need food that will help them grow into adults, so their food needs to be rich in protein. So now the forager ants do something different. They start to gather more food items that are rich in protein, like certain types of leaves or mushrooms. This way the young ants get the protein they need to help them grow. 托福TPO37口语Task4题目： Using the example of ants, explain the concept of communal nutrition. 托福TPO37口语Task4满分范文： The passage talks about a notion called communal nutrition. This means some kind of social insects living in large groups will have different members to do different tasks in order to make the whole group function well. The man in the lecture raisesants as an example. He mentions that ants live in big nests and there is a certain kind of ants responsible for finding food. When there is the season when adult ants occupy the largest part in their group, these food-finding ants will mostly bring back food that contains lots of sugar. Because adult ants need sugar most. But when there are many baby ants, these food-finding ants will bring back more protein-contained food such as leaves and mushrooms. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO37口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO5口语Task3加task4题目文本及答案解析
托福TPO5口语Task3加task4题目文本及答案解析TPO对于我们的托福备考非常有用，大家还在苦于找不到资料吗？下面小编给大家带来托福TPO5口语Task4加task3题目文本及答案解析，希望可以帮助到你们。
托福TPO5口语Task3题目托福TPO5口语task3题目 Reading Part:Campus Dining Club AnnouncedStarting this year, the university dining hall will be transformed into The Campus Dining Club for one week at the end of each semester. During the last week of each semester,the dining hall will feature special meals prepared by the university’s culinary arts students. The school feels that this will give students who are studying cooking and food preparation valuable experience that will help them later, when they pursue careers. The university has announced that it will charge a small additional fee for these dinners in order to pay for the special gourmet food ingredients that will be required.托福TPO5口语task3题目 Listening Part:Now listen to two students discussing the article.(woman) Did you see that article?(man) Yeah, and it sounds like a great idea. It’s really good for students in that program.(woman) Don’t they cook in class anyway?(man) Well, yeah, they do. But, my cousin was in the program a few years ago, and she said that it’s very different to cook for a lot of people in that kind of atmosphere than to cook for classmates.(woman) Why is that?(man) Well, in class you can take your time, but, cooking formore people, there’s more pressure, I mean, you’re in a rush, people are waiting and it might be easy to make a mistake with all that stress.(woman) Then I’ll think you are a bad chef, right?(man) Absolutely!(woman) So, OK, it’s good practice. But what about the extra cost?(man) Well, look at it this way. You've eaten at some of the fancier restaurants in town, right?(woman) Yeah, there are some great places to eat around here.(man) Well, these students, they’ll be making fantastic meals and it’s gonna be cheaper than going out to one of those restaurants.(woman) Much cheaper, actually.(man) So, you know, it’ll be worth it. The meals w ill be as good as the ones in those expensive restaurants.托福TPO5口语task3题目 Question:The man expresses his opinions about the university’s plan. State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.托福TPO5口语Task3答案托福TPO5口语task3答案解析：1. Reading keys(1.1) Announcement: transform campus dinning hall into campus dinning club(1.2) Reason 1: give Culinary Arts student more experience(1.3) Reason 2: only a small fee will be charged2. Listening keys(2.1) Man agrees with it(2.2) Reason 1: it’s good practice(2.2.1) Details: it’s different to cook for more people; more stress and pressure when people are waiting or in a rush, might be easy to make mistakes(2.3) Reason 2: it’s a good deal(2.3.1) Details: the dishes students make will be great, but a lot cheaper than going to restaurant in town托福TPO5口语task3范文：The school is planning to transform the university dining hall into The Campus Dining Club to give students more real world experience, and it will be a good deal. In the conversation, the man thinks the school's plan is a great idea. First of all, students can get real world experience by cooking for a lot of people. When cooking for more people, there is more pressure, it might be easy to make mistakes with all that stress. And also, he thinks that it'll be cheaper to eat at the Campus Dining Club than going to some of the fancy restaurants in town. The dishes that students make at school will just be as delicious but a lot cheaper.托福TPO5口语Task4题目托福TPO5口语task4题目 Reading Part:Target MarketingAdvertisers in the past have used radio and television in an attempt to provide information about their products to large, general audiences; it was once thought that the best way to sell a product was to advertise it to as many people as possible. However, more recent trends in advertising have turned toward target marketing.Target marketing is the strategy of advertising to smaller, very specific audiences –audiences that have been determined to have the greatest need or desire for the product being marketed.Target marketing has proved to be very effective in reaching potential customers.托福TPO5口语task4题目 Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a marketing class.Professor(male) Nowadays something you notice more and more is television commercials that are made specifically for certain television programs. So, let's say, uh, a company wants to sell a telephone, a cell phone. Now during TV shows that young people watch, you know shows with pop music or teen serials, they create a commercial that emphasizes how fun the phone is. You know, the phone has bright colors and they show kids having a good time with their friends. And, well, the company wants the kids watching TV at this time to want to buy this phone, this phone that’s made especially for them.But, the same company will make a different commercial to be shown during, say, a program about business or a business news show. Now, for this group of people, business people, the company will have to show how efficient their phone is, how it can handle all business easily and maybe even save money. And here is the thing: it’s basically the same phone. The company has just made two different commercials to appeal to different groups of people.托福TPO5口语task4题目 Question:Using the professor ’s examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing.托福TPO5口语Task4答案托福TPO5口语task4答案解析：1. Reading key(1.1) Term: target marketing(1.2) Definition: target marketing is the strategy of advertising to smaller, very specific audiences2. Listening key(2.1) Example 1(2.1.1) Who: young people(2.1.2) When: shown during pop music programs(2.1.3) How: how colorful the phone is; kids having good time with friends; fun to use(2.2) Example 2(2.2.1) Who: business people(2.2.2) When: shown during business news show(2.2.3) How: how efficient the phone is; handles all business; save money(2.3) Conclusion: same phone, different ad for different audiences group托福TPO5口语task4范文：In the lecture, the professor talks about target marketing which is the strategy of advertising to smaller, very specific audience. In the example, a cellphone advertisement targeting young people is shown during a pop music program. The ad will focus on how fun the phone is to use, and it is colorful. It will also show kids having a good time with friends when using the phone. But the company will show a different ad for the same phone during a business program to target business people. This version will emphasize how efficient the phone is, and how it can handle all business easily, maybe even save money.托福TPO5口语Task4加task5题目文本及答案解析。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO35口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO35口语Task4阅读文本：
Integrated Farming
Many farmers keep animals and raise crops at the same time. While some farmers treat the cultivation of their animals and plants as two separate activities, others integrate the two so that they work together. This is called integrated farming. Integrated farming uses the natural behavior of animals in a way that helps to keep both animals and crops healthy and thriving. By integrating a particular animal with a specific crop, farmers create a system in which both animals and plants provide for each other’s needs.
托福TPO35口语Task4听力文本：
Now listen to part of the lecture from an environmental science class.
Okay, so an example of this is when chickens are used to prepare a field for planting. Farmers who do this have a special kind of little house that they keep their chickens in. This little house has four walls and a roof but it doesn't have any floor. And it has wheels attached to it so it can easily be moved from one location to another. So farmers move this little house to a field where something is going to be planted. Say, bean plants. And then the chickens are placed inside the house, now remember there is no floor in this house and what the chickens do is they walk around inside the house and peck up the soil and eat any weeds or wild plants that they find. And then when the chickens are done eating the weeds in that location, the farmers move the house to the next section of the field. And again the chickens peck up the soil and eat the weeds. So the chickens get to eat a lot of weeds which are good for them. Now this activity is also good for the bean plants that'll be growing in the field, because when the chickens eat the weeds they're improving the quality of the soil. Thanks to the chickens when the bean plants start to grow there won't be any weeds there to compete with them for crucial resources, like sunlight and water.
托福TPO35口语Task4题目：
Explain how the example from the lecture illustrate the concept of integrated farming.
托福TPO35口语Task4满分范文：
Integrated farming means farmers treat the cultivation of the animals and the plants together in order to create a system in which both animals and plants provide
for each other's needs. The professor illustrates the concept of integrated farming by using an example of farmers using chickens to help grow bean plants. In the example, the farmers move a little house that has no floor to some field preparing for growing bean plants. The farmers put the chicken in the little house and the chickens peck and eat up the weeds or plants in the soil, and when the chickens are done eating, the farmers will move to other places. According to the professor, this system is good for both the chickens and the bean plants because the chickens have enough weeds to feed and the quality of the field for the bean plants is improved since there will be no more competing weeds for crucial resources against the bean plants.
以上是给大家整理的托福TPO35口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。