英语构词法讲解及专项练习

构词法Word Format i on

在英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。

一、合成Compounding两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1.直接写在一起。2.用连字符(-)连接。3.由两个分幵的词构成。

(1)合成形容词

(2)合成动词

(3)合成名词

(4) 合成畐I」词however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever

(5) 合成代词whoever,, whatever, every one, n obody, myself, someth ing, anything,

二、派生Derivation

前缀

后缀

注意：-ese, -ia n,-ist 既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词

-er构成的名词，既有表示人的，又有表示物的。

三、转化Conversion :指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。

1. 名词和动词之间的转化

teleph one 电话---- 打电话,mirror 镜子------ 像镜子一样反映,drink 喝------- 饮料,record 录音 ------ 记录,name, date, hand, study,

2. 形容词转化为动词perfect 完美的- -—使完善

3. 名词转化为形容词(副词) front 前面——前面的

4. 形容词转化为名词chief 主要的——首领语法填空之构词法专项练习

1. The soldier died for saving the child ，so his ___________ ( die )is heavier than Mount Tai.

2. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in _______ (long).

3. How ______ (fool) he is!

black people were against slavery and fought for their _________________ (free) bravely.

5. What you said sounded _______ (reason) but in fact it was untrue.

thing you should do is to ____ (large) your vocabulary.

(honest)speaking ，I didn ' t do it on purpose.

8. Tianjin and Guangzhou were also found to be safe from ____ (legal)

drugs.

9. Ashetriedtoreadamap,hedroveofftheroadintoariver ____ (luck)

10. Thunder and lightning happen ____________ (simultaneous).

weather was good except for an ________ (occasion) shower.

12. The big earthquake made thousands of people ______ (home).

13. I'm very careful not to give out my ______________ (person) information.

14. To his ____ (puzzle), his son was ___(happy) hammering dents( 凹痕) into the shiny paint of the truck.

15. While your IQ tells you how ____ (in tellige nee) you are, .....

16. Diet and exercise are _________ (equal) important.

17. I felt a great sense of

achieve )when I reached the top of the mountain.

18. The police successfully arrested Richard Matt , who was one of the country 's most wanted ____________________ (crime ).

19. My _______ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook

within easy reach.

police were interviewing the 30 museum _________ (employ)

21. ______________________________________________ Themotherdidn

'tknowwhyherdaughterwascrying __________________________ .(noise)

22. Theboyhadthe _____ ofbeinghalfstarved.(appear)

23. Pleasegivemesomereferencework.Itwill _____ mytask.(simple)

24.Itsnowed ____ lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.(heavy)

25. __________________ Edisonwasagreat ____________ .Duringhislifehehadmany

________________________ .(invent)

26. _______________ Moreandmore havecometovisitChinaovertheseyears.

( foreign )

27. _______________ Wewant reasonsforyourfailuretohelp.(satisfy)

28. _____________________________________________ T hedoctorsaidthatMary ' smotherneededan _____________________________________ .(operate)

29. _______________________________ T heteacherwaspleasedwithher .(honest)

30. __________________ Thepolicehave aplotagainstthePresident.(cover)