首字母填空(缺词填空解题技巧与训练策略)

2. 复读短文抓信息，前后照应巧猜词

在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。在阅读过程中，要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。有些短文填空题，有时出现约3%~5% 的生词是很正常的，这就要求学生根据构词知识或上、下文的意思加以猜测，来确定它的词义。

3. 综合考虑，先易后难

经过复读全文，对短文有了更深的印象。在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难，这是解题之道。当遇到难以判断的空档时，不妨先放一边，继续往下做。因为有些答案是必须通过下文的理解后才能作出断定的。有时，前后信息之间还有相互提示作用。因此，当我们遇到难题时，不能久久停留于此，

这样会浪费不必要的时间。

(1) 对主语的判断

1. _______ are helpful to students. ( teach )

2. _____ is more important to me than money. ( healthy )

3. Some famous _______ are going to give lectures in our university in August. ( science)

4. _______ is my favourite sport. ( fish )

5. ________ stamps is my hobby. ( collect )

Key: 1. Teachers 2. Health 3. scientists 4. Fishing 5. Collecting

分析：以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1-３题）；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或doing（４、５）。此外，形容词前加the，带连词的

句子也可作主语。

(2) 对谓语的判断

John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c________ over to him. "My boy," she a_____, "Is your father at home?" "Yes," a_______ John. The woman began r_________ the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t_____ back to John and s______ angrily, "Didn't you s______ that your father was at

home?" "I did", answered John, "but this i_______ my house."

Key: came asked answered ringing turned said say isn't

分析：语篇中的所缺字除ringing以外均为谓语动词。谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，在句子中不能缺。当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。多做用动词的适当形式填空

有助于对动词形式的判断。

(3) 对宾语的判断

1. Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast ________ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city.

( develop )

2. The front is in great need of medical _____ .( work )

3. Thank you for your _______. ( kind )

4. At last he sold his ______. ( invent )

Key: 1. development 2. workers 3. kindness 4. invention

分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。宾语的词性同主语的词性一样，代词作宾语时

必须用其宾格。

(4) 对表语的判断

1. It is ______ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. ( possible)

2. The sick man is getting ______. ( ill )

3. Patrick is going to be a(n) ______ when he grows up.(engine)

4. Such cold weather is quite _____ in June and people have to wear warm clothes again. （usually ）

5. It's a ______ to have a picnic with all the members. （please ）

Key: 1. impossible 2. worse 3. engineer 4. unusual 5. pleasure

分析：表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词，名词, 介词短语。动词必须改成to do ,doing 或

done 的形式。

Passage1

While t 1 in Russia, Ed Jackson ran short of（缺少）money. So he wrote to his brother, asking for ＄500. “Send the m 2 by telegram（电报）to the bank（银行）here,” he wrote. After a week Ed began v 3 the bank. He s 4 his passport（护照）to the bank clerk（职员）. “Nothing has come for you, Mr. Jackson,” he was told.

This went o 5 for three weeks, and Mr. Jackson got very w 6 He then phoned his brother, asking w 7 the money was. The brother said it had been sent three weeks b 8 That evening Ed Jackson was arrested（被捕）for failing to p 9 his hotel bill（账单）. He tried to tell the police what his problem was, but no one would

believe him. At last he was s 10 to the police station for fifteen days.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Passage 2

April Fools’ Day is on April 1st. People can play j 1 on others on this special d 2 If you succeed, you usually laugh and say “April Fool!” The person who has been fooled by you l 3 too, and he will never be angry with you.

Mother’s Day is on the second Sunday of May. It’s a day to t 4 mothers. On that day mothers usually receive flowers and cards from their children. Fathers and children do the housework so that mothers can have a r 5 Easter Day falls on the first Sunday after the full moon which is on or after March 21st. It’s also called Easter Sunday. It is said that on that day Jesus Christ comes back to l 6 Many people go to church and children often get p 7 such as toy rabbits.