一般疑问句和特殊疑问句_讲解及练习

一般疑问句

一、一般疑问句

作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。其结构是be动词（am /is /are )

主语+其他成分

Yes，+主语+提问的词.

否定：No，+主语+提问的词+not.

Are you from Japan﹖Yes ,I am．/ No, I'm not．

Is her sister doing her homework now﹖Yes, she is．/ No, she isn't．

Does he work in a bank﹖Yes, he does．/ No, he doesn't．

Can you speak French﹖Yes, I can．/ No, I can't．

一般疑问句还有下列特点：

1、以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头；例：Is your father a teacher? Does Catherine like animals? Can Jenny speak French?

2、2、往往读升调；

3、译成汉语，都可以带上“吗”，例如上面三句可分别译为：你父亲是老师吗？凯瑟琳喜欢动物吗？詹妮会说法语吗？

二、例何将陈述句变成一般疑问句？

1.如句中有be 动词（am、is、are、was、were can、may、must …）或助动词（do、does、did、have、had（完成时中）

它们提到句首，句末打上问号即可。主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。例：It was rainy yesterday.

→Was it rainy yesterday?

Tom's father can play the piano.

→Can Tom's father play the piano?

I have finished my homework.

→Have you finished your homework?

2.如果句中没有be动词、助动词或情态动词，则根据谓语动词的形式借助do的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是：如果谓语动词是原形，则借do；如果谓语动词是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，则借does；如果谓语动词是过去式，则借did. 需要注意的是，借does或did后，原句的谓语动词要变回原形。

例：They go to school by bike.

→Do they go to school by bike?

Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.

→Does bill get up at 6:30 every day?

The students saw a film yesterday.

→Did the students see a film yesterday?

三.陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项

陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外，还应注意下列几点：

1.如果陈述句中有第一人称，则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。

例：I usually have lunch at school.

→Do you usually have lunch at school?

My father is playing soccer.

→Is your father playing soccer?

2.如果陈述句中有some, 则变问句时往往要变成any 。

例：There is some water on the playground.

→Is there any water on the playground?

3.复合句变一般疑问句通常只变主句，从句不变。

例：I know he comes from Canada.

→Do you know he comes from Canada?

4．如果句中含有实义动词have且表示“有”时,除借do外，也可将其直接提到句首。

例：I have some friends in America.

→Have you any friends in America?/Do you have any friends in America?

四.一般疑问句的回答

一般疑问句往往采用简短回答，共由三部分（三个单词）组成，对这三部分（三个单词）的确定可以概括例下：

1.第一个词：不是Yes就是No。（有时根据语气的不同，Yes可由Sure, Certainly, Of course等代替.NO可由sorry 代替.）

2.第二个词：问谁答谁。即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致（必须用主格代词）。

例：Does she clean her room every day? Yes, she does.

Is Anna′s father a doctor? No, he isn′t.

如果主语是this that,回答时用it 代替，如果问句中主语these, those,回答时用they′ 代替。Is this your pen? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.

Are those your books? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.

3.第三个词：用什么问，用什么答。即用问句中的提问词。

Can Jim play soccer? Yes, he can.

Does Mr Bean speak English? Yes, he does. 需要注意问题：（1）.用may 引导的问句，肯定回答用may，否定回答用can′t 或mustn′t，用must 引导的问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn′t.

例：May I go to the park now? Yes, you may. /No, you mustn′t.

Must I wash my clothes now? Yes, you must. /No, you needn′t.

4．作否定回答时,结尾要加上not。否定回答最好缩写，而肯定回答不能缩写。

例:Did Thomas come here yesterday? Yes, he did./ No ,he didn′t.

Is Lin Lin in Class 3? Yes, she is. / No, she isn′t.或（No, she′s not）.

特殊疑问句

以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what（什么），who（谁），whose（谁的），which（哪个），when（何时），where （哪里），how（怎样，通过...），why（为何）等。

特殊疑问句有两种语序：

１．如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？如：

who is singing in the room﹖

whose bike is broken﹖

２．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？如：