计算机专业英语Unit04-Programming and Simulation
计算机专业英语教程
frame 帧，画面，框架， 镜框 crystal 晶体，水晶，LCD 液晶显示 filter 滤波器，过滤器， 滤光器 active-matrix 主动矩阵 passive-matrix 被动矩阵 boost 提高，升 position 定位，位置 backup 备份，做备份
Computer Hardware
Chapter 1 Computer Hardware
New words:
Peripheral 外围设备 外围的 外设 Bus 总线 Pathway 通路 路径 Interconnection 互连 In parallel 并行地 Hierarchy 分层（结构），层次 Integrated 集成 Architecture 体系结构 Bandwidth 带宽 Interface 接口 界面
Hardware
Programming and programming language
Operating system
Computer networks
Databse
Multimedia
Artificial intelligence
Data structure and Algorithms
Software Development
Processor 处理器 Primary storage 主存储器 Bit 位 二进制位 比特 CPU 中央处理器 Control unit 控制部件 控 制器 Arithmetic and logic unit 算术逻辑单元 Chip 芯片
计算机专业英语_unit04网络技术
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中国水利水电出版社
Text 1 Evolution of computer networks
• This sufficed for a while, but it still did not provide the real-time or interactive environments that users were beginning to become accustomed to, including more advanced protocols and network operating systems to provide further services for remote job invocation and synchronization. The era of the local area network was coming. The wide area networks' biggest shortfall was in throughput or turnaround time for jobs and interprocessor communications. Because of the wide distances, delays of seconds were commonplace and caused added overhead in performing otherwise simple tasks. Network designers saw the need to provide another link in the network: the local area network.
中国水利水电出版社
Text 1 Evolution of com• Words and Expressions • Exercises
unit4 计算机专业英语
Notes
[5]Routing tables are the means by which a router selects the fastest or nearest path to the next “hop” on the way to a data packet’s final destination. 本句中， by which a router selects the fastest or nearest path to the next “hop” on the way to a data packet’s final destination 是一个介词前置的定语从句，修饰和限定the means。on the way to“在……途中”。
学生课下活动设计
阅读Unit4的Reading。完成作业
作业： 我的梦想是成为一家电脑公司的销售经理。 老师告诉同学们别触摸电脑屏幕。 他停下来喝了杯茶。 他努力学习为了通过期末考试。 学校是孩子们学习的好地方。 这些学生经常帮助老师打扫实验室。 昨天我忘了邮信了。 他足够大了可以自己做决定。
教学参考资料推荐
Notes
[3] The MAU does actively regenerate signals as it transmits data around the ring. 本句中，does起强调作用。 [4]Routers contain internal tables of information called routing tables that keep track of all known network addresses and possible paths throughout the internetwork,along with cost of reaching each network. 本句中，called routing tables是过去分词短语，做定语，修饰 和限定internal tables of information。that keep track of all known network addresses and possible paths throughout the internetwork,along with cost of reaching each network是一 个定语从句，修饰和限定routing tables。keep track of是“ 跟踪”。
计算机专业英语教程（第四版）习题答案
计算机专业英语教程（第四版）习题答案计算机专业英语教程(第四版)习题答案计算机专业英语（第四版）课后习题答案Unit 1 [Ex 1] Fb5E2RGbCAP [Ex 2] 1. input, storage, processing, and output 2. power; speed; 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. T 10.memoryp1EanqFDPw 3. central processing unit memoryDXDiTa9E3d 5. keyboard; [Ex 3] B. A. central processing unit; 1. F 2. D 2. monitor 3. G 4. C 5. B main memory; 6. A 7. E monitorRTCrpUDGiT 8. H5PCzVD7HxA 4. internal; primary;1. user3. data4. keyboard5. data processingjLBHrnAILg6. information [Ex 4] instructions7. computer8. memory 3. manipulates 4.1. input device2. screen, screen 5. retrievexHAQX74J0X 8. Function6. code7. hard copy[Ex. 5] 新处理器开始IT 技术的新时代New Processors Open New Era of IT Technologies Last week, Intel introduced to the public in Russia and other CIS countries a family of processors Intel Xeon E5-2600. They are more powerful and reliable and, importantly, are very economical in terms of energy consumption. Their1 / 30presence opens a new era in the field of IT technologies and means that the cloud technology is getting closer.LDAYtRyKfEThese processors are primarily designed for servers, data centers (DPC) and supercomputers. The emergence of this class of devices is not accidental. According to the regional director of Intel in Russia and other CIS states Dmitri Konash who spoke at the event, the market of IT-technology is developing so rapidly that, according to forecasts, by 2015 there will be 15 billion devices connected to the Internet, and over 3 billion of active users.Zzz6ZB2Ltk 上周，英特尔公司向俄罗斯和其它独联体国家的公众推出了英特尔Xeon E5-2600 系列处理器，它们更加强大可靠，尤其是在能量消耗方面更加经济实惠。
新职业英语-IT英语Unit4课件
Review of Key Learning Points
frequently asked questions
The courseware offers practical tips for job seekers, including advice on resume writing, preparing for面试英语，and practicing面试英语口语.
Grammar parsing
03
Practice and Activities
听力训练
01
针对IT行业英语的实际应用场景，设计了一系列听力训练任务。这些任务包括听取并理解技术术语、产品描述、项目讨论等，旨在提高学生的听力理解能力。
听力材料
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听力训练中使用的材料包括IT行业相关的音频、视频和录音，确保学生能够接触到真实的工作环境中的英语交流。
Practice Makes Perfect
Future Trends in IT
Continuous Learning
Learning suggestions and prospects
05
appendix
提供课程中英文内容的中文翻译，帮助学习者更好地理解课程内容。
总结词
在附录中，我们提供了Unit4课程内容的中文翻译。这些翻译旨在帮助学习者更好地理解英文材料，特别是在涉及到一些专业术语和复杂概念时。通过中文翻译，学习者可以更快地掌握课程内容，提高学习效率。
The courseware encourages learners to stay up-to-date with the latest trends in the IT industry, such as emerging technologies and their impact on the job market.
计算机专业英语（第四版）
AA data wareho use is becoming more of a necess ity than an access ory for a progre ssive, competitive, and focuse d organizatio n.数据仓库对于不断进取的，具有竞争力的，成为关注焦点的组织来说不是一个附属品，而是不可缺少的。
A growin g number of Web sitesincorp orate multim edia, as do comput er softwa re and consum er interf aces,such as ATM machin es and inform ation kiosks,（像自动取款机和信息亭那样的越来越多的Web站点配备了多媒体（如计算机多媒体软件，客户接口也配备了多媒体）A necess ary featur e of a DTP packag e, theref ore, is a zoom facili ty whichdispla ys a portio n of the docume nt at a larger size than normal so as to displa y it at someth ing much closer to the resolu tionof the finalprinte d produc t（因此，DTP软件包的一个必备特征就是有缩放工具，它可以用比正常情况更大的尺寸显示文件的某一部分，从而以更接近最终印刷结果的分辨率来显示这些内容）A newerscript ing langua ge increasingly more popula r is PHP and ASP.而更通用的，比较新的脚本语言是PH P 和ASP。
计算机专业英语Unit04-Programming and Simulation
Computer Program-Program Development At this point, a special applications program translates the source code into machine language, or object code —a format that the operating system will recognize as a proper program and be able to execute.
I. 引言 计算机程序是指挥计算机执行某种处理功能或功能 组合的一套指令。要使指令得到执行，计算机必须执行程序， 也就是说，计算机要读取程序，然后按准确的顺序实施程序中 编码的步骤，直至程序结束.
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Computer Program-Introduction
A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result depending upon the options and data that the user gives the computer.Yield: vt. 生产，释放，让步
编译程序将使用FORTRAN、C和Pascal等高级编程语言编写的 文本文件一次性从源代码翻译成目标代码。这不同于BASIC等 解释执行的语言所采取的方式，在解释执行的语言中程序是随 着每条指令的执行而逐个语句地翻译成目标代码的。
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Computer Program-Program Development
在这个时候，一种专门的应用程序将源代码翻译成机器 语言或目标代码——操作系统将认作真正程序并能够执 行的一种格式。
《计算机英语(第4版)》课后练习参考答案
《计算机英语（第4版）》练习参考答案Unit One: Computer and Computer ScienceUnit One/Section AI. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1. Charles Babbage; Augusta Ada Byron2. input; output3. VLSI4. workstations; mainframes5. vacuum; transistors6. instructions; software7. digit; eight; byte8. microminiaturization; chipII. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1. artificial intelligence 人工智能2. paper-tape reader 纸带阅读器4. neural network 神经网络5. instruction set 指令集6. parallel processing 并行处理7. difference engine 差分机8. versatile logical element 通用逻辑元件9. silicon substrate 硅衬底10. vacuum tube 真空管11. 数据的存储与处理the storage and handling of data12. 超大规模集成电路very large-scale integrated circuit13. 中央处理器central processing unit18. 处理器芯片processor chip19. 操作指令operating instructions20. 输入设备input deviceIII. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the words given in the following list, making changes if necessary:IV. Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:计算机将变得更加先进，也将变得更加容易使用。
《计算机英语》Unit 4
1.1 Windows 7
• II. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. B – 3．Which of the following items is not emphasized about the advantages of Windows 7? – A．User-centric B．Performance improvements – C．Many new functions D．Good Compatibility
1.2 Linux
• II. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1. Introduction
2. Development 3. Goals
1.1 Windows 7
• Complex Sentences
– Original: Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible.. – Translation:Windows 7 计划成为一个更加专注的Windows 产品 线升级，目标是兼容那些Windows Vista 已经兼容的应用程序和 硬件。
1.2 Linux
• Complex Sentences
– 2. Original: Today Linux is used in numerous domains, from embedded systems to supercomputers, and has secured a place in server installations with the popular LAMP application stack.
《计算机专业英语(第4版)》Unit 1 Hardware Knowledge
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• Gates stepped down as chief executive officer of Microsoft in January 2000.
• He remained as chairman and created the position of chief software architect.
• In June 2006, Gates announced that he would be transitioning from full-time work at Microsoft to part-time work, and full-time work at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
four basic units of simplified computer: the input unit, central processing unit (CPU), memory unit, and output unit.
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1.2 Computer Development
1.2.1 Text A • The hardware of a digital computer system
计算机专业英语第二版 译文
《计算机英语》参考译文（精读部分）目录第1单元课文A：计算机概览 (3)一、引言 (3)二、历史 (3)三、硬件 (4)四、编程 (5)五、未来的发展 (5)第2单元课文A：计算机硬件 (5)一、引言 (5)二、输入硬件 (6)三、输出硬件 (6)四、存储硬件 (7)五、硬件的连接 (7)第3单元课文A：操作系统 (8)一、引言 (8)二、操作系统是怎样工作的 (8)三、当前的操作系统 (8)五、未来的技术 (10)第4单元课文A：编程语言 (11)一、引言 (11)二、语言类型 (11)三、高级语言的分类 (12)四、语言的结构与成分 (12)五、历史 (13)第5单元课文A：计算机程序 (13)一、引言 (13)二、程序开发 (14)三、程序元素 (14)四、程序功能 (15)五、历史 (16)六、未来 (16)第6单元课文A：软件生命周期 (17)第7单元课文A：进入关系数据库的世界 (19)一、什么是关系数据库？ (19)二、数据库管理系统的介绍 (20)三、不同的计算模型 (21)第8单元课文A：电信与计算机 (22)第9单元课文A：计算机网络 (24)一、引言 (24)二、调制解调器与计算机管理局 (24)三、局域网 (24)四、路由器与桥接器 (25)五、广域网 (25)六、分布式计算 (25)七、安全与管理 (26)第10单元课文A：因特网是如何工作的？ (26)一、因特网访问 (27)二、信息打包 (27)三、网络编址 (27)四、电子邮件 (28)五、传输模式 (28)六、带宽 (28)第11单元课文A：信息革命 (29)一、引言 (29)二、社会与技术发展 (29)三、信息革命的方向 (29)四、就业趋势 (30)五、信息技术与消费者 (31)六、信息革命的问题 (31)第12单元课文A：电子商务简介 (32)一、定义 (32)二、需求与服务 (32)第13单元课文A：计算机安全 (34)一、计算机安全面临的威胁 (34)二、保护计算机安全的措施 (36)第14单元课文A：比尔•盖茨文摘 (37)第1单元课文A：计算机概览一、引言计算机是一种电子设备，它能接收一套指令或一个程序，然后通过对数值数据进行运算或者对其他形式的信息进行处理来执行该程序。
计算机专业英语第4章
效率
数据结构使用令算法更有效率的方法组织数据。例如，考虑一些我们用来 查找数据的组织方式。一种过分简单的方式是将数据放置到数组中，并用 遍历的方法找到需要的元素。然而，这种方法是低效率的，因为在许多情 况下，我们需要遍历所有元素才能完成。使用其他类型的数据结构,如哈希 表和二叉数，我们能够相当快速地搜寻数据。
Computer English
Chapter 4 Data Structure
Chapter 4 Data Structure
Key points: useful terms and definitions of data structure
Difficult points: Stack, queue, tree
计算机专业英语
4-4
Chapter 4 Data Structure
4.1 An Introduction to Data Structures
Data comes in all shapes and sizes, but often it can be organized in the same way. For example, consider a list of things to do, a list of ingredients in a recipe, or a reading list for a class. Although each contains a different type of data, they all contain data organized in a similar way: a list. A list is one simple example of a data structure. Of course, there are many other common ways to organize data as well. In computing, some of the most common organizations are linked lists, stacks, queues, sets, hash tables, trees, heaps, priority queues, and graphs. Three reasons for using data structures are efficiency, abstraction, and reusability.
计算机专业英语第4版课件 (1)[100页]
![计算机专业英语第4版课件 (1)[100页]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/5a0c14e5fd0a79563d1e722b.png)
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Key Words
methodology multiplication negation negative-logic represent ripple significance spike
方法学，方法论 倍增，乘法运算 否定，拒绝 负逻辑 表示，代表
脉动，波动 重要性，意义 尖峰信号
• 译文：组合电路通过传输二进制信息，使 得给定的输入数据产生了所需要的输出数 据。
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Notes
[2] A combinational circuit can also be specified with m Boolean functions, one for each output variable.
• 第3单元是多媒体知识，内容有计算机图形学、多媒体技 术、计算机动画、多媒体软件、虚拟现实和CAD。
• 第4单元是计算机网络相关知识，包括计算机网络、无线 网、互联网应用、搜索引擎、计算机安全、远程教育、电 子商务和电子市场。
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Unit 1 Hardware Knowledge
• 说明：本句的“If the more positive voltage…”是条件状语。“the system is said to…”用被动语态表示客观叙述。
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1.1 Hardware Basics
1.1.1 Text A
• A combinational circuit is a connected arrangement of logic gates with a set of inputs and outputs.
计算机专业英语(第3版)
译文：虽然大多数CPU芯片比一块眼镜片还小，但 所包含的电子元件在几十年前却要装满一个房间。
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计算机专业英语（第3版）
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Notes
[2] The program, which tells the computers what to do and the data, which provide the information needed to solve the problem, are kept inside the computer in a place called memory. 这里的主语是“the program and the data”，由which引 导的两个定语从句分别修饰the program和the data。
➢ 控制单元将数据送到算术逻辑单元中,然后由算术逻辑单 元完成执行指令所需要的算术或逻辑运算。
➢ Arithmetic operations include adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing.
➢ 算术运算包括加、减、乘、除。
➢ Logic operations make a comparison and take action based on the results.
➢ 确定刚取出指令的类型。
➢ If the instruction uses data in memory, determine where they are.
➢ 如果指令使用存储器中的数据，则须确定它们的地址。
➢ Fetch the data into internal CPU registers.
计算机专业英语Unit04SectionAComputerProgram.ppt
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Computer Program-Introduction
An operating system is a program that manages the computer and the various resources and devices connected to it, such as RAM (random access memory) , hard drives, monitors, keyboards, printers, and modems, so that they may be used by other programs. Examples of operating systems are DOS, Windows 95, OS/2, and UNIX.
I. 引言 计算机程序是指挥计算机执行某种处理功能或功能 组合的一套指令。要使指令得到执行，计算机必须执行程序， 也就是说，计算机要读取程序，然后按准确的顺序实施程序中 编码的步骤，直至程序结束.
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ComБайду номын сангаасuter Program-Introduction
A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result depending upon the options and data that the user gives the computer.Yield: vt. 生产，释放，让步
使用M文a本ke编u辑p器: 编，程制序；员弥创补建；一化个文妆本s文he件is，v这e个ry文本文 件是m一u个ch有m序a指d令e 表up，. 也称为程序源文件。构成程序源文 件的M单a个ke指u令p:被化称妆为品源；代码组。成成分，构成方式。
Text Four_计算机英语_[共6页]
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Text FourMobile ComputerMobile computer, such as laptop and handheld computers, are one of the fastest-growing segmentsof the computer industry. people on the go often want to use their mobile devices to read and send email, tweet, watch movies, download music, play games, or simply to surf the Web for information. They want to do all of the things they do at home and in the office. Naturally, they want to do them from anywhere on land, sea or in the air.Connectivity to the internet enables many of these mobile uses. Since having a wired connection is impossible in cars, boats, and airplanes, there is a lot of interest in wireless networks. Cellular networks operated by the telephone companies are on familiar kind of wireless network that blankets us with coverage for mobile phones. Wireless hotspots based on the 802.11 standard are another kind of wireless network for mobile computers. They have sprung up everywhere that people go, resulting in a patchwork of coverage at cafes, hotels, airports, schools, trains and planes. Anyone with a laptop computer and a wireless modern can just turn on the computer and be connected to internet through the hotspot, as though the computer was plugged into a wired network.Wireless networks are of great value to fleets of trucks, taxis, delivery vehicles, and repairpersonsfor keeping in contact with their home base. Perhaps the key driver of mobile, wireless application is the mobile phone. Text messaging or texting is tremendously popular. It lets a mobile phone user type a short message that is then delivered by the cellular network to another mobile subscriber. Few people would have predicted ten years ago that having teenagers tediously typing short text messages on mobile phones would be an immense money maker for telephone companies. But texting (or Short Message Service as it is known outside the U.S.) is very profitable since it costs the carrier but a tiny fraction of one cent to relay a text message, a service for which they charge far more.The long-awaited convergence of telephones and the internet has finally arrived, and it will accelerate the growth of mobile applications. Smart phones, such as the popular iPhone, are coming aspects of mobile phones and mobile computers. The (3G and 4G) cellular networks to which they connect can provide fast data services for using the Internet as well as handling phone calls. Many advanced phones connect to wireless hotspots too, and automatically switch between networks to choose the best option for the user.Since mobile phones know their locations, often because they are equipped with GPS receivers, some services are intentionally location dependent. Mobile maps and directions are an obvious candidateas your GPS-enabled phone and car probably have a better idea of where you are than you do. So, too, are searches for a nearby bookstore or Chinese restaurant, or a local weather forecast. Other services may record location, such as annotation photos and videos with the place at which they were made. This annotation is known as “geo-tagging”.An area in which mobile phones are now staring to be used is m-commerce (mobile-commerce).5354 Short text messages from the mobile are used to anthorize payments for food in vending machines, movie tickets, and other small items instead of cash and credit cards. The charge then appears on the mobile phone bill. When equipped with NFC (Near Field Communication) technology the mobile can act as an RFID smartcard and interact with a nearby for payment. The driving forces behind this phenomenon are the mobile device makers and network operators, who are trying hard to figure out how to get a piece of the e-commerce pie. From the store’s point of view, this scheme may save them most of the credit card company’s fee, which can be several percent. Of course, this plan may backfire, since customers in a store might use the RFID or barcode readers on their mobile devices to check out competitors’ prices before buying and use them to get a detailed report on where else an item can be purchased nearby and at what price.One huge thing that m-commerce has going for it is that mobile phone users are accustomed to paying for everything. If the internet Web site charged a fee to allow its customers to pay by credit card, there would be an immense howling noise from the users. If, however, a mobile phone operator allowed its customers to pay for items in a store by waving the phone at the cash register and then tacked on a fee for this convenience, it would probably be accepted as normal. Time will tell.Exercise1. Translate the following text into Chinese using your own words.Mobile computing is human–computer interaction by which a computer is expected to be transported during normal usage. Mobile computing involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software. Communication issues include ad hoc and infrastructure networks as well as communication properties, protocols, data formats and concrete technologies. Hardware includes mobile devices or device components. Mobile software deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications.2. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words or phrases found behind the text.Sensor networks are made up of nodes that gather and wirelessly relay information they sense about the state of the world. The nodes may be part of familiar item such as cars or phones, or they may be small .are revolutionizing science by providing a wealth of data on behavior that could not previously be observed. One example is tracking the migration of individual zebras by placing a small sensor in each animal. have packed a wireless computer into a cube 1mm on edge.Wearable computers are another promising application. with radios have been part of our mental space since their appearance in the Dick Tracy comic strip in 1946, now you can buy them. Other such devices may be implanted, such as pacemakers and insulin pumps. Some of these can be controlled over a wireless network. This lets doctors test and reconfigure them more easily.a) Researchers。
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The child pleaded, but the parents wouldn't yield. 一个程序可多次执行，而且，取决于用户提供给计算机的
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Computer Program-Introduction
Programs fall into two major classes: application programs and operating systems. An application program is one that carries out some function directly for a user, such as word processing or game playing.
Unit 4 Software Development Section A Computer Program
Computer Program-Introduction
I.Introduction A computer program is a set of instructions that directs a computer to perform some processing function or combination of functions. For the instructions to be carried out, a computer must execute a program, that is, the computer reads the program, and then follows the steps encoded in the program in a precise order until completion.
操作系统管理计算机以及与之相连的各种资源和设备，如随机 存储器、硬盘驱动器、监视器、键盘、打印机和调制解调器， 以便其他程序可以使用它们。操作系统的例子包括：DOS、 Windows 95、OS/2和UNIX。
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Computer Program-Program Development
II. Program Development Software designers create new programs by using special applications programs, often called utility programs or development programs. A programmer uses another type of program called a text editor to write the new program in a special notation called a programming language.
II. Notation: 程序开发 标记，符号 figure 软件设计者通过特殊的应用程序来开发新程序，这些应用程 notation数字标记 binary notation 序常被称作实用程序或开发程序。程序员使用称作文本编辑 二进制计数法 器(程序)的另一种程序，来以称作编程语言的特殊符号编写 新程序。 6/56
Computer Program-Program Development With the text editor, the programmer creates a text file, which is an ordered list of instructions, also called the program source file. The individual instructions that make up the program source file are called source code.
程序分为两大类：应用程序和操作系统。应用程序直接为用 户执行某种功能，如处理文-Introduction
An operating system is a program that manages the computer and the various resources and devices connected to it, such as RAM (random access memory) , hard drives, monitors, keyboards, printers, and modems, so that they may be used by other programs. Examples of operating systems are DOS, Windows 95, OS/2, and UNIX.
I. 引言 计算机程序是指挥计算机执行某种处理功能或功能 组合的一套指令。要使指令得到执行，计算机必须执行程序， 也就是说，计算机要读取程序，然后按准确的顺序实施程序中 编码的步骤，直至程序结束.
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Computer Program-Introduction
A program can be executed many different times, with each execution yielding a potentially different result depending upon the options and data that the user gives the computer.Yield: vt. 生产，释放，让步
Make up: 编制；弥补；化妆 she is very 使用文本编辑器，程序员创建一个文本文件，这个文本文 件是一个有序指令表，也称为程序源文件。构成程序源文 much made up. 件的单个指令被称为源代码。 Makeup: 化妆品；组成成分，构成方式。 Sb. put on their makeups.