英语电影中的文化元素 中文
英语电影名称翻译中常见中国文化因素――以50部电影为例
英语电影名称翻译中常见中国文化因素――以50部电影为例【摘要】随着全球化的发展，越来越多的外国影片引入到中国。
对电影翻译的研究，尤其是对电影名称翻译的研究越来越受重视。
电影名称是一部电影的名片，是对电影内容的高度提炼，通常观众对电影的第一印象来自于影片的名称。
翻译适应变异论认为在翻译中改变文化参照是必要的，该理论使得英语电影名称中的中国文化因素插入可行并且合理。
本研究以数据为基础，采取探索性，解释性的研究方法。
研究结果表明文学因素、地理因素、习俗因素、历史因素和宗教因素在翻译英语电影名称时比较常见。
其中，文学因素、习俗因素用得比地理因素、历史因素和宗教因素多【关键词】翻译；中国文化因素；英语电影名称；翻译适应变异论1. 引言随着人们生活水平的提高，电影在人们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
国产电影已经不能满足中国观众的需求，他们对外国电影的需求越来越大，所以对外国电影翻译的研究，尤其是对电影名称翻译的研究，变得越来越受欢迎电影的翻译与其他外语文本的翻译不一样，电影注重吸引观众并且产生利润，因此有一个好的电影名称很有必要。
为了引起中国读者的兴趣并且符合他们的品味，在翻译电影名称时对中国文化因素的使用变得不可或缺。
电影名称的目的是为了影响受众的行为和他们的价值观（张晓舸，2005），因此电影名称的翻译应该要首先考虑到目标语言和观众但是，早期大多数对电影名称翻译中中国文化因素使用状况的研究只是列出了包含中国文化因素的电影名称，却很少指出哪几种文化因素在翻译电影名称时使用得比较多，也没有做出归类。
因此，笔者认为有必要对电影名称翻译中常见的中国文化因素做一个归类总结2.文献综述语言的三个特性，也就是可变性，流通性和适应性，是对语言使用理解中的关键概念。
其中，语言的适应性在语言对人类生存的贡献中起着基础性的作用（马萧，2012：106）。
在这个意义上讲，语言就像随时准备着适应环境变化的自然物种或者有生命的有机物一样不断得到进化（Verschueren，1987：51）适应变异论在翻译文本内容时是一个很模糊的概念，从传统上来讲，它是指为了满足某一特定观众的需求或者达到某一目的而在翻译过程中做出大量改变的一种翻译策略和方法，包括省略、添加、减少、编辑、模仿和重写（Shuttleworth & Cowie，1997/1999：3）适应变异论是一种包括了当原文的文化内涵与译文不一样时而改变文化参照的翻译策略（Vinay & Darbelet，1958/1995：31-39）。
英语电影中的文化元素解析：针对英语爱好者和影视文化学习者
• 英语电影的国际影响力 • 英语电影在不同国家的传播 • 英语电影与全球电影市场的互动
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
英语电影的主要流派与风格
其他英语电影流派
• 澳大利亚电影 • 加拿大电影 • 新西兰电影
美国电影流派
• 好莱坞电影 • 文艺片与独立电影 • 动画片与科幻片
英国电影风格
• 英国独立电影 • 英国浪漫喜剧 • 英国历史剧
英语电影中的服饰文化
• 西方服饰文化的展示 • 东方服饰文化的呈现 • 服饰文化在不同电影类型中的应用
英语电影中的时尚趋势
• 电影中的时尚元素与潮流 • 电影中的时尚品牌与设计师 • 时尚趋势在不同电影场景中的传递
英语电影中的宗教信仰与价值观
英语电影中的宗教信仰
• 基督教信仰的呈现 • 犹太教信仰的展示 • 其他宗教信仰的体现
• 人际关系的表现 • 社会阶层的体现 • 社会关系在不同电影场景中的传递
英语电影中的教育问题与制度反思
英语电影中的教育问题
• 教育资源的不均衡 • 教育方式与方法的问题 • 教育与家庭、社会的关系
英语电影中的制度反思
• 对教育制度的批判与反思 • 对社会制度的反思与探讨 • 对政治制度的不满与反抗
英语电影的文化背景与影响
英语电影的文化背景
• 欧美文化传统 • 英美文学的影响 • 社会政治背景
英语电影的文化影响
• 电影对英语语言的影响 • 电影对全球观众价值观的影响 • 电影对国际文化交流的影响
02
英语电影中的语言特点与文化传播
英语电影中的俚语、习语与方言
英语电影中的俚语
• 美国俚语的使用 • 英国俚语的表现 • 俚语在不同电影类型中的应用
美国影视动画中的中国元素
美国影视动画中的中国元素
美国影视动画中经常出现中国元素，这些元素可以是中国文化、中国传统、中国历史、中国风景等等。
下面将介绍一些在美国影视动画中常见的中国元素。
中国文化在美国影视动画中经常被引用。
在迪士尼电影《花木兰》中，故事背景是古
代中国，影片中展现了中国传统文化，如汉服、功夫、中国戏曲等。
在电影《功夫熊猫》
系列中，描绘了一个围绕中国功夫和中国哲学的故事，通过插图风格和角色造型，展现了
中国文化的独特魅力。
中国传统在美国影视动画中也有很大的影响。
在迪士尼电影《美女与野兽》中，主人
公贝尔在古代中国风格的城堡中生活，既有中国元素的建筑、家具和装饰品，也有中国传
统戏剧的影子。
中国历史也是美国影视动画中常见的元素之一。
电影《功夫熊猫》系列中，武术大师
们都是以中国历史上的名人为原型创造的角色，如中国古代将领曹操、中国传统女子侠盗
花木兰等等。
这些角色的设定和剧情都带有浓厚的中国历史色彩。
中国风景也经常出现在美国影视动画中。
在动画片《疯狂动物城》中，故事发生在一
个由人和动物共同生活的现代城市，动画片通过色彩绚丽的中国城市风光来展现城市的多
样性和美丽。
在迪士尼电影《香奈儿与梦想》，主角在云南的神秘丛林中寻找魔法草药，
观众可以欣赏到云南独有的山水风光和神秘的氛围。
美国影视动画中的中国元素丰富多样，既有中国文化的引用，也有中国传统的影响，
还有中国历史和中国风景等。
这些元素的出现，既展示了中国的独特魅力，也带给观众更
多的文化体验。
这也有利于加深两国人民的相互了解和友谊。
英文电影字幕翻译中的文化关照
2442020年04期总第496期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS英文电影字幕翻译中的文化关照文/韩成花电影是现实生活的反映，可以通过电影了解西方国家的风土人情、历史文化等，但是由于东西方文化存在差异，就需要在翻译的过程中进行文化关照，才能够准确地传达电影中的文化内涵，因此，如何在翻译中进行文化关照，就成为一部电影能否收到人们欢迎的关键因素之一。
一、字幕翻译字幕翻译就是将电影中的人物对话翻译成目的语，本文所要探讨的是将英文字幕翻译成汉语，因为欧美国家和中国的文化存在差异，所以在英文字幕翻译的时候就要充分考虑到文化的差异而进行文化关照，只有如此，才能够使电影的文化内涵得到传达，从而实现观众对电影的理解。
一般而言，英文字幕翻译成中文字幕中文化关照有以下几种形式。
一是异化。
就是把英语直接音译，可以保持原有文化中的本意；二是归化。
就是直接用汉语表达原文的意思，这种方式使传递的文化信息不会改变，又避免了一些俚语或者文化词翻译过来难以让人理解的弊端；三是解释。
很多词语蕴含有丰富的文化背景，我国的观众很多不了解这些文化，直接翻译难以理解，因此需要进行解释说明；四是省略。
一些英语对话中信息重复拖沓，不利于观众的理解，因此对于一些对话中的词语采用省略的翻译策略，不仅能使观众明白其中的意思，又不影响影片本身所要表达的内容。
二、英文电影字幕翻译中文化关照的应用出于文化关照的考虑，在字幕翻译中，一定要考虑到不同文化之间的差异，使翻译的内容更容易为观众理解，以增加观众的观影感受。
一般而言，文化关照的应用包括直译、意译、替换、诠释、省略和增加等。
1.直译。
直译即翻译的文字和形式和英文字幕的原文一致。
很多电影的对白都非常口语化，直接翻译可以使观众更方便地理解外国文化，领略异国语言的独特特点。
比如，在电影《新月》中，贝拉回答爱德华问她为什么雅各布可以送她礼物而自己不可以时，贝拉的回答是自己没有可以回送的礼物，这个时候爱德华对贝拉说的：“Bella, you give me everything just by breathing.”在中文字幕中，是这样翻译的：“贝拉，你活着就是给我一切了。
论电影《功夫熊猫》中的中西文化元素
毕业论文The Study on Chinese and Western Cultural Factors in theFilm Kung Fu Panda论电影《功夫熊猫》中的中西文化元素学院）专业级班学生姓名学号指导教师职称完成日期教务处制Abstract: The Film Kung Fu Panda showed in 2008, which achieved a gross of six hundred millions around the whole world, was really a successful implantation of Chinese cultural factors.The great success of this film is a result of perfect combination of Chinese and Western cultural factors. This thesis introduces the functions of film culture, and studies the Chinese and Western cultural factors in the film. It aims to make a study into the film Kung Fu Panda, analyzing the mergence of Chinese and Western cultural factors to see how foreigners understand and make good use of Chinese cultural factors and further offer some helpful advice for Chinese cultural development.Key words: Cultural Factors; Kung Fu Panda; Cultural mergenceContentsIntroduction (1)1. The Film Kung Fu Panda (1)1.1 Brief Introduction of the Film (1)1.2 Chinese Factors in the Film (2)1.2.1 Chinese Images (2)1.2.2 Chinglish (2)1.2.3 The Theory of Taoism (2)1.2.4 The Theory of Confucianism (3)1.2.5 The Theory of Buddhism (3)1.3 Western Factors in the Film (4)1.3.1 Individual Heroism (4)1.3.2 Freedom & Equality (4)1.3.3 Christian Culture (5)1.3.4 The American Dream (5)1.3.5 American Humor (5)2. Combination of Chinese and Western Factors in the Film (5)2.1 The Combination of Chinese Factors and American Ideas (5)2.2 The Combination of Traditional Spirit of Two Cultures (6)2.3 The Combination of Two Values (6)2.4 The Combination of Images (6)3. Enlightenment from the Film (7)3.1 Enlightenment for Chinese Animation Industry (7)3.2 Enlightenment for the Spread of Chinese Kung Fu (8)3.3 Enlightenment for the Spread of Chinese Culture (8)3.3.1 Cultural Consciousness (8)3.3.2 Cultural Renewal (8)3.3.3 Cultural Coexistence (9)4. Suggestions (9)4.1Comprend Both Chinese and Western Cultures (9)4.2Learn the Languages of Other Cultures (9)4.3 Self-renewal (10)Conclusion (10)Biography (11)IntroductionIn modern society, watching film at cinema has become one of the popular patterns of killing time. The film develops into an important mean of demonstrating art and enjoying the culture, which evolves into a cultural function of globalization. Especially under the evolution of Internet and technology of digital multimedia, the improvement of film industry has widely spread. Researches of film are full of realistic significance since the film industry became such a paramount component of culture.Taking film as a research subject originated in the colleges of Western countries at the later period of 1960s. Film is an outcome of the Second Industrial Revolution (evolution of electricity, steel, chemistry and communication all happened at the end of 19th century). And the technology and science had entered into an extremely new epoch at that time which could be witnessed by the cine-camera invented by the company of Thomas Alva，the cine film improved by the company of George Eastman and the gramophone produced by Bell Telephone Company. These scientific and technological achievements had given a great impetus to the development of film industry.As a result of the popularization, film has become a part of our life which brings not only entertainment, but also enlightenment. The core of a film is the attitude and culture it demonstrates, rather than the stories and scenes it shows directly. Films with diverse themes can reveal diverse values and aspects of culture. And the film culture includes advertisings, publicity and the process of appreciating, etc. The whole progress can bring great profit for the company and the country.1. The Film Kung Fu Panda1.1 Brief Introduction of the MovieThe film of Kung Fu Panda released and achieved a gross of six hundred millions around the whole world i n 2008. Compared with the other film showed at 1998 “HUA MuLan” produced by Disney，Kung Fu Panda was really an immense success . These two films were both animated movies applying and packing the Chinese factors. However, the achievements of them were extraordinary .Why? The reason is that Kung Fu Panda is a good example of proper using of Chinese factors while perfectly merging Chinese factors and Western factors.The story of Kung Fu Panda happened in a place called “Peace Valley”. The hero is a fat panda named Poe, who was the son of the boss of a noodle shop. Poe dreamed of becoming a Kung Fu hero like Furious Five. Furious Five were five disciples of the Master racoon which included Tiger, Snake, Crane, Monkey and Mantis with excellent skills of Kung Fu. Unfortunately, the most outstanding disciple of the Master was Tai Lung, a dangerous leopard with wild ambitions. He failed to get the Dragon Scroll and decided to revenge to the citizens in “Peace Valley”. Although the Master Oogway defeated him and sent him into prison, Tai Lung still had the opportunity to escape at any time. In order to protect the citizens in “Peace Valley”, the old Master Oogway decided to hold a competition, selecting a Dragon fighter from the citizens. Poe went to watch this competitive game with other citizens. But he was chosen as the Dragon fighter accidentally. Furious Five and Master raccoon were really disappointed at this result and hated Poe at first. Master raccoon tried his best to drive Poe out. But under the instructions of Master Oogway, Master raccoon noticed his own fault and found out an effective way to teach Poe at the end. It was a special me thod called “Food Attract”, formulated according1to Poe‟s personality. The Master forced Poe to train by giving him delicious food as rewards. Through this targeted method, Poe became a real Dragon fighter and found the true power of Dragon Scroll which helped him defeat Tai Lung. He made his dream come true and brought peace back to “Peace Valley”, which brought him the respect and pride from Furious Five and Master raccoon.To summarize, this was a story of how an unimportant person with a great dream grew to bea great man at the end.1.2 Chinese Factors in the Film1.2.1 Chinese ImagesOne of the obvious characteristics of this film is the wide use of Chinese factors. There are a lot of Chinese images in the film.Firstly, the hero of the film is a panda, the national treasure of China. Panda is a particular sign of China, expressing the spirit of China, and is responsible for spreading the kindness and friendliness of Chinese people. On one hand, using panda as a hero can make Chinese people felt so acquainted and comfortable that they will be willing to pay for it. On the other hand, for the American people, panda is a factor coming from foreign country which will stimulate their desire to watch the movie.Secondly, the major theme and clue of the film is Chinese Kung Fu. The traditional mark of Dream Factory in the film was an old man with a bamboo hat sitting down on the moon. And at the beginning of the film, the scene that Poe drew a sword to render help is also a typical kind of Kung Fu. Meanwhile, most of the skills of Master raccoon are classical components of Chinese Kung Fu, such as “one finger scrubbing”,“Tai Ji”, “Wushi Fingers Hold”, etc.There are also other Chinese images in the film. Such as Chinese food, Chinese buildings, Chinese paintings, Chinese mahjong, Chinese musical instruments, Chinese handwriting, and Traditional Chinese medicine. Special images like noodle, bean bun, tofu, dumplings were included in the film, too.1.2.2 ChinglishAs we all know, the vocabulary of English includes lots of foreign words. Chinglish was the saying of English words invented by Chinese English learners which retains the style and character of Chinese. In the film, there are lots of words of Chinglish which can demonstrate Chinese traditional culture and spirit. Here is a list:Names of roles: Poe, Master Wugui, Master Shifu and Dragon WarriorNames of places: Jade Palace, Peace Valley.Names of food: noodle, tofu, bean bun, dumpling.Names of weapons: Master Flying‟ Armor, the Sword of HeroesNames of Kong Fu: the Wushi Fingers Hold, full split, crazy feet.The great quantity of these vocabularies can make the film easier to understand and be accepted by Chinese spectators. And at the same time it can enhance the introduction of Chinese words into English vocabulary.1.2.3 The Theory of TaoismThe theory of Taoism is a wonderful and valuable treasure of Chinese philosophy which plays an important role in Chinese traditional culture and makes a huge impact on the development of Chinese society.The cor e theory of Taoism includes the value of “governing by doing nothing that goes2against nature”, “Harmony between man and nature”, and “Static and dynamic”, etc.The film has built the conflict of Master Oogway and Master raccoon, stating the contradiction between Poe and Tai Lung. Master Oogway and Poe respect the power of quiescence while the Master raccoon and Tai Lung sign the influence of dynamic. Many lines in the film also demonstrate the theory of Taoism, like “Your mind is like this water, my friend, when it is agitated, it become difficult to see, but if you allow it to settle, the answer becomes clear.” This sentence just shows the power of quiescence. “Yes, look at this tree Chive, I can not make it blossom and suit me, nor make it bear food befor e it‟s time”, said by Master Oogway, However, the Master raccoon said” There are things we can control. I can control when the fruit will fall. And I can control what to seed. This is not illusion, Master.” Their discussion here has showed the theory of La o Tsu, “Nature, the principle of …philosophical aesthetic‟”.The most obvious application of the theory of Taoism in the film is the design of the Dragon Scroll. At the end of the film, the most mysterious and sovereign thing of Dragon Scroll is nothing. I t‟s out of the expectation of Tai Lung and all of the spectators. This design just complies with the theory of “governing by doing nothing that goes against nature”.1.2.4 The Theory of ConfucianismThe theory of Confucianism was put forward by Confucius, a famous and outstanding philosopher in the Period of Autumn and Spring. The theory of Confucianism is the biggest school of thoughts and dominant ideologies in ancient China, having a profoundly and deeply influence on China, even on the world.Maintaining “rule by propriety”, advocating “benevolence”, paying attention to “man”, these three arguments are the core values of Confucianism. The theory of Confucianism insists that all the things should have their own etiquette and rules, and everyone should obey this order. People should revere their king, and the sons should respect their fathers. No one can violate the basic order.In the film, Poe called raccoon Master instead of his name. And at the end of the film, when Poe defeat Tai Lung and came back t o “Peace Valley”, all the citizens called him Master and made a bow with hands folded in front. Their behaviors all embody the theory of “rule by propriety”.Advocating “benevolence” means teaching and governing people with ethics. Confucianism considered that everybody, no matter bad or good, could be educated by ethics. When the Master raccoon lost himself and his own faith, the Master Oogway never gave up but trying his best to help him build confidence. Master Oogway said: “you just need to believe.” E verything can be guided towards the right direction.Paying attention to “man” is the other core ideology of Confucianism, which emphasizing the individuality of humanity and thinks highly of the improvement of people‟s ethics and sympathy. And to some ext ent, paying attention to “man” means respecting the differences of different people and educating them by individualized ways. This is also called “competency-based instructing”. In the film, Poe, whose sole hobby is eating, is a very fat panda with no talent in learning Kung Fu. He is clumsy and lazy, reflecting slowly. However, the Master raccoon didn‟t give him up and explored his potential. Focusing on Poe‟s special hobby, Master raccoon designed the “Food Attract” and finally modeled Poe as a Kung Fu h ero.1.2.5 The Theory of BuddhismAs one of the three major religions in the world, Buddhism originated from ancient India in 1026 BC and was introduced into ancient China in the late of Western Han Dynasty through the3Silk Road. Buddhism was built by the prince of Kapilavatthu, a small country near the Himalayas where is in the country of Nepal today. As the wheel of history turning, the religious doctrine of Buddhism has profoundly integrated into the Chinese culture and has a far-reaching influence on the lives of Chinese people.In the film, every scene Master Oogway appeared indicated the spirit of “Chan” which is a core value of Buddhism. For example, when Master Oogway was practicing Tai Chi Chuan under the tree of peach, the Master raccoon came an d said: “I have some bad news.” The Master Oogway answered:” oh, Shifu, there is just news. There is no good or bad.” And when the Master raccoon told that the chosen of Poe was just an accident, the Master Oogway said that there were no accidents. Moreove r, he comforted Master raccoon: “My old friend, the panda will never fulfill his destiny, nor you yours until you let go of the illusion of control.” Here, the word “let go” is a phrase of Buddhism which has the similar meaning with the sentence of “The bu tcher who lays down his knife, becomes a Buddha at once.”The fatalism is another main viewpoint of Buddhism. The Buddhism thinks that everything in the nature has its own destiny and no one can get rid of it. When the Master raccoon said that he could con trol where to seed the peach tree, the Master Oogway said: “Ah, yes, but no matter what you do, that seed will grow into a peach tree. You may wish for an apple or an orange, but you will get a peach.” It means that everything is destined that nothing can change the result. The Master Oogway did believe that to be a Dragon Fighter was the destiny of Poe. He was fated to defeat Tai Lung. So he persuaded Master raccoon that “You just need to believe it.” And when noticed that he was going to die, he said: “my time has come”, and then he disappeared and left a lot of peach blossom. All these designs can show the fatalism in Buddhism.1.3 Western Factors in the Film1.3.1 Individual HeroismIndividualism is often regarded as the landmark of American society. Individualism was a notion emerged in the Renaissance which is a basic and paramount component of humanism. It emphasizes the power and the freedom of individual. And the Individual Heroism is an inevitable result of the emphasizing of individualism.Individual Heroism is always the eternal theme of American films, including Kung Fu Panda. The panda is the national treasure of China whose general image is always very kind. However, the figure of Poe is astonishing and out of expectation as he is selfish, non-modest, and always takes himself as the centre and never consider other‟s feeling. These characteristics are representative of the American instead of the Chinese. Poe is a Chinese panda, but actually he is an American. He was totally a product of American culture.Meanwhile, in the film, Poe was chosen as the best one to defeat Tai Lung. It seems that no one can defeat Tai Lung and save the lives of all the citizens of “Peace Valley”, except Poe. Even the Furious Five and Master raccoon could not take charge in the task.Apparently, the film Kung Fu Panda has the spirit of Taoism of Chinese culture. Moreover, under the cover of Taoism is the ideology of American freedom and equality.1.3.2 Freedom & Equality“Freedom has been hunted round the globe. Asia an d Africa have expelled her. Europe regards her like stranger, and English has given her warning to depart. O! Receive the fugitive, and prepare in time an asylum for mankind.” This is a section from the Common Sense of Thomas Paine‟s pamphlet about the spi rit of freedom. Freedom and equality is another crucial connotation of American culture.4Although the film has emphasized the etiquette of China many times, the relationship between Poe and Master raccoon was equal and free. For example, there was one scene that Poe imitated the action of Master raccoon when he was eating noodles with Furious Five. And the other scene that Poe criticized Master raccoon directly then decided to go down off the hill. These phenomena all seem to be impossible in ancient China because no one had courage to oppose the Confucianism at that time.1.3.3 Christian CultureAs we know, the first migrates coming to America were those Puritans who came here for escaping from the religious persecution. Hence, Christian culture is another characteristic of America.The choice of Dragon Fighter in the film is a marked demonstration of the fatalism of the Christian culture. In the film, the Master Oogway did believe that to be a Dragon Fighter was the destiny of Poe. He was fated to defeat Tai Lung. And the combat between him and Master raccoon all showed the power of fatalism. On one hand, these scenes can explain the culture of Chinese Buddhism. On the other hand, they can also demonstrate the characteristic of Christian culture.1.3.4 The American DreamThe appeal of the film Kung Fu Panda is that everybody has his own dream and everybody can make his dream come true as long as he try his best. No matter how ordinary he is. There is no superpower or secret of success. Just do believe yourself, do everything you like and boost your potential, then you will realize your dream. This is the traditional model of the American Dream.Firstly, th e “Peace Valley” was an ideal place full of opportunities for Poe .Poe was chosen to be the Dragon Fighter by accident here. “Peace Valley” was a stage for Poe to fulfill his dream.Secondly, Poe achieved his American dream because of his positive attitude toward life. Although he was fat, clumsy and had no talent in learning Kung Fu, he was still full of confidence and never gave up.In addition, at the end of the film, the secret of Dragon Scroll was blank and Poe finally found the tip was “just do believe yourself”. “Do believe yourself”, is the crucial meaning of American dream.1.3.5 American HumorAnther feature of the film of Kung Fu Panda is the extensive use of American humor. American humor has made the film more popular and easier to understand. Here are some examples:“Don‟t stand that close. I can smell your breath.”“You will never be the Dragon Warrior unless you lose 500 pounds and brush your teeth.”“Probably I loosened up for you through. OK, here goes.”“It‟s OK. I didn‟t get it the first time, either.”“Stop it, I‟m going to pee.”2. Combination of Chinese and Western Factors in the Film2.1 The Combination of Chinese Factors and American IdeasThe Chinese factors of the film do not exist separately, but combining with the American5ideas and those factors integrate perfectly into the phrase of the film. For American spectators, the Chinese factors are not completely strange and unacceptable. Because it is a film having Chinese factors as its coat and having American value as nucleus.In the film, American idea was the outline, and there were lots of Chinese factors under this outline.Firstly, for the aspect of words using, the Master Oogway wearing Han Chinese clothing imitated the well-known saying of Hamlet “To be or not to be”, “Quit, don‟t quit? Noodles, don‟t noodles?” And he also quoted anther famous English saying “Yesterday is history; tomorrow is a mystery; but today is a gift. That is why it is called present.” All of these words are from American culture.Secondly, there are kinds of American thinking modes and concepts in the film. For example, “Service with a smile” a traditional concept of service in America.2.2 The Combination of Traditional Spirit of Two CulturesAt the second part of this article, we have discussed that the chosen of Dragon Fighter is a demonstration of the fatalism in Buddhism. However, in the western culture, when the King of ancient Israel inherited the throne, people had to put the oil on the head of the King, which symbolized that it was God‟s blessing. And as time goes by, this custom transferred to the knowledge of that the Saviour of the world was the chosen one by god. This is another important characteristic of Christianity. The chosen of Dragon Fighter in the film of Kung Fu Panda exactly interprets “the chosen one” from Christianity. The Kung Fu Panda is a combination of traditional spirit of Chinese and Western.2.3 The Combination of Two ValuesIn western society, as the connotation of democracy and legal system have rooted in people‟s mind, the W estern culture emphasizes on intellectual property right, dignity, freedom and independence, asking people to be responsible for their own fates. Dante had clearly put forward that man was living for his own purposes, not for the purposes of others. And emphasizing personal value is an important part of the spirit of American culture which maintains the personal struggle to realize the value of life. They believe that “God helps those who help themselves”. In the film of Kung Fu Panda, Poe was the laziest animals in the “Peace Valley”, but he had made his dream come true at last through his personal struggle. This is a typical behavior of American individualism.Nonetheless, unlike the western society, Chinese culture insists that individual be responsible for others and his collective. They consider that the value of a man exists and realizes basically on group consciousness so that they need to devote themselves to the group which they belong to. And only by following this way can they realize their values. In the film, when Tai Lung made threat to the safe of “Peace Valley”, the Master raccoon and the Furious Five all stood up and tried their best efforts to protect the citizens. Their collective behavior had a deeply impact on Poe and reminded him his responsibility whenever he faced kinds of danger. Therefore, the perfect ending of Kung Fu Panda is a successful combination of individualism and collectivism.2.4 The Combination of ImagesThe original image of Poe is a panda which is a typical Chinese image. Pandas live in China and have been treated as the national treasure for a long time. The image of Poe in the film collected the lovely and honest characteristics of panda. Yet, it was this so childlike that spectators can not help smiling, Chinese panda, wearing short pants, insisted his own dream and6made his American dream come true.However, different from Poe, the image of Master raccoon came from America. It is an animal which likes living in the forest beside rivers and lakes. They love cleanness so much that they often put the food into the water and wash it. That is the reason people give them the name “raccoon”. But it was just this animal from America that wearing Chinese cope, using chopsticks and being called “Shifu” by other roles in the film. The images of Poe and Master raccoon are both combinations of Chinese and Western factors.3. Enlightenment from the Film3.1 Enlightenment for Chinese Animation IndustryBoth the factors of Kung Fu and panda belong to traditional Chinese culture, but why the film of Kung Fu Panda was not produced by Chinese. Some people criticized heavily the current situation of Chinese animation industry. Most of them held that the failure of Chinese animation industry was the lacking of excellent skills and advanced technology. However, there were not too many effects in Kung Fu Panda, and the skills used were also very acquainted to us. What is the key problem?The broad and profound Chinese culture has countless artistic endowment sources which can be used in our animation films. Chinese cartoon creation ignore this existed treasure house of traditional culture. We are not able to make change or innovation. In other words, when we are facing the deep and thick traditional culture, our ability of innovation and breakthrough always disappears. In front of the Chinese cultural factors to inherit and carry forward, what we really lack is confidence, imagination ideas, and the ability to integrate. For the traditional Chinese cultural elements, the creator is easy to make himself in shackles. And in the process of mining traditional culture, he often lack groundbreaking try, and is stubborn. For example, the panda ate bean bun but not bamboo. Somebody may see it as illogical. They must have been twined by shackles and lack the divergent and reverse thinking. That is the point.Meanwhile, when people mining the Chinese traditional culture, they always keep unconfident and have outmoded attitude toward classic works. Culture and modern culture consumption have been apart seriously. The creator can not do research and finish their works with modern views or in a globalization vision. Therefore, only when the creators of animation films break their inner fixed thinking pattern, and breakthrough the mind taboo, can they use the modern consciousness to create the bold imagination. Only make good use of entertaining elements and cater to the popular trend, can Chinese animation art get greater vitality.Moreover, inheritance and integration is not an empty talk. It needs good state of mind, and more of sincerity and determination. No matter HUA MuLan or Kung Fu Panda, more than once for Chinese culture to be studied by the creators and used as a reference. For Kung Fu Panda, the director Mark Oliver Bonn had spent many years in studying Chinese culture especially in the history of Kung Fu. It took him five years to finish the film, and the whole staff of Kung Fu Panda have seriously went through a large number of films on Hong Kong Kung Fu in the 1970 s. And those fantastic ancient Chinese architectures, landscape scenes in the film, were the effort of the film's art director who had spent eight years digging into Chinese culture. In contrast, what is our own attitude toward the traditional culture?Today, for the revival of Chinese cartoon, what we need is not external opportunities, but the courage to looking for our own value and the confidence to transcend ourselves.73.2 Enlightenment for the Spread of Chinese Kung FuJust like the name of “Kung Fu Panda”, there are so many factors abo ut Chinese Kung Fu in the film. The film had imitated a lot of famous sections of our traditional films of Kung Fu, like the images of Furious Five, Tiger, Snake, Crane, Monkey and Mantis. They are the embodiment of Chinese “Pictographic boxing”. And the s cene of the battling for bean bun between Poe and Master raccoon was a simulation from the film of “Snake in the Eagle's Shadow”.The successful achievement of the film of Kung Fu Panda is a result of extensive use of the factors of Chinese Kung Fu. In return, it is also a good way to spread factors of Chinese Kung Fu which has proved itself an increasingly important role in the world.Kung Fu not only belongs to China, but also belongs to the world. There is a popular saying about culture: “The more national, the more of the world.” It means the cultural belongings of a nation should be no national boundaries. The spread of Kung Fu should be no international barriers.In facing of the applying and innovation of Kung Fu from other countries, we should welcome and support, giving up the attitude of conservation and boycott. Under the program of cultural globalization, there is no need to worry about the lost of our traditional culture. Actually, what we need to do is finding out the right way to spread our traditional culture.3.3 Enlightenment for the Spread of Chinese CultureCulture is a kind of soft power which has an increasingly influence on the world‟s future. The spread of culture itself is the demanding of history, the embodiment of social progress, and a must of economic globalization. The culture need to be spread, also need to be cognitive, and relocated. The success of Kung Fu Panda does provide some advice to our own national culture development.3.3.1 Cultural ConsciousnessThe first and the most urgent we need to improve is our cultural consciousness.According to Jia Huitong, the meaning of cultural consciousness is that, the people who living in a culture environment not only have a basic self-knowledge of their culture and its history as well as its forming process, but also know its characteristics and trends in the future. This consciousness can not have any relationship with cultural regression which means “instauration”, nor with wholesale westernization.The cultural consciousness requiring a self-knowledge refers that we need to fully understand our history and tradition which is the fundamental of transmitting and spreading the culture. Chinese culture is one of the world‟s oldest civilizations which is said playing a great role in the progress of world civilization. As the descendants of Yan and Yellow Emperors, we feel proud of Chinese traditional culture and are expected to be familiar with our own culture. And this is the inner basic path of introducing traditional Chinese culture to the world.In addition, the cultural consciousness also need our own new understanding and reposition of the traditional culture. We have to understand the position of Chinese traditional culture within the world scope. And the success of the film of Kung Fu Panda has proven the characteristics and charming of Chinese traditional culture.3.3.2 Cultural RenewalThe arrival of economic globalization has caused the globalization of cultural resources, and the cultural globalization has brought the “cultural renewal” to almost every nation all over the world. Cultural renewal means that, in addition to adapt to the needs of social development, any kinds of national cultures need to absorb foreign cultures as complement to enhance their vitality。
英汉影片名中的文化因素
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英语电影蕴涵的文化要素解读
英语电影蕴涵的文化要素解读[摘要]作为一种固定式的静态概念，文化元素会受到欣赏者水平高低的影响。
所以，在进行英语电影作品的解读时，就必须站在观赏者的角度去审视作为客体所要了解、学习、借鉴和阐释的信息，需要人们站在观赏者的角度，理性并且客观地去把握电影中的文化底蕴。
本文将列举一些经典的英语电影，并进行有针对性的分析，然后从文化和精神层面出发，总结出解读英语电影的三项重要元素，即文学、历史和宗教。
[关键词]英语电影;文化解读;要素;观赏者一、引言日前刚刚上映的《速度与激情7》又一次掀起了国内外各大电影院里的观影热潮，而能够令这一系列电影如此火爆的原因不会只是其火爆的场面、精彩的动作或者著名的导演与演员。
作为一部成功的英语电影，其所蕴藏的文化内涵是其他电影所无法媲美的。
但在对英语电影进行文化解读时，难免会因为中西方的文化差异而造成一定的误解。
鉴于此，本文将借助几部经典的英语电影作品，来剖析英语电影解读过程中至关重要的三个文化元素。
二、英语电影文化解读的第一要素――文学文学为英语电影的发展起到了推波助澜的作用。
从表面上看，电影和文学貌似是两种完全不同的传播媒介，但是实际上二者之间存在着许多必然的联系，它们是彼此互通的两种艺术叙事表现形式。
随着电视和电脑在我们日常生活中的普及，影视文学也孕育而生。
而且，长期以来电影的拍摄题材大多来源于经典的文学作品。
所以，从艺术特色上分析，两者之间存在着强烈的共鸣。
而从表现形式上看，叙述性的语言描绘方式在某种程度上可以很好地提升电影的空间画面感，尤其是英语电影。
另外，如果一部英文电影能够将叙事部分处理得非常好，就会令整个故事情节变得更具确定性和具体性。
因此，文学不但能够为电影提供丰富的素材，还能够加深观众对电影主题思想的理解。
迄今为止，已经有很多英语文学作品被改编成电影，陆续登上各大电影院的大银幕，其中比较著名的有《傲慢与偏见》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《简?爱》。
在解读这样的英语电影时，首先要明确无论导演如何改编或者创作，其都会以原著中的文学主旨为核心。
中国文化元素在电影片英译汉中的运用
中国文化元素在电影片英译汉中的运用【摘要】本文对部分外国电影片名翻译中，分析了文化因素在翻译名中的体现，旨在提醒从事电影译制的专业人员和非专业电影译制爱好者，在电影片面翻译过程中，考虑文化因素对译制片名的影响。
【关键词】电影片名翻译；中国文化一、引言电影是世界上最有文化影响力的一种文化传媒手段之一，随着我国的改革开放，国际交流的愈加深入，电影翻译工作也如火如荼地进行着。
而电影片名如同人的脸面，重要性不亚于电影字幕的翻译。
好的电影片名翻译无疑使电影增色不少。
中国是一个拥有五千年历史的悠久国度，而如何使电影片面的译制在准确传达影片内容信息的同时，融入源远流长的中国古典传统文化色彩，唤醒观众的内心情感，从而达到吸引中国观众，进一步提升其商业价值，是许多翻译工作者在翻译片面过程中的一个重要课题。
二、中西文化主要差异性对比（一）思维差异性对比中式的思维模式曲线的、感性的，在语言上讲究谨言慎行，正如女子“犹抱琵琶半遮面”给人以无限遐想的空间。
反观西方人的思维模式就是直线的、理性的，会毫不犹豫地表达自己对事物的看法和观点。
在英语电影片名中体现为，许多片名仅以一个英文单词命名，如Speed《速度与激情》，Ghost《人鬼情未了》，Inception《盗梦空间》，较之以中文译名，则显得十分简洁直白。
（二）文化意象内涵差异性对比文化的差异性会使不同地区的人对同一事物产生不同看法。
如西方婚礼的白色婚纱代表了纯洁爱情，而白色在中国传统文化中常常象征着死亡；而中式传统文化中的红色嫁衣的颜色，在西方往往是血腥屠戮的象征。
“狗”在汉语中的表达多为贬义，如猪狗不如、狗腿子等。
然而在西方家庭中，狗的地位等同每一位家庭成员，所以词语含义多为褒义，如lucky dog（幸运儿）、love me love my dog爱屋及乌。
（三）审美差异性对比审美是一种普遍的社会文化现象，是人类文明长期发展的结果。
在电影片名翻译中，主要表现为文字、语形上的审美差异。
英语电影片名翻译的中国传统文化研究
英语电影片名翻译的中国传统文化研究中国传统文化与英语电影片名翻译的关系是一个复杂而有趣的研究话题。
中国传统文化在电影中的表现形式丰富多样，片名作为电影的重要组成部分，既要传达电影的主题和情感，还要吸引观众的注意力，因此在翻译过程中需要考虑如何准确地传达中国传统文化的内涵。
在中国传统文化中，经典文学作品、古代神话传说、历史人物和道德价值等元素都可以成为电影片名的来源。
“红楼梦”是中国古代四大名著之一，它的电影版可以取名为“Dream of the Red Chamber”。
这个片名既保留了原著的名字，又能让观众对电影的内容有一个大致的了解。
“金瓶梅”是一部古代小说，它的电影版可能会被翻译成“The Plum in the Golden Vase”，这个片名将小说中的物品“金瓶”和“梅花”巧妙地组合在一起，寓意丰富，也能吸引观众的兴趣。
除了经典文学作品，中国的传统文化中还蕴含了丰富的民间故事和神话传说。
这些故事和传说经常成为电影的灵感来源，片名的翻译也要考虑如何准确地传达其中的意境和情感。
“孔雀东南飞”是中国一部古代故事，它可以被翻译成“The Peacock Flies Southeast”。
这个片名通过描述孔雀飞翔的方向和方式，给人一种神秘而美丽的感觉，与故事的情节相呼应。
“白蛇传”是中国古代著名的神话故事，它的电影版可能会被翻译成“The Legend of the White Snake”，这个片名将故事中的主要角色“白蛇”和故事的主题“传说”结合起来，传递了神秘和浪漫的氛围。
中国历史人物也经常成为电影的创作对象，片名的翻译也需要考虑如何准确地传达人物的形象和意义。
“秦始皇”是中国古代历史上著名的皇帝，他的电影版可能会被翻译成“The First Emperor of Qin”。
这个片名通过描述秦始皇的地位和影响力，给人一种庄严和威严的感觉。
“红颜祸水”是中国历史上著名的女性人物杨贵妃的绰号，她的电影版可能会被翻译成“Beauty Brings Disaster”。
英语电影字幕翻译中的文化因素及翻译策略
英语电影字幕翻译中的文化因素及翻译策略英语电影字幕翻译中的文化因素及翻译策略随着全球化的加速发展，英语电影作为一种流行的文化媒介，对于不同语言和文化背景的观众来说，字幕翻译成为了把电影中的情节和对白传达给观众的重要手段之一。
然而，在字幕翻译的过程中，文化因素扮演着至关重要的角色。
本文将探讨英语电影字幕翻译中所涉及的文化因素，并提出一些常见的翻译策略。
首先，英语电影中常常存在着一些与当地文化有关的元素，如节日、传统习俗、宗教信仰等。
这些元素对于观众理解电影情节和人物动机起着重要作用。
在字幕翻译中，译者需要在传达原文的基础上，将这些文化因素转化为目标文化的等效元素，以确保观众能够准确理解原文所表达的文化背景和含义。
例如，英语电影中常常出现的圣诞节，在字幕翻译为中国观众时，可以直接翻译为“圣诞节”，并适当加入对中国观众更为熟悉的元素，如红包、元宵等。
其次，英语电影中的幽默元素和谐声调也是字幕翻译中常见的文化因素。
不同文化的幽默观念和笑点不尽相同，直接的翻译可能会导致笑点的失效。
在这种情况下，译者需要采用一些翻译策略，如直译、意译、换位翻译等，以尽量保留原文的幽默效果。
同时，为了适应观众群体的差异，译者还可以根据目标文化的习惯和口味进行适当的改编。
比如，英语电影中的双关语常常以一种巧妙的方式表达幽默，译者在字幕翻译中可以采取意译或者同音翻译的方式，以保留一定的幽默效果。
另外，英语电影中的文化隐喻也是字幕翻译中需要注意的文化因素。
文化隐喻是指通过特定文化经验所产生的暗示和含义，常常涉及特定的象征、习俗和传说等。
在字幕翻译时，译者需要对文化隐喻进行准确理解，并将其转化为目标文化的对应隐喻或者合适的文化解释。
例如，在英语电影中，黑猩猩常常被用作身体强壮和野蛮的象征，而在中国文化中，龙常常被用作力量和尊贵的象征。
针对这种差异，译者可以通过改变翻译人物的形象或者对话内容来进行对应，以使观众更好地理解电影的内涵。
最后，英语电影中的口头语和文化俚语也是字幕翻译时常见的文化因素。
英语电影片名翻译的中国传统文化研究
英语电影片名翻译的中国传统文化研究随着全球化的发展，越来越多的国外电影流入中国市场，而对于这些电影的翻译名称，我们不难发现，其中很多都是涉及到中国的文化元素，这就需要对中国传统文化有更深入的了解，以便更好地理解电影片名的含义和内涵。
首先，我们来看看几个经典的电影片名如何翻译。
1、Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon（卧虎藏龙）该电影的片名是由一个中国成语“卧虎藏龙”翻译而来的，这个成语的意思是指隐藏着很多隐秘和潜力的人。
这个电影讲述了一位女剑客和她的冒险故事，充满着中国武术的印记，因此，这个片名的翻译是非常恰当的。
2、Memoirs of a Geisha（艺伎回忆录）这个电影的片名翻译是基于日本文化元素的，艺伎是日本传统文化中的一种女性职业，拥有良好的文化修养和演艺技能。
这部电影描述了一位艺伎的故事，因此，片名翻译为“艺伎回忆录”是符合原著内容的。
3、Kung Fu Panda（功夫熊猫）这个电影的片名翻译是基于中国武术元素的。
功夫是中国传统武术的代表，而熊猫则是中国独有的动物，因此，这个片名翻译是将中国武术文化和中国特色熊猫文化相结合。
以上三个例子，都是将中国文化元素或者亚洲文化元素作为电影片名的翻译，从中不难看出，对中国传统文化有更深入的了解，可以更好地理解并表达这些电影内容的含义。
除此之外，电影翻译中还经常会运用到中国的成语、俗语和谚语，比如：1、Avatar（阿凡达）这个电影的片名翻译运用了一个中国成语“化身千万”作为翻译元素，这个成语的意思是指一个人可以随意变化出无数众多的身份和形态，和电影中人物出现的外形变化有相似之处。
2、Life of Pi（少年派的奇幻漂流）这个电影的片名翻译运用了一个中国谚语“生命像一只破船，浮沉不定”的意象，讲述了一个少年与一只老虎的生存故事，不断地浮沉不定，这个谚语翻译与电影情节相呼应。
在电影翻译中运用中国的文化元素不仅能够更好地传达电影的内容，还能够让西方观众对中国文化有更深刻的认识。
英语电影中的文化元素 英文
From the perspective of English teaching, the popularity of American film is aperson worthy of attention in Englishteaching. Students can help Americamovie dialogue learn authentic English, enjoy authentic American style,learning western etiquette culture, a taste of Western thinking.At present, the world is being swept American large storm, American film with excellent ornamental effect, superb production methods, new text impact Chinadomestic film market, is also popular with the young students love fashion.Coupled withthe network, micro-blog, 3D HD, mobile phone version of the filmand various communicationmedia presence, the ornamental America filmmore convenient, more widespread, more be good to hear or see, can enjoy a strong impact American film on almost any occasion, under any circumstances.Cultural transmission from the point of view, this is indeed a good thing,because the dissemination of the contents of the quality of the existence ofrich people's spiritual life, broadened their horizons, but also to enhance thepeople's appreciation and the cognitive level, so, for the image era, shall hold a welcome attitude recognized.Moreover, from the perspective of English teaching, the popularity of Americafilm is a person worthy of attention in English teaching. Remember the ninety'sAmerican film is not universal time, the original American films into EnglishTeaching ofpopular and reference books, the students can help USA moviedialogue learnauthentic English, enjoy authentic American style, learningwestern etiquette culture, a taste of Western thinking, get a varietyof teaching resources from the English, teaching is a blessing. Therefore, the current USAmovie tide struck again China, also caused the English educators to exploreEnglish teaching elements contained in the American film. This paper analyzesthe Englishteaching elements from the three aspects of the American filmcontained.Contains a America movie in USA cultural elementsAs "American film study of positive communication" author Zhong Lei said:"although the film is called the entertainment industry inthe USA, but the movie bring people far from 'entertainment' two words can cover. Since themovie birth, movie alwaysreflect, influencing and changing America society and people's daily life. 1923 "New York Times" reported: 'movie is a reflection of our own. We see, is our own: we own, what we see in the movies. 'Therefore USA film, is a mirror of America society, this mirror, notjust an ordinary mirror. It is a prism, multi-dimensional mirror, multilayer mirror, Gao Yuanjing, microscope." America movie since the birth of time, have beenactively American culture carrier, its propagation speed USA culture, thepopularity of space, more than any of the newspapers and periodicals A Film Association (MPAA) first president will Hayes said: "whether a girl isinIndiana or what other places, this fashion over three months, she will know,because she will be seen in the film." At present, the Hollywood movie's strongperformance, can be between any fashion information instantly to the world,also can make anyconsumer product popular in a day in the world. This USAculture to the people is the need to survive, more is to satisfypeople'spsychological needs and the pursuit of fashion of the herd.The performance American movie in the daily lives of Americans, providesAmericans etiquette paradigm for theaudience. As American guest mode,social occasions deportment, dress etiquette, the etiquette, as Americans, are expressed from the movie camera. At the same time, because the film isthrough time and space, special movie means to have vanished life reproduction, but also to be a virtual future, show the past life and the future of the world in front of the audience. Such as "Waterloo Bridge", "city lights", "the sound of music" and many other nostalgic America film, recording is Americahistory of every period, lets the audience through the film to go back to the past; such as "Uncle Tom's cabin" and many other black film is beautifulcountry western develop the bloody and tragic; such as "back to the future",American science fiction film, the magnificent scene in -- lose one's temperperformance in coming, this is the future of America. Therefore, in Americancontained in the film, is not only the stars dress and hairstyle and other elements of fashion, more American history, America each period of socialstatus and the Americans the pursuit of the future, hope, fear and longing.Therefore, in view American film, is also a kind of absorption American cultural opportunities.Two American film language elementsEach language has its regional characteristics, also is the existence ofdifferent dialects and folk custom vocabulary phenomenon, will also have theprevailing local folk proverbs, folk stories, those words in the normal dictionarycannot be found, in the regularEnglish textbooks and teaching the word., israrely mentioned. But in the actual use of language, it is precisely this kind oflanguage enriches expressive effect and significance of rhetoric, deepen theideological content of the language, exhibit extremely lively personality. In the film the spoken language dominated art style, using the character is the American's most popular the most commonly spoken language vocabulary,concrete form is also America people common oral culture. As the classicalUSA old film "the sound of music" and "Heidi", contains a large number of folksongsTwo American film language elementsEach language has its regional characteristics, also is the existence ofdifferent dialects and folk custom vocabulary phenomenon, will also have theprevailing local folk proverbs, folk stories, those words in the normal dictionarycannot be found, in the regularEnglish textbooks and teaching the word., israrely mentioned. But in the actual use of language, it is precisely this kind oflanguage enriches expressive effect and significance of rhetoric, deepen theideological content of the language, exhibit extremely lively personality. In the film the spoken language dominated art style, using the character is the American's most popular the most commonly spoken language vocabulary,concrete form is also America people common oral culture. As the classicalUSA old film "the sound of music" and "Heidi", contains the folk songs andproverbs in great quantities, these words fresh, interesting, lively, texture, with a general textbook language do not have the quality of life, is the life classvocabulary for English learners. Sowhen viewing American film, attracted the attention of colloquialisms, slang, proverbs and other language information in English, will accumulate a large number of language samples, to learn English,the teaching of English books out of death, to life is themost effective means of.At the same time, American is a combination of people, from all over the worldAmerica people will be their mother tongue intothe America language, theEnglish absorbing nutrition factors more, grow into a more rich and powerful,the moreinclusive language. Fully inclusive and equitable this language, andnot only refers to the vocabulary, but alsothe flow speed, tone, language,speak in measured tones pronunciation methods, and American films arereproduced the original ecology of this American language, so that the audience can listen to learn English speech language expression, stronginimitation in their practical English ability.Great changes as Chinese language is experiencing rapid development ofscience and technology present situation, hasbrought changes to the lives of Americans turn the world upside down, the new technology of language has gradually penetrated into all aspects USA life, bring the language changes toAmerica society. Somemodern American English vocabulary with thevocabulary with the fashion elements, therefore, in the current performance ofAmericans watch some films, is to absorb the modern language vocabulary,learn a good way of English dynamic. Especially in recent years, USA film hasmore avant-garde style and topic, the movie character's white more cutting-edgeand philosophy. Watch this video, often can see a large number of new English words, intuitive understanding of the true meaningof the words and the way of English teaching, be of great advantage.Secondly, America films have very strong artistic and scientific, in this kind ofmovie, there usually have a large number of poems and prose language. As a usual practice that literary creation, the literary language is not in accordance with thelanguage grammar practice to writing, therefore will not proficient in English reading brings enormous obstacles. Such as therecent popular USAfilm "tree of life" is a new form of expression in the film, the film did notcomplete narrative, also does not havethe complete character, from time to time to insert some space, satellite images, volcano burst, life scenes, the filmas a popular science film so full of prose and the messy details, so it is called"the screen lines", have a high cultural quality and ornamental. Andas USAfilm "life of Pi", tells the story of 17 year old boy and a tiger in the sea for 7 months of the legend, the whole film is filledwith thoughts of religion and philosophy, people road white sentence classic, provide much material forthought. But understand this literary English needs certain literary ability andappreciation ability, have certain English language accumulation. So, to meetthis kind of language, be familiar with literary language habit of expression in English, tomaster English writing practice, and improving the written languageEnglish is of great help.The three study American advanced thinking patternsRecently, American film appeared a kind of offbeat trend, many directors to break through the traditional literary conceptionin habit, ornamentalpsychological subversion of the audience, deductive film disposed into apluralistic thinking tendency. Suchas "walk in the clouds", "miracle", "light","weakness", is this kind of movie masterpiece. A subject of some simple common, thanks to the director and carefully edited, using flashbacks,interleaved with various narrative clue, thefilm took the strange, mysterious,suspense, confusion of colors. At the same time, but also into the fashionelement, psychology, emotion and Dream Pop, in the mainstream and non mainstream film market have found a goodentry. So watch this film, not only tounderstand the content of the film, but to see the marvelous performance in the film by director of the conception and subversive text. The direction of thinking such a revolutionary diversified open type, in a test of the viewerwisdom at the same time, also presents a serious problem to the audience: literature and art is diversified era antitraditional, all one-way thinking model and unified narrative text, most will eventually be eliminated. This advancedthinking mode is the future direction of development of technology, a brain storm is the human must experience. Therefore, when watching this film,should focus on the analysis of the concept of director style, clear film thinking direction and narrative texture, also is to figure out the director's mode of thinking. While the ultimate goal of learning English, is to learn westernadvanced thinking, master the way of thinking, is truly learned the essence of Western culture.To sum up, visible America film contains rich American cultural information,and these information for an English learner, is agood, very interesting, veryeasy to remember learning approach. For English language teaching, English teaching should be the depth of mining elements contained in the America in the film, take it as an aid to learning English, and the classroom Englishteaching better fit together.。
英语电影字幕翻译中的文化因素及翻译策略
英语电影字幕翻译中的文化因素及翻译策略引言：随着全球化的推进，英语电影扮演了世界各地人们娱乐、学习英语以及了解不同文化的重要角色。
电影字幕翻译是将电影中的对话和文字转化为不同语言的过程，而在这个过程中，文化因素扮演了重要的角色。
本文将探讨英语电影字幕翻译中的文化因素，并提出一些翻译策略。
一、文化因素对英语电影字幕翻译的影响1. 背景知识与文化难题：电影中的对话常常包含各种背景知识和文化细节，这使得电影字幕翻译面临着一些困难。
例如，英语电影经常涉及到特定地理位置、历史事件、名人或文化象征等。
如果观众在字幕中没有获得足够的背景信息，就可能无法理解电影场景的真正含义。
2. 文化差异与幽默翻译：不同的文化对幽默有不同的理解。
电影中的幽默经常依赖于语言的双关语或文化特点。
因此，翻译者需要考虑如何在字幕中传达电影中的幽默元素，同时确保观众能够理解和欣赏到电影的幽默。
3. 社会习俗与礼仪：电影中还包含各种社会习俗和礼仪，这也是字幕翻译需要注意的一个方面。
例如，不同国家的问候方式、礼节和社会规范可能有很大的区别。
翻译者需要根据观众的文化背景，采取合适的翻译策略，确保字幕在传达情节的同时，尊重不同文化之间的差异。
二、英语电影字幕翻译的策略1. 保留文化特色：在电影字幕翻译中，保留文化特色是非常重要的。
翻译者可以尽量保持原文中的文化特色，将其传达给观众。
例如，如果电影中出现了某种特定的习俗或文化象征，可以在字幕中添加一些适当的解释或说明，以帮助观众更好地理解。
2. 考虑观众的背景：考虑观众的文化背景也是字幕翻译策略的一部分。
翻译者需要了解观众对于电影中的文化差异和细节的理解程度。
在翻译过程中，可以根据观众的背景知识和文化理解，在字幕中增加一些必要的背景信息，以便他们更好地理解电影的含义。
3. 简化和转换：有些文化细节在字幕中很难直接传达，这时翻译者可以使用简化或转换的策略。
例如，对于一些具有特定文化背景的笑话或幽默元素，可以尝试使用类似的幽默元素，而不是直接翻译，并在字幕中添加一些有关文化的背景信息，以便观众能够理解。
英语电影片名翻译的中国传统文化研究
英语电影片名翻译的中国传统文化研究中国传统文化是一种宝贵的资源，它不仅是中国人民的文化遗产，也是世界文化的重要组成部分。
在电影领域，许多英语电影的片名与中国传统文化有着紧密的联系。
本文将以1000字左右的篇幅，探讨英语电影片名与中国传统文化之间的关系。
首先，许多英语电影片名是由中国传统文化中的成语或典故组成的。
例如，《功夫熊猫》(Kung Fu Panda)一片中，主角熊猫的名字叫做“宝”(Po)，这个名字取自于中国成语“宝塔镇河妖”，意思是用宝塔压住河里的妖怪，喻示主角用自己的勇气和力量战胜邪恶。
又如，电影《少年派的奇幻漂流》(Life of Pi)的片名来源于“数学圆周率π”，寓意着主角的生命经历也如同一个数学上的无穷不循环小数，充满了神奇和不可预知的变数。
其次，有些片名是由中国传统文化的元素组成的。
例如，电影《卧虎藏龙》(Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon)的片名，取自于中国古代的成语“卧虎藏龙”，意为人才潜伏，未显山露水。
电影的内容也与此相符合，讲述着一段才华横溢的武士故事，角色的表现如同卧虎藏龙，暗合着中国传统文化的意韵。
此外，一些英语电影还会将中国传统文化的元素带入到角色的造型和行为中来。
例如，《功夫熊猫》中，主角熊猫的身上装扮了一件传统的中国功夫服，戴着一个拥有中国传统元素的帽子，这些细节不仅增加了角色的可爱程度，也让观众更容易地联想到中国功夫这一元素。
总的来说，英文电影与中国传统文化之间存在着紧密的关系。
无论是从片名、元素还是角色细节上来说，都体现了中国传统文化在国际影视领域的影响和地位。
因此，研究英文电影片名与中国传统文化之间的关系，有利于促进中外文化交流，使得世界更加多元化和包容。
Chinese Elements In Hollywood Movies(好莱坞电影中的中国元素)
In a similar way…
Chinese milk!
There're so many popular Hollywood movies which have Chinese elements that I cannot introduce them all.But I wish that more Chinese elements will appear in Hollywood and they can show different side of China. I will appreicate it if American people can see more Chinese modern culture and more profund things of Chinese traditional culture.
But they defeated by a group of Amrican teens…
THE NEW AGE: INDETERMINACY
Now, Chinese elements become more positive and attractive. Bruce Lee let the Chinese kongfu popular in America, a trend which continues to this day. Jackie Chan, Jet Li , Michelle Yeoh(Yang Ziqiong) also devote a lot. Ecept the kongfu, we also can see many positive things in Hollywood.
'Red' China made American feared, but it also become an object of ridicule.
最新 英文字幕中的文化因素及其翻译策略探析-精品
英文字幕中的文化因素及其翻译策略探析字幕翻译不同于一般的文本翻译。
那么，英文字幕中的因素及其翻译策略是?来源于生活。
影视作品作为一种深受广大人民群众喜爱的文艺形式，更是生活的浓缩和体现，承载着丰富的文化信息，例如风土人情、社会习俗等等。
然而，这些文化因素也给英文字幕翻译增加了难度，阻碍了英文影视作品中文化信息的有效传递。
如何把英文影视作品中蕴含的丰富的底蕴呈现给中国观众，成为字幕翻译工作者的重要任务。
1.英文字幕中的文化因素语言是一种文化现象，是文化的重要组成部分，同时也是文化的载体。
美国著名翻译学家奈达曾经指出：“语言是文化的一部分，任何文本的意义都直接或间接地反映一个相应的文化，词语意义最终也只能在其相应的文化中找到。
”(1993)各个民族都有自己独特的文化，并且在各自的语言中得以体现。
英文影视作品借助视觉和听觉等手段，更加生动地表现了国家生活的方方面面。
本文以热播美剧《生活大爆炸》(the big bang theory)为例，对字幕中的文化因素进行分析。
《生活大爆炸》是一部情景喜剧。
剧中虚构了两位加州理院的天才科学家：leonard和sheldon，两人共同租住在一间公寓。
他们有着超出常人的智商，却是十足的书呆子。
他们的邻居penny是一位漂亮的餐厅女招待，擅于社交却缺乏基本的科学常识，与两位“天才”形成了强烈的对比。
剧中对白多为日常美语，人物个性鲜明。
其中反映出来的社会文化因素包括以下几方面：1.1 思维方式思维习惯直接体现在言语的表达方式上。
西方人惯用抽象型、分析型思维，表现在语言上就是句子结构严谨、逻辑紧密，多用连接词和固定结构连接句子成分。
例如：sheldon: in the winter, that seat is close enough to the radiator to remain warm, and yet not so close as to cause perspiration; in the summer, it’s directly in the path of a crossbreeze created by opening windows there and there. it faces the television at an angle. that is neither direct, thus discouraging conversation, nor so far wide as to create a parallax distortion. i could go on, but i think i’ve made my point.。
英汉电影片名翻译中的文化因素
英汉影片名中的文化因素马珍萍（江西科技师范学院，江西南昌330013）[摘要]作为人们喜闻乐见的一种艺术形式，电影已成为透视一个国家文化的窗口。
分析英汉影片名中所包含的特定的文化因素，将有助于人们更好地理解影片主题。
这些文化因素主要包括思维方式、价值观念、表达习惯、习语典故、背景知识、宗教文化等。
[关键词]电影片名；名词；个人主义［中图分类号］J905［文献标识码］A［文章编号］1672-2108（2009）02-0089-02[收稿日期]2009-3-27[作者简介]马珍萍（1968-），女，江西南昌人，江西科技师范学院外国语学院，副教授，硕士，研究方向：教育学、英美文学。
第19卷第2期2009年6月江西青年职业学院学报JOURNAL OF JIANGXI YOUTH VOCATIONAL COLLEGEVol．19,No．2Jun ．2009电影被喻为浓缩了的生活，是透视一个国家文化的窗口。
作为语言文化的一扇窗口，电影片名中包含着特定的文化内涵。
了解英汉影片名中所体现出的文化因素，对于观众更好地理解影片无疑是非常重要的。
这些因素主要包括思维方式、价值观念、表达习惯、习语典故、背景知识、宗教文化等。
一、思维方式翻译学家傅雷认为：“东方人与西方人之思维方式有基本分歧。
我人重综合，重归纳，重暗示；西人则重分析，细微，曲折，挖掘唯恐不尽，描写唯恐不周。
”中华民族习惯于以主客体统一为基础，从整体上把握对象，从而形成了“重整体，轻个体”的思想。
具体到电影片名上的反映便是：中国人非常注重片名的“导读”功能和“导审”功能，即偏重对影片内容的介绍，它有利于把握全剧的内容，如《南京大屠杀》、《智取威虎山》、《城南旧事》等。
西方文化的导向强调准确而具体，着眼于局部或要素。
研究解决问题的方法通常为将问题进行更小单位分解，提炼出最基础因素，然后再以部分的性质说明复杂的事物。
西方人这种重分析、重局部的思维方式反映在电影片名上则是大量采用那些影响影片剧情发展的要素作为片名，尤其是大量运用人名和地名。
影响英语电影解读的三个文化元素
影响英语电影解读的三个文化元素摘要文化元素是一个相对固定的静态概念，因观赏者能力水平的不同而有所变化。
解读电影作品包含的文化元素就是站在电影观赏者的角度，解读电影作品作为电影接受的客体所包蕴的，可供接受者了解、阐释、学习、借鉴的信息。
影响英语电影文化解读的三个文化元素是：宗教，历史，文学。
通过列举和分析与之相关的一些经典电影所包含的文化涵义，说明了解这些文化元素对于欣赏电影的重要性。
提出：英语电影既是英语语言学习的一部分，也是英语文化学习的一部分，应该通过对英语电影的解读加深学生对西方文化的正确认识和辨别能力，从而提高对文化的敏锐性和感受力。
关键词英语学习英语电影文化元素解读随着网络的普及，信息的快速传递，英语电影资源越来越丰富，中国学生把电影看作学习英语的重要手段。
但由于中西文化差异，他们往往是囫囵吞枣不能完全欣赏和理解其内涵，因而造成看的电影不少但是真正能理解的不多。
作为英语教师。
不仅要能在众多的电影中选出经典之作，还要能帮助学生对英语电影做出正确的解读，把语言学习上升到文化学习。
最终的目的是能够让他们在吸收理解他国文化时。
能够反思自身所处的文化的优越性。
增强民族自信心和学好他国文化的自信心。
英语电影代表全球文化的主流。
首先，英语是国际化的语言，所代表的文化是目前国际化的主流。
其次。
美国好莱坞出产的电影加上英国等其它英语国家所生产的电影，几乎占了全球电影的三分之二，而其中不乏大片和优秀之作。
再有，英语电影可以为我们提供更加生动的语言信息，丰富了语言的内容，以最快最强烈的方式传播文化。
在观看的电影的过程中。
中国观众感受到巨大的文化冲击和中西文化的差异。
他们只能用已有的本国文化的认知去解读英语文化，就造成了很大程度上的误读或漏读。
因此，要提高欣赏英语电影的水平，必须了解三个文化元素――宗教、历史和文学，这样才能较准确地把握电影要传达的信息，从而进行正确地解读。
首先，人类艺术文化的发展历史表明。
艺术和宗教一直有着密切的联系和同构统一性。
英文电影片名翻译中文化内涵的思考
英文电影片名翻译中文化内涵的思考文化是社交世界的重要元素，电影片名本身就涵盖了不同的文化要素，一个成功的电影片名译本需要考虑源和目标地的文化要素，从而准确地传达给观众以美感和情感功能，文化要素对英文电影片名翻译产生积极的影响。
然而，正如文化要素一方面极大地推进译者的翻译过程，另一方面也可能给不同文化背景的人带来误解。
标签：片名翻译；文化要素；舶来词汇；情感诉求随着经济的发展，人们物质生活不断丰富，同时精神生活也日益充实，电影成为了人们休闲、娱乐的一种重要方式。
目前，欧美大片特别是美国好莱坞制作的电影大片如潮水般涌入国内市场；同时，国产影片中的上乘之作也在国际市场上赢得了不错的口碑。
一部好的电影给人以深刻的印象，好的电影片名更是让人记忆深刻、回味无穷。
片名就如同电影的门楣，它能够吸引观众，诱导观众观看影片，而一部优秀的电影要想吸引其它国家的观众必定离不开好的片名翻译，其中语言和文化的要素的影响对电影片名起着至关重要的作用，因而片名翻译中针对文化要素的研究日益受到商业电影公司和翻译领域学者的关注。
1.引言语言和文化是密不可分的关系。
文化，作为一个非常有意思概念，目前已有至少200多种不同的定义，其表达的核心是说明语言是一种社会和文化现象。
一方面，语言是文化的载体。
另一方面，它是一种文化的必要组成部分。
任何文化必须应用特定的语言来表达。
因此，文化是语言发展的土壤，语言离不开文化而单独存在。
作为一种交际行为，翻译的作用在于促进不同民族之间的文化沟通。
语言反映了一些口头和书面表达，人们通过语言表达感情，通过说和写来交流思想和挂观念。
如果采用适当的文化元素，一部电影片名通过顺应我们的心智和社交世界，从而给观众的内心传达巨大的美感并给观众以心灵的洗礼。
因此，片名译者需要进一步了解源语言国家以及目标语言国家的文化，应选择具有文化内涵名词短语，从而通过片名翻译跨越不同文化间的障碍。
2.英文电影片名翻译中的文化内涵作为一种娱乐形式，英文电影通常是讲述一些虚构、人民生活和社会背景的故事，它所反映的本质是社会的文化现象。
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从英语教学的角度来看,美国影片的普及是一件值得从事英语教学的人士关注的事情。
学生可以借助于美国影片中的对白学习地道的美语,观赏地道的美国风情,学习西方礼仪文化,领略西方人的思维。
目前,世界各地正在席卷着美国大片的风暴,美国影片以其极佳的观赏效果、高超的制作手段、新锐的文本冲击着中国国内的电影市场,也受到热爱时尚的青年学生的喜爱与追捧。
再加网络、微博、3D高清、手机版影片及多种多样的传播介质的存在,使得观赏美国影片更加便捷、更加普遍、更加赏心悦目,几乎在任何场合、任何情况下都可以欣赏到冲击力极强的美国影片。
从文化传播的角度来看,这的确是件好事,因为这种优质的传播内容的存在丰富了当下人们的精神生活,开拓了人们的视野,也提升了人们欣赏能力和认知水平,所以,对于这种影像时代的到来,应当持欢迎认可的态度。
再者,从英语教学的角度来看,美国影片的普及也是一件值得从事英语教学的人士关注的事情。
记得九十年代美国影片并不普及的时代,原版的美国影片成了英语教学的抢手货和教辅读物,学生可以借助于美国影片中的对白学习地道的美语,观赏地道的美国风情,学习西方礼仪文化,领略西方人的思维,从中得到多种教学资源,对英语教学来说实在是一件幸事。
因此,当前美国电影大潮再次来袭中国,也引起了英语教育者对于美国影片中所蕴含的英语教学元素的深入探讨。
本文试从三个方面对美国影片中所蕴含的英语教学元素进行分析。
一美国影片中蕴含的美国文化元素
正如《美国电影积极传播研究》的作者钟蕾所言:“虽然电影在美国被称为娱乐产业,但电影带给人们的远非‘娱乐’二字的意义所能涵盖。
从电影诞生之日至今,电影始终反映、影响和改变着美国社会和人们的日常生活。
1923年的《纽约时报》报道说:‘电影是对我们自身的一种反映。
我们看到的,就是我们自身:我们自身,就是我们从电影中看到的。
’因此美国电影,是美国社会的一面镜子,这面镜子,不只是普通的镜子。
它是一只多棱镜、多维镜、多层镜、高远镜、显微镜。
”美国电影自诞生时日起,就一直是美国文化的积极载体,其传播美国文化的速度之快,空间之普及,超过了任何报纸和书刊的速度。
美国电影协会(MPAA)第一任主席威尔•海斯曾说过:“不论一个女孩儿是在印第安纳还是什么其他地方,这个时装款式超不过三个月,她就会知道,因为她会在电影中看到。
”当下,好莱坞电影的强势上演,可以将任何时尚信息顷刻之间带到世界各地,也可以让任何消费产品在一天之内在全世界上风行。
这种美国文化带给人们的既是生存的需要,更是满足人们心理需要和对流行时尚的从众追求的需要。
美国影片中所表现的美国人的日常生活,为观众提供了美国人交际礼仪的范例。
如美国人的做客方式、社交场合的谈吐举止、服饰礼仪、美国人出游时的方式礼仪等,都可以从电影镜头上表现出来。
同时,因为电影是穿越时空的,特殊的电影手段可以把已经消失的生活重现,也可以虚拟未来,在观众面前展现过去的生活以及未来的世界。
如《魂断蓝桥》、《城市之光》、《音乐之声》等许多怀旧的美国影片,记录的就是美国各个时期的历史,让观众通过影片去重温过去的日子;如《汤姆叔叔的小屋》等许多黑人影片记录的是美国西部开发的血腥与惨烈;如《回到未来》等美国科幻影片,于电闪雷鸣之中表现的高科技到来时的壮丽场景,这就是美国的未来。
因此在美国影片里所蕴含的,不仅仅是影星的穿着和发型等时尚元素,更有着美国的历史、美国各个时期的社会现状和美国人对未来的追求、期待、担忧和憧憬。
因此,在观赏美国影片时,也是一种吸收美国文化的机会。
二美国影片中的语言元素
每个民族的语言都有它的区域性特征,也就是存在着不同的地方方言和民俗化语汇现象,也会有当地通行的民谣民谚、民间故事等,这些语汇在正常的词典里是查不到的,在正规的英语教科书的教学语词里,也是很少提及到的。
但在实际的语言运用中,恰恰是这类语言丰富着语言的表达效果和修辞意义,深化着语言的思想内容,表现出极其鲜活的个性。
而在电影这种以口语语言为主导的艺术样式里,人物所使用的正是美国人中最流行最通用的口语词汇,也是
美国民众约定俗成的口语文化的具象形式。
如经典美国老片《音乐之声》和《海蒂》中,包含着大量的民歌歌词和谣谚,这些词汇新鲜、有趣、生动、质感,具有一般教课书语言所不具备的生活气质,是英语学习者所需要的生活类词汇。
所以当观赏美国影片时,注意吸引美语中的俗语、俚语、谚语等语言信息,就会积累出大量语言标本,对深入学习英语,使英语教学走出死的书本、更加生活化是极其有效的手段。
同时,美国是一个组合起来的民族,来自世界各地的美国民众将自己的母语带入到美国语言之中,使美语汲取了更多的营养因素,成长为一种更加丰富而强大的、包容性更强的语种。
这种语言上的兼容并蓄,并不仅指词汇量的增加,而且也有语流语速、语调、语言的抑扬顿挫的发音的方式方法等,而美国影片恰恰直观地再现了这种美国语言的原生态,使观众可以通过倾听来学习美语的语速语流表达,在模仿中强大自己的英语实践能力。
正如中国语言正在经历的巨大变化一样,高速发展的科技现状给美国人的生活带来了翻天覆地的变化,表现新技术的语言也渐渐深入到美国生活的各个层面上,给美国社会带来语言上的变革。
一些现代词汇的加入使美语英语的词汇带上了时尚的元素,所以,在观赏一些表现当下美国人生活的影片时,就是汲取现代语言词汇、了解英语动态的一种良好途径。
特别在最近几年时,美国电影有着更加前卫的表现手法和话题,电影里人物的道白更加具有新锐和哲理化。
观赏这类影片时,往往会看到大量的英语新词汇,直观地了解这些词汇的真实含意和产生的途径,对英语教学大有裨益。
其次,美国电影有很强的艺术性和科学性,在这类影片里,通常有大量的诗歌散文语言的出现。
如同文学创作的通常惯例那样,这种文学化的语言是不会按照语言语法的惯例去写作的,因此会给英语不熟练的阅读者带来极大的障碍。
如最近风行的美国影片《生命之树》就是一种全新电影表述形式,在整个影片里并没有完整的叙事,也没有完整的人物性格,又时时地插入一些关于宇宙空间、卫星云图、火山迸发、生命孕育的镜头,整部影片如同一部科教片那样布满了散文化的语言和零乱的细节,故被人称之为“银幕上的诗行”,有着极高的文化素质和观赏性。
又如美国影片《少年派的奇幻漂流》,讲述了17岁少年派与一只老虎在海上漂流7个月的传奇,整部影片里充满了哲学与宗教的思考,人物的道白句句经典,发人深思。
但听懂这种文学性的英语需要一定的文学功力和欣赏能力,还要有一定的英语语言的积累。
所以,多接触些这类的语言,才会熟悉英语里文学语言的表达习惯,才能掌握英语的写作惯例,进而对英语书面语言的提升是大有帮助的。
三学习美国人先进的思维模式
最近,美国影片出现了一种另类风潮,许多导演突破传统的文学构思习惯,颠覆观众的观赏心理,将影片处置成一种多元化思维倾向的演绎。
如《云中漫步》、《神迹》、《发光体》、《弱点》等就是这类影片的代表作。
一些简单常见的一个主题,经过导演和精心剪辑,使用倒叙、插叙等多种叙事线索,影片就带上了诡异、神秘、悬疑、混乱的多种色彩。
同时,还融入了梦境、心理学、情感等流行的时尚元素,在主流与非主流影片市场都找到了很好的切入口。
所以观赏这种影片时,不仅要看得懂影片的内容,更要看得透导演在影片中所表现的那种奇巧的构思和颠覆性的文本。
这种带有革命性质的多元化开放型的思维方向,在考验着观赏者智慧的同时,也向观众提出一个严肃的问题:文学艺术正走向反传统的多元化时代,一切单向的思维模式和一元化的叙述文本,最终将要遭到淘汰。
而这种先进的思维模式才是未来科技发展的方向,也是人类必定要经历的一场头脑风暴。
因此,在观看这类电影的时候,应当把重点放在解析导演的构思风格上,理清影片的思维方向和叙事纹理,也就是弄清了导演的思维模式。
而英语学习的最终目的,就是要学习西方人先进的思维,掌握了这种思维方法,才算真正学到了西方文化的精髓。
综上所述,可见美国影片中所包含的丰富的美国文化信息,而这些信息对于一个英语学习者来说,是一种良好的、趣味性极强的、非常容易记忆的学习途径。
对于英语教学者来说,应
当对蕴含于美国影片中的英语教学元素进行深度挖掘,将其看成是一种英语辅助教材,使其与课堂上的英语教学更好地契合在一起。